JP5615877B2 - Pyrolysis waste treatment system with double knife gate valve - Google Patents

Description

  The field of the invention is pyrolysis waste treatment.

  Pyrolysis is a known waste disposal method. Examples of pyrolysis waste treatment systems include US Pat. Nos. 4,759,300, 5,653,183, 5,686,085, 6,619,214, and US Patent Application Publication No. 2005/0039655. All of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Unlike incineration, pyrolysis is the destructive decomposition of waste materials using indirect heat in the absence of oxygen. Burning waste by burning with an open flame in the presence of oxygen can cause blasting, which causes turbulence in the incinerator. This facilitates recombination of the outgas. Waste destruction in an oxygen-rich environment makes the conversion very imperfect. This is very inefficient and produces harmful substances.

  In contrast, the pyrolysis process most desirably removes the solid components of the waste by operating at high temperatures in a substantially oxygen-free environment (eg, vacuum in a practical sense). Convert to a mixture of solids, liquids, and gases in proportions determined by pressure, oxygen content, and other conditions. The solid residue remaining after pyrolysis is commonly referred to as char. Pyrolysis evaporates are often further processed by processes that promote oxidation. This allows the resulting gas to be safely released into the atmosphere by “cleaning” the evaporant to remove oil and other particulate matter from the evaporate.

  Pyrolytic waste treatment systems generally include a thermal chamber, a feedstock inlet, and a feedstock outlet. In known pyrolysis processing systems, at least one single blade knife gate valve is typically disposed near the entry and / or exit points of the thermal chamber. These single blade knife gate valves shut out the air from the pyrolysis chamber, controlled the waste material passing through the feed material inlet to the thermal chamber, and through the waste material (or carbide) feed material outlet. It is provided to control exit from the thermal chamber. A typical knife gate valve is disclosed in US Pat. No. 5,295,661, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

US Pat. No. 4,759,300 US Pat. No. 5,653,183 US Pat. No. 5,868,085 US Pat. No. 6,619,214 US Patent Application Publication No. 2005/0039655 US Pat. No. 5,295,661

  These single blade knife gate valves have several disadvantages. For example, waste material often becomes jammed in the receiving end of the blade when the single blade knife is closed by sliding the blade toward the receiving end (seat) of the valve assembly. Over time, extensive cleaning is required to continue proper operation of such valves. It has been found that once such a valve becomes clogged, it continues to clog steadily. It is common to disassemble a single panel valve to clean and remove this blockage. All of this leads to unnecessary waste of time and effort.

  Furthermore, the knife blades of known knife gate valves that can be used in pyrolysis systems are not fully recovered in the valve housing, and when the valve is in the open position, a portion of the blades It remains exposed in the inner lumen of the entrance. Such incomplete opening of the valve is insufficient and impedes the passage of waste material.

  Despite these drawbacks, pyrolysis systems generally use single blade knife gate valves because single blade designs are generally recognized as having a tough and robust structure. Yes. The single blade received in the valve seat is generally considered to be relatively strong and able to withstand the weight of the waste material directly above the single blade. In addition, the engagement between the blade and the valve seat is thought to result in the cook effectively chopping off large pieces of garbage in a manner that chops meat with a cutting board using a meat cleaver. . In addition, a single blade with fewer moving parts to be disassembled / assembled is advantageous because disassembly and assembly is required to remove clogs.

  What has been sought after for a long time and has never been available is improved heat with feed inlet control and feed outlet control, which is relatively efficient and relatively easy to maintain. It is a decomposition waste treatment system. The gist of the present invention is to provide such an improved pyrolytic waste treatment system.

  All patents, applications, and literature referred to herein are hereby incorporated by reference. Further, if the definition and usage of a reference term incorporated herein by reference contradicts or is contrary to the definition of that term presented herein, it is presented herein. The definition of that term applies here and the definition of that term in the reference does not apply.

