JP3432786B2 - Thermite storage device - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a thermite agent storage device used in a melting process utilizing heat generated by a thermite reaction. The thermite reaction is a chemical reaction that occurs when aluminum and a metal oxide such as iron oxide are ignited at a high temperature.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An example of waste treatment for household waste, business waste, and industrial waste as general waste is as follows. Pre-treatment such as shearing or crushing will be carried out to sort valuable materials from waste, and recycle them for resource recovery and waste reduction. The remaining waste can be incinerated at the incineration facility, and the residuals can be filled up at the final disposal site.

[0003]

However, the above-mentioned waste treatment has the following problems. That is, even in the present incineration facility, residuals such as ash of 15% to 7% remain,
It is certain that the final disposal sites in each region will be filled in the future, while the location of new final disposal sites is becoming difficult. In view of such a current situation, the applicant has developed and provided a waste melting plant capable of further increasing the volume reduction rate of waste and prolonging the life of the final disposal site.

An object of the present invention is to provide a thermite agent storage device which can be incorporated in the above-mentioned waste melting plant, and which has a higher automatic operation rate. Another object of the present invention is to provide a thermite agent storage device that can improve the ease of handling of the entire waste melting plant.

[0005]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the thermite agent storage device of the present invention stores the metal oxide and aluminum before mixing in the first storage section and the second storage section. In this way, the metal oxide and the aluminum which are separated and stored in the first and second storage parts are supplied to the mixing ratio setting part, and the setting part adjusts the mixing ratio to a predetermined mixing ratio. The metal oxide and aluminum, which have been adjusted to have a predetermined mixing ratio by the setting unit, are stirred by the stirring unit. Each of the first and second reservoirs has a narrow opening at the bottom and is attached to a pedestal. The mixing ratio setting section is a thermite agent charging box including an upper surface having openings for facing the narrow openings, both end portions having the openings, and a lower surface having a thermite agent flow-down opening in the center thereof, and this charging box. And a pair of pushers that slide through the openings of the both side end portions using the lower surface as a guide surface, the pair of pushers being an opening / closing device for the narrow mouth and the loading box. pushing Monodea each thermite agent coming flows into the lower pillar portion via said thermite material falling port
And is attached to the mount. The agitation blade of the agitation unit is housed in the lower columnar portion attached to the thermite agent flow-down port provided in the center of the thermite agent injection box. The pair of pushers closes the narrow mouths of the reservoirs, and slides away from each other to open the narrow mouths, and slides by a width corresponding to the mixing ratio to stop. An amount of each thermite agent according to the slide width flows into the charging box and the lower columnar portion, and when the inflow is almost stopped, slide the narrow port to close the narrow mouth and push the thermite agent to the lower columnar portion. (Invention according to claim 1).

Conventionally, a metal oxide as a thermite agent and aluminum were mixed in advance, and the mixed thermite agent was put into the reservoir. According to the present invention,
It suffices to add the metal oxide and the aluminum to separate reservoirs, and after the addition, the mixing process can be automated. Therefore, the complexity of the mixing process can be eliminated.

According to the pair of pusher devices, when adjusting the extrusion amount to the stirring section, the adjustment can be performed relatively easily and accurately.

It is preferable that the mixed thermite agent is charged into the melting furnace through a rotary feeder (the invention of claim 2 ). It is easy to control the discharge operation of the Te Rumitto agent, it is possible to control the thermite reaction safely, reliably.

It is preferable to provide a gate portion between the stirring portion and the rotary feeder (the invention of claim 3 ).
The gate section controls the flow path of the thermite agent from the stirring section to the rotary feeder, and the timing of the stirring operation by the stirring section and the discharge operation by the rotary feeder is adjusted by opening and closing the gate section. You can

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a thermite agent storage device (hereinafter, also referred to as this device) according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
It will be described based on. 1 is a front view of the apparatus, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the apparatus, and FIG. 3 is a side view of the apparatus. In each of these drawings and each of the drawings to be described later, the same reference numerals indicate the same components, and duplicate description will be omitted.

In the thermite agent storage device 1, the mixing ratio of the metal oxide and aluminum, and the first and second storage parts 2 and 3 for separately separating and storing the metal oxide and aluminum before mixing. A mixing ratio setting unit 4, a stirring unit 5 for stirring the metal oxide and aluminum whose mixing ratio is set by the setting unit 4, a gate unit 6 for opening and closing the stirring unit 5, and a stirring unit It comprises a hopper 7 for temporarily storing and flowing down the thermite agent, and a rotary feeder 8 for supplying a fixed amount of thermite agent to a melting furnace or the like. In this device, the first and second reservoirs 2,
The metal oxide and aluminum charged in 3 are automatically adjusted to a predetermined mixing ratio in the mixing ratio setting unit 4, and are automatically mixed in the stirring unit 5. Therefore, the complicated work of mixing the thermite agent can be automated.

