JP5606550B2 - Magnetic field sensor device for stroke detection in movable components - Google Patents

Magnetic field sensor device for stroke detection in movable components Download PDF

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JP5606550B2
JP5606550B2 JP2012543543A JP2012543543A JP5606550B2 JP 5606550 B2 JP5606550 B2 JP 5606550B2 JP 2012543543 A JP2012543543 A JP 2012543543A JP 2012543543 A JP2012543543 A JP 2012543543A JP 5606550 B2 JP5606550 B2 JP 5606550B2
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magnetic field
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magnet
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ヴェルシュ ヴォルフガング
クラインクネヒト ミヒャエル
キンメレ マティアス
ヴァルター クラウス
キスナー ユルゲン
ズィーデントプフ イェアク
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • G01D5/20—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature
    • G01D5/22—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature differentially influencing two coils
    • G01D5/2291—Linear or rotary variable differential transformers (LVDTs/RVDTs) having a single primary coil and two secondary coils

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  • Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
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Description

本発明は請求項１の上位概念部に記載した、磁界の空間的な成分が、検出したいストロークに亘って変化し、かつこの変化に応じて検出可能である、回転式及び／又は線形に運動する構成部材のストローク検出のための磁界センサ装置に関する。   The present invention provides a rotary and / or linear motion in which the spatial component of the magnetic field changes over the stroke to be detected and can be detected according to this change. The present invention relates to a magnetic field sensor device for detecting a stroke of a constituent member.

一般に、例えば自動車におけるモータの制御のために、又は伝動装置制御部若しくはドライビングダイナミクス制御部においても使用される回転数・位置センサにおいて、回動又は位置変化が、回動又は位置変化に応じた磁界の変化により検出されるということが公知である。この構成において、使用法及び使用領域に応じて、ホールセンサ、ＡＭＲセンサ、ＧＭＲセンサ、ＴＭＲセンサ又は概してＸＭＲセンサであってよい、一般に自体公知の磁石センサが使用される。   In general, for example, in a rotational speed / position sensor used for controlling a motor in an automobile or in a transmission control unit or a driving dynamics control unit, the rotation or position change is a magnetic field corresponding to the rotation or position change. It is known that it is detected by a change in. In this configuration, generally known magnet sensors, which may be Hall sensors, AMR sensors, GMR sensors, TMR sensors or generally XMR sensors, are used, depending on the usage and field of use.

例えば欧州特許第００９９７７０６号明細書において、磁性体と磁化方向に関して磁界に敏感なセンサとの間の連続的な位置の検出のために、磁性体は検出したいストロークの延在方向において、運動方向に対して変化する角度を成して分配された磁束線をストロークの長さに亘って有するように形成されている。したがって、磁性体に対してセンサが設けられている位置は、各磁界方向に基づいて決定することができる。   For example, in EP 0 997 706, for the detection of a continuous position between a magnetic body and a sensor sensitive to a magnetic field with respect to the magnetization direction, the magnetic body moves in the direction of motion in the direction of the extension of the stroke to be detected. It is formed to have flux lines distributed at varying angles with respect to the length of the stroke. Therefore, the position where the sensor is provided with respect to the magnetic body can be determined based on each magnetic field direction.

さらにドイツ連邦共和国特許第１９９３７２０６号明細書において、磁界に敏感なセンサに対して相対的に可動な棒磁石が、棒磁石に沿って種々異なって配向されているＮ極及びＳ極を有する複数の個別の磁石を有していることが公知になっている。   Further, in German Patent DE 199 37 206, a bar magnet that is relatively movable with respect to a magnetic field sensitive sensor has a plurality of N and S poles that are oriented differently along the bar magnet. It has become known to have separate magnets.