  The present invention is directed to an apparatus, system and method for treating waste material. The apparatus heats the thermal chamber with a thermal reactor disposed therein, a feed material inlet coupled to the thermal reactor to supply waste material into the thermal chamber of the thermal reactor. And at least one knife gate valve positioned within the device for restricting the passage of waste material through the interior space of the device.

  Among the many different possibilities contemplated herein, the apparatus can have a first knife gate valve having a first blade and a second blade. It is further contemplated herein that the first blade is a movable knife blade capable of moving toward and contacting the second blade.

  Further, it is contemplated herein that the first blade and the second blade cooperate with each other to cut a portion of the waste material that passes through the interior space of the device.

  The contemplated device can have an actuator coupled to the first blade. The actuator is driven by at least one of electric power, oil pressure, and air pressure.

  In a preferred embodiment, the first blade and the second blade each have a longitudinal axis, an upper side, a lower side, a blade side, and a blade edge. It is contemplated herein that the blade edge and the longitudinal axis approach each other at an angle other than 90 degrees. In a further preferred embodiment, the blade edge and the longitudinal axis form an angle of 75 degrees.

  In the device contemplated here, the edge side of the first blade contacts and abuts a portion of the edge side of the second blade in order to substantially block the passage of waste material through the interior space of the device. Thus, it has the 1st blade which can move toward the 2nd blade.

  In other blade configurations contemplated herein, the lower side of the first blade contacts a portion of the upper side of the second blade to reduce the cross-sectional area of the passage and thereby pass through the interior space of the device. It is possible for the first blade to move towards the second blade so as to substantially block the passage of the first.

  In a preferred embodiment, the blade edge of the first blade is a ridge created where the lower side and the edge side of the first blade meet. In the apparatus further contemplated herein, the lower side and the edge side of the first blade meet at an angle of 45 degrees.

  Optionally, the apparatus has a second knife gate valve operably disposed between the first knife gate valve and the pyrolysis chamber. The second knife gate valve has a third blade and a fourth blade that cooperate and cooperate to limit the waste material from passing through the interior space of the device.

  A number of different configurations of several knife gate valves at various locations within the apparatus are contemplated herein. At least one such valve can be arranged in the inlet section. At least one other such valve can also be arranged in the outlet section. For example, supply a first knife gate valve and a second knife gate valve so that the first blade and the second blade of each of the two valves are movably disposed within the internal lumen of the feedstock inlet. Can be coupled to the material inlet. Further, the third knife gate valve and the fourth knife gate valve are fed so that the blades of the third knife gate valve and the fourth knife gate valve are movably disposed in the internal lumen of the feed material outlet. Can be coupled to the material outlet. In this configuration, the first knife gate valve and the second knife gate valve operably limit the waste material and gas from entering the thermal chamber, and the third knife gate valve and the fourth knife gate valve Restricting the expulsion of the waste material from the thermal chamber to be movable and restricting the gas from entering the thermal chamber from the feed outlet.

  The various objects, features, aspects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent when the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like numerals represent like elements. It will be clear.

1 is a side view of a first embodiment of a pyrolysis waste treatment system having a double knife gate valve according to an aspect of the present inventive subject matter. FIG. FIG. 2 is a top view of a pyrolysis waste treatment system having the double knife gate valve of FIG. FIG. 2 is a perspective view from the proximal end of the pyrolysis waste treatment system having the double knife gate valve of FIG. 1. 1 is a top view of a first embodiment of a double knife gate valve according to an aspect of the present inventive subject matter. FIG. FIG. 5 is a bottom view of the double knife gate valve of FIG. 4 in an open position. FIG. 5 is a side view of the double knife gate valve of FIG. 4 operably coupled to a feed inlet. It is a top view of the 1st blade and the 2nd blade of a 1st embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a side view of the first blade and the second blade of FIG. 7. 1 is a side view of a first embodiment of a blade according to an aspect of the present inventive subject matter. FIG. 6 is a side view of a second embodiment of a blade according to an aspect of the present inventive subject matter. FIG.

