JP5590773B2 - Steel material control method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to control of mechanical properties of steel using a strong magnetic field. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for suppressing age hardening at the time of wire drawing of a high carbon steel wire, room temperature aging after wire drawing, and ferrite region decarburization in a low temperature region in hot rolling.

  Conventionally, a method of adjusting a mechanical property by controlling a structure by suppressing various phenomena caused by diffusion of interstitial elements in steel has been used. For example, there is a method disclosed in Patent Document 1 as a technique for suppressing ductility deterioration due to heat generation during drawing of a high carbon steel wire.

  This method is a technique for preventing the ductility from deteriorating by directly cooling the steel wire with water with respect to a phenomenon in which the high temperature is generated by the heat generated during the wire drawing and the interstitial elements are easily diffused.

  However, even if this method of directly cooling the steel wire is used, a wire with a diameter of 0.15 to 0.4 mm, such as a steel cord, of 3.0 GPa or more increases deformation resistance due to a decrease in processing temperature, thereby On the contrary, there was an increase in heat generation, and there was a problem that a sufficient cooling effect could not be obtained.

On the other hand, when the rolled wire rod of high carbon steel containing Si in a large amount in hot rolling, in the course of hot rolling, the temperature of the steel material to a temperature below Ae ₃ transformation point, ferrite is generated, the carbon in the ferrite There was a problem that decarburization was promoted because of the high diffusion rate.

  For such a problem, for example, there is a technique disclosed in Patent Document 2. In this method, antimony is added to the steel to form a finer Sb oxide than the Fe oxide on the surface of the steel, thereby preventing the escape of carbon from the surface of the steel.

  However, this method uses an element having a large environmental load such as antimony, so that there are many limitations in practical use, and there is a problem that it cannot be generally used.

JP 62-284044 A JP-A-01-319650

  As described above, even if processing techniques, steel material components, etc. are devised, there are limits to the solutions to the problems caused by the diffusion of interstitial elements in steel, and new control technology methods related to the diffusion of interstitial elements are necessary. It was said.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and is a method for controlling the diffusion of interstitial elements such as carbon, nitrogen, and hydrogen that affects the mechanical properties of steel materials such as iron and steel. The purpose is to provide a technique for improving the mechanical properties of steel materials.

  More specifically, for example, hot-rolling for high-carbon steel wire used for piano wire, hard steel wire, etc. used for thinning applications such as steel cord, belt cord, rubber hose wire, rope wire, etc. By providing a high carbon steel wire with high ductility, which is excellent in later wire drawing workability and hardly generates internal defects during wire drawing, it is possible to omit intermediate patenting treatment, It aims to provide a high carbon steel wire rod.

  The gist of the present invention is as follows.

(1) When cold working steel containing 0.3% by mass or more of carbon,
The cold working is wire drawing performed using a die, and
A method for controlling the material of a steel material, characterized in that at least a processing with a reduction in area of 10% or more is performed while applying a strong magnetic field of 1 Tesla or more to the steel at the exit side of the die.

  According to the present invention, it has become possible to suppress age hardening that occurs during processing of steel, which has been impossible in the past, room temperature aging that occurs after processing, or decarburization in the ferrite region that occurs during hot rolling. .

  By this, for example, it is possible to suppress age hardening of the drawn wire, and to suppress decarburization by applying a magnetic field in ferrite region rolling when hot rolling high carbon steel, High ductility of wire or steel wire has become possible.

  The inventors of the present invention have arrived at the present invention by paying attention to the diffusion rate of carbon in ferrite in a strong magnetic field. The carbon diffusion rate in the strong magnetic field measured by the present inventors is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, by applying a strong magnetic field of 6 Tesla, the diffusion coefficient of carbon in iron is approximately one-fourth.

  That is, by applying a strong magnetic field to the steel material, the diffusion rate of carbon in the steel is reduced to about a quarter. By utilizing this fact, carbon diffusion can be delayed by applying a magnetic field to those in which carbon diffusion affects the change in the mechanical properties of steel.

  And suppression of this carbon diffusion rate is remarkable in steel with a carbon content of 0.3% by mass or more.

  Further, the effect of suppressing the diffusion rate of carbon by the magnetic field increases in proportion to the strength of the magnetic field, as shown in FIG.

  Therefore, it is necessary to apply a magnetic field of 1 Tesla or higher that clearly shows the influence of the magnetic field on the diffusion rate of carbon. In the present invention, a magnetic field of 1 Tesla or more is used, but the strength of the magnetic field can be adjusted according to the expected effect.

  When processing steel, if the degree of processing is small, the compressive stress does not reach the center of the steel material, and internal cracks are generated. Therefore, the processing area reduction rate needs to be at least 10% or more.

