JP5568347B2 - Oil type determination device and method - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 23
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 claims description 76
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 164
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 164
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 240000008415 Lactuca sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010721 machine oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003305 oil spill Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012045 salad Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000010723 turbine oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
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Description
本発明は、油の種類を判定する油種判定装置と方法に関する。 The present invention relates to an oil type determination apparatus and method for determining the type of oil.
河川や海などの水に、「油らしきもの」が浮遊していることがある。これが油である場合、その油の種類を判定することで、油流出の原因を突き止め、油流出を防ぐ対策を立てることができる。 “Oil-like things” may be floating in water such as rivers and seas. When this is oil, by determining the type of the oil, it is possible to determine the cause of the oil spill and to take measures to prevent the oil spill.
なお、本願の技術分野における先行技術文献として、下記の特許文献１がある。 In addition, there exists the following patent document 1 as a prior art document in the technical field of this application.
従来では、河川などの水に混在している油の種類を判定するために、その油を分析している。この分析には、時間がかかっていた。例えば、油のサンプルを試験室に持ち帰り、油の成分を解析していた。この解析では、油分を有機溶媒で抽出する必要がある。そのため、油の種類を判定するのに時間がかかっていた。 Conventionally, in order to determine the type of oil mixed in water such as a river, the oil is analyzed. This analysis took time. For example, an oil sample was taken back to the test room and analyzed for oil components. In this analysis, it is necessary to extract the oil with an organic solvent. Therefore, it took time to determine the type of oil.
なお、特許文献１では、光ファイバに液体を付着させ、この付着部分から光が光ファイバから外部へ漏れることを利用している。すなわち、光ファイバを、漏れずに伝播した光量を検出し、この光量に基づいて、液体が水か油かを判定している。しかし、この構成で、油の種類を判定することはできない。なぜなら、光ファイバに付着した油の量によって、光ファイバを、漏れずに伝播する光量が変化するからである。 In Patent Document 1, a liquid is attached to the optical fiber, and light leaks from the attached portion to the outside from the attached portion. That is, the amount of light that has propagated through the optical fiber without leaking is detected, and based on this amount of light, it is determined whether the liquid is water or oil. However, with this configuration, the type of oil cannot be determined. This is because the amount of oil that propagates through the optical fiber changes without depending on the amount of oil adhering to the optical fiber.
そこで、本発明の目的は、時間をかけることなく、油の種類を判定することができる油種判定装置と方法を提供することにある。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an oil type determination apparatus and method that can determine the type of oil without taking time.
上記目的を達成するため、本発明によると、第１の波長を有する第１波長光と、第２の波長を有する第２波長光とを用いて、油の種類を判定する油種判定装置であって、
第１波長光と第２波長光を発する光発生手段と、
光発生手段からの第１波長光と第２波長光が伝播する光ファイバと、
該光ファイバを伝播した第１波長光と第２波長光を検出する検出装置と、を備え、
前記光ファイバは、光が伝播するコア部と、該コア部から外部に光が漏れないように該コア部を覆う被覆部とを有し、
前記光ファイバは、その長手方向の途中において、油に接触させるセンサ部分を有し、該センサ部分では、前記コア部が露出しており、
前記検出装置は、
第１波長光の光量および第２波長光の光量を別々に検出する光量検出部と、
第１波長光の光量に基づいて、前記センサ部分に接触していた油への第１波長光の吸光度を算出し、第２波長光の光量に基づいて、前記センサ部分に接触していた油への第２波長光の吸光度を算出する第１の演算部と、
第１波長光の前記吸光度と、第２波長光の前記吸光度との比率を、油種判定用比率として算出する第２の演算部と、を有し、
２次元平面において、第１波長光の吸光度と第２波長光の吸光度との比率を示す座標軸を座標軸Ｒｘとし、第３波長光の吸光度と第４波長光の吸光度との比率を示す座標軸を座標軸Ｒｙとし、油種毎に、該油種が属する２次元の範囲を、前記座標軸Ｒｘおよび前記座標軸Ｒｙとは異なる座標軸Ｒｚの範囲に変換し、変換した該範囲を油種毎比率データとして求めておき、
第１波長光と第２波長光との少なくとも一方と、第３波長光と第４波長光との少なくとも一方とが、異なる波長を有し、
前記油種判定用比率を前記座標軸Ｒｚの座標値にした比率と、前記油種毎比率データとの比較に基づいて、油の種類を判定する、ことを特徴とする油種判定装置が提供される。