  The invention and its various embodiments will now be more fully understood from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments, presented herein as illustrative examples of the invention as defined in the claims. I can understand. Obviously, it should be understood that the invention as defined by the claims may be broader than the illustrated embodiments described below.

  Numerous variations and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, it should be understood that the illustrated embodiments are described merely as examples and should not be construed as limiting the invention as defined by the claims. For example, it will be apparent that the present invention may be used herein even if it is not initially claimed in such a combination, regardless of the fact that elements of a claim are described below in a particular combination. It should be understood that other combinations of fewer, more, or different elements than those disclosed in the document are included.

  The terminology used herein to describe the invention and its various embodiments is generally defined not only by their generally defined meanings, but also by their specific definitions. It should be understood as including structures, materials, or actions beyond the meaning of what is being said. Thus, when an element can be understood to include more than one meaning in the context of this specification, its usage in one claim is construed by this specification and the terminology. It should be understood as encompassing all possible meanings supported by.

  Thus, the wording of a claim or element definition in the following claims refers to not only the combination of elements literally described herein, but also substantially the same function in substantially the same way to obtain substantially the same result. It includes all equivalent structures, materials or actions to be performed. Thus, in this sense, an equivalent replacement can be made with two or more elements for any one of the elements of the following claims, or a single element for two or more elements of a claim This is intended to be replaced here. An element is described above as acting in a particular combination, and even initially claimed as such, but obviously one or more elements from the claimed combination may be combined in some cases It should be understood that the claimed combinations may be directed to sub-combinations or variations of sub-combinations.

  Variations from the claimed subject matter, now known or later devised by those skilled in the art, are clearly contemplated herein as equally falling within the scope of the claims. . Accordingly, obvious replacements now known to those skilled in the art or later known are defined as falling within the scope of the elements defined herein.

  Accordingly, these claims include what has been specifically shown and described above, what is conceptually equivalent, what can be clearly replaced, and what inherently incorporates the essential idea of the invention. Should be understood as

  Accordingly, the detailed description set forth below in connection with the drawings appended hereto is intended as a description of the presently preferred embodiments of the invention and represents only forms in which the invention may be constructed or utilized. Not aimed at that. This description describes the functions and sequence of steps for constructing and operating the present invention in conjunction with the illustrated embodiment. However, it should be understood that the same or equivalent functionality may be achieved by different embodiments that are still intended to be covered by the spirit of the invention.

  The present inventors use a knife gate valve with a double blade instead of a knife gate valve with a single knife blade in the pyrolysis waste treatment system. It has been found to be advantageous in reducing the need to remove clogged waste material.

  In this specification, the term “pyrolysis chamber” is synonymous with “high temperature chamber”, “reaction chamber”, and “thermal chamber”. All of these terms refer to a chamber in which waste material is pyrolyzed.

  FIG. 1 represents the entire basic structure of a pyrolysis waste treatment system according to the present invention. The pyrolysis waste treatment system 100 includes a pyrolysis chamber (or reaction chamber) 110, a feed inlet 120, a feed outlet 130, a heating source, and a plurality of double knife gate valves 160A-D. The pyrolysis chamber receives waste material, exposes the waste material to heat, and sufficiently limits the presence of gas in the chamber so that the waste material in the pyrolysis chamber is substantially pyrolyzed. A plurality of double knife gate valves cooperate with each other to limit the presence of gas in the chamber.

  The pyrolysis chamber 110 is coupled to the feed inlet 120 and initially receives waste material that passes through the top opening of the feed inlet 120. The system 100 of FIG. 1 has an optional feed inspection window 122. The feed inlet 120 also has a feed inspection window 122 positioned on the inlet sidewall to allow viewing of the interior of the feed inlet 120. Inspection window 122 also allows an operator to monitor waste material passing through feed inlet 120. As shown in FIG. 1, the feed inspection window is positioned on and directly adjacent to the double knife gate valve 160A. Such an arrangement advantageously allows the operator to monitor the operation of the double knife gate valves 160A and 160B. Other locations are contemplated for having such an inspection window, such as having an inspection window positioned between the double knife gate valves 160A and 160B. Similarly, other parts of the system 100 can have such inspection windows that allow the interior of the system 100 to be viewed.

