JP3329789B2 - Waste melting plant - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waste melting plant, and more particularly to a plant for melting waste by utilizing heat generated by a thermite reaction.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The treatment of general waste such as industrial waste and household waste is mainly from landfill to landfill through incineration to reduce the volume of waste. .

[0003]

However, there is a limit to the amount of incineration loss, and the latest incineration facility leaves about 7% residual ash etc., and even if it is landfilled, the current final disposal site is May be full. It is also difficult to locate a new landfill site. Further, the residue such as ash contains harmful substances such as heavy metals as residues, and may contaminate the environment around the final treatment plant. Furthermore, in 2000, a recycling-oriented society aimed at effective use of waste was planned, and legislation related to a recycling-oriented society, including the Containers and Packaging Recycling Law, is being enforced. You will be asked more and more.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a waste melting plant that can easily produce harmless and stabilized slag from waste such as garbage and responds to the demands of a recycling-oriented society. It is another object of the present invention to provide a low-cost, easy-to-handle waste melting plant and a waste melting plant capable of further increasing the volume reduction rate of waste.

[0005]

In order to solve the above problems, the melting plant of the present invention employs a pretreatment such as a pulverization process.
Waste was put into a waste drying furnace and carbonized
After that, it is put into the waste melting furnace through the storage unit and the kneading machine.
On the other hand, the aluminum that constitutes the thermite is stored
Aluminum from the first reservoir to be removed
From the second storage part where the metal oxide constituting
Oxides are supplied to the adjusting device and the mixing ratio is adjusted.
And mixed by a stirrer into the waste melting furnace.
Is turned on, the waste is, due to the heat generated by the thermite reaction of the thermite agent, is melted becomes molten slag, the molten slag, through a secondary combustion furnace which is connected to the waste melting furnace, Drops in the slag pot and accumulates
A waste melting plant, the waste storage of the melting furnace.
The waste material dropped into the area is divided into small pieces and
Dropping split extrusion pusher and waste storage on the hearth
A first thermite inlet pipe located closer to the area, and the hearth
A second thermite input pipe located downstream of the section;
Thermit waste deposited on both sides of the hearth
Side push to the center of the hearth where the reactants are dropped
Characterized by comprising a turbocharger (or, the invention of claim 1).

Here, the waste means general waste such as household waste and industrial waste. Thermite reaction refers to a chemical reaction that occurs when aluminum and a metal oxide such as iron oxide are ignited at a high temperature. The thermite agent is used by pulverizing aluminum and a metal oxide into a powder. A mixture of aluminum and a metal oxide or a product obtained by consolidating them with a consolidating agent such as slaked lime so as to form a thermite mixture may be used. Aluminum is not limited to high-purity aluminum, and may be aluminum slag generated in a large amount in the step of remelting aluminum in an aluminum manufacturing plant, or aluminum such as an aluminum can. On the other hand, metal oxides are not only high-purity iron oxides and copper oxides, but also in steel mills and steel mills when continuously casting molten steel and drawing and cooling it, or rolling or forging ingots or billets. Iron scale, copper flakes from a copper mill, copper scale, or the like, which is generated in a large amount during the process, may be used.

In the waste melting plant of the present invention, the waste is preliminarily carbonized by a waste drying furnace after a pretreatment such as a pulverizing treatment. It can be melted efficiently. The molten slag is air-cooled and solidified while falling through the secondary combustion furnace or after falling into the slag pot, and becomes slag. Therefore, the cooling rate is slower than in the case of water cooling, and it is possible to prevent a situation in which the molten slag is rapidly cooled, fragmented and reduced in strength (hardness), and to produce slag with high added value as a secondary product. Can be.

Accordingly, it is possible to provide a waste melting plant that can be easily reused from waste such as garbage and that can produce harmless and stabilized slag. Further, since the waste melting plant is small, low-cost, and easy to handle, it can be easily introduced by a company or the like responsible for waste disposal, and can meet the demands of a recycling-oriented society.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, in the melting plant of the present invention, a waste storage device is charged into a waste drying furnace.
The waste that has passed through the storage section and the kneading machine is
Is turned within, while the first reservoir or Raa aluminum aluminum constituting the thermite agent is reservoir is a second reservoir or al metals oxidized metal oxide constituting the thermite agent is reserving The material is supplied to the adjusting device and mixed
The ratio is adjusted, mixed by a stirrer and thrown into the waste melting furnace, and the waste is melted by the heat generated by the thermite reaction of the thermite agent to become a molten slag, and the molten slag is , through the secondary combustion furnace which is connected to the waste melting furnace, a waste melting plant is accumulated falls into tapping pan, the melting furnace
The waste dropped into the waste storage area is subdivided.
And a split extrusion pusher that falls into the hearth,
First thermite input pipe located near the waste storage area
And a second thermite throw located downstream of the hearth.
Incoming pipes and the waste deposited on both sides of the hearth
To the center of the hearth where the thermite reactant is dropped
A side pusher is provided (the invention according to claim 2).

[0010] Here, the term "waste" refers to a residue obtained by incineration ash remaining after incineration in an incineration facility, fly ash, power ash, and sewage sludge. Green tape, which is waste containing asbestos and hexavalent chromium, may be crushed. The significance of the thermite reaction, the thermite agent, aluminum and metal oxide is the same as in the above invention.

