JP5599416B2 - Trailer for transporting large cargoes such as toroidal articles - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a trailer that is towed by a tractor and that loads and transports large cargo such as an annular shaped article, for example, a trailer for transporting a super-large tire used in a large working vehicle of a mine that performs open pit mining. It is.

  Work vehicles such as very large dump trucks used for transporting ores excavated in open pit mines and the like are equipped with very large tires having a diameter significantly exceeding 3 m. Since these extra-large tires are manufactured at the factory and then attached to an extra-large work vehicle at the site of the mine, etc., they must be transported by land from the factory to the local site (in the case of an overseas mine). However, it is impossible to subdivide a super large tire so that it can be loaded on a truck or the like, and it is subject to various restrictions during transportation.

  As an example, for vehicles traveling on roads, various laws and regulations have been established to ensure driving safety and smooth traffic, and there are restrictions on the width of vehicles and the height of vehicles including cargo to be loaded. is there. Under current Japanese regulations, in order to allow normal driving on the road, the total height including the cargo to be loaded is 4100 mm so that the width of the vehicle does not exceed 2500 mm. (3800 mm) is not limited. In order to transport extra large tires, conventionally, as shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of extra large tires TY (in this example, the outer diameter is 3800 mm and the width dimension is set on a low floor trailer TL pulled by a tractor TR. 1400 mm) is often stacked horizontally. In this case, although the total height of the vehicle can be within the limit value of the designated road, since the width exceeds 3 m, the vehicle must travel at night with special permission when traveling.

  The trailer includes two main frames MF extending in parallel with the vehicle front-rear direction, and forms a skeleton portion that supports the load of cargo loaded thereon. In the low-floor type trailer, as shown in FIG. 4, the main frame MF is bent downward in the intermediate portion, and the upper surface of the main frame MF in the intermediate portion for loading cargo is more than the rear floor surface on which the axle AX is mounted. It is low and the overall height including cargo can be kept low. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5 (a), when cargo is loaded by dropping to the bottom surface of the main frame MF or below it, the transportation of cargo having a height of 1 below the top surface of the main frame MF is carried. Is possible. Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 61-138891 discloses a low floor trailer having such a structure.

  A special method for transporting extra large tires is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-72956. In the method described in this publication, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), the present plate PT is placed at two opposing positions on the diameter of the super-large tire TY, and each of the present plates PT is used as a bar RD (or a chain or the like). ) To compress the super-large tire TY and deform it from the free state. As a result, the diameter of the super large tire TY is reduced, so that it does not exceed the limit value when traveling on a road, or the required space for storing in a warehouse or the like can be reduced.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 61-138891 JP 2003-72956 A

A tire is a ring-shaped article made of hard rubber, and generally has an outer diameter that is much larger than a width dimension. When the outer diameter is reduced by the method described in Patent Document 2, distortion such as compression or tension occurs in the hard rubber of the material, and when the distortion remains, there is a possibility that strength during use is reduced. is there. Moreover, in order to reduce the outer diameter of a super-large tire, it is necessary to apply a powerful force, and it is also necessary to prepare a dedicated instrument for that purpose.
In view of legal restrictions on cargo loaded on vehicles, an annular surface is used for vehicles without reducing the outer diameter of super-large tires with outer diameters exceeding 3 m, as shown in FIG. It is conceivable that the vehicle is placed side by side on the low-floor trailer TL in a leaning posture so as to be in the front-rear direction, and is within the limits of the lateral width and height of the vehicle. However, there are tires of various dimensions in the super-large tires. When the super-large tire TY has an outer diameter of 3800 mm and a width dimension of 1400 mm in FIG. 4, a low floor type trailer is used. However, the total height exceeds the height limit on the designated road.

