JP5599552B2 - 抗血栓薬および抗再狭窄薬の薬剤溶出ステント - Google Patents
抗血栓薬および抗再狭窄薬の薬剤溶出ステント Download PDFInfo
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- JP5599552B2 JP5599552B2 JP2008020742A JP2008020742A JP5599552B2 JP 5599552 B2 JP5599552 B2 JP 5599552B2 JP 2008020742 A JP2008020742 A JP 2008020742A JP 2008020742 A JP2008020742 A JP 2008020742A JP 5599552 B2 JP5599552 B2 JP 5599552B2
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Images
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Landscapes
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- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Description
1.発明の分野
本発明は、組織を支持する医療用装置に関するものであり、より詳細には、拡張可能で、除去できない装置であって、生きている動物または人間の肉体の管腔内に埋め込まれ、臓器を支持し、開存性(patency)を維持するもの、また、抗血栓剤からなる表面のコーティングに加えて、複数の有用な薬剤をインターベンション部位(intervention site)へ送達するための開口部を有するものに関する。
従来、恒久的な、または、生物分解性がある装置は、体の通路の開存性を維持するために、その通路内に埋め込むことを目的として開発されてきた。このような装置は、一般に、経皮的に挿入され、望まれている場所に配置されるまで経内腔的に移送される。次に、これらの装置は、その装置の内側に配置されたマンドレル(mandrel)またはバルーンを広げることなどにより、機械的に拡張されるか、あるいは、体内での作動により蓄えてるエネルギーを放出することで装置自身を拡張する。いったん管腔内で拡張したならば、ステントと呼ばれるこれらの装置は、体組織内に閉じ込められ、恒久的なインプラントとして残る。
従来技術の欠点を考慮すると、ステントの壁部の有効厚を増やすことなく、また、反対にステントの機械的な拡張特性に悪影響を与えることなく、有用な薬剤を含んでいる表面コーティングに関する数多くの潜在的な問題を回避しつつ、血管腔の外傷部位に相対的に多量の有用な薬剤を送達できるステントを提供することは有益であろう。
図1は、複数の穴を有する拡張可能医療用装置を示しており、穴には、その拡張可能医療用装置によって組織に送達されるようになっている有用な薬剤が入れられている。図1に示されている拡張可能医療用装置10は、管状の材料から切り出され、円筒状の拡張可能装置を形成している。この拡張可能医療用装置10には複数の円筒部分12があり、円筒部分12は、複数の架橋要素14によって互いに連結されている。架橋要素14により、組織支持装置は、脈管構造の曲がりくねった経路を配置部位まで通すときに、軸に沿って曲がることができ、そして、支持すべき管腔の湾曲に合わせる必要があるとき、軸に沿って曲がることができる。円筒管12の各々は、延性のあるヒンジ部20および周方向支柱部22によって互いに連結された細長い支柱部18の網状組織によって形成されている。医療用装置10が拡張する間、延性のあるヒンジ部20は変形するが、支柱部18は変形しない。拡張可能医療用装置の一例の詳細は、米国特許第6,241,762号に記載されており、この米国特許は参照によりその全内容を本明細書に組み入れる。
本明細書で使用する場合、用語「薬剤」、「治療薬」または「有用な薬剤」は、可能である最も広い解釈が意図されており、また、あらゆる治療薬または薬物、ならびに、障壁層、担体層、治療層または保護層のような不活性薬剤を含むよう用いられるものである。
図7は、抗炎症剤および抗増殖剤を有する二薬ステント(dual drug stent)700であって、抗炎症剤および抗増殖剤が、再狭窄の生物学的プロセスに合うように特別に計画されたその二薬の独立した放出動態が得られるように、ステントの異なる穴から送達される二薬ステント700を示している。この実施例によれば、二薬ステントは、第一開口部710の組の中の抗炎症剤ピメクロリムスを、第二開口部720の組の中の抗増殖剤パクリタキセルとの組合せで、含んでいる。各薬剤は、マトリックス材料に入れられて、ステントの穴の中に、図8に示した放出動態を達成するよう設計された特殊なはめ込み配置(inlay arrangement)で提供されている。各々の薬物は、再狭窄を治療するために主に壁部の方へ送達される。
本実施例によれば、二薬ステントは、第一開口部710の組の中のグリベックを、第二開口部720の組の中の抗増殖剤パクリタキセルとの組合せで、含んでいる。各薬剤は、マトリックス材料に入れて、ステントの穴の中に、図8に示した放出動態を達成するよう設計された特殊なはめ込み配置で提供されている。
本実施例によれば、二薬ステントは、第一開口部の組の中のPKC−412(細胞増殖調整物質)を、第二開口部の組の中の抗増殖剤パクリタキセルとの組合せで、含んでいる。各薬剤は、マトリックス材料に入れて、ステントの穴の中に、以下に述べる放出動態を達成するように設計された特殊なはめ込み配置で提供されている。