上記センサ装置はこれまで、比較的長い測定ストローク検出のために使用されてきた。この構成においては、センサが測定ストロークに沿って連続しているセンサエレメントでもって測定ストロークよりも長くなっているか、又は測定ストロークがセンサに対して比較的長くなっている。上記両構成においては、例えばブレーキペダル又はガスペダルにおけるペダルストローク発信器といった、自動車における統合の場合によくあるように、狭い構成スペースへの取付けに際し多くの問題が頻繁に発生する。   The sensor device has heretofore been used for detecting relatively long measurement strokes. In this configuration, the sensor is longer than the measuring stroke with a sensor element that is continuous along the measuring stroke, or the measuring stroke is relatively long with respect to the sensor. In both of the above configurations, many problems frequently occur when installed in a narrow configuration space, as is often the case with integration in automobiles, for example, pedal stroke transmitters in brake pedals or gas pedals.

発明の開示
したがって、種々異なる操作装置におけるストローク検出のために、発信ユニットの空間的に最適化された統合を可能にすることが本発明の目的となり得る。したがって本発明は、運動する構成部材におけるストローク検出のための磁界センサ装置から出発する。この磁界センサ装置において、運動する構成部材における磁性構成部材又は磁石システムの磁界の空間的な成分の方向は、検出しようとするストロークに亘って磁性構成部材において変化し、これによりセンサに対する相対的な位置が適切に検出可能である。本発明において、実質的に線形運動又は回転運動する構成部材に、少なくとも１つの磁石又は磁性構成部材が設けられている。この磁石又は磁性構成部材の外周面に対して、所定の間隔を置いて相対するように、磁界に敏感な少なくとも１つの定置型のセンサが対応配置されている。磁性構成部材の磁界は、運動する構成部材の運動方向に対する軸線方向の配向と半径方向の配向との間において規定の角度を成して方向付けられている。この構成において、検出可能な磁界方向の角度範囲は、ストローク検出の過程においては最大２００°であってよい。 DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it may be an object of the present invention to allow a spatially optimized integration of transmission units for stroke detection in different operating devices. The invention therefore starts from a magnetic field sensor device for stroke detection in a moving component. In this magnetic field sensor device, the direction of the spatial component of the magnetic component of the magnetic component or magnet system in the moving component changes in the magnetic component over the stroke to be detected, thereby relative to the sensor. The position can be detected appropriately. In the present invention, at least one magnet or magnetic component is provided on a substantially linear or rotational component. At least one stationary sensor sensitive to a magnetic field is arranged correspondingly so as to be opposed to the outer peripheral surface of the magnet or the magnetic component member at a predetermined interval. The magnetic field of the magnetic component is directed at a defined angle between an axial orientation and a radial orientation relative to the direction of motion of the moving component. In this configuration, the detectable angle range of the magnetic field direction may be a maximum of 200 ° during the stroke detection process.

例えば自動車におけるペダルストローク検出の際に、本発明に係る磁界センサ装置を使用する場合、磁化された構成部材が、例えば車両ブレーキシステムにおける操作エレメントに組み付けられていてよい。この操作エレメントは少なくとも、検出したい線形の方向に対して付加的な他の軸線において、大抵回転運動又は他の自由度において運動する。したがって本発明は自動車における狭い組込み状況にも適している一方で、また、車両ブレーキシステム以外の多様な変形例においても使用可能である。   For example, when the magnetic field sensor device according to the present invention is used for detecting a pedal stroke in an automobile, a magnetized component member may be assembled to an operation element in a vehicle brake system, for example. The operating element moves at least in other axes in addition to the linear direction to be detected, usually in rotational motion or other degrees of freedom. Thus, the present invention is suitable for narrow installation situations in automobiles, but can also be used in various modifications other than vehicle brake systems.

有利には、磁界の空間的な成分を測定するために、磁界センサとして、ＸＭＲ効果を使用したセンサ又はホールセンサが使用される。これらのセンサは夫々、線形の運動又は他の自由度における運動の過程において変化する磁界の方向を検出する。   Advantageously, a sensor using the XMR effect or a Hall sensor is used as the magnetic field sensor in order to measure the spatial component of the magnetic field. Each of these sensors detects the direction of the magnetic field changing in the course of movement in linear motion or other degrees of freedom.