  Therefore, like the low-floor trailer disclosed in Patent Document 1, it is conceivable to load the super large tire TY by dropping it to the bottom surface of the main frame MF. However, the main frame MF of the low-floor trailer TL is loaded with cargo. A rising part FR connected to the front part (gooseneck part) connected to the tractor and a rising part RR connected to the rear part provided with the axle are respectively formed before and after the intermediate part to be loaded. When two super large tires TY are arranged in the front-rear direction between both rising portions and dropped to the bottom surface of the main frame MF, the front and rear super large tires TY cause interference (FIG. 6B). )), This loading method cannot load two extra-large tires and deteriorates transportation efficiency. It should be noted that when two such super-large tires are arranged in the vehicle width direction of the trailer, the vehicle width limit is exceeded, so that only one tire can be loaded in the vehicle width direction for normal driving on the road. Limited.

By the way, transportation of super-large tires, especially super-large tires having an outer diameter close to 4 m in FIG. 4, is, so to speak, transport of special cargo, and in reality, there are no opportunities to transport so frequently. Therefore, when a dedicated trailer for the purpose of transporting ultra-large tires is prepared, the demand for the trailer may be low and the operation rate may be low. If possible, it is desirable to be able to load other general cargo. . These problems are not limited to the transportation of ultra-large tires, but are common to trailers that carry and transport large annular items such as large bearings and large coils wound with paper sheets. is there.
An object of the present invention is to load a ring-shaped article having a very large outer diameter on a trailer to enable efficient transportation that normally travels on a road, and also to load general cargo on the trailer. The present invention is configured to solve the above-mentioned problems.

In view of the above-described problems, the present invention provides a low-floor trailer for transporting an annular article, and the main frame interval is widened at the front part connected to the tractor together with the low floor part. It is possible to load the ring-shaped article up and down the trailer as much as possible with the ring-shaped article standing up against it. That is, the present invention
“A trailer that is towed by a tractor and transports annular items,
The trailer includes a front part connected to a tractor, a rear part to which an axle is attached, and an intermediate part having a floor surface lower than the front part and the rear part, and the front part, the intermediate part and the rear part include , two main frame extending parallel to the longitudinal direction is found respectively,
The upper surfaces of the two main frames of the intermediate part are higher than the upper surfaces of the two main frames of the front part and the rear part so that the floor surface provided in the intermediate part is lower than the front part and the rear part. Set low , and
The two main frames at the front portion and the two main frames at the intermediate portion are each linearly continuous in a plan view, and the distance between the two main frames is larger than the widthwise dimension of the annular article. Installed in
The floor surface on the front side of the intermediate portion can be opened. When the floor surface is opened, the ring-shaped article is one of the ring-shaped articles in a state where the ring-shaped article is leaned with the ring-shaped face in the front-rear direction. The part is loaded so that it enters below the upper surface of the main frame of the intermediate part and enters between the main frames of the front part. ''
The trailer is characterized by that.

  When the floor surface on the front side of the intermediate portion can be opened, the floor surface on the rear side can be opened, and the floor surface on the rear side is opened, In the state where the article is leaned with its ring-shaped surface leaning in the front-rear direction, a part of the ring-shaped article can enter below the upper surface of the main frame of the intermediate portion.

  As described in claim 3, the releasable floor surface of the intermediate part of the trailer is constituted by a removable floor board, and between the front main frame into which a part of the annular shaped article enters. Can be provided with a removable cover plate.

  In addition, as described in claim 4, the openable floor surface of the intermediate portion of the trailer is constituted by a pair of floorboard doors divided along a center line in the front-rear direction of the trailer, and each of the floorboard doors Can be turned around a turning shaft extending in the front-rear direction.

When the openable floor surface of the intermediate portion of the trailer is constituted by the pair of floor board doors according to claim 4, as described in claim 5, each of the floor board doors has an annular shaped article. An annular article with the restraining member leaning against it when the restraining member is integrally fixed and the floor drive is rotated by connecting a driving device for rotation, and the floor surface is opened. It can be set as the structure which contacts and hold | maintains this.
In this case, as described in claim 6, it is preferable to attach to each of the floor plate doors an auxiliary floor plate that spans the main frame of the intermediate portion in a state of constituting a floor surface by a double hinge. Furthermore, as described in claim 7, when the floor plate door is rotated to open the floor surface, the restraining member abuts against the main frame of the intermediate portion to control the position. Is preferred.

  As described in claim 8, the trailer of the present invention is particularly suitable for transporting a tire as an annular article.