  The pyrolysis chamber 110 is also coupled to the feed material outlet 130 so that after the waste material is processed in the pyrolysis chamber, the waste material or feed material passes through the feed material outlet 130. Waste material eventually passes through the feed outlet 130 and exits the feed outlet from the bottom opening (not shown) as carbide. This system has an exhaust gas pipe 135 that guides any organic gas generated in the pyrolysis chamber 110 to an oxidizer (secondary combustion device) in which the gas is burned.

  Pyrolysis chamber 110 is thermally coupled to a heating source. The heating source shown in FIG. 1 includes a combustion air manifold 140, a combustion blower 142, and a natural gas combustor manifold 144. This constitutes a typical gas heating source for pyrolysis processing systems. Combustion blower 142 facilitates the intake of air from combustion air manifold 140. The natural gas combustor manifold 144 cooperates with the gas combustor to produce the heat necessary for the pyrolysis process.

  It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the heating sources described herein can be readily modified by other known heating mechanisms, depending on the aesthetic or functional needs of a particular application.

  The pyrolysis treatment system 100 has a hydraulic drive 150 coupled to a shaft (not shown) positioned inside the pyrolysis chamber 110. The hydraulic drive 150 is mechanically engaged with the shaft and rotates the shaft to process the waste material in the pyrolysis chamber. There are many dimensions and configurations known in the art for such shafts, and those skilled in the art will readily recognize that the present invention is compatible with any known such shaft. The Furthermore, the hydraulic drive 150 can be driven by an alternative power source. For example, the hydraulic drive device 150 can be driven electrically or magnetically.

  Here, four double knife gate valves 160A-D are shown. The valves 160A, B are disposed upstream of the pyrolysis chamber 110 so that at least a portion of the waste material passes through the valves 160A, B before entering the pyrolysis chamber 110. As shown in FIG. 1, the double knife gate valves 160A, B are coupled to the inlet 120 such that when the valves 160A, B are closed, waste material is restricted from passing through the feed inlet 120. Yes. As described in more detail below, each double knife gate valve 160A-D has two movable blades that can move toward each other to substantially close the passage. These two blades can also move in opposite directions to open the passage. Optionally, one blade of the same valve can be movable and the other blade can be fixed.

  A waste material path is defined as a predetermined route through which waste material travels within the pyrolysis waste treatment system 100 to accomplish the pyrolysis process. Both the feed material inlet 120 and the feed material outlet 130 are shown as having an overall vertical shape with an internal space for the waste material to pass through. The internal space is also considered a lumen. The waste material passage also includes the interior space of the pyrolysis chamber 110. In a typical pyrolysis waste treatment process, waste material first passes through the lumen at the feed inlet 120 and then into the interior space of the pyrolysis chamber 110 and travels to the lumen at the feed outlet 130. Go through it.

  Each of the double knife gate valves 160A-D can substantially restrict the passage of waste material by completely or partially closing the valve. Double knife gate valves 160A-D can be individually operated and controlled. As discussed above, the function of the double knife gate valves 160A-D limits the presence of gas in the pyrolysis chamber 110 and controls the rate at which waste material passes through the pyrolysis waste treatment system 100. Preprocessing the waste material by cutting the waste material into appropriate lengths and sections, and cutting the pyrolyzed waste material into the lumen of the feed outlet 130 Including.