本発明に係る磁界センサ装置において、回転運動する構成部材の線形の運動方向に対する角度は、好適な構成において有利には４５°の範囲にある。したがって磁気回路は、運動方向の軸線に対して種々異なっているが、運動方向の軸線に対して垂直ではない少なくとも１つの磁化方向を有する。このいわゆる磁界の斜め方向によりセンサに、磁束線の検出可能な方向の相違に関して比較的広幅な測定範囲を有する磁界が発生する。少なくとも２つの磁石を使用する場合、これらの磁石の磁界方向は、やはり互いに異なっていてもよい。   In the magnetic field sensor device according to the invention, the angle of the rotationally moving component with respect to the linear direction of movement is advantageously in the range of 45 ° in the preferred configuration. The magnetic circuit thus has at least one magnetization direction that is different from the axis of movement but not perpendicular to the axis of movement. This so-called oblique direction of the magnetic field generates a magnetic field having a relatively wide measurement range with respect to the difference in the direction in which the magnetic flux lines can be detected. If at least two magnets are used, the magnetic field directions of these magnets may again be different from each other.

運動する構成部材が環状磁石を有していると、磁気回路は回転対称的に構成されていて、ひいては運動方向の軸線を中心に回動可能であるが、走査するセンサにおける磁界方向の変化が回動時にもたらされることはない。   When the moving component has an annular magnet, the magnetic circuit is configured to be rotationally symmetric and thus can rotate about the axis of movement, but the change in the magnetic field direction in the scanning sensor is It is not brought about at the time of rotation.

したがって本発明に係る磁界センサのための磁気回路は、有利には線形の運動方向の軸線を中心に回転運動する少なくとも１つの磁石から成っていてもよい。この磁気回路は、測定しようとする線形のストロークに亘って持続的にかつ単調に連続的に磁界方向を変更する。したがって特に測定ストロークが長い場合には、磁石システムは測定ストロークより短くてよい。   The magnetic circuit for the magnetic field sensor according to the invention may therefore advantageously consist of at least one magnet that rotates about a linear axis of movement. This magnetic circuit changes the magnetic field direction continuously and monotonously over the linear stroke to be measured. Thus, especially when the measuring stroke is long, the magnet system may be shorter than the measuring stroke.

本発明によって比較的短い磁界センサが、同様に比較的短い磁石システムによって実現可能である。しかし、狭い構成スペースを備えた変化例に対しては、比較的長い測定ストローク（磁界センサ及び磁石システムは測定ストロークよりも短い）が達成可能である。この構成にもかかわらず上記磁気回路は、磁界配向の最大限に検出可能な変化を測定ストロークに亘って形成する。   According to the invention, a relatively short magnetic field sensor can be realized with a relatively short magnet system as well. However, for variations with a narrow configuration space, a relatively long measurement stroke (the magnetic field sensor and magnet system are shorter than the measurement stroke) can be achieved. Despite this configuration, the magnetic circuit produces a maximally detectable change in magnetic field orientation over the measurement stroke.

本発明は磁石、磁化方向（個々又は組合せ）の数に関して柔軟な磁石システムによって実現可能であり、種々異なる構成スペースにおける使用、種々異なる変化例における使用、そして種々異なる測定ストロークを備えた使用を可能にする。   The present invention can be realized by a flexible magnet system with respect to the number of magnets, magnetization directions (individually or in combination), and can be used in different configuration spaces, in different variations and with different measuring strokes To.

２つの個別磁石及び磁界方向を走査する１つのセンサの、いわゆる斜め磁化を概略的に示す図である。It is a figure which shows roughly what is called diagonal magnetization of one sensor which scans two separate magnets and a magnetic field direction. 個別磁石及び磁界方向を走査するセンサの、いわゆる斜め磁化を概略的に示す図である。It is a figure which shows roughly what is called diagonal magnetization of the sensor which scans an individual magnet and a magnetic field direction. 本発明に係る磁界センサ装置を備えた自動車において、ペダルストロークを測定するための装置の実施の形態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows embodiment of the apparatus for measuring a pedal stroke in the motor vehicle provided with the magnetic field sensor apparatus which concerns on this invention. 図３に示した磁界センサ装置の環状磁石を詳細に示す図である。It is a figure which shows the annular magnet of the magnetic field sensor apparatus shown in FIG. 3 in detail.