本発明は、他の細胞毒性剤または細胞増殖抑制剤、および微小管安定化剤に加え、パクリタキセル、ラパマイシン、クラドリビン(cladribine)(CdA)、およびこれらの誘導体を含む抗再狭窄剤の送達に関する。本明細書では、主に抗再狭窄剤について説明したが、本発明は他の薬剤を単独で、または、抗再狭窄剤と併用して送達するのにも使用してもよい。本発明とともに用いられるいくつかの治療薬であって、主として(primarily)管腔内に、主として壁部に、あるいはその両方へ送達してもよく、単独または併用して送達してもよい治療薬としては、これらに限定はされないが、抗増殖剤、抗トロンビン、免疫抑制剤[シロリムス(sirolimus)を含む]、抗脂質剤(antilipid agents)、抗炎症剤、抗腫瘍剤、抗血小板剤、血管形成剤(angiogenic agents)、抗血管形成剤(anti-angiogenic agents)、ビタミン類、抗有糸分裂剤(amtimitotics)、メタロプロテアーゼ阻害剤(metalloproteinase inhibitors)、一酸化窒素供与体、エストラジオール、抗硬化剤(anti-sclerosing agents)、および血管作用薬(vasoactive agents)、内皮増殖因子(endothelial growth factors)、エストロゲン、ベータブロッカー(beta blockers)、AZブロッカー(AZ blockers)、ホルモン類、スタチン類、インスリン成長因子(insulin growth factors)、抗酸化剤、膜安定剤、カルシウム拮抗剤、レテノイド(retenoid)、ビバリルジン(bivalirudin)、フェノクソディオール(phenoxodiol)、エトポシド(etoposide)、チクロピジン(ticlopidine)、ジピリダモール(dipyridamole)、およびトラピジル(trapidil)単独で、もしくは本明細書で言及した任意の治療薬との併用を含む。治療薬として、数例挙げると、ペプチド、リポタンパク質、ポリペプチド、ポリペプチドをコードしたポリヌクレオチド(polynucleotides encoding polypeptides)、脂質、タンパク質薬物、タンパク質複合体薬物、酵素、オリゴヌクレオチドおよびそれらの誘導体、リボザイム、その他の遺伝物質、細胞、アンチセンス(antisense)、オリゴヌクレオチド、モノクローナル抗体、血小板、プリオン、ウイルス、細菌、および真核細胞(例えば、内皮細胞、幹細胞、ACE阻害剤、単球/マクロファージあるいは血管平滑筋細胞)も含む。治療薬は、ホストに投与すると、望ましい薬物へ代謝されるプロドラッグ(pro-drug)であってもよい。さらに、治療薬は、治療層に取り込む前は、マイクロカプセル、ミクロスフェア、マイクロバブル、リポソーム、ニオソーム、乳剤、分散剤(dispersions)等のように調剤前のものであってもよい。治療薬はまた、放射性同位元素、または、光や超音波エネルギーのような何らかの他のエネルギーの形態により、若しくは、全身投与可能な他の循環分子により活性化される薬剤であってもよい。治療薬は、血管新生、再狭窄、細胞増殖、血栓形成、血小板凝集、凝血、および、血管拡張の調整を含む複数の機能を果たすことがあってもよい。
(1)拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置において、
血管内に送達するための第一直径から、前記血管を広げるための第二直径まで拡張可能である実質的に円筒形の装置であって、管腔側の表面、および管腔とは反対側の表面を有し、前記管腔側の表面および前記管腔とは反対側の表面の間の距離が前記実質的に円筒形の装置の壁部の厚みを規定している、実質的に円筒形の装置と、
前記実質的に円筒形の装置に設けられた複数の開口部であって、各々が貯蔵部として構成されている、開口部と、
前記実質的に円筒形の装置に付着している抗血栓剤と、
を備える、拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置。
(2)拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置において、
血管内に送達するための第一直径から、前記血管を広げるための第二直径まで拡張可能である実質的に円筒形の装置であって、管腔側の表面、および管腔とは反対側の表面を有し、前記管腔側の表面および前記管腔とは反対側の表面の間の距離が前記実質的に円筒形の装置の壁部の厚みを規定している、実質的に円筒形の装置と、
前記実質的に円筒形の装置に設けられた複数の開口部であって、各々が貯蔵部として構成されている、開口部と、
前記管腔側の表面および前記管腔とは反対側の表面の少なくとも一方に付着している抗血栓剤と、
を備える、拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置。
血管内に送達するための第一直径から、前記血管を広げるための第二直径まで拡張可能である実質的に円筒形の装置であって、管腔側の表面、および管腔とは反対側の表面を有し、前記管腔側の表面および前記管腔とは反対側の表面の間の距離が前記実質的に円筒形の装置の壁部の厚みを規定している、実質的に円筒形の装置と、
前記実質的に円筒形の装置に設けられた複数の開口部であって、各々が貯蔵部として構成されている、開口部と、
前記管腔側の表面、前記管腔とは反対側の表面、および、前記開口部の表面の少なくとも一つに付着している抗血栓剤と、