  During operation, it is preferred that the double knife gate valves 160A and 160B do not open simultaneously. Waste material is first introduced into the system 100 through the top opening of the feed material inlet 120. Valve 160A is open while valve 160B is closed, allowing waste material to enter the lumen space between valves 160A and 160B. Valve 160A then closes and shears the waste material captured beyond the opening of valve 160A. When valve 160A is closed, valve 160B is open, allowing waste material in the lumen space between valves 160A and 160B to leave feed inlet 120 and enter pyrolysis chamber 110. To. Note that the feed inlet is always sealed by the closure of at least one of the valves 160A, 160B. Such a design will minimize the incorporation of gas (and / or air) into the pyrolysis chamber 110. The amount of gas (and / or air) introduced from outside the system 100 into the pyrolysis chamber (as opposed to the gas produced by organic waste while in the pyrolysis chamber) is within the pyrolysis chamber 110. The presence of gas (and / or air) should be limited to less than 25% of the total capacity of the pyrolysis chamber 110, more preferably less than 15%, even more preferably less than 5%, most preferably less than 1%. Is preferred. Similarly, double knife gate valves 160C and 160D do not open at the same time as described for valves 160A and 160B. In other words, the pyrolysis chamber 110 is always closed / sealed at both ends by at least one double gate valve at each end.

  FIG. 2 is a top view of the pyrolysis waste treatment system 100. The feed inlet 120 is shown so that the blade of the double knife gate valve 160A (in the closed position) is visible from the top opening of the feed inlet 120. The double knife gate valve 160B is located directly below the double knife gate valve 160A and is therefore not visible in the top view of FIG. A double knife gate valve 160C is shown partially, but is located below the exhaust pipe 135. Double knife gate valve 160D is located directly below double knife gate valve 160C and is therefore not visible in the top view of FIG.

  FIG. 3 is an illustration of the system 100 as viewed from the proximal end to the distal end of the pyrolysis waste treatment system 100. From the proximal end of the system 100, a feedstock inlet 120 with double knife gate valves 160A, B can be seen. However, the double knife gate valve 160C is blocked by the pyrolysis chamber 110 and cannot be seen.

  FIG. 4 shows a close-up view of the double knife gate valve 160 contemplated here in the closed position, as viewed from the top. The double knife gate valve 160 has knife blades 170A, B. Here, the blades 170A and 170B of the same valve 160 move into the space defined by the valve frame 196 and mate with each other to substantially close the passage of waste material. In FIG. 4, the two blades 170A, 170B are mated at their ends. As discussed later, as shown in FIG. 10, the two blades can be mated with overlapping surfaces.

  The dual knife gate valve 160 contemplated herein has a valve actuator that moves the blades 170A, 170B from the open position to the closed position and from the closed position to the open position. The valve actuator is shown as a pneumatic valve actuator 190 in FIGS. Pneumatic valve actuator 190 adjusts the position of double knife gate valve 160 by converting air pressure into linear motion. Typically, linear motion devices open and close gates, spheres, diaphragms, pitch, and angular valves by sliding stems that control the position of the closure element. Here, in the valve actuator 190, the actuator body 191 is coupled to the sliding stem 192. The sliding stem 192 is received in the actuator body 191 and can slide in and out of the actuator body 191 with a piston-like action.

  Those skilled in the art will recognize that this type of valve actuator can also convert air pressure to rotational motion, depending on the type of blade and the utility of the valve.

  The rotary motion device moves the sphere, plug, and butterfly valve from the open position to the closed position by a quarter turn (90 °) or more. Many methods of operating pneumatic valve actuators are known in the art. Diaphragm actuators are mainly used for linear motion valves, but are also suitable for rotary motion valves when used for some type of linear-rotational motion linkage. Piston cylinder actuators are suitable for both linear motion valves and rotary motion valves. Typically, a rack and pinion actuator can also be used to convert the linear motion of the piston cylinder actuator into a rotational motion. It is known in the art that a rack and pinion design is also suitable for adjusting a manual valve. To convert linear motion to rotational motion, a Scotch yoke type device can be implemented.

  At the distal end of the sliding stem 192 is a blade locking device 194 for attaching the blade 170 to the sliding stem 192. The blade locking device 194 securely attaches the blade 170 to the sliding stem 192 so that when the sliding stem 192 slides, the blade 170 moves in the same direction. When the sliding stem 192 is actuated by the valve actuator 190 and moves in the distal direction, the sliding stem moves out of the actuator body 191 toward the valve frame 196. The valve frame 196 is coupled to the actuator body via the actuator frame 193. As the sliding stem moves linearly toward the valve frame 196, the blade 170 also moves in the same direction and enters the valve frame 196. Actuator frame 193 provides structural support to couple actuator body 191 to valve frame 196.