In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, an oil type determination device that determines the type of oil using first wavelength light having a first wavelength and second wavelength light having a second wavelength. There,
Light generating means for emitting first wavelength light and second wavelength light;
An optical fiber through which the first wavelength light and the second wavelength light from the light generating means propagate;
A detection device for detecting the first wavelength light and the second wavelength light propagated through the optical fiber,
The optical fiber has a core portion through which light propagates and a covering portion that covers the core portion so that light does not leak outside from the core portion,
The optical fiber has a sensor part that is brought into contact with oil in the middle of the longitudinal direction, and the core part is exposed in the sensor part,
The detection device includes:
A light amount detector for separately detecting the light amount of the first wavelength light and the light amount of the second wavelength light;
Based on the light amount of the first wavelength light, the absorbance of the first wavelength light to the oil that has been in contact with the sensor portion is calculated, and based on the light amount of the second wavelength light, the oil that has been in contact with the sensor portion A first calculator that calculates the absorbance of the second wavelength light to
It said absorbance at the first wavelength, the ratio of the absorbance at the second wavelength light, possess a second arithmetic unit for calculating the oil type determination ratio, a,
In the two-dimensional plane, the coordinate axis indicating the ratio between the absorbance of the first wavelength light and the absorbance of the second wavelength light is the coordinate axis Rx, and the coordinate axis indicating the ratio of the absorbance of the third wavelength light and the absorbance of the fourth wavelength light is the coordinate axis. Ry, for each oil type, a two-dimensional range to which the oil type belongs is converted into a range of the coordinate axis Rz different from the coordinate axis Rx and the coordinate axis Ry, and the converted range is obtained as ratio data for each oil type Every
At least one of the first wavelength light and the second wavelength light and at least one of the third wavelength light and the fourth wavelength light have different wavelengths,
An oil type determination device is provided that determines the type of oil based on a comparison between the ratio of the oil type determination ratio as a coordinate value of the coordinate axis Rz and the ratio data for each oil type. The
本発明の好ましい実施形態によると、光発生手段は、第１波長光と第２波長光を含む光を発し、
前記検出装置は、光発生手段から発せられ前記センサ部分を通過した光から、第１波長光と第２波長光とを分離させる光分離手段と、を有する。
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the light generating means emits light including the first wavelength light and the second wavelength light,
The detection device includes light separation means for separating the first wavelength light and the second wavelength light from the light emitted from the light generation means and passed through the sensor portion.
代わりに、光発生手段は、第１波長光を発生させる第１波長光発生部と、第２波長光を発生させる第２長光発生部と、を有していてもよい。 Instead, the light generation means may include a first wavelength light generation unit that generates the first wavelength light and a second long light generation unit that generates the second wavelength light.
油種判定装置は、水を掬い取る柄杓部を備え、前記センサ部分は、掬い取られた水に接触できるように前記柄杓部内に配置されていてもよい。 The oil type determination device may include a handle rod portion that scoops water, and the sensor portion may be disposed in the handle rod portion so as to be in contact with the scooped water.