In the waste melting plant of the present invention, incineration ash, fly ash, sewage sludge, etc. can be melted. Service can be improved.
Further, in addition to having the same operation and effect as the above invention,
In particular, since the mixing operation of aluminum and metal oxide constituting the thermite agent is automated, it is possible to provide a waste melting plant that is easy to handle.

[0012]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A first embodiment of a waste melting plant according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a structural example view of the plant, FIG. 2 is a central longitudinal sectional view of a waste drying furnace constituting the plant, FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b) are front views of a slag pot constituting the plant, It is a side view.
In each of these drawings and each of the drawings described later, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 1, the plant includes a crusher 2 for crushing general waste and industrial waste, such as garbage, conveyed from a garbage pit 1 and storing the crushed waste. Waste hopper 3, a waste drying furnace 4 for drying and carbonizing waste conveyed from the hopper 3 via the conveyors 30, 30, a hopper 5, a storage unit 6, a kneading machine from the drying furnace 4. A waste melting furnace 9 for melting the carbonized waste supplied through the thermistor agent from the thermite agent storage portion 8 through the thermistor agent storage portion 8 and a secondary combustion furnace for inducing and burning the exhaust gas generated in the melting furnace 9 10, a slag pot 11 for accumulating molten slag that drops from the waste melting furnace 9 through the secondary combustion furnace 10, an ash duct 12 for collecting ash in the exhaust gas, and cooling the exhaust gas Heat exchangers 13 and 14 and exhaust Dust collection device 1 to remove the fly ash and the like in the scan
5 is provided.

As shown in FIG. 1, the waste drying furnace 4 comprises an outer cylinder 40 and an inner cylinder 41, and is inclined at a predetermined angle (0.8 to 2.3 degrees) and installed on the ground or the like. The inner cylinder 41 is disposed inside the outer cylinder 40 so as to be rotatable about its central axis.

As shown in FIG. 2, the outer cylinder 40 introduces hot air from the outside into a hot air passage 400 formed between the outer cylinder 40 and the inner cylinder 41, and moves the inside of the inner cylinder 41 from upstream to downstream. The flowing waste is dried and heated to be carbonized. Therefore, the hot air path 400
Are provided with a hot air inlet 401 and an exhaust port 402 which are continuous with each other, and a plurality of burners 403... And a blower 404 for supplying air to these burners 403 are provided.

As shown in FIG. 1, the hot air inlet 401 is connected to the heat exchanger 13 through the air supply passages 130, 130.
The hot air created by is introduced. Since carbonization of about 450 ° C. is required for carbonizing the waste, the inner cylinder 41 is heated by the burner 403. The air that has heated the inner cylinder 41 is exhausted from the exhaust port 402 via an exhaust path 405.

At the upstream end of the inner cylinder 41, a waste input port 410 is provided, and through the conveyors 30, 30,
The waste put into the inlet 410 is dried by heat of about 450 degrees while being stirred by rotation of the inner cylinder 41.
It is ignited, burned, carbonized, and discharged from a waste discharge port 411 at the downstream end.

A gas exhaust port 412 for exhaust gas generated in the inner cylinder 41 is provided at an upstream end of the inner cylinder 41, and is led to the secondary combustion furnace 10 through an exhaust passage 414 by an induced blower 413. Burned and rendered harmless. Note that FIG.
“4K” is a stand, “4R” is a roller, “4F” is a stirring claw, and “4W” is a stirring blade.

According to the waste drying furnace 4, general waste such as household waste and industrial waste can be carbonized, so that the waste can be easily reused from household waste and harmless stabilization. It can function as an incinerator of a waste melting plant that produces waste slag. In addition, since an “external heat type” in which hot air from the outside is taken in is used, running costs such as fuel efficiency can be reduced.

The thermite storage section 8 includes a storage section 80 for storing a thermite agent, and a lower opening 8 of the storage section 80.
A thermite agent pusher device 82 for extruding a thermite agent from No. 1 and a rotary feeder 83 for cutting out an appropriate amount of the thermite agent extruded by the pusher device 82 and dropping it into a thermite agent inlet pipe 906 of the waste melting furnace 9. .

The above-mentioned thermite is used in the form of a powder as described above.
5 mm, preferably 0.004 to 2 mm.
As the average particle size exceeds 2 mm, only the aluminum particles are repelled during the thermit reaction, and the reactivity tends to deteriorate. On the other hand, as the particle size becomes smaller than 0.004 mm, moisture is absorbed to cause ignitability and reaction. This is because the property tends to be inferior. The mixing ratio of aluminum and iron oxide of the thermite agent is preferably about 1: 6.

The waste melting furnace 9 comprises a furnace body 90 and a frame body 91 (not shown) for supporting the furnace body 90. Waste storage area 9 for temporarily storing waste carbonized waste
A furnace chamber 903 having a furnace floor portion 902 and an inclined hearth portion 902 is formed, and a molten slag flow outlet 904 for flowing molten slag is provided at a downstream end of the hearth portion 902.

A waste pusher device 905 is provided on the side of the waste storage area 901, and the thermite injection pipe 906 and the heating burner 9 are provided above the hearth 902.
07 is provided. Downstream of the hearth 902 and diagonally above, a combustion air supply pipe 908 is attached. The heating burner 907 is used mainly for igniting the thermite agent, etc., and extinguishes the fire when a chemical reaction is continuously generated by the thermite agent, and is an auxiliary combustion means. The combustion air supply pipe 908 mainly promotes combustion of the heating burner 907.