を備える、拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置。
(4)拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置において、
血管内に送達するための第一直径から、前記血管を広げるための第二直径まで拡張可能である実質的に円筒形の装置であって、管腔側の表面、および管腔とは反対側の表面を有し、前記管腔側の表面および前記管腔とは反対側の表面の間の距離が前記実質的に円筒形の装置の壁部の厚みを規定している、実質的に円筒形の装置と、
前記実質的に円筒形の装置に設けられた複数の開口部であって、少なくとも1種の治療薬を制御しながら前記血管に送達するよう保持するための貯蔵部として各々が構成されている、開口部と、
前記実質的に円筒形の装置に付着している抗血栓剤と、
を備える、拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置。
血管内に送達するための第一直径から、前記血管を広げるための第二直径まで拡張可能である実質的に円筒形の装置であって、管腔側の表面、および管腔とは反対側の表面を有し、前記管腔側の表面および前記管腔とは反対側の表面の間の距離が前記実質的に円筒形の装置の壁部の厚みを規定している、実質的に円筒形の装置と、
前記実質的に円筒形の装置に設けられた複数の開口部であって、少なくとも1種の治療薬を制御しながら前記血管に送達するよう保持するための貯蔵部として各々が構成されている、開口部と、
前記管腔側の表面および前記管腔とは反対側の表面の少なくとも一方に付着している抗血栓剤と、
を備える、拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置。
(6)拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置において、
血管内に送達するための第一直径から、前記血管を広げるための第二直径まで拡張可能である実質的に円筒形の装置であって、管腔側の表面、および管腔とは反対側の表面を有し、前記管腔側の表面および前記管腔とは反対側の表面の間の距離が前記実質的に円筒形の装置の壁部の厚みを規定している、実質的に円筒形の装置と、
前記実質的に円筒形の装置に設けられた複数の開口部であって、少なくとも1種の治療薬を制御しながら前記血管に送達するよう保持するための貯蔵部として各々が構成されている、開口部と、
前記管腔側の表面、前記管腔とは反対側の表面、および、前記開口部の表面の少なくとも一つに付着している抗血栓剤と、
を備える、拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置。
前記複数の開口部は、前記管腔側の表面から前記管腔とは反対側の表面まで延びている、拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置。
(8)実施態様1から6のいずれか1つに記載の拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置において、
前記複数の開口部は、前記管腔側の表面および前記管腔とは反対側の表面の一方から前記実質的に円筒形の装置の前記壁部の厚みの中へと部分的に延びている、拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置。
(9)実施態様1から6のいずれか1つに記載の拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置において、
前記複数の開口部は、1種またはそれ以上の治療薬を備えている、拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置。
(10)実施態様9に記載の拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置において、
前記1種またはそれ以上の治療薬は、ラパマイシンを含む、拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置。
(11)実施態様10に記載の拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置において、
前記1種またはそれ以上の治療薬は、ラパマイシン類似体を含む、拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置。
(12)実施態様10に記載の拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置において、
前記1種またはそれ以上の治療薬は、ラパマイシン誘導体を含む、拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置。
(13)実施態様10に記載の拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置において、
前記1種またはそれ以上の治療薬は、ラパマイシン抱合体を含む、拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置。
(14)実施態様9に記載の拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置において、
前記1種またはそれ以上の治療薬は、ピメクロリムスを含む、拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置。