また、上記目的を達成するため、本発明によると、第１の波長を有する第１波長光と、第２の波長を有する第２波長光とを用いて、油の種類を判定し、
第１波長光と第２波長光を発する光発生手段と、
光発生手段からの第１波長光と第２波長光が伝播する光ファイバと、
該光ファイバを伝播した第１波長光と第２波長光を検出する検出装置と、を備え、
前記光ファイバは、光が伝播するコア部と、該コア部から外部に光が漏れないように該コア部を覆う被覆部とを有し、
前記光ファイバは、その長手方向の途中において、油に接触させるセンサ部分を有し、該センサ部分では、前記コア部が露出しており、
前記検出装置は、
第１波長光の光量および第２波長光の光量を別々に検出する光量検出部と、
第１波長光の光量に基づいて、前記センサ部分に接触していた油への第１波長光の吸光度を算出し、第２波長光の光量に基づいて、前記センサ部分に接触していた油への第２波長光の吸光度を算出する第１の演算部と、
第１波長光の前記吸光度と、第２波長光の前記吸光度との比率を、油種判定用比率として算出する第２の演算部と、を有する油種判定装置を用いた油種判定方法であり、
２次元平面において、第１波長光の吸光度と第２波長光の吸光度との比率を示す座標軸を座標軸Ｒｘとし、第３波長光の吸光度と第４波長光の吸光度との比率を示す座標軸を座標軸Ｒｙとし、油種毎に、該油種が属する２次元の範囲を、前記座標軸Ｒｘおよび前記座標軸Ｒｙと異なる座標軸Ｒｚの範囲に変換し、変換した該範囲を油種毎比率データとして求めておき、
第３波長光と第４波長光との少なくとも一方は、前記第１波長光と前記第２波長光との少なくとも一方と異なる波長であり、
前記油種判定用比率を前記座標軸Ｒｚの座標値にした比率と、前記油種毎比率データとの比較に基づいて、油の種類を判定する、ことを特徴とする油種判定方法が提供される。
In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, the type of oil is determined using the first wavelength light having the first wavelength and the second wavelength light having the second wavelength,
Light generating means for emitting first wavelength light and second wavelength light;
An optical fiber through which the first wavelength light and the second wavelength light from the light generating means propagate;
A detection device for detecting the first wavelength light and the second wavelength light propagated through the optical fiber,
The optical fiber has a core portion through which light propagates and a covering portion that covers the core portion so that light does not leak outside from the core portion,
The optical fiber has a sensor part that is brought into contact with oil in the middle of the longitudinal direction, and the core part is exposed in the sensor part,
The detection device includes:
A light amount detector for separately detecting the light amount of the first wavelength light and the light amount of the second wavelength light;
Based on the light amount of the first wavelength light, the absorbance of the first wavelength light to the oil that has been in contact with the sensor portion is calculated, and based on the light amount of the second wavelength light, the oil that has been in contact with the sensor portion A first calculator that calculates the absorbance of the second wavelength light to
An oil type determination method using an oil type determination device having a second calculation unit that calculates a ratio between the absorbance of the first wavelength light and the absorbance of the second wavelength light as an oil type determination ratio. Yes,
In the two-dimensional plane, the coordinate axis indicating the ratio between the absorbance of the first wavelength light and the absorbance of the second wavelength light is the coordinate axis Rx, and the coordinate axis indicating the ratio of the absorbance of the third wavelength light and the absorbance of the fourth wavelength light is the coordinate axis. Ry, for each oil type, a two-dimensional range to which the oil type belongs is converted into a range of the coordinate axis Rz and the coordinate axis Rz different from the coordinate axis Ry, and the converted range is obtained as ratio data for each oil type. ,
At least one of the third wavelength light and the fourth wavelength light is a wavelength different from at least one of the first wavelength light and the second wavelength light,
An oil type determination method is provided, wherein an oil type is determined based on a comparison between a ratio of the oil type determination ratio as a coordinate value of the coordinate axis Rz and the ratio data for each oil type. The
本発明の好ましい実施形態によると、（Ａ）前記センサ部分を油に接触させた状態で、光発生手段から光ファイバに第１波長光と第２波長光を伝播させて、光量検出部により、第１波長光の光量および第２波長光の光量を別々に検出し、
（Ｂ）第１の演算部により、第１波長光の光量に基づいて、前記センサ部分に接触していた油への第１波長光の吸光度を算出し、第２波長光の光量に基づいて、前記センサ部分に接触していた油への第２波長光の吸光度を算出し、
（Ｃ）第２の演算部により、第１波長光の前記吸光度と、第２波長光の前記吸光度との比率を、油種判定用比率として算出する。
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, (A) with the sensor portion in contact with oil, the first wavelength light and the second wavelength light are propagated from the light generating means to the optical fiber, Separately detecting the light quantity of the first wavelength light and the light quantity of the second wavelength light,
(B) Based on the light quantity of 1st wavelength light, the 1st calculating part calculates the light absorbency of 1st wavelength light to the oil which was contacting the said sensor part, and based on the light quantity of 2nd wavelength light Calculating the absorbance of the second wavelength light to the oil that has been in contact with the sensor portion;
(C) The ratio of the absorbance of the first wavelength light and the absorbance of the second wavelength light is calculated as the oil type determination ratio by the second calculation unit .