The furnace body is made of a refractory material such as a refractory castable such as SiC. The input port 900 is
In general, it is preferable that the carbonized waste is attached at an angle of about 55 to 85 degrees. With such an angle, the carbonized waste smoothly falls into the waste storage area 901. A step 909 is provided between the waste storage area 901 and the upstream end of the hearth section 902 to prevent the heat of the hearth section 902 from being transmitted to the waste storage area 901 and burning the waste. I do.

The inclination of the hearth 902 is 3 to 10 degrees,
Preferably it is 5 to 8 degrees. This is because the molten slag of the waste that has become a molten liquid flows down quickly.As the inclination angle becomes smaller than 5 degrees, the residence time of the molten slag increases and the molten slag becomes a lump. , Falling down intermittently, causing trouble in the subsequent process, as the inclination angle exceeds 8 degrees, unmelted material is accompanied by viscous molten slag and discharged unmelted This is because there is a tendency.

The waste pusher device 905 is driven by, for example, a hydraulic cylinder, and carbonized waste is dropped into the hearth 902 by the device 905.
Charging waste is smoothly input.

The frame 91 is connected to the pusher device 905.
Is provided (not shown), and a melting furnace cooling unit 911 that mainly covers the bottom of the furnace body 90 is provided.

The cooling unit 911 includes a blower 91
Fresh air is supplied from 2 via an air supply passage 913 to cool the bottom of the furnace body 90. Air (30 to 40 degrees) heated by cooling the furnace bottom and exchanging heat is supplied to an air supply passage 914.
Through the combustion air supply pipe 908 to the furnace chamber 9
03 is injected toward the injected waste and thermite. Therefore, the warmed air promotes the combustion of the burner 907, so that the thermal efficiency is improved and the fuel consumption of the burner 907 can be reduced. The warmed air is also sent to the kneader 7 through air supply pipes 914 and 915, and is used to dry the carbonized waste.

Since the bottom of the furnace body 90 is cooled by the air flowing through the melting furnace cooling section 911, the bottom stream of the molten slag forms a solidified layer on the furnace floor 902, and the molten slag flows over the solidified layer. Flows and is discharged. The hearth 902
Since there is a large temperature gradient between the slag and the molten slag, the solidified layer can be easily peeled off without welding to the hearth 902. In addition, the solidified layer allows the hearth 9
02 can be protected, and deterioration of the hearth 902 can be prevented.

The fresh air from the blower 912 is also supplied to the burner 907 via an air passage 916.

The secondary combustion furnace 10 has a secondary combustion burner 100 on the side wall, a gas discharge port 101 provided in a direction facing the secondary combustion burner 100, and a slag discharge port 102 provided below. ing. The ash duct 12 is connected to the gas outlet 101, and the slag outlet 102
The slag pot 11 is arranged below the bottom.
The exhaust gas generated in the melting furnace 9 is thermally decomposed in the furnace, and the remaining gas is burned and rendered harmless by the secondary combustion burner 100. Note that “103” is a blower for the secondary combustion burner 100.

The ash duct 12 has an ash collection port 120 for collecting and collecting ash falling into the ash duct 12.

A first heat exchanger 13, a second heat exchanger 14, and a dust collector 15 are connected in series to a duct opening 121 of the ash duct 12. On the dust collecting device 15 side, an induction blower 150 is provided, and the induction air passages 151 to 154, the ash duct 12, and the secondary combustion furnace 1 are provided.
Exhaust gas from the melting furnace 9 is attracted through the reference numeral 0. In addition, blowers 131 and 141 are connected to the first and second heat exchangers 13 and 14, respectively. Therefore, the exhaust gas is cooled by the first and second heat exchangers 13 and 14, and the low-melting-point substances contained in the exhaust gas are removed. For example, dioxin is about 300 ° C. to about 500 ° C.
Therefore, the exhaust gas may be cooled by the heat exchangers 13 and 14. Finally, with the dust collector 15,
Fly ash and the like in the exhaust gas are removed, and the detoxified gas is released from the chimney C to the atmosphere. The fly ash may be melted again.

The molten slag flow outlet 904 of the melting furnace and the secondary combustion furnace 10 are -3 to -10 Pa, preferably-
It is preferable to perform suction and exhaust at about 5 to -10 Pa. The insides of the melting furnace 9 and the secondary combustion furnace 10 can always be kept in a reduced pressure state, and the waste gas generated when the waste is melted can be collected without leaking to the outside. Further, by reducing the pressure in the melting furnace 9, it is possible to cope with a rapid increase in the furnace pressure, and to prevent an unexpected accident.
However, if the pressure is reduced to -5 Pa or less, the exhaust gas attraction of the secondary combustion furnace 10 becomes weak, and the exhaust gas may leak due to a rapid change in the furnace pressure due to rapid combustion of waste. On the other hand, if the pressure is reduced to -10 Pa or more, it is necessary to increase the size of the induction blower 150, which increases the cost, and the exhaust gas is exhausted as it is without being sufficiently burned in the secondary combustion furnace 10. May be affected.