  Also, in the case of wire drawing using a die, the temperature of the steel material is the highest on the exit side of the die, so in the case of processing using a die, it is necessary to apply a strong magnetic field at least at the exit side position of the die. There is.

  Note that the skin pass wire drawing performed after this wire drawing processing usually has a surface reduction rate of 1% or more and less than 10%, but it is a condition that does not cause a crack that causes a capty break in the wire drawing wire. For example, the strong magnetic field of the present invention can be used.

  Similarly, it can be used to suppress the aging phenomenon that occurs at room temperature after the steel material is processed. In this case, since room temperature aging appears especially with a steel wire of 0.3% or more, it is applied to a steel wire containing 0.3% or more of carbon.

  In addition, since room temperature aging is affected not only by the carbon content but also by the dislocation density introduced by wire drawing, a magnetic field of 1 Tesla or higher after processing when processing at 1.5 or more true strain is performed. It is effective to hold in a state of applying.

  The effect of such a strong magnetic field is typified by carbon, but even with other interstitial elements such as nitrogen or hydrogen, the diffusion coefficient can be similarly reduced by a strong magnetic field. is there.

  Next, the fact that decarburization of the steel material surface layer can be suppressed by applying a strong magnetic field to the steel material will be described.

In the case where decarburization is suppressed by applying a magnetic field, the influence of ferrite region decarburization is increased in steel containing 0.3% or more of carbon. In addition, the decarburization of the ferrite region has a large influence in a temperature range of 500 ° C. or more at which carbon diffusion becomes fast, and decarburization becomes large in a temperature region below the Ae ₃ transformation point where ferrite forms in γ. Therefore, 500 ° C. or higher, it is assumed to apply a magnetic field in a temperature range of Ae ₃ transformation point.

  Since the strength of the magnetic field is affected by the atmosphere during rolling, it can be adjusted according to the size of decarburization and the required control range of decarburization. In general, since the effect of suppressing decarburization increases with an intensity of 1 Tesla or higher, a magnetic field of 1 Tesla or higher is applied.

Also, since decarburization occurs below the Ae ₃ transformation point during hot working, rolling the steel while applying a strong magnetic field in the temperature range below the Ae ₃ transformation point. Is also effective in suppressing decarburization.

Example 1
In an actual furnace, steel corresponding to JIS SWRS82A was melted and hot rolled to obtain a wire having a diameter of 5.5 mm. The obtained wire was subjected to wire drawing and intermediate heat treatment to obtain a wire having a diameter of 1.85 mm. Thereafter, austenitization was performed at 950 ° C., and lead patenting treatment was performed by immersing in a 575 ° C. lead bath. Furthermore, a 1.85 mm diameter steel wire was made into a 0.3 mm diameter wire by wire drawing using a wet continuous wire drawing machine.

  In the case of the wire according to the present invention, a magnetic field generator for applying a strong magnetic field was disposed on the die exit side of the continuous wire drawing machine to perform wire drawing.

  Table 1 shows the strength of the magnetic field applied to the wire on the exit side of the final die, the result of a tensile test performed immediately after wire drawing, and the presence or absence of delamination in the twist test. In the inventive methods 1 to 3, the tensile strength TS is slightly low, but no delamination occurs in the twist test. In Comparative Method 4, no magnetic field was applied, and delamination occurred in the twist test after wire drawing.

  Table 2 shows changes in the mechanical properties of the wire when the sample of the method 3 of the present invention shown in Table 1 is left at room temperature and when the sample is placed at room temperature with a strong magnetic field applied. It can be seen that aging at room temperature is suppressed by applying a strong magnetic field.

(Example 2)
In an actual furnace, steels having component compositions shown in Table 3 were melted. A 9 mm diameter wire was obtained by hot rolling. After austenitizing at 1000 ° C., water cooling was performed from 800 ° C., processing was performed in the air to a diameter of 7 mm, and then a patenting process was performed in which it was immediately immersed in a 600 ° C. lead bath. At that time, the test was conducted under the two conditions of the present method in which a strong magnetic field of 6 Tesla was applied and the comparative method in which no magnetic field was applied.

  Table 4 shows the decarburization depth of the obtained wire. It can be seen that the decarburization depth is reduced by the method of the present invention.

It is a figure which shows the change of the diffusion coefficient by a strong magnetic field. It is a figure which shows the relationship between a magnetic field intensity and a diffusion coefficient.

Claims (1)

When cold working steel containing 0.3 mass% or more of carbon,
The cold working is wire drawing performed using a die, and
A method for controlling the material of a steel material, characterized in that at least a processing with a reduction in area of 10% or more is performed while applying a strong magnetic field of 1 Tesla or more to the steel at the exit side of the die.

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