好ましくは、（Ｆ）前記（Ｂ）で検出した第１波長光の吸光度または第２波長光の吸光度が、下限値以下である場合には、油が存在していないとするか、または、センサ部分への油の接触量が少ないとして、再び、前記（Ａ）、（Ｂ）を行う。 Preferably, (F) when the absorbance of the first wavelength light or the absorbance of the second wavelength light detected in (B) is equal to or lower than the lower limit value, no oil is present or the sensor The above (A) and (B) are performed again assuming that the amount of oil contact with the portion is small.
また、好ましくは、（Ｇ）前記（Ｂ）で検出した第１波長光の吸光度または第２波長光の吸光度が、上限値以上である場合には、センサ部分への油の接触量が多すぎるとして、再び、前記（Ａ）、（Ｂ）、を行う。 Preferably, (G) when the absorbance of the first wavelength light or the absorbance of the second wavelength light detected in (B) is equal to or higher than the upper limit value, the amount of oil contact with the sensor portion is too large. Then, (A) and (B) are performed again.
上述した本発明によると、光ファイバのセンサ部分に第１波長光と第２波長光を伝播させ、センサ部分を伝播した第１波長光と第２波長光の光量を別々に検出し、第１波長光の光量に基づいて、前記センサ部分に接触していた油への第１波長光の吸光度を算出し、第２波長光の光量に基づいて、前記センサ部分に接触していた油への第２波長光の吸光度を算出し、第１波長光の前記吸光度と、第２波長光の前記吸光度との比率を、油種判定用比率として算出する。この油種判定用比率は、油種毎に異なるので、油種判定用比率に基づいて、時間をかけることなく、油の種類を判定することができる。 According to the present invention described above, the first wavelength light and the second wavelength light are propagated to the sensor portion of the optical fiber, and the light amounts of the first wavelength light and the second wavelength light propagated through the sensor portion are detected separately, and the first The absorbance of the first wavelength light to the oil that has been in contact with the sensor portion is calculated based on the light amount of the wavelength light, and the oil that has been in contact with the sensor portion is calculated based on the light amount of the second wavelength light. The absorbance of the second wavelength light is calculated, and the ratio between the absorbance of the first wavelength light and the absorbance of the second wavelength light is calculated as the oil type determination ratio. Since this oil type determination ratio differs for each oil type, the type of oil can be determined based on the oil type determination ratio without taking time.
本発明の実施形態を図面に基づいて説明する。なお、各図において共通する部分には同一の符号を付し、重複した説明を省略する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the common part in each figure, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.
（油種判定装置の構成）
図１は、本発明の実施形態による油種判定装置１０の構成図である。油種判定装置１０は、例えば水に混在している油の種類を判定する装置である。油種判定装置１０は、光発生手段３、光ファイバ５、および検出装置７を備える。
(Configuration of oil type determination device)
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an oil type determination device 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The oil type determination device 10 is a device that determines, for example, the type of oil mixed in water. The oil type determination device 10 includes a light generation means 3, an optical fiber 5, and a detection device 7.
光発生手段３は、第１の波長を有する第１波長光と、第２の波長を有する第２波長光とを発生させる。第１および第２の波長は、互いに異なっており、例えば、第１の波長は、４５０ｎｍであり、第２の波長は、６５０ｎｍである。
本実施形態では、光発生手段３は、第１波長光と第２波長光を含む光を発する。このような光発生手段３は、例えば、ハロゲンランプであってよい。
The light generating means 3 generates first wavelength light having a first wavelength and second wavelength light having a second wavelength. The first and second wavelengths are different from each other, for example, the first wavelength is 450 nm and the second wavelength is 650 nm.
In the present embodiment, the light generating means 3 emits light including first wavelength light and second wavelength light. Such light generating means 3 may be, for example, a halogen lamp.