The slag pot 11 is shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B.
As shown in the figure, the outer pan 110 and the inner pan 111 are formed to form a double bottom, and the outer pan 110 and the inner pan 11 are formed.
A slag pot cooling unit 112 is formed between the two. As shown in FIG. 1, air is supplied from the blower 103 to the cooling unit 112 via the air supply path 113, and the slag pot 11 is cooled. Therefore, a large temperature difference is generated between the slag put into the slag pot 11 and the outer pot 110, and the molten slag can be prevented from welding to the inner pot 111, and the service life of the slag pot 11 is extended. be able to.
Also, the work of discharging the slag from the slag pot 11 is facilitated.

Between the slag pot 11 and the slag discharge port 102 of the secondary combustion furnace 10, a shutter device 114 for opening and closing the slag discharge port 102 and the slag discharge port 102 and the slag pot 11 are joined. A joining device 115 is provided.

The shutter device 114 opens and closes the opening of the hem cover member 102a attached to the slag discharge port 102, and includes a shutter 114a and the shutter 1a.
Drive means for slidingly driving 14a, for example, an air cylinder 114b, is attached to the gantry 114c.

The joining device 115 has a cylindrical bellows 115a whose upper end is attached to the hem cover member 102a and which can be extended and contracted in the vertical direction. Joint 1 that can be connected to
15b is attached. Then, this joint 115
b is driven up and down by driving means, for example, an air cylinder 115c.

When the slag discharge port 102 of the secondary combustion furnace 10 and the slag pot 11 are connected by the joining device 115, the slag is discharged from the slag discharge port 102 even when the slag is discharged from the slag discharge port 102. The inside of the secondary combustion furnace 10 can be maintained in a reduced pressure state, and no exhaust gas leaks from the secondary combustion furnace 10. When slag is accumulated in the slag pot 11, the slag discharge port 102 is closed by the shutter device 114,
Even if the joining device 115 is raised, the secondary combustion furnace 1
0 is kept closed. Therefore, the secondary combustion furnace 10
Slag pot 11 in which the furnace pressure of the waste melting furnace 10 is easily controlled.
It has become.

It is desirable to provide an airtight seal on the opening edge 116 of the slag pot 11 and the joint 115b.

The crusher 2 may be any of a cutting type, a rotary type and a compression type crusher. Further, the conveyor 30 of the waste hopper 3, the drying furnace 4, and the kneader 7 is preferably a twin screw feeder. This is because it is possible to prevent dulling due to waste and to smoothly and continuously convey.

The operation procedure of the plant configured as described above will be described. First, a thermite agent composed of aluminum and iron oxide mixed in a ratio of aluminum “about 1” to iron oxide “about 6” is prepared and put into the storage section 80 of the thermite agent storage section 8. Further, the burner 100 for secondary combustion attached to the secondary combustion furnace 10 is ignited, and the burner 907 of the melting furnace 9 is also ignited.
Warm inside 10. The blower 912 is turned on toward the blower 103 and the air passage 916 for each burner. In addition, the blowers 131, 150, 404, and 413 are also operated. At the same time, waste such as garbage is crushed by the crusher 2 and stored in the waste hopper 3. Further, the slag pot 11 is disposed below the secondary combustion furnace 10, the shutter 114 a of the shutter device 114 is opened, and the joining portion 115 b of the joining device 115 is connected to the opening edge 1 of the slag pot 11.
16 and the slag pot 11 is set. Further, the air supply valve V2 of the air supply path 113 is opened to supply cooling air to the slag pot cooling unit 112.

After the preparatory work as described above, the gas in the furnace of the secondary combustion furnace 10 is drawn by the suction blower 150, and the ash duct 12, the suction air passage 154, the first heat exchanger 13 The air is sent to the hot air inlet 401 of the drying furnace 4 through the air supply path 130. The hot air passing through the air supply passage 130 near the first heat exchanger 13 is about 650 ° C., but the hot air that reaches the vicinity of the hot air inlet 401 due to heat loss drops to about 250 to 300 ° C. , The burners 403 of the drying furnace 4 are burned to raise the temperature in the inner cylinder 41 to about 450 ° C. necessary for carbonizing the waste.

At the same time, a motor and the like for rotating the inner cylinder 41 of the drying furnace 4 are started, and the conveyors 30, 30 are started.
The pulverized waste is supplied to the inner cylinder 41 of the drying furnace 4 through the above. Since the input waste is carbonized by the drying furnace 4, the carbonized waste is transported to the storage section 6, where the waste is temporarily stored, and then dropped into the kneading machine 7, where the kneading is performed.
It is dried and put into the charging port 900 of the melting furnace 9.

The carbonized waste introduced into the furnace from the charging port 900 is temporarily stored in a waste storage area 901, and the pusher device 905 is driven to remove the carbonized waste from the furnace floor. 902. The carbonized waste dropped into the hearth 902 is high on the upstream side of the hearth 902, and is deposited while gradually decreasing the inclination.

Then, the rotary feeder 83 of the thermite agent storage section 8 is operated to drop the thermite agent from the thermite injection pipe 906 onto the slope of the waste. The discharge amount of the rotary feeder 83 can be controlled up to a maximum of 7 L / min.
n is preferred. In this case, as the discharge amount increases, the supply amount of the thermite agent increases, and the reaction heat increases.