The trailer of the present invention transports an annular article, but a large tire is typical as the annular article. Therefore, in the following, as a specific example, as in the invention of claim 8 A trailer for transporting large tires is described.
The trailer of the present invention is basically configured as a low-floor type trailer, and two main frames extending parallel to the vehicle front-rear direction are bent downward at an intermediate portion, and the ground height on the upper surface of the main frame at the intermediate portion of the trailer is Lower than that of the front part (gooseneck part) connected to the tractor and the rear part to which the axle is attached. The two main frames in the front part and the two main frames in the middle part are respectively arranged in a straight line in plan view, and the distance between the two main frames is larger than the size in the width direction of the large tire. When a tire is loaded on a trailer with its ring-shaped surface leaning back and forth, a part of a large tire can enter between the two main frames of the front part and the intermediate part. And the floor side provided in the main frame upper surface of the intermediate part of a trailer for loading cargo can open the front side.

That is, in the trailer of the present invention, when the floor surface on the front side of the intermediate part is opened, the large tire can be loaded on the trailer in a standing state. At this time, the large tire is dropped between the two main frames at the middle portion, and at the same time, is loaded on the trailer so that a part of the large tire enters between the front main frames. The low-floor trailer of the present invention has a low ground surface and is loaded by dropping it between main frames, so even if it is a large tire with an outer diameter close to 4m, The total height can be kept within the limit value that allows normal driving on the designated road. In addition, large tires enter between the main frames of the gooseneck part and are loaded so as to be as far as possible in front of the trailer, so the floor surface behind the low floor part of the trailer that loads other cargo etc. As a result, the cargo loading capacity increases and transportation efficiency improves.
Cargos other than large tires can be loaded on the floor surface behind the trailer low floor portion, but as in the invention of claim 2, when the floor surface on the rear side can be opened and opened, another large-sized tire can be opened. It is desirable to construct a trailer capable of transporting a plurality of large tires by dropping the tires between the main frames.

  In the invention of claim 3, the floor surface of the intermediate part of the trailer is a removable floor board, and a removable cover board is provided between the front main frames. In the trailer of the present invention, since the large main tire enters, the space between the front main frames is opened. Therefore, when a cover plate is attached here, it is easy to hold the cargo when cargo other than the large tire is loaded. It becomes.

  Instead of providing a removable floor plate to form an openable floor surface, in the invention of claim 4, the floor surface is constituted by a pair of floor plate doors divided along the center line in the front-rear direction of the trailer. The floor board door is rotatable about a rotation axis extending in the front-rear direction. The pair of floorboard doors opens and closes like a double door, and when opened, forms an opening for loading a large tire, so there is no need to remove the floorboard portion and store it in another location.

  In the case where the pair of floor board doors according to the invention of claim 4 is provided, the opened floor board door is in an upright state on the floor surface of the trailer when the opening is formed for loading a large tire. Become. Therefore, as in the invention of claim 5, when the holding member of the large tire is integrally fixed to each floor board door, when the floor board door is rotated and the floor surface is opened, the holding member is stood up. It is possible to contact and hold the side surface of the large tire. According to this structure, the holding device for the large tire can be configured by using the floor plate door that opens the floor surface of the trailer, and the large tire can be efficiently held stably during the trailer traveling.

  By the way, when the holding member is fixed integrally to the floor board door and the floor board door is to be brought into contact with a large tire when the floor board door is rotated, there is a gap between the floor frame door and the main frame in a state of constituting the floor surface. (If there is no gap, it is difficult to rotate the floor board door integrated with the restraining member). As in the invention of claim 6, a floor surface for cargo loading which eliminates this gap and is flush with the upper surface of the main frame by attaching an auxiliary floor plate spanning the main frame to each floor plate door by a double hinge. Can be formed. Further, as in the seventh aspect of the invention, when the floor plate door is rotated to open the floor surface, the restraining member comes into contact with the intermediate main frame and the position is regulated. It can be stably supported by a main frame having high rigidity and strength, and can counter external forces acting on large tires when traveling on a trailer.