(15)実施態様9に記載の拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置において、
前記1種またはそれ以上の治療薬は、パクリタキセルを含む、拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置。
(16)実施態様9に記載の拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置において、
前記複数の開口部は、前記1種またはそれ以上の治療薬によって部分的に充填されている、拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置。
(17)実施態様9に記載の拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置において、
前記複数の開口部は、前記1種またはそれ以上の治療薬によって充填されている、拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置。
(18)実施態様9に記載の拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置において、
前記複数の開口部は、前記1種またはそれ以上の治療薬によって過剰に充填されている、拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置。
(19)実施態様9に記載の拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置において、
前記1種またはそれ以上の治療薬は、生体吸収性ポリマーマトリックスに組み込まれている、拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置。
(20)実施態様1から6のいずれか1つに記載の拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置において、
前記抗血栓剤は、ヘパリンを含む、拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置。
(21)実施態様1から6のいずれか1つに記載の拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置において、
前記抗血栓剤は、低分子量ヘパリンを含む、拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置。
(22)実施態様1から6のいずれか1つに記載の拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置において、
前記抗血栓剤は、脱硫酸ヘパリンを含む、拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置。
前記抗血栓剤は、分画ヘパリンを含む、拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置。
(24)実施態様1から6のいずれか1つに記載の拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置において、
前記抗血栓剤は、ワルファリンを含む、拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置。
(25)実施態様1から6のいずれか1つに記載の拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置において、
前記抗血栓剤は、シロスタゾールを含む、拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置。
(26)実施態様1から6のいずれか1つに記載の拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置において、
抗血栓剤の組合せ、
をさらに備える、拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置。
Claims (18)
- 拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置において、
血管内に送達するための第一直径から、前記血管を広げるための第二直径まで拡張可能である円筒形の装置であって、管腔側の表面、および管腔とは反対側の表面を有し、前記管腔側の表面および前記管腔とは反対側の表面の間の距離が前記円筒形の装置の壁部の厚みを規定している、円筒形の装置と、
増殖抑制薬を含む1種またはそれ以上の治療薬と、
前記円筒形の装置に設けられた複数の開口部であって、前記1種またはそれ以上の治療薬を制御しながら前記血管に送達するよう保持するために前記開口部の各々が貯蔵部として構成され、前記開口部が前記管腔側の表面と面一でありかつ前記管腔側の表面から前記管腔とは反対側の表面に延びている、開口部と、
前記円筒形の装置の、前記管腔側の表面と前記管腔とは反対側の表面との少なくとも一方に付着しているが、前記1種またはそれ以上の治療薬が前記貯蔵部の表面に直接接触するように前記貯蔵部の前記表面には付着していない抗血栓剤であって、前記貯蔵部内の前記1種またはそれ以上の治療薬の管腔側の表面または管腔とは反対側の表面に付着していない抗血栓剤と、