Subsequently, the waste is heated (about 800 ° C.) by the burner 907, and the thermite is ignited to start the thermite reaction. Once the thermite reaction occurs, if the thermite agent is continuously supplied, the thermite reaction continues continuously due to the heat generated by the thermite reaction. At this time, the air supply passage 913
Is opened, the air supply passage 9 passes through the cooling unit 911.
The heated air is supplied to the combustion air line 908 via
To the furnace chamber 903, so that the burner 90
7 is promoted.

The waste begins to melt at about 1300 ° C. due to the high temperature heat generated by the thermite reaction. In addition, 2500-265 degreeC by thermite reaction
Raise the temperature to about 0 ° C. The thermite begins to melt from the dropped area, and the lower waste is melted by the reaction heat of the thermite or the heat of the molten slag. That is, the thermite agent is also melted and the lower waste is melted and eroded while generating the thermite reaction, so that the waste is efficiently melted. The molten slag flows downstream through the hearth 902 and falls into the secondary combustion furnace 10 from the molten slag flow outlet 904.

The melting state of the waste in the melting furnace 9 is monitored by a monitoring camera or the like (not shown) installed in the melting furnace 9. Then, by observing the molten state, the rotation speed (discharge amount) of the rotary feeder 83 can be controlled, and the supply amount of the thermite agent can be adjusted to control the temperature in the furnace. When the chain thermite reaction is stabilized, the fire of the burner 907 is extinguished. In this case, the supply of air to the combustion air supply pipe 908 may be stopped by closing the flow valve V1 provided in the supply path 914.
On the other hand, when the chain reaction of the thermite agent is interrupted, the burner 907 is ignited again to cause a thermite reaction. In an emergency, the supply of the thermite agent can be stopped, and the melting of the melting furnace can be stopped immediately. It should be noted that even if a flame due to the thermite reaction scatters into the thermite agent supply pipe 906, the rotary feeder 83
By stopping the operation of, further spread of the thermite reaction can be prevented.

The molten slag falling into the secondary combustion furnace 10 solidifies while falling in the furnace and falls into the slag pot 11.

When the slag is accumulated in the slag pot 11, the operation of the rotary feeder 83 and the kneader 7 is stopped, and the melting of the waste is stopped. Then, the slag discharge port 102 is closed by the shutter 114a. Further, the air cylinder 115c is turned on, and the joint 1
15b is raised. Since the slag discharge port 102 is closed by the shutter 114a, even if the slag falls from the molten slag flow down port 904, the safety of the worker is maintained.

Thereafter, the feed valve V2 is closed, the joint device connecting the air supply passage 113 and the slag pot cooling unit 112 is removed, and the slag pot 11 is moved. Then, the empty slag pot 11 is set, and the above-described melting operation is started again.

The slag produced by the above plant can be reused by the following method. First, the slag is pulverized in the range of 100 μm to 10 mm, the pulverized slag is deironized by magnetic separation, and the deironed pulverized slag is one of alumina castable material, viscous castable material, and alumina cement. What is necessary is just to knead | mix with the binder and water which contain the above, to harden the kneaded mixture using a type | mold, and to dry after that. Recycled products using the above slag have excellent fire resistance and erosion resistance, can be used for furnace walls of refuse incinerators and the like, and can provide refractories having a high degree of freedom in shape and size.

According to the melting furnace 9 of the above-described waste melting plant, the thermite agent mixed at an optimum ratio is reacted on the waste, and the heat of reaction or the heat of the melt melted by the reaction heat is obtained. By melting the waste underneath by heat, an efficient melting process can be performed. By combining such a melting furnace 9 with the drying furnace 4 functioning as an incinerator, it can be easily reused from general waste such as garbage and industrial waste, and harmless and stabilized slag can be obtained. A waste melting plant that can be produced by a consistent process can be provided. In addition, about 1.5 tons per hour is assumed as a processing amount of garbage and the like.

Next, a second embodiment of the waste melting plant will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 4A is a layout sketch of the plant, and FIG. 4B is a partial view taken along line AA of FIG. FIG. 5 (a) is a front view of a thermite agent storage unit constituting the plant, and FIG. 5 (b) is a plan view thereof.
FIG. 3C is a side view of the same. Fig. 6 (a) is a central longitudinal sectional view of a melting furnace constituting the plant, Fig. 6 (b) is a central transverse sectional view, and Fig. 6 (c) is a sectional view taken along line AA of Fig. 6 (a). It is. FIG. 7A is a longitudinal sectional view at the center of the frame constituting the melting furnace, and FIG. 7B is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.
FIG. 3C is a sectional view taken along line BB and CC of FIG. 1A, and FIG. 3D is a sectional view taken along line DD of FIG. FIG. 8 is a side view of a secondary combustion furnace and an ash duct constituting the plant.

The waste melting plant according to the second embodiment differs from the waste melting plant shown in FIG. 5 in that the thermite agent storage section 8, the melting furnace 9, the secondary combustion furnace 10, and the ash duct 12 of the first embodiment are replaced with each other. To thermite agent storage unit 8 shown in FIG.
A, melting furnace 9A, secondary combustion furnace 10A and ash duct 12A
Is used.