  FIG. 5 shows the valve 160 of FIG. 4 as viewed from the bottom, in the open position, with the blades 170A, B pulled out. Here, the passageway (defined by a rectangular area surrounded by the valve frame 196) is not restricted and is not blocked. In the open position, no part of the blade remains in the passage and does not restrict the movement of waste material through the valve.

  FIG. 6 shows a double knife gate valve 160 disposed across the cross section of the feedstock inlet 120 with the valve in the closed position. Here, waste material is effectively prevented from passing through the lumen of the feed inlet 120 and is substantially limited.

  The pneumatic valve actuator 190 may optionally include other features. For example, the actuator 190 may have an over-torque protection device having a torque sensor that stops the power source when a safe torque level is exceeded. The actuator 190 can also have a movement stop device or a movement limiting device that limits or limits the linear or rotational movement of the actuator. Furthermore, the pneumatic valve actuator 190 can have an electromechanical limit switch (contact type), or a non-contact proximity sensor, allowing position monitoring from a remote location. Alternatively, the valve actuator 190 can have a local position indicator. The control system for the pneumatic valve actuator 190 can include an integrated push button and manual control device. Other control devices may include a handle wheel, a manual lever, or a hydraulic hand pump that can be used to release the actuator in an emergency.

  The contemplated double knife gate valve 160 implements a single acting mechanism that uses air pressure to actuate the valve in one direction and a compression spring to actuate the valve in the opposite direction. be able to. Preferably, the double knife gate valve 190 contemplated herein implements a double-acting mechanism that uses air pressure to actuate the valve in both directions.

  The operation of the valve actuator 190 may include a number of variables and specifications such as operating time, control signal input, operating mode, safety device position, supply air pressure range, and operating temperature. The operating time is the time required to completely close the valve. Milliampere, volt, and pressure signals are common control signal inputs. The position of the safety device can optionally be provided so that in the event of a power failure or loss of control signal, the pneumatic valve actuator determines whether to open or close the valve. The supply air pressure range is the input pressure required to achieve the desired torque or thrust output. Stroke length, number of revolutions, and actuator force are other important specifications for the pneumatic valve actuator contemplated herein that move linear motion valves of the type disclosed herein. . Further, the valve 160 contemplated herein provides a visual indication or electronic indication that indicates whether the full range of motion is a quarter turn, a nominal 180 ° or 270 ° turn, or multiple turns greater than 360 °. The rotational motion device provided can optionally be implemented.

  FIG. 7 shows the blades 170A and B in more detail. Blades 170 A, B have an upper side 171. The upper side 171 is the upward side of the blades 170A, B when the double knife gate valve 160 is positioned and operational on the pyrolysis waste treatment system 100. Similarly, blades 170 A, B have a lower side 172. The lower side 172 is the downward side of the blades 170A, B when the double knife gate valve 160 is positioned and operational on the pyrolysis waste treatment system 100.

  Blades 170A, B each have a longitudinal axis 179. As shown in FIG. 7, the side edge portion 178 is an outer edge portion of the upper side 171 and the lower side 172 that are parallel to the shaft 179. Although not shown in detail in FIGS. 7-10, those skilled in the art will readily recognize that the blades 170A, B each have four side edges 171 parallel to the shaft 179, depending on the thickness of the blade.

  The blades 170A, B contemplated here have blade sides 175 on the upper side 171 (as in the case of blade 170A shown in FIG. 9) or lower side 172 (in the case of blade 170B shown in FIG. 9), respectively. A blade edge 174 defined as a ridge close to each other. The contemplated blade edge 174 is formed at an angle that creates a relatively sharp ridge to facilitate cutting / shearing the waste material. This angle is generally defined as the angle created by the adjacent sides forming the blade edge 174. For example, in FIG. 8, the blade edge 174 of the blade 170A is defined by a ridge that forms an angle 182 where the blade side 175 approaches the upper side 171. The angle 182 can be angled between 90 and 25 degrees, more preferably between 80 and 40 degrees, and most preferably 45 degrees. 45 degrees has been found to be the optimal angle at which the blades 170A, B can more effectively cooperate with each other to cut the waste material and substantially limit the waste material from passing through the system 100. doing.