を含む、拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置。 - 請求項1に記載の拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置において、
前記1種またはそれ以上の治療薬は、ラパマイシンを含む、管腔内医療用装置。 - 請求項2に記載の拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置において、
前記1種またはそれ以上の治療薬は、ラパマイシン類似体を含む、管腔内医療用装置。 - 請求項2に記載の拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置において、
前記1種またはそれ以上の治療薬は、ラパマイシン誘導体を含む、管腔内医療用装置。 - 請求項2に記載の拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置において、
前記1種またはそれ以上の治療薬は、ラパマイシン抱合体を含む、管腔内医療用装置。 - 請求項1に記載の拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置において、
前記1種またはそれ以上の治療薬は、ピメクロリムスを含む、管腔内医療用装置。 - 請求項1に記載の拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置において、
前記1種またはそれ以上の治療薬は、パクリタキセルを含む、管腔内医療用装置。 - 請求項1に記載の拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置において、
前記複数の開口部は、前記1種またはそれ以上の治療薬によって部分的に充填されている、管腔内医療用装置。 - 請求項1に記載の拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置において、
前記複数の開口部は、前記1種またはそれ以上の治療薬によって充填されている、管腔内医療用装置。 - 請求項1に記載の拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置において、
前記複数の開口部は、前記1種またはそれ以上の治療薬によって過剰に充填されている、管腔内医療用装置。 - 請求項1に記載の拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置において、
前記1種またはそれ以上の治療薬は、生体吸収性ポリマーマトリックスに組み込まれている、管腔内医療用装置。 - 請求項1に記載の拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置において、
前記抗血栓剤は、ヘパリンを含む、管腔内医療用装置。 - 請求項1に記載の拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置において、
前記抗血栓剤は、低分子量ヘパリンを含む、管腔内医療用装置。 - 請求項1に記載の拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置において、
前記抗血栓剤は、脱硫酸ヘパリンを含む、管腔内医療用装置。 - 請求項1に記載の拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置において、
前記抗血栓剤は、分画ヘパリンを含む、管腔内医療用装置。 - 請求項1に記載の拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置において、
前記抗血栓剤は、ワルファリンを含む、管腔内医療用装置。 - 請求項1に記載の拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置において、
前記抗血栓剤は、シロスタゾールを含む、管腔内医療用装置。 - 請求項1に記載の拡張可能な管腔内医療用装置において、
抗血栓剤の組合せ、をさらに含む、管腔内医療用装置。
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| US11/670,097 US8221496B2 (en) | 2007-02-01 | 2007-02-01 | Antithrombotic and anti-restenotic drug eluting stent |
| US11/670,097 | 2007-02-01 |
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| US20120283822A1 (en) | 2012-11-08 |
| US20080188925A1 (en) | 2008-08-07 |
| CA2618154C (en) | 2015-12-08 |
| JP2008200492A (ja) | 2008-09-04 |
| US8221496B2 (en) | 2012-07-17 |
| EP1952789B1 (en) | 2013-07-17 |
| EP1952789A1 (en) | 2008-08-06 |
| CA2618154A1 (en) | 2008-08-01 |
| US9114034B2 (en) | 2015-08-25 |
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