The main difference between the thermite storage section 8A and the storage section 8 is that the mixing operation of the thermite agent is automated. That is, the thermite storage unit 8A
Is a first storage unit 80A that stores a metal oxide such as iron oxide as a thermite agent, a second storage unit 80B that stores aluminum as a thermite agent, and an adjustment that adjusts the mixing ratio of each of the thermite agents. Device 84 and the adjusting device 8
A stirring device 86 for temporarily storing and stirring each of the thermite agents adjusted by 4 in the gate device 85, and a hopper for temporarily storing and flowing down the thermite agent mixed when the gate device 85 is opened. 87 and the rotary feeder 83.

Since the first storage section 80A and the second storage section 80B have substantially the same configuration, only the first storage section 80A will be described. The first storage section 80A is formed in a hopper shape with a wide mouth 800 and a narrow mouth 801 respectively. The wide mouth 800 is provided with a lid 802, and is always closed except for charging a thermite agent. On the other hand, the narrow mouth 80
In 1, the adjusting device 84 is an opening / closing device thereof.
The first storage section 80A and the second storage section 80B configured as described above are mounted on the pedestal 803 with the substantially vertical side surfaces facing each other around the columnar section 860 in which the stirring device 86 is housed. Mounted on

The adjusting device 84 is provided with the narrow openings 801 and 8.
01 thermite agent supply box 841
By sliding the inside of the input box 841 in the horizontal direction, each of the thermite agents flowing into the input box 841 from the narrow openings 801 and 801 can be transferred to the columnar portion 8.
A pair of pushers 842 and 842 that flow into the inside of the vehicle 60 are provided. These pushers 842 and 842 are driven by, for example, an air cylinder. Then, by controlling the amount of pushing of each of the thermite agents by the pair of pushers 842 and 842 as described later, the mixing ratio between the metal oxide and aluminum can be adjusted.

The stirring means 86 is provided with the pusher 84.
A stirring blade 861 for stirring each of the thermite agents dropped by the blades 2,842, a drive shaft 862 to which the blade 861 is attached, the drive shaft 862 is fixed, and the rotation speed of the drive shaft 862, that is, the mixing rotation It comprises a speed reducer 863 for controlling the number.

The gate device 85 includes the columnar part 860.
, Which opens and closes the columnar portion 860, and comprises, for example, an automatic knife gate valve.

When two thermite agent supply pipes 906A and 906B (described later) are used as in this embodiment, two thermite agent reservoirs 8A are provided so that a smooth thermite agent can be dropped. (See FIG. 4B).

Next, an example of the operation of the thermite agent storage section 8A having the above configuration will be described. First, an appropriate amount of iron oxide is stored in the first storage unit 8.
0A and an appropriate amount of aluminum into the second storage unit 80B. The following operation is performed by using the thermite agent storage unit 8A.
Is automatically performed by a control device that controls Before the operation, the gate device 85 is closed, and the pushers 842 and 842 close the narrow openings 801 and 801. When the operation is started, the narrow openings 801 and 801
When the pushers 842 and 842 that have closed are slid to open the narrow mouths 801 and 801 and to slide by a width corresponding to the mixing ratio, for example, a limit switch is activated and stops at a predetermined position. As a result, each of the thermite agents flows into the columnar part 860 and the thermite agent input box 842 according to the slide width of the pushers 842 and 842, respectively. At the time when the inflow is substantially stopped, the pushers 842 and 842 slide so as to close the narrow openings 801 and 801, and the thermite remaining in the thermite agent input box 842 is dropped into the columnar portion 860. Thereafter, the agitating device 86 is turned on to agitate the thermite agent for a predetermined time. In this case, by controlling the variable device 863, the number of rotations of the stirring blade 861 can be adjusted, and the mixing condition can be adjusted. Simultaneously with the completion of the stirring, the gate device 85 is opened, and the thermite agent is stored in the hopper 87. Then, the rotary valve 83 is operated, and a predetermined amount of a thermite agent is injected into a thermite injection pipe described later. The above-described extrusion, stirring, opening, and dropping operations are automatically performed by the control device.

According to the thermite storage section 8A, the operation of mixing the thermite is automated, and the labor required for the mixing is greatly reduced. In this embodiment, the first storage unit 80
Although metal oxide is stored in A and aluminum is stored in the second storage portion 80B, the reverse is also possible.

The melting furnace 9A is different from the melting furnace 9 in that the pusher device 905 is replaced with a split pusher 905A in which a pusher is divided into a plurality of pieces, and that a side pusher 905B is provided and two thermites are inserted. Tube 9
06A and 906B, the combustion air supply unit 908
A, 908A is disposed in the longitudinal direction of the furnace body 90, and a swinging burner 907A is provided. Further, the furnace body 9
An air cooling unit 911A that covers substantially the entirety of zero is provided in the frame body 91.

The split extrusion pusher 905A is shown in FIG.
As shown in (b), the waste storage area 90 of the melting furnace 9A
1 is divided into equal parts and the hearth 9
02, four pushers 905a-9
05d and 4 for driving each of the pushers 905a to 905d.
It is composed of two hydraulic cylinders 905e to 905h, and is attached to the pusher supporting portion 91A of the frame 91.

By driving the four pushers 905a to 905d alternately at regular intervals, the hearth section 90 is driven.
The amount of ash corresponding to the melting rate (capacity) in Step 2 can be dropped. For example, every approximately 20 seconds, 905a, 9
The slide may be performed in the order of 05d, 905b, and 905c. By such a split pusher 905A, generation of unmelted waste is more reliably prevented, and heavy metal is sealed by complete melting.