  Parallel to the blade edge 174 is an obtuse blade edge 176. Blade edge 176 has either blade side 175 of lower side 172 (as in blade 170A shown in FIG. 9) or upper side 171 (as in blade 170B shown in FIG. 9). It is defined as the ridges that approach each other.

  The blade has an end perpendicular to the direction of motion. That is, the blade edge 174 can be perpendicular to the axis 179. The blade preferably has an end which is not perpendicular to the direction of movement as shown in the drawing. The blade edge 174 is preferably formed obliquely with respect to the shaft 179. As shown in FIG. 7, the blade edge 174 forms an inclination angle 181 with respect to the shaft 179. The tilt angle 181 can be angled between 40 degrees and 90 degrees, more preferably 60 degrees to 80 degrees, even more preferably at least 70 degrees, and most preferably 75 degrees. 75 degrees has been found to be the optimum angle at which the blades 170A, B can cooperate more effectively with each other to cut the waste material and substantially limit the waste material from passing through the system 100. doing. In FIG. 7, since the shaft 179 is parallel to the side edge 178, the angle formed by the side edge 178 and the blade edge 174 is the same as the tilt angle 181.

  The end of the blade described above can also be described as having a sloped leading edge. The beveled leading edge can have a preferred angle of 45 degrees (angle 182). These beveled leading edges can be mating edges for the two blades to mat.

  With respect to the pairing, FIGS. 8 to 10 show that the matching ends of the two blades abut or overlap so that only a minimal amount of passing space is left between the two blades. It has shown that it has joined. The blades may or may not be in direct contact with each other to achieve mating. The purpose of the pairing is to ensure that the valve opening is substantially closed to restrict waste from passing through the valve opening. Pairing can be done by various mating configurations of the two blades. FIG. 9 shows a pair of straight beveled ends when the blade side is straight in a side view, but the matching beveled ends are curved, zigzag, conical, A frustum shape or any other shape may be used. Similarly, when viewed from above, the leading edge of the blade is a straight edge as shown in FIG. 7, such as a mating end that is corrugated, irregular, toothed, curved, crushed, etc. Can have a different configuration.

  As shown below with respect to FIGS. 9 and 10, the cooperating blades 170A, B can contact each other in different ways. In FIG. 9, when the blades 170A, B are actuated to substantially close the double knife gate valve 160, the blade sides 175 of the blades 170A, B are in contact with and abutting each other. After the blade sides 175 abut each other, the double knife gate valve is closed, as also shown in FIG.

  In FIG. 10, when the blades 170A, B are actuated to substantially close the double knife gate valve 160, the upper side 171 of the blade 170A is in close proximity to the lower side 172 of the blade 170B. Whether or not the upper side 171 of the blade 170A can physically contact the lower side 172 of the blade 170B, the double knife gate valve effectively cuts the waste material, and the waste material Substantially restricting the passage. Compared to FIG. 9, the blade sides 175 of FIG. 10 do not abut each other and travel past the point where they meet, creating an overlapping area where these two cooperating blades overlap.

  Although these drawings show blades 170A and 170B as mirror images of each other, the dimensions, configuration, and shape of these two cooperating blades 170A, B, the power of angle 182, the power of obtuse angle 183, the slope It is important to recognize that the power of corners 181 can be different from each other. Its purpose is to have movable cooperating blades that can or may not physically contact each other so as to be suitable for cutting the waste material and to limit the passage of the waste material. Is to have. For example, such objectives can be achieved by having opposing blades, each having a different sized and shaped blade edge, overlapping each other as shown in FIG.