In this embodiment, the first reservoir 2 stores iron oxide as a metal oxide, and the second reservoir 3
Will store aluminum. The first storage part 2 and the second storage part 3 have substantially the same structure, and aluminum may be stored in the first storage part 2 and iron oxide may be stored in the second storage part 3. Below, the 2nd storage part 3 is represented by the 1st storage part 1 and demonstrated.

The first storage portion 2 has a wide opening 20 having a substantially rectangular shape in an upper portion and a narrow opening 21 having a substantially square shape in a lower portion,
It is shaped like a hopper. The wide mouth 20 is an opening for introducing the iron oxide, and a lid 22 is provided at the opening, and is always closed except for introducing the thermite agent. On the other hand, the narrow mouth 21 stores the stored iron oxide,
A pair of pusher devices 40 and 41, which will be described later and constitute the mixing ratio setting unit 4, serve as the opening / closing device. The first storage part 2 and the second storage part 3 configured as described above are mounted on the pedestal 9 while facing substantially vertical side faces with the columnar part 50 accommodating the stirring part 5 as a center. Installed on.

The aluminum and the metal oxide such as iron oxide as the thermite agent are crushed into powder and used.
It may be a mixture of aluminum and a metal oxide, or those which are solidified with a solidifying agent such as slaked lime so as to have a thermite composition. The aluminum may be not only high-purity aluminum, but also aluminum such as aluminum slag and aluminum cans that are produced in large amounts in the aluminum remelting process in an aluminum manufacturing plant. On the other hand, metal oxides are not only high-purity iron oxide and copper oxide, but also in steelworks and steelworks.
It may be an iron scale, a copper piece in a copper mill, a copper scale, or the like, which is produced in a large amount when continuously casting molten steel and drawing and cooling it, or when rolling or forging a steel ingot or a steel piece. The average particle size of each thermite agent is 0.0004 to 5 mm, preferably 0.004 to 2 mm. As the average particle size exceeds 2 mm, only the aluminum particles are repelled during the thermite reaction and the reactivity tends to deteriorate. On the other hand, as the particle size becomes smaller than 0.004 mm, it absorbs moisture and ignites and reacts. This is because the sex tends to be inferior. The mixing ratio of aluminum and iron oxide in the thermite agent is preferably about 1: 6.

The mixing ratio setting section 4 comprises a pair of pusher devices 40, 41 and a thermite agent charging box 42 connected between the narrow ports 21, 31.

The thermite agent input box 42 has an opening 4 on the upper surface 42A thereof which faces the narrow openings 21, 31.
2a and 42b are provided, and the pusher device 4 is provided at both end portions.
The openings 42c and 42d for sliding the pushers 40a and 41a of 0 and 41 are provided, and the lower surface 42B is provided with the pushers 40a and 41d.
A thermite agent flow-down port 42e is provided at the center of the lower surface while serving as a guide surface for a and 41a. And the upper and lower surfaces 42
The columnar portion 50 for accommodating the agitating portion 5 is attached to approximately the center of A and 42B.

Therefore, when the narrow openings 21 and 31 of the first and second storage portions 2 and 3 are opened, iron oxide and aluminum are temporarily stored in the box 42 or the thermite agent flow-down opening. It reaches the stirring section 5 via 42e.

The pusher devices 40 and 41 are opening / closing devices for the narrow ports 21 and 31, as described above, and set the mixing ratio of each thermite agent flowing into the charging box 42 to a predetermined value. The pair of pushers 40a and 41a and the air cylinders 40b and 41b, for example, are provided as a driving device for the pushers 40a and 41a. The air cylinders 40b and 41b slide on the base 9, and the pushers 40a and 41a slide on the lower surface 42B of the charging box 42 attached to the base 9.

In the mixing ratio setting section 4 constructed as described above, as shown in FIG. 4, the slide width (slide movement width) of the pusher 40a of the pusher device 40 is set to the slide width of the pusher 41a of one pusher device 41. Set wider than the slide width. That is, the pusher 40a can push in a large amount of iron oxide corresponding to the mixing ratio, and the other pusher 41a can push in a small amount of aluminum corresponding to the mixing ratio.