以下に、本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づき詳細に説明する。   Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

発明の実施の形態
本発明を説明するために図１に概略的に示す磁気回路は、２つの個別の磁石１，２を備えている。これらの個別の磁石１，２の、本発明において優勢方向に傾いて延在している磁束線３，４を概略的に示す。これらの磁束線３又は４（図示の実施の形態においては磁束線３）は、磁界に敏感なセンサ５と交差し、各磁束線３又は４の方向は、センサ５が磁気回路の線形のストローク区間６において、どの相対的な位置にまさに位置するかに基づく。交差する磁束線３又は４の方向にまさに基づく出力信号を有するセンサ５、例えばＸＭＲセンサ又はホールセンサを使用すると、上記原則的な装置によって、磁石１，２を備えた磁気回路とセンサ５との間の相対的な位置決定が可能になる。 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The magnetic circuit schematically shown in FIG. 1 for explaining the invention comprises two individual magnets 1 and 2. These discrete magnets 1,2, the magnetic flux lines 3,4 extending inclined dominant direction in the present invention is shown schematically. These magnetic flux lines 3 or 4 (in the illustrated embodiment, magnetic flux lines 3) intersect a magnetic field sensitive sensor 5, and the direction of each magnetic flux line 3 or 4 is such that the sensor 5 is a linear stroke of the magnetic circuit. Based on which relative position in section 6 is exactly located. When a sensor 5 having an output signal just based on the direction of the intersecting magnetic flux lines 3 or 4 is used, such as an XMR sensor or a Hall sensor, the sensor circuit 5 can be connected to the magnetic circuit comprising the magnets 1 and 2 by the above-described principle device. It is possible to determine the relative position between the two.

図２に、優勢方向に斜め磁化された個別磁石７を備えた、上記位置決定を可能にする別の実施の形態を示す。個別磁石７の磁束線８は図１と同じにように、交差する磁束線８の方向に基づいて、磁石７とセンサ５との間の相対的な位置の決定を可能にする。 FIG. 2 shows another embodiment that enables the position determination, with individual magnets 7 obliquely magnetized in the dominant direction. The magnetic flux lines 8 of the individual magnets 7 make it possible to determine the relative position between the magnets 7 and the sensor 5 based on the direction of the intersecting magnetic flux lines 8 as in FIG.

図３に、例えば車両ブレーキシステムにおけるペダルストローク検出のための、本発明に係る磁界センサ装置の実施の形態を示す。この磁界センサ装置において、図示した上記センサ５に対応する磁界に敏感なセンサが、センサケーシング１０内に収容されている。この実施の形態において、磁気回路は、回動軸線１３において回動可能にかつ回動軸線１３の長手方向に沿って線形に運動可能である２つの環状磁石１１，１２を有している。   FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of a magnetic field sensor device according to the present invention for detecting a pedal stroke in a vehicle brake system, for example. In this magnetic field sensor device, a sensor sensitive to a magnetic field corresponding to the illustrated sensor 5 is accommodated in a sensor casing 10. In this embodiment, the magnetic circuit has two annular magnets 11 and 12 that are rotatable about the rotation axis 13 and linearly movable along the longitudinal direction of the rotation axis 13.

図４に環状磁石１１（又は１２に対応）の詳細な実施の形態を示す。この環状磁石は、この実施の形態において、優勢方向１４に、図３に示した回動軸線１３に対して、例えば斜め４５°に磁化されている。 FIG. 4 shows a detailed embodiment of the annular magnet 11 (or corresponding to 12). The annular magnet, in this embodiment, the dominant direction 14, are magnetized with respect to the rotation axis 13 shown in FIG. 3, for example at an angle 45 °.