  The component contemplated here of the double knife gate valve can be made from materials suitable to withstand environmental factors (temperature, humidity, and chemical properties) in typical pyrolysis waste treatment processes. it can. Such materials include all natural and synthetic polymers, various metals and metal alloys, natural materials, textile fibers, glass and ceramic materials, and suitable combinations thereof. Most preferably, the blade is made from stainless steel.

  Thus, specific embodiments and applications of double knife gate valves have been disclosed above. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many more modifications besides those already described are possible without departing from the inventive concepts herein. Accordingly, the subject matter of the invention is not limited except as by the spirit of the claims. Moreover, in interpreting both the specification and the claims, all terms should be interpreted in the broadest sense consistent with this context. In particular, the terms “comprising” and “comprising” refer to an element, component, or step as referred to herein in a non-exclusive sense. Should be construed as indicating that it may be presented, utilized, or combined with other elements, components, or steps not expressly set forth in FIG. The present specification refers to A, B, C,. . . Where the text refers to only one element from this group where at least one selected from the group consisting of N is claimed or referred to, A plus N, or B plus N It should be construed as not referring to etc.

Claims (14)

An apparatus for processing waste material,
A pyrolysis chamber;
A feedstock inlet operably coupled to the pyrolysis chamber to supply waste material to the pyrolysis chamber;
Over through the waste material that intervention of the inlet lumen coupled to the feed inlet so as to substantially limit, the first knife gate valve and a second knife gate valve of the first valve downstream ,
A feed outlet operatively coupled to the pyrolysis chamber to discharge waste material of the pyrolysis chamber ;
A third knife gate valve coupled to the feed material outlet to regulate the flow of waste material from the pyrolysis chamber ;
With
The first knife gate valve has a first knife blade and a second knife blade that mate with each other and cut waste material within the lumen of the inlet;
The second knife gate valve has a third knife blade and a fourth knife blade that mate with each other and close the pyrolysis chamber on the inlet side while the first knife gate valve is open. And
The first and second knife gate valves cooperate to limit the amount of air flowing to the pyrolysis chamber such that pyrolysis in the pyrolysis chamber is facilitated ;
apparatus. The first knife blade and the second knife blades, you have a second cutting ridge of the first cutting ridges and the second knife blade of the first knife blade forming the respective acute angle, wherein Item 2. The apparatus according to Item 1. The apparatus of claim 2, further comprising an actuator coupled to the first knife blade, the actuator being driven by at least one of electrical force, hydraulic pressure, and air pressure. Wherein the first and second disconnect ridge portion, with the longitudinal axis of the blade paired at an angle of 90 degrees 4 0 degrees, the longitudinal axis of the blade is parallel to the moving direction of the blade, The apparatus of claim 2. It said first cutting ridge portion, to translate beyond the second cutting ridge Apparatus according to claim 2. Wherein the first knife blade and the second knife blade is moved towards one another, respectively, according to claim 1. The first knife blade and the second knife blade, which pair with overlapping surfaces, according to claim 1. Said first and second cutting ridge is inclined at an angle of 40 degrees and 80 degrees relative to the longitudinal axis of the blade, the longitudinal axis of the blade is parallel to the moving direction of the blade, according to claim 2 The device described in 1. Wherein the first knife blade is movable, the second knife blade is stationary, apparatus according to claim 1. The first knife blade and the second knife blade are each movable in opposite directions Apparatus according to claim 1. Said first disconnect ridge is inclined at an angle of at least 70 ° to the longitudinal Tejiku of the blade, the longitudinal axis of the blade is parallel to the moving direction of the blade, according to claim 1 apparatus. Wherein the first and second knife gate valves, the air present in the pyrolysis chamber, that limits less than 25% of the total volume of the pyrolysis chamber, according to claim 1. Wherein the first and second knife gate valves, the air present in the pyrolysis chamber, that limits less than 15% of the total volume of the pyrolysis chamber, according to claim 1. Further comprising a fourth knife gate valve located downstream of the pyrolysis chamber, according to claim 1.

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