JP5607064B2 - 分子酸素の還元のための電気化学法 - Google Patents
分子酸素の還元のための電気化学法 Download PDFInfo
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- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 65
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 title claims description 54
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 39
- 238000002848 electrochemical method Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 91
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 68
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 61
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 46
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- -1 oxygen ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 37
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 68
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 52
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 21
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 11
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 7
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007323 disproportionation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004833 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- XVMSFILGAMDHEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-(4-aminophenyl)sulfonylpyridin-3-amine Chemical group C1=CC(N)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(N)C=N1 XVMSFILGAMDHEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003421 catalytic decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical class [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Superoxide Chemical compound [O-][O] OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012733 comparative method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004925 denaturation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036425 denaturation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001941 electron spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000027756 respiratory electron transport chain Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QKKXJRDJGSFFST-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[Mg+2].[Mo+4].[Co+2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2] Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2].[Mo+4].[Co+2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2] QKKXJRDJGSFFST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002717 carbon nanostructure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052752 metalloid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002738 metalloids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005445 natural material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004627 transmission electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Description
の関数として、2元拡散係数の関数として、溶液中に存在する電解質中において電子が電極に取り込まれる/放出される物質の2元拡散係数
の関数として、上記の電解質の動的粘度
の関数として、電子が電解質中において電極に取り込まれる/放出される物質の濃度
の関数として、環状円盤電極の面積(A,[m2])の関数として、環状円盤電極の回転速度(ω,[m2])の関数として、制限電流(iDiff,[A])が、環状円盤電極の表面上の反応において交換される電子化学反応の電子の数(n,[−])の関数として規定される式(V):
ピリジンの650℃での固定床反応器中での触媒分解により、コバルト−モリブデン−マグネシウム酸化物触媒(19重量%のCo、4重量%のMoおよび77重量%のMgOからなる)上で調製された、40mgの窒素ドープカーボンナノチューブをまず、これらが触媒残留物から濃縮塩化水素溶液中での線上により放出された後に50mLのアセトン中に分散し、第1分散体Aを得た。
実施例1における実験と同様の実験を、実施例1で用いた窒素ドープカーボンナノチューブの代わりに、ピリジンの650℃での固定床反応器中での触媒分解により、WO2007093337の実施例1に対応する触媒上で調製された窒素ドープカーボンナノチューブを用いることだけが異なって行った。さらに、測定は、1分当たり2500の環状円盤電極の回転速度で行った。
実施例2における実験と同様の実験を、実施例2で用いた窒素ドープカーボンナノチューブの代わりに、ピリジンの650℃での固定床反応器中での触媒分解により、WO2007093337の実施例2に対応する触媒上で調製された窒素ドープカーボンナノチューブを用いることだけが異なって行った。
実施例1における実験と同様の実験を、実施例1で用いた窒素ドープカーボンナノチューブの代わりに、カーボンブラック(Cabo製Vulcan XC72)を用いることだけが異なって行った。
実施例1における実験と同様の実験を、実施例1で用いた窒素ドープカーボンナノチューブの代わりに、ESCAにより、0.63の第4級窒素に対するピリジンの割合を有する窒素ドープカーボンナノチューブを用いることだけが異なって行った。この窒素ドープカーボンナノチューブは、ピリジンの750℃での固定床反応器中での触媒分解により、WO2007093337の実施例2に対応する触媒上で調製された。
実施例1における実験と同様の実験を、実施例1で用いた窒素ドープカーボンナノチューブの代わりに、市販のカーボンナノチューブ(BayTubes(登録商標)、BayTubes製)を用いることだけが異なって行った。
本発明の好ましい態様は、以下を包含する。
[1]二重負電荷を有する酸素イオンを、8以上のpHを有する溶液中で与える分子酸素の電気化学還元のための方法であって、分子酸素を、前記溶液中において、ピリジンおよび第4級窒素の割合を有する窒素ドープカーボンナノチューブと、電圧の適用により接触させることを特徴とする、前記方法。
[2]窒素ドープカーボンナノチューブは、3〜150nm、好ましくは4〜100nm、特に好ましくは5〜50nmの直径を有することを特徴とする、[1]に記載の方法。
[3]窒素ドープカーボンナノチューブは、少なくとも2、好ましくは少なくとも5、特に好ましくは少なくとも10のアスペクト比を有することを特徴とする、[1]または[2]に記載の方法。
[4]窒素ドープカーボンナノチューブは、ピリジンおよび第4級窒素を、1以上、好ましくは1.5以上、特に好ましくは2以上の割合で有することを特徴とする、[1]〜[3]のいずれかに記載の方法。
[5]窒素ドープカーボンナノチューブは、1原子%以上の割合の窒素を有することを特徴とする、[1]〜[4]のいずれかに記載の方法。
[6]Ag/AgCl参照電極に対して測定した+0.2〜0.8Vの電圧を適用することを特徴とする、[1]〜[5]のいずれかに記載の方法。
[7]8を越えるpHを有する水溶液中における、分子酸素の還元のためのピリジンおよび第4級窒素の割合を有する窒素ドープカーボンナノチューブの使用。
[8]8以上のpHを有する溶液で満たされ、ピリジンおよび第4級窒素の割合を有する窒素ドープカーボンナノチューブの割合を含む電極(1a)が存在する第1電極空間(1)を含み、該電極は、電源(3)により、さらなる電極空間(2)におけるさらなる電極(2a)への導電接続を有し、膜(4)が、第1電極空間およびさらなる電極空間の間に存在することを特徴とする、二重負電荷を有する酸素イオンを与える分子酸素の電気化学還元のための電解装置。
Claims (3)
- 二重負電荷を有する酸素イオンを、8以上のpHを有する溶液中で与える分子酸素の電気化学還元のための方法であって、分子酸素を、前記溶液中において、ピリジンおよび第4級窒素を含有する窒素ドープカーボンナノチューブと、電圧の適用により接触させることを特徴とする、前記方法。
- 8を越えるpHを有する水溶液中における、分子酸素の還元のためのピリジンおよび第4級窒素を含有する窒素ドープカーボンナノチューブの使用。
- 8以上のpHを有する溶液で満たされ、ピリジンおよび第4級窒素を含有する窒素ドープカーボンナノチューブを含む電極(1a)が存在する第1電極空間(1)を含み、該電極は、電源(3)により、さらなる電極空間(2)におけるさらなる電極(2a)への導電接続を有し、膜(4)が、第1電極空間およびさらなる電極空間の間に存在することを特徴とする、二重負電荷を有する酸素イオンを与える分子酸素の電気化学還元のための電解装置。
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DE102008063727.0 | 2008-12-18 | ||
PCT/EP2009/008699 WO2010069490A1 (de) | 2008-12-18 | 2009-12-05 | Elektrochemisches verfahren zur reduktion molekularen sauerstoffs |
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