The stirring section 5 accommodates a stirring blade 51 in a lower columnar section 50A of the columnar section 50, and a reduction gear 52 is attached to an upper upper columnar section 50B.
The drive shaft 53 is arranged over 50B. The agitating blade 51 agitates each thermite agent dropped into the lower columnar portion 50A by the pushers 40a and 41a. The agitating blade 51 includes a plurality of blades arranged at intervals of about 120 degrees with respect to the drive shaft 53. Become. Rotation speed of the blades 51,
That is, the mixing rotation speed can be controlled by the speed reducer 52. The volume of the lower columnar portion 50A corresponds to the pushing amount of the pusher devices 40 and 41.

The gate portion 6 includes the lower columnar portion 50A.
The columnar portion 50A is arranged at the bottom of the lower columnar portion 50A and opens and closes the columnar portion 50A. The lower columnar portion 50A is closed during the operation of the stirring unit 5. Then, for example, when the thermite agent stored in the hopper 7 becomes substantially "empty", the lower columnar portion 50A is opened. Such a gate unit 6 is composed of, for example, a knife gate automatic valve or the like.

The rotary feeder 8 quantitatively drops the thermite agent flowing down from the hopper 7 into a charging pipe of a melting furnace or the like, and the discharge amount thereof is 7 L / max.
It can be controlled up to min, but 0.5 to 1 L / min is preferable. In this case, as the discharge amount increases, the supply amount of the thermite agent increases, and the reaction heat increases.

Next, an example of the operation of the thermite agent storage device having the above structure will be described. In advance, an appropriate amount of iron oxide is put in the first storage part 2 and an appropriate amount of aluminum is put in the second storage part 3. Before the operation, the gate portion 6 is closed, and the pushers 40a and 41a are connected to the narrow mouths 2 of the storage portions 2 and 3, respectively.
1,31 are closed. When the first batch operation is started, the pusher 40 that has closed the narrow ports 21 and 31.
Narrow mouth 2 by sliding a and 41a away from each other
Open 1,31 (first and second by pusher in FIG. 5)
Opening the reservoir). When the pushers 40a and 41a are slid by the width corresponding to the mixing ratio, for example, the limit switch is actuated and the pushers 40a and 41a are stopped at predetermined positions (the pushers are stopped according to the mixing ratio). As a result, pushers 40a and 41, respectively
The amount of each thermite agent according to the slide width of a flows into the thermite agent input box 42 and the lower columnar portion 50A. When the inflow is almost stopped, the narrow mouths 21, 31
Pushers 40a and 41a slide to close the
The thermit agent remaining in the thermit agent input box 42 is dropped into the lower columnar portion 50A (pushing by a pusher).

After that, the transmission 52 of the stirring section 5 drives the rotating shaft 53 to rotate the stirring blade 51 to stir the iron oxide and the aluminum for a predetermined time (stirring by the stirring blade). In this case, the variable device 52 can be controlled to adjust the rotation speed of the stirring blade 51 to adjust the mixing condition.

At about the same time as the stirring is completed, the gate portion 6 is opened (the gate portion is opened), and the thermite agent is stored in the hopper 7. Then, the rotary feeder 8 is operated and a predetermined amount of thermite agent is charged into the thermite charging pipe of the melting furnace (supply of thermite agent).

At this time, in the operation after the "opening of the first and second reservoirs by the pusher" and thereafter, in the same procedure as described above,
When the next batch is started and the thermite agent stored in the hopper 7 is removed, the gate 6 is discharged.
Is opened and the mixed thermite agent is stored in the hopper 7 again, and the thermite agent is continuously supplied by the rotary feeder 8.

According to the thermite agent storage device 1 described above, the work of mixing and stirring the thermite agent with an accurate mixing ratio is automated, and the labor of the mixing and stirring operation is greatly reduced.

The thermite agent storage device 1 having the above structure is used in a waste melting plant as shown in FIG. 6, for example. In this waste melting plant, a thermite agent is charged from the thermite agent storage device 1 to the waste charged into the waste melting furnace 108 via the kneader 107 to melt the waste. By using the thermite agent storage device 1, the automation rate of the waste melting plant can be increased. In this plant, "100" is a garbage pit for general waste such as raw garbage and industrial waste, "101" is a crusher, "102" is a waste hopper, "103" is a conveyor, and "104" is waste. A waste drying furnace that dries and carbonizes, "105" is a hopper, "106" is a reservoir, "109" is a secondary combustion furnace,
“110” is from the waste melting furnace 108 to the secondary combustion furnace 1
A slag pan for accumulating molten slag that has passed through 09, "111" is an ash duct, "112, 113" are heat exchangers, and "114" is a dust collector.