光ファイバ５は、光発生手段３からの光が伝播する経路となる。光ファイバ５は、光が伝播するコア部５ａ（コア）と、該コア部５ａから光が外部に漏れないように該コア部５ａを覆う被覆部５ｂ（クラッド）とを有する。コア部５ａは、被覆部５ｂよりも光の屈折率が高く、これにより、コア部５ａ内の光は、コア部５ａと被覆部５ｂとの境界で全反射をしながら、光ファイバ５の長手方向に伝播していく。
光ファイバ５は、その長手方向の途中において、（例えば水に混在している）油に接触させるセンサ部分５ｃを有し、該センサ部分５ｃでは、光ファイバ５のコア部５ａが露出している。
The optical fiber 5 becomes a path through which light from the light generating means 3 propagates. The optical fiber 5 includes a core portion 5a (core) through which light propagates and a covering portion 5b (cladding) that covers the core portion 5a so that light does not leak outside from the core portion 5a. The core portion 5a has a higher refractive index of light than the covering portion 5b, so that the light in the core portion 5a is totally reflected at the boundary between the core portion 5a and the covering portion 5b, and the length of the optical fiber 5 is increased. Propagate in the direction.
The optical fiber 5 has a sensor portion 5c that is brought into contact with oil (for example, mixed in water) in the middle of the longitudinal direction, and the core portion 5a of the optical fiber 5 is exposed in the sensor portion 5c. .
検出装置７は、光ファイバ５を伝播した第１波長光と第２波長光を検出する。検出装置７は、光量検出部、第１の演算部、および第２の演算部を有する。 The detection device 7 detects the first wavelength light and the second wavelength light that have propagated through the optical fiber 5. The detection device 7 includes a light amount detection unit, a first calculation unit, and a second calculation unit.
光量検出部は、光ファイバ５を伝播した第１波長光の光量および第２波長光の光量を別々に検出する。光量検出部は、本実施形態では、光分離手段および受光部を有する。光分離手段は、光発生手段３から発せられセンサ部分５ｃを通過した光から、第１波長光と第２波長光を分離させる。受光部は、センサ部分５ｃを通過し、光分離手段により分離された第１波長光の光量と第２波長光の光量を別々に検出する。
例えば、光量検出部（光分離手段および受光部）は、分光器として構成されてよい。この場合、分光器は、プリズムまたは回折格子などの光学素子を用いて、光を分散させ、光のスペクトルを測定し、これにより、第１波長光の光量および第２波長光の光量を別々に検出する。
代わりに、光分離手段は、図２のように、光ファイバ５の分岐部５ｄと、第１および第２のフィルタ１３、１５とから構成され、受光部は、第１および第２の光検出器１７、１９とから構成されてもよい。この場合、分岐部５ｄが、センサ部分５ｃから延びてきている光ファイバ５を二つに分岐させる。分岐された一方の光ファイバ５に第１のフィルタ１３が設けられる。第１のフィルタ１３は、第１の波長（この例では、４５０ｎｍ）を持つ第１波長光のみを透過させる。この第１のフィルタ１３を透過した第１波長光が、第１の光検出器１７により検出される。同様に、分岐された他方の光ファイバ５に第２のフィルタ１５が設けられる。第２のフィルタ１５は、第２の波長（この例では、６５０ｎｍ）を持つ第２波長光のみを透過させる。この第２のフィルタ１５を透過した第２波長光が、第２の光検出器１９により検出される。
The light amount detection unit separately detects the light amount of the first wavelength light and the light amount of the second wavelength light propagated through the optical fiber 5. In this embodiment, the light amount detection unit includes a light separation unit and a light receiving unit. The light separation means separates the first wavelength light and the second wavelength light from the light emitted from the light generation means 3 and passed through the sensor portion 5c. The light receiving unit separately detects the light amount of the first wavelength light and the light amount of the second wavelength light that have passed through the sensor portion 5c and separated by the light separation unit.
For example, the light amount detection unit (the light separating unit and the light receiving unit) may be configured as a spectroscope. In this case, the spectroscope uses an optical element such as a prism or a diffraction grating to disperse the light and measure the spectrum of the light, whereby the light quantity of the first wavelength light and the light quantity of the second wavelength light are separately obtained. To detect.