1 is an overall view schematically showing a state when a large tire is loaded on a trailer according to an embodiment of the present invention and connected to a tractor. It is a figure which shows the trailer of this invention alone. It is a figure which shows the floor-plate door and the suppression member in the trailer of FIG. 1 which is an Example of this invention. It is a figure which shows the conventional trailer which conveys a large tire by horizontal loading. It is a figure which shows the conventional method which reduces the dimension of the conventional method and the large tire which reduce the total height of the trailer which loaded the cargo. It is a reference figure which shows the trailer which stood and loaded the large tire.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a trailer for transporting a large tire will be described as the trailer of the present invention for transporting an annular article based on the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the trailer 1 of the present invention is a low-floor type trailer, and has a floor surface of a front portion 11 (gooseneck portion) connected to a towing tractor TR and a floor of a rear portion 12 to which an axle AX is attached. The intermediate portion 13 on which the cargo is loaded has a low floor. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the large tire TY to be transported is a tire having an outer diameter of 3800 mm and a width dimension of 1400 mm, which is the same as the super large tire of FIG. Are placed in a leaning state with the front side of the trailer 1 being in the front-rear direction of the trailer 1. The loaded large tire TY is secured to the trailer 1 by a binding means BD such as a chain or a rope.

In the front part 11, the rear part 12 and the intermediate part 13, two main frames extending in parallel with the vehicle longitudinal direction are respectively arranged, and thereby a skeletal structure for supporting a load of a large tire to be loaded or the like. Is formed. As shown in FIG. 2, in the trailer 1 of the present invention, the two main frames 11F of the front part 11 and the two main frames 13F of the intermediate part 13 are in plan view (FIG. 2 (a)). Each of them is arranged so as to be linear, and the interval WF is larger than the width dimension WT of the large tire TY (FIG. 1 (c)).
In the lightly colored portion in FIG. 2 (a), a floor board for loading and unloading the large tire TY is stretched, and the two main frames between and after the two main frames 13F. During 11F, the floor can be opened.

The main frame 11F and the main frame 13F are high-strength steel members having an I-shaped cross section in which a web plate is welded to the center of the upper and lower flange plates (see FIG. 3 to be described later), and a load such as a large tire is mainly applied. The horizontal width of the main frame 13F is larger than the horizontal width of the main frame 11F, and both the main frames are connected by a rising portion FR (FIG. 2B) extending in the vertical direction. Between the main frames, a cross member CM extending in the lateral width direction is installed at an appropriate location, and a side rail SR is installed outside. A king pin KP for connecting to the tractor is attached to the lower surface of the front portion of the front portion 11.
The interval between the two main frames 12F arranged at the rear portion 12 of the trailer 1 is set to be smaller than the interval between the intermediate main frame 13F (and the front main frame 11F). This is to secure a space for mounting a plurality of tires on both sides of the axle AX attached to the rear part 12 of the trailer so as to support heavy loads such as large tires. The front end portion of the main frame 12F is fixed to the cross member CM provided in the rising portion RR by welding inside the two main frames 13F.

  In the trailer 1 of the present invention, not only the distance between the two main frames 13F of the intermediate portion 13 is larger than the width dimension of the large tire TY, but also the interval between the main frames 11F of the front portion 11 is configured in the same manner, and The floor of this part can be opened. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1, the large tire TY in a leaning state falls between the main frames 13F of the intermediate portion 13 and enters between the main frames 11F of the gooseneck portion. It is possible to load the vehicle so that it is in a forward position. Since the main frame 13F of the intermediate portion 13 usually has a height dimension of about 300 mm, even if it is an ultra-large tire having an outer diameter of 3800 mm and a width dimension of 1400 mm, it is dropped between the main frames. The total height when loaded is within a limit value of 4100 mm that allows normal travel on the designated road.

  Further, the large tire TY in a leaning state enters between the main frames 11F of the front portion 11 and is loaded so as to be as far forward as possible of the trailer 1. Therefore, another large tire can be loaded on the low floor portion of the trailer between the large tire loaded at the front position and the rising portion RR of the rear frame 12, thereby improving the transportation efficiency. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, another large tire is loaded, but the floor on the rear side of the low floor portion is covered with a cover plate, and cargo other than the large tire can be loaded.