[0029]

According to the invention described in claim 1, the metal oxide and the aluminum may be charged into separate reservoirs,
After the addition, the mixing and stirring process can be automated. Therefore, the complexity of the mixing and stirring process can be eliminated. Further, it is possible to avoid the risk associated with the mixing and stirring process of the thermite agent.

Further , when controlling the extrusion amount to the stirring section, the control is relatively simple, and the predetermined mixing ratio of the thermite agent can be set accurately.

According to the second aspect of the invention, the discharge operation of the thermite agent can be easily controlled, and the thermit reaction can be controlled safely and reliably.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the timing of the stirring operation by the stirring section and the discharging operation by the rotary feeder can be adjusted. That is, if the amount supplied by the rotary feeder is large, the stirring operation can be accelerated to open and close the gate section quickly. Conversely, if the supply amount by the rotary feeder is small, the tempo of the stirring operation can be lowered and the opening and closing of the gate section can be delayed. can do.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a thermite agent storage device according to an embodiment,

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the device,

FIG. 3 is a side view of the device,

FIG. 4 is an operation explanatory view of the device,

FIG. 5 is an operation flowchart of the device,

FIG. 6 is a structural example diagram of a waste melting plant using the same apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Thermite agent storage device 2, 3 1st, 2nd storage part 20 30 Wide mouth 21 31 Narrow mouth 22 32 Lid 4 Mixing ratio setting part 40 41 Pusher device 42 Thermite agent input box 42A Upper surface 42a, 42b
Openings 40a, 41a Pushers 42c, 42d
Opening 42B Lower surface 42e Thermit agent flow-down ports 40b, 41b Air cylinder 5 Stirring part 50 Columnar part 50A Lower columnar part 51 Stirring blade 50B Upper columnar part 52 Reducer 53 Drive shaft 6 Gate part 7 Hopper 8 Rotary feeder 9 Stand 100 Garbage pit 101 Crushing Machine 102 Hopper 103 Conveyor 104 Waste drying furnace 105 Hopper 106 Reservoir 107 Kneader 108 Melting furnace 109 Secondary combustion furnace 110 Dust pan 111 Ash duct 112,113 Heat exchanger 114 Dust collector

Continuation of the front page (56) Reference JP 2000-39267 (JP, A) JP 2000-97425 (JP, A) JP 11-5147 (JP, A) JP 6-49548 (JP, A) ) Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 5-239561 (JP, A) Actual development Sho 55-123942 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) C22B 1/00-61/00

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A first storage part for storing a metal oxide,
A second storage part for storing aluminum; a mixing ratio setting part for setting a mixing ratio of the metal oxide supplied from the first storage part and the aluminum supplied from the second storage part; A thermite agent storage device including a stirring unit that stirs a metal oxide and aluminum set to a predetermined mixing ratio by a setting unit, wherein the first and second storage units each include a narrow mouth at a lower portion, Further, it is attached to a gantry, and the mixing ratio setting section is composed of an upper surface provided with openings facing the narrow openings, both side ends provided with openings, and a lower surface provided with a thermite agent flow-down opening in the center thereof. A charging box and the lower surface of the charging box as a guide surface,
A pair of pushers that slide through the openings on both side ends are provided, and the pair of pushers are opening / closing devices for the narrow mouths, and each thermite agent flowing into the charging box is flowed down by the thermite agent. The lower part is to be pushed into the lower columnar part through a mouth and is attached to the gantry , and the stirring blade of the stirring part is attached to the thermite agent flow-down port provided in the center of the thermite agent feeding box. The pair of pushers are accommodated in a columnar part, and the pair of pushers close the narrow mouths of the reservoirs and slide them away from each other to open the narrow mouths, and the width corresponding to the mixing ratio. While sliding and stopping only, the amount of each thermite agent according to the slide width flows into the charging box and the lower columnar portion,
A thermite agent storage device characterized in that, when the inflow is substantially stopped, the thermite agent is slid so as to close the narrow port and the thermite agent is pushed into the lower columnar portion. 2. The thermite agent storage device according to claim 1, wherein the mixed thermite agent is charged into the melting furnace through a rotary feeder. 3. The thermite agent storage device according to claim 2, wherein a gate portion is provided between the stirring portion and the rotary feeder.