Instead, as shown in FIG. 2, the light separating means is composed of a branching portion 5d of the optical fiber 5 and first and second filters 13 and 15, and the light receiving portion is the first and second light detecting members. And 17 and 19. In this case, the branch portion 5d branches the optical fiber 5 extending from the sensor portion 5c into two. A first filter 13 is provided on one of the branched optical fibers 5. The first filter 13 transmits only the first wavelength light having the first wavelength (450 nm in this example). The first wavelength light transmitted through the first filter 13 is detected by the first photodetector 17. Similarly, a second filter 15 is provided on the other branched optical fiber 5. The second filter 15 transmits only the second wavelength light having the second wavelength (650 nm in this example). The second wavelength light transmitted through the second filter 15 is detected by the second photodetector 19.
第１の演算部は、光量検出部が検出した第１波長光の光量に基づいて、センサ部分５ｃに接触していた油への第１波長光の吸光度を算出する。また、第１の演算部は、光量検出部が検出した第２波長光の光量に基づいて、センサ部分５ｃに接触していた油への第２波長光の吸光度を算出する。なお、本願において、吸光度とは、センサ部分５ｃ内から、センサ部分５ｃに接触している媒質（油など）へ光が透過する度合い（例えば、光量、または該光量を示す指標値）を意味する。 The first calculation unit calculates the absorbance of the first wavelength light to the oil that has been in contact with the sensor portion 5c, based on the light amount of the first wavelength light detected by the light amount detection unit. Further, the first calculation unit calculates the absorbance of the second wavelength light to the oil that has been in contact with the sensor portion 5c, based on the light amount of the second wavelength light detected by the light amount detection unit. In the present application, the absorbance means a degree (for example, a light amount or an index value indicating the light amount) of light transmitted from the sensor portion 5c to a medium (oil or the like) in contact with the sensor portion 5c. .
第２の演算部は、第１波長光の前記吸光度と、第２波長光の前記吸光度との比率を、油種判定用比率として算出する。 The second calculation unit calculates a ratio between the absorbance of the first wavelength light and the absorbance of the second wavelength light as the oil type determination ratio.
（油種判定の原理）
第１波長光の吸光度と、第２波長光の吸光度との比率は、センサ部分５ｃへの油の接触量（接触面積）が異なっても、当該油の種類に固有の一定値となるか、または、当該油の種類に固有の一定範囲内の値となる。一方、当該比率または当該比率の範囲は、油の種類毎に異なる。そこで、上述の油種判定用比率を求めることで、油の種類を判定することができる。
(Principle of oil type judgment)
Whether the ratio of the absorbance of the first wavelength light and the absorbance of the second wavelength light is a constant value specific to the type of oil even if the amount of contact (contact area) of the oil with the sensor portion 5c is different, Alternatively, the value is within a certain range specific to the type of oil. On the other hand, the ratio or the range of the ratio differs for each type of oil. Therefore, the type of oil can be determined by obtaining the above-described oil type determination ratio.
吸光度は、センサ部分５ｃに接触している媒質の光の屈折率（以下、単に屈折率という）に応じて変化する。光は、光の屈折率が高い物質から、屈折率の低い物質へは、透過しにくい。この例では、センサ部分５ｃの屈折率は、１．４９である。従って、センサ部分５ｃの外部が、屈折率が１．３３である水である場合に、センサ部分５ｃの内部を伝播する光は、センサ部分５ｃと水との境界面で全反射する。また、センサ部分５ｃの外部が、屈折率が１．０である空気である場合に、センサ部分５ｃの内部を伝播する光は、センサ部分５ｃと空気との境界面で全反射する。一方、センサ部分５ｃの外部が、屈折率が１．４以上である油である場合に、センサ部分５ｃの内部を伝播する光は、センサ部分５ｃと油との境界面で全反射せず、少なくとも一部が当該油内へ透過していく。 The absorbance changes according to the refractive index of light of the medium in contact with the sensor portion 5c (hereinafter simply referred to as the refractive index). Light is not easily transmitted from a material having a high refractive index to a material having a low refractive index. In this example, the refractive index of the sensor portion 5c is 1.49. Therefore, when the outside of the sensor portion 5c is water having a refractive index of 1.33, the light propagating inside the sensor portion 5c is totally reflected at the boundary surface between the sensor portion 5c and water. Further, when the outside of the sensor portion 5c is air having a refractive index of 1.0, the light propagating inside the sensor portion 5c is totally reflected at the boundary surface between the sensor portion 5c and air. On the other hand, when the outside of the sensor portion 5c is oil having a refractive index of 1.4 or more, the light propagating inside the sensor portion 5c is not totally reflected at the boundary surface between the sensor portion 5c and the oil, At least a portion permeates into the oil.