Here, in the embodiment of the trailer of the present invention shown in FIG. 1, a pair of left and right floor plate doors 20 that can be rotated are provided on the floor surface of the intermediate portion 13 of the trailer 1 having a low floor. The floor surface of the intermediate portion 13 on which the tire is loaded can be opened. The floor board door 20 is integrally provided with a restraining member 21. When the floor board door 20 is rotated to open the floor surface, the floor board door 20 comes into contact with the side surface of the large tire TY in a state where the restraining member 21 is leaned, It is comprised so that this may be hold | maintained, and, below, such a floor board door 20 is demonstrated based on FIG.
In addition, in FIG.1 (c), although the suppression member 21 is represented in the state which is not contacting the side surface of the large tyre TY for easy understanding, in reality, when the large tyre TY is leaned up, The side surface of the lower portion of the large tire TY projects outward due to its own weight and comes into contact with the holding member 21.

3 (a) and 3 (c) are cross-sectional views taken along the line B-B of FIG. 1 (b). FIG. 3 (a) shows a floor surface by closing a pair of floor plate doors 20. FIG. FIG. 3C shows a state where the floor board door 20 is opened and a large tire is loaded. FIG. 3B schematically shows a perspective view of the floor board door 20.
As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3C, a bottom plate BP is provided between the lower flanges of the main frame 13F in the intermediate portion 13, and the floor plate door 20 is connected to the electric hydraulic cylinder unit CU. It can be rotated 90 ° around the rotation rod 22. As shown in FIG. 1B, the electric hydraulic cylinder unit CU is attached to a bottom plate BP at a position slightly away from the floor plate door 20 by a bracket (not shown) so as to allow a peristaltic movement accompanying expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder.

  As shown in the perspective view of FIG. 3B, the floor board door 20 is formed by connecting the floor board 23 and the holding member 21 by a plurality of rib plates 24 extending in the vertical direction. A rotating rod 22 extending in the front-rear direction of the trailer is fixed to the lateral end of the holding member 21 by welding. The rotating rod 22 is held by a bearing bracket (not shown) fixed to the lower flange of the main frame 13F, and the hydraulic pressure of the electric hydraulic cylinder unit CU is passed through an arm 25 fixed to the end of the rotating rod 22. Connected to the cylinder. Further, an auxiliary floor plate 26 is attached to the end portion of the floor plate 23 on the rotating rod 22 side by a double hinge 27.

When a large tire is not loaded on the trailer, the hydraulic cylinder is shortened to the state shown in FIG. In this way, the left and right floor board doors 20 are drawn between the two main frames 13F so that the restraining member 21 is substantially parallel to the bottom board BP, and the floor board 23 coincides with the upper surface of the upper flange of the main frame 13F. It becomes. At this time, when the auxiliary floor plate 26 is deployed, the auxiliary hinge 26 is spanned between the floor plate 23 and the upper surface of the upper flange without the double hinge 27 protruding to the surface (such a double hinge mechanism is well known). For example, it is disclosed in Utility Model Registration No. 2537306).
Thus, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 of the present invention, the floor surface is constituted by a pair of floor board doors 20 divided along the center line in the front-rear direction of the trailer, and each floor board door 20 extends in the front-rear direction. The rotary shaft 22 is opened and closed like a double door. When the floor plate door 20 is closed, a floor surface having a low floor is formed in the intermediate portion 13 of the trailer, so that normal cargo other than large tires can be loaded and large tires can be loaded. Therefore, it is not necessary to remove the floorboard part and store it in another place.