Claims (7)

運動する構成部材における磁石系の磁界の空間的な成分が、該成分の方向において、検出しようとするストローク（６）に亘って変化し、これにより定置型のセンサ（５）に対する前記運動する構成部材の位置に応じて検出可能である、運動する構成部材におけるストローク検出のための磁界センサ装置において、
線形にかつ他の自由度において運動可能な構成部材に、前記磁石系の構成部材として少なくとも１つの磁石（３，４；７；１１，１２；１４）又は他の磁性構成部材が設けられており、前記磁石又は磁性構成部材の外周に対し所定の間隔を置いて相対して、磁界方向を検出する少なくとも１つの定置型のセンサ（５）が対応配置されており、前記磁石（３，４；７；１１，１２；１４）の優勢な磁界方向が、前記運動する構成部材のストローク（６）に対して、０°＜θ＜９０°の間において所定の角度（θ）を成して配向されていることを特徴とする、磁界センサ装置。 The spatial component of the magnetic field of the magnet system in the moving component changes over the stroke (6) to be detected in the direction of the component, whereby the moving configuration with respect to the stationary sensor (5) In a magnetic field sensor device for detecting a stroke in a moving component, which can be detected according to the position of the member,
At least one magnet (3,4; 7; 11,12; 14) or other magnetic component is provided as a component of the magnet system on a component that can move linearly and in other degrees of freedom. At least one stationary sensor (5) for detecting the direction of the magnetic field is disposed correspondingly to the outer circumference of the magnet or the magnetic component member at a predetermined interval, and the magnet (3, 4; 7; 11,12; 14) is predominant magnetic Sakaikata direction of relative stroke (6) of the components of the exercise, 0 ° <theta at an angle (theta) between the <90 ° Magnetic field sensor device characterized by being oriented. 前記他の自由度は、前記運動可能な構成部材の回動軸線（１３）を中心とした回動運動を含むことを特徴とする、請求項１記載の磁界センサ装置。   The magnetic field sensor device according to claim 1, wherein the other degree of freedom includes a rotational movement around a rotational axis (13) of the movable component. 前記磁石（３，４；７；１１，１２；１４）の優勢な磁界方向の所定の角度は、４５°であることを特徴とする、請求項１又は２記載の磁界センサ装置。 It said magnet predominant magnetic Sakaikata predetermined angle of direction of (3,4; 7; 11, 12 14) is characterized by a 45 °, the magnetic field sensor device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein. 前記少なくとも１つの磁界センサは、前記磁界の空間的な成分を測定するために、ＸＭＲ効果の評価部を備えたセンサ（５）又はホールセンサであることを特徴とする、請求項１から３までのいずれか一項記載の磁界センサ装置。   4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the at least one magnetic field sensor is a sensor (5) or a Hall sensor with an XMR effect evaluation unit for measuring a spatial component of the magnetic field. The magnetic field sensor device according to any one of the above. 前記磁界センサ装置の磁化に関しても種々異なって配向されている複数の個別の磁石が、前記運動する構成部材の周面に配置されていることを特徴とする、請求項１から４までのいずれか一項記載の磁界センサ装置。   A plurality of individual magnets that are oriented differently with respect to the magnetization of the magnetic field sensor device are arranged on the peripheral surface of the moving component member. The magnetic field sensor device according to one item. 前記運動する構成部材に少なくとも１つの環状磁石（１１，１２）が配置されており、該環状磁石（１１，１２）は、該環状磁石の周面の延在方向に磁界方向を有しており、該優勢な磁界方向は、前記運動する構成部材のストローク（６）に対して、０°＜θ＜９０°の間において所定の角度（θ）を成して配向されていることを特徴とする、請求項１から５までのいずれか一項記載の磁界センサ装置。 At least one annular magnet (11, 12) is arranged on the moving component, and the annular magnet (11, 12) has a magnetic field direction in the extending direction of the peripheral surface of the annular magnet. The dominant magnetic field direction is oriented at a predetermined angle (θ) between 0 ° <θ <90 ° with respect to the stroke (6) of the moving component. The magnetic field sensor device according to any one of claims 1 to 5. 前記磁界センサ装置を自動車においてペダルストロークの検出時に使用することを特徴とする、請求項１から６までのいずれか一項記載の磁界センサ装置の使用。   Use of the magnetic field sensor device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the magnetic field sensor device is used when detecting a pedal stroke in an automobile.
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