The side pusher 905B is connected to the hearth 9
02, which pushes the ash deposited on both sides to the center of the hearth 902 where the thermite reactant is dropped, and slides the right and left pushers 905i, 905i, slid in a direction substantially perpendicular to the sliding direction of the split pusher 905A. 905j
And hydraulic cylinders 905k and 905l for driving the respective pushers 905i and 905j, and are attached to the side pusher support portion 91B of the frame body 91.

Accordingly, the ash deposited on both sides of the hearth 902 can be brought to the center, and the unmelted ash can be reduced.

The first thermite charging pipe 906A is located near the waste storage area 901 on the hearth 902 similarly to the charging pipe 906, while the second charging pipe 906B is
It is located downstream of the hearth 902. This is because the molten slag tends to cool down at the downstream side of the hearth 902, and the flow speed becomes slow. Therefore, a thermite agent is dropped also on the downstream side of the hearth 902 to cause a thermite reaction to raise the temperature. , To speed up the flow of molten slag. In addition,
The charging pipe 906B is configured to be slidable in the vertical direction, so that contact between the tip of the charging pipe 906B and the molten slag can be prevented.

The swinging burner 907A is capable of displacing the position of the central axis of the injection port of the burner.
The flame axis can be moved within an angle range of degrees. Therefore, the molten slag is sprayed to a place where it is easy to solidify, and the temperature is raised.
Exposure to a flame can accelerate the thermite reaction and accelerate melting. In particular, since the downstream side of the hearth 902 is easily cooled as described above, it is effective in promoting the thermite reaction on the downstream side.

The combustion air supply section 908A is provided in
As shown in (a), a plurality of ejection ports are provided at predetermined intervals from upstream to downstream of the hearth 902, so that air can be supplied to the entire area of the hearth 902 in the longitudinal direction. ing. Therefore, the swinging burner 907A
The combustion oxygen can be supplied from upstream to downstream of the hearth 902 in accordance with the injection range of the furnace.

The air cooling section 911A is shown in FIG.
As shown in (d), it is provided so as to surround the furnace chamber 903 in a substantially U-shape, thereby expanding the cooling range. Therefore, the furnace bottom can be cooled over a wide range, and the amount of air exchanged with heat increases.

The secondary combustion furnace 10A is different from the secondary combustion furnace 10 in that a secondary combustion burner 100A is mounted at an obliquely upper position, and the flame of the secondary combustion burner 100A is placed inside the combustion furnace. To be able to squirt crosswise. With such a configuration, the discharge direction of the exhaust gas induced from the melting furnace 10A is restricted obliquely downward by the pressure of the flame or forms a spiral, so that the residence time of the exhaust gas can be extended. Therefore, it is possible to more reliably burn off the exhaust gas, and to obtain effects such as suppression of generation of dioxin.

The ash duct 12A is different from the above-described duct 12 in that a grid is attached to the duct opening 121 of the ash duct. This lattice is made by stacking refractory materials such as bricks in a lattice shape. Exhaust gas that hits the lattice stays in the duct 12A for a certain period of time. Efficiency can be improved. Further, at the stage where the exhaust gas collides with the lattice, the non-combustible ash in the gas is knocked down, and efficiently falls into the ash pool of the ash duct 12A.

In the operation of the plant having the above structure, the operation of mixing the thermite agent can be omitted.
Further, a more complete melting process can be performed using the thermite injection pipes 906A and 906B, the split pushers 905A and the side pushers 905B. The other configuration and the operation procedure of the plant are the same as those of the plant according to the first embodiment, and thus the same operation and effect can be obtained.

Next, an example of the configuration of a waste melting brand according to the third embodiment will be described. This plant is designed to reduce incineration ash, sludge from sewage treatment plants, non-combustible waste, waste such as asbestos, waste containing hexavalent chromium, etc., generated by municipalities and other municipalities. Some are melted without being carbonized beforehand. Therefore, a waste drying furnace 4A (not shown) is used in which the burner 403 and the blower 404 for increasing the combustion temperature are removed from the waste drying furnace 4 constituting the first and second embodiments.

Then, waste is charged from the waste storage device into the waste drying furnace 4A. It is preferable that the lump waste is pulverized to a particle size of 50 mm or less before being put into the melting furnace. Other configurations and operation procedures of the plant are the same as those of the plants according to the first and second embodiments, and thus detailed description is omitted.

[0079]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, by combining a melting furnace using a thermite reaction and a waste drying furnace functioning as an incinerator, general waste such as garbage and industrial waste can be recycled. A waste melting plant that is easy to use and that can produce harmless and stabilized slag can be provided. In addition, since it is a small-sized, low-cost, and simple-to-handle waste melting plant, it is a waste treatment facility that meets the needs of a recycling-oriented society. Further, the reclaimed product from the slag is excellent in fire resistance and erosion resistance, can be used for a furnace wall of a refuse incinerator or the like, and has a high degree of freedom in shape and size.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the first aspect
In addition to the same operation and effect as the invention of claim 1,
According to the second aspect, the mixing operation of the temitting agent can be automated.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration example diagram of a waste melting plant according to a first embodiment,

FIG. 2 is a central longitudinal sectional view of a waste drying furnace constituting the plant,

FIG. 3 (a) A front view of a slag pot constituting the plant, (b) a side view thereof,

4A is a sketch of a waste melting plant according to a second embodiment, FIG. 4B is a partial view taken along the line AA in FIG.