When loading a large tire, as shown in FIG. 3 (c), first, the auxiliary floor plate 26 is folded on the surface of the floor plate 23, and then the hydraulic cylinder is extended to rotate the rotating rod 22 through the arm 25 by 90 °. Rotate. Thereby, the floor board door 20 is also rotated to form an opening for loading a large tire, and at the same time, the restraining member 21 is brought into an upright state. At this time, the distance between the left and right restraining members 21 is such that the restraining member 21 is in contact with the side surface of the large tire TY in a leaning state (the lower side surface projects outward due to its own weight as described above). The distance is set so as to support this, and therefore the floor board door 20 also serves as a large tire holding device.
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3C, the 90 ° cut portion X formed in the holding member 21 comes into contact with the corner portion of the upper flange of the main frame 13F when the upright state is reached, and the holding member The position of 21 is regulated. As a result, since the restraining member 21 is supported by the main frame 13F having high rigidity and strength, it is possible to stably hold the large tire TY against an external force that acts during trailer traveling or the like.

  As described above in detail, the present invention is a low-floor trailer that has two main frames and conveys a ring-shaped article such as a super-large tire. In addition, each is continuous in a straight line in a plan view, and the interval is set to be larger than the width-direction dimension of the ring-shaped article. The main frame is stacked so as to enter below the upper surface of the main frame and to enter between the front main frames. In the above-described embodiment, a pair of floor board doors are provided in the middle part of the low-floor trailer, and this is opened and closed like a double door, thereby forming an opening for loading an annular article. A removable cover plate can be installed between the two main frames to form the opening. In the above-described embodiment, the floor board door is opened and closed by a hydraulic cylinder, but it is obvious that various modifications can be made to the above-described embodiment, such as opening and closing by an electric motor via a reduction gear.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Tire (annular shaped goods) transport trailer 11F Front main frame 13F Middle (low floor) main frame 20 Floor plate door 21 Holding member 22 Rotating rod CU Electric hydraulic cylinder unit TY Tire TR Tractor TL Trailer MF mainframe

Claims (8)

A trailer that is pulled by a tractor and transports an annular shaped article,
The trailer includes a front part connected to a tractor, a rear part to which an axle is attached, and an intermediate part having a floor surface lower than the front part and the rear part, and the front part, the intermediate part and the rear part include , two main frame extending parallel to the longitudinal direction is found respectively,
The upper surfaces of the two main frames of the intermediate part are higher than the upper surfaces of the two main frames of the front part and the rear part so that the floor surface provided in the intermediate part is lower than the front part and the rear part. Set low , and
The two main frames at the front portion and the two main frames at the intermediate portion are each linearly continuous in a plan view, and the distance between the two main frames is larger than the widthwise dimension of the annular article. Installed in
The floor surface on the front side of the intermediate portion can be opened. When the floor surface is opened, the ring-shaped article is one of the ring-shaped articles in a state where the ring-shaped article is leaned with the ring-shaped face in the front-rear direction. The trailer is loaded so that the portion enters below the upper surface of the main frame of the intermediate portion and enters between the main frames of the front portion. The floor surface on the front side of the intermediate portion can be opened, the floor surface on the rear side can be opened, and when the floor surface on the rear side is opened, the ring-shaped article becomes the ring-shaped article. 2. The trailer according to claim 1, wherein a part of the ring-shaped article is stacked so as to enter below the upper surface of the main frame of the intermediate portion in a state where the surface is leaned in the front-rear direction. The openable floor surface of the intermediate portion is constituted by a removable floor plate, and a removable cover plate is provided between the front main frames into which a part of the annular article enters. Item 3. The trailer according to item 1 or item 2. The openable floor surface of the intermediate portion is composed of a pair of floorboard doors divided along a front-rear direction center line of the trailer, and each of the floorboard doors rotates about a rotation axis extending in the front-rear direction. The trailer according to claim 1 or 2, which is possible. Each of the floor plate doors is integrally fixed with a ring-shaped article restraining member and connected to a driving device for rotation. When the floor plate door is rotated to open the floor surface The trailer according to claim 4, which contacts and holds a side surface of the annular article in a state where the holding member is leaned. 6. The trailer according to claim 5, wherein an auxiliary floor plate that spans the main frame in the intermediate portion in a state of constituting a floor surface is attached to each of the floor plate doors by a double hinge. The trailer according to claim 5 or 6, wherein when the floor plate door is rotated to open the floor surface, the restraining member is brought into contact with the main frame of the intermediate portion and the position thereof is regulated. The trailer according to claim 1, wherein the annular article is a tire.