従って、センサ部分５ｃに油が接触している場合には、光量検出部で検出する光量は、センサ部分５ｃに油が接触していない場合よりも減少する。この減少量が、上述の吸光度（光量）に相当する。この減少量を検知することで、油がセンサ部分５ｃに接触していたと判断できる。
吸光度は、センサ部分５ｃに接触している油の種類によって異なる。すなわち、センサ部分５ｃに接触している油の屈折率が大きい程、吸光度は大きくなる。さらに、センサ部分５ｃに接触している油の屈折率が、コア部５ａの屈折率よりも大きい場合には、センサ部分５ｃ内から当該油内へ透過する光量が大幅に大きくなるので吸光度は大幅に増加する。
一方、吸光度は、センサ部分５ｃへの油の接触量（すなわち、センサ部分５ｃにおける油の接触面積）によっても変化する。このため、吸光度だけでは、油の種類を判定することができない。
Therefore, when oil is in contact with the sensor portion 5c, the amount of light detected by the light amount detection unit is smaller than when the oil is not in contact with the sensor portion 5c. This decrease amount corresponds to the above-described absorbance (light amount). By detecting this decrease amount, it can be determined that the oil is in contact with the sensor portion 5c.
The absorbance varies depending on the type of oil in contact with the sensor portion 5c. That is, the greater the refractive index of the oil in contact with the sensor portion 5c, the greater the absorbance. Further, when the refractive index of the oil in contact with the sensor portion 5c is larger than the refractive index of the core portion 5a, the amount of light transmitted from the sensor portion 5c into the oil is greatly increased, so that the absorbance is greatly increased. To increase.
On the other hand, the absorbance also changes depending on the amount of oil contact with the sensor portion 5c (that is, the oil contact area in the sensor portion 5c). For this reason, the type of oil cannot be determined only by absorbance.
しかし、第１波長光の吸光度Ｌ（λ１）と、第２波長光の吸光度Ｌ（λ２）との比率Ｒが、センサ部分５ｃへの油の接触量が異なっても、次の式（１）のように当該油の種類に固有の一定値（または、一定範囲）となる。
Ｒ＝Ｌ（λ１）／Ｌ（λ２）＝一定値または一定範囲（ただし油種は同じ） ・・・（１）
一方、この比率Ｒまたはこの比率Ｒの範囲は、油の種類毎に異なる。そこで、この比率Ｒまたはこの比率Ｒの範囲を、油の種類毎に、予め求めておき、これら比率または範囲を油種毎比率データとする。油種の判定対象の油について、前記比率Ｒを油種判定用比率として求め、この油種判定用比率Ｒを油種毎比率データＲｉ（ここで、Ｒの添え字ｉは、油の種類の識別子であり、ｎを２以上として、１〜ｎの整数である）と比較することで、油種を判定することができる。
However, even if the ratio R between the absorbance L (λ 1 ) of the first wavelength light and the absorbance L (λ 2 ) of the second wavelength light is different in the amount of oil contact with the sensor portion 5c, the following formula ( It becomes a fixed value (or a fixed range) specific to the type of oil as in 1).
R = L (λ 1 ) / L (λ 2 ) = constant value or constant range (however, the oil type is the same) (1)
On the other hand, the ratio R or the range of the ratio R is different for each type of oil. Therefore, the ratio R or the range of the ratio R is obtained in advance for each type of oil, and the ratio or range is used as ratio data for each oil type. The ratio R is determined as an oil type determination ratio for the oil to be determined as an oil type, and the oil type determination ratio R is used as the ratio data R i for each oil type (where the subscript i of R is the type of oil) The oil type can be determined by comparing with an identifier of 1 and n, where n is an integer of 1 to n.
第１波長光の吸光度Ｌ（λ１）と、第２波長の吸光度Ｌ（λ２）は、好ましくは、次の式（２）、（３）で表すものである。
Ｌ（λ１）＝−ｌｏｇＴ（λ１） ・・・（２）
Ｌ（λ２）＝−ｌｏｇＴ（λ２） ・・・（３）
Absorbance at the first wavelength L (lambda 1), the absorbance of the second wavelength L (lambda 2) is preferably the following formula (2), those represented by (3).