FIG. 5 (a) is a front view of a thermite agent storage part constituting the plant, (b) is a plan view, (c) is a side view,

FIG. 6 (a) a central vertical sectional view of a melting furnace included in the plant, (b) a transverse sectional view thereof, (c) a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

FIG. 7 (a) A central longitudinal sectional view of a frame constituting the melting furnace, (b) (c) (d) AA, BB, and C- of the frame.
C, D-D arrow sectional view,

FIG. 8 is a side view of a secondary combustion furnace and an ash duct included in the plant.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Garbage pit 10 Secondary combustion furnace 100 100A Burner 101 Gas outlet 102 Slag outlet 103 Blower 102a Hem cover material 11 Slag pot 110 Outer pot 111 Inner pot 112 Slag pot cooling unit 113 Cooling air passage 114 Shutter device 115 Joining device 114a Shutter 114b Air cylinder 114c Stand 115a Bellows 115b Joining portion 115c Air cylinder 12 12A Ash duct 120 Ash collection port 121 Duct opening 13,14 Heat exchanger 130 Air supply path 15 Dust collector 150 Draft blower 151-154 Air path 131, 141 Blower 2 Crusher 3 Waste hopper 30, 40 Conveyor 4 Waste drying furnace 40 Outer cylinder 41 Inner cylinder 400 Hot air path 401 Hot air inlet 402 Exhaust port 403 Burner 404 Blower 405 Exhaust path 410 Waste Material input port 411 Waste discharge port 412 Gas exhaust port 413 Induction blower 414 Exhaust path 4K gantry 4R Roller 4F Stirring claw 4W Stirring blade 5 Hopper 6 Waste storage section 7 Kneader 8 8A Thermit agent storage section 80 First storage section 80 Storage section 80B 2nd storage section 81 Lower opening 82 Thermist agent pusher device 83 Rotary feeder 84 Adjuster 85 Gate device 86 Stirrer 87 Hopper 800 Wide mouth 801 Narrow mouth 802 Cover 860 Column 803 Mount 841 Thermite injection box 84 861 Stirring blade 862 Drive shaft 863 Reducer 85 Gate device 9 9A Waste melting furnace 90 Furnace body 91 Frame 900 Waste input port 901 Waste storage area 902 Furnace floor 903 Furnace room 904 Melt slag flow outlet 905 Waste pusher Apparatus 9 6 906A 906B thermit agent feeding pipe 907 heating burner 908 908A 908A combustion air feed pipe 909 step 910 pusher supporting portion 911 911A
Melting furnace cooling section 912 Blower 913 Air supply path 914 Air supply path 915 Air supply pipe 916 Air supply path 905A Split extrusion pusher 905B Side pusher 907A Swing burner 905a to 905d Pusher 905e to 905h Hydraulic cylinder 91A5i pusher 90A5 right and left pusher 90A5 Pusher 905k, 905l Hydraulic cylinder 91B Side pusher support

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F23G 5/00 115 B09B 3/00 F23G 5/04 F23G 5/16 F23J 1/00

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A waste which has undergone a pretreatment such as a crushing treatment is put into a waste drying furnace, carbonized, and then put into a waste melting furnace via a storage unit and a kneading machine . Thermi
Storage portion in which aluminum constituting the agent is stored
From aluminum is the metal oxide that forms the thermite
Metal oxides from the second reservoir where the material is stored
The mixture is supplied to the adjusting device and the mixing ratio is adjusted.
The waste is melted and introduced into the waste melting furnace, and the waste is melted by heat generated by the thermite reaction of the thermite agent to become a molten slag, and the molten slag is connected to the waste melting furnace. Waste melting plant that falls and accumulates in the slag pot through the secondary combustion furnace
A is, was dropped on the waste reservoir region of the melting furnace the waste
A split extrusion pusher that is subdivided and falls into the hearth, and a first teller located near the waste storage area on the hearth.
A mitt charging pipe, and a second pipe located downstream of the hearth section.
Thermist input pipe and the waste deposited on both sides of the hearth
A side pipe is placed near the center of the hearth where the reactant is dropped.
Waste melting plant, comprising a washer . 2. The waste from the waste storage device is put into a waste drying furnace, and the waste that has passed through the storage section and the kneading machine is put into a waste melting furnace, while aluminum constituting the thermite agent is stored. the first reservoir or Raa aluminum is the second reservoir or al metal oxides metal oxide constituting the thermite agent is reservoir is supplied to the adjusting device respectively mixed
The ratio is adjusted, mixed by a stirrer and thrown into the waste melting furnace, and the waste is melted by the heat generated by the thermite reaction of the thermite agent to become a molten slag, and the molten slag is Through a secondary combustion furnace connected to the waste melting furnace, a waste melting plant that is dropped and accumulated in a slag pot , wherein the waste dropped into a waste storage area of the melting furnace. Things
A split extrusion pusher that is subdivided and falls into the hearth, and a first teller located near the waste storage area on the hearth.
A mitt charging pipe, and a second pipe located downstream of the hearth section.
Thermist input pipe and the waste deposited on both sides of the hearth
A side pipe is placed near the center of the hearth where the reactant is dropped.
Waste melting plant, comprising a washer .