L (λ 1 ) = − log T (λ 1 ) (2)
L (λ 2 ) = − log T (λ 2 ) (3)
式（２）、（３）におけるｌｏｇは、ここでは常用対数を示す。
また、式（２）、（３）におけるＴ（λ１）、Ｔ（λ２）は、次の式（４）、（５）で表わされる。
Ｔ（λ１）＝｛Ｐ１α（λ１）−Ｂ１α（λ１）｝／｛Ｐ１β（λ１）−Ｂ１β（λ１）｝
・・・（４）
Ｔ（λ２）＝｛Ｐ２α（λ２）−Ｂ２α（λ２）｝／｛Ｐ２β（λ２）−Ｂ２β（λ２）｝
・・・（５）
In the equations (2) and (3), log represents a common logarithm here.
Further, T (λ 1 ) and T (λ 2 ) in the equations (2) and (3) are expressed by the following equations (4) and (5).
T (λ 1 ) = {P 1α (λ 1 ) −B 1α (λ 1 )} / {P 1β (λ 1 ) −B 1β (λ 1 )}
... (4)
T (λ 2 ) = {P 2α (λ 2 ) −B 2α (λ 2 )} / {P 2β (λ 2 ) −B 2β (λ 2 )}
... (5)
上式（４）、（５）の各記号の定義は、以下の通りである。
Ｐ１α（λ１）：センサ部分５ｃに油を接触させた状態で、光発生手段３から第１波長光を発生させ、これにより、光量検出部が検出した第１波長光の光量。
Ｂ１α（λ１）：センサ部分５ｃに油を接触させた状態で、かつ、光発生手段３から第１波長光を発生させない状態で、光量検出部が検出した第１波長光の光量。
Ｐ１β（λ１）：光がセンサ部分５ｃの内部から外部へ漏れないようにした状態で、光発生手段３から第１波長光を発生させ、これにより、光量検出部が検出した第１波長光の光量。
Ｂ１β（λ１）：光がセンサ部分５ｃの内部から外部へ漏れないようにした状態で、かつ、光発生手段３から第１波長光を発生させない状態で、光量検出部が検出した第１波長光の光量。
Ｐ２α（λ２）：センサ部分５ｃに油を接触させた状態で、光発生手段３から第２波長光を発生させ、これにより、光量検出部が検出した第２波長光の光量。
Ｂ２α（λ２）：センサ部分５ｃに油を接触させた状態で、かつ、光発生手段３から第２波長光を発生させない状態で、光量検出部が検出した第２波長光の光量。
Ｐ２β（λ２）：光がセンサ部分５ｃの内部から外部へ漏れないようにした状態で、光発生手段３から第２波長光を発生させ、これにより、光量検出部が検出した第２波長光の光量。
Ｂ２β（λ２）：光がセンサ部分５ｃの内部から外部へ漏れないようにした状態で、かつ、光発生手段３から第２波長光を発生させない状態で、光量検出部が検出した第２波長光の光量。
The definitions of the symbols in the above formulas (4) and (5) are as follows.
P 1α (λ 1 ): the light amount of the first wavelength light detected by the light amount detection unit by generating the first wavelength light from the light generating means 3 in a state where oil is in contact with the sensor portion 5c.
B 1α (λ 1 ): the light amount of the first wavelength light detected by the light amount detection unit in a state where the oil is in contact with the sensor portion 5 c and the first wavelength light is not generated from the light generating means 3.
P 1β (λ 1 ): First wavelength light is generated from the light generation means 3 in a state in which light does not leak from the inside of the sensor portion 5c, and thereby the first wavelength detected by the light amount detection unit The amount of light.
B 1β (λ 1 ): the first detected by the light amount detection unit in a state in which light does not leak from the inside of the sensor portion 5 c and the first wavelength light is not generated from the light generating means 3. The amount of wavelength light.
P 2α (λ 2 ): The light amount of the second wavelength light detected by the light amount detection unit by generating the second wavelength light from the light generating means 3 in a state where oil is in contact with the sensor portion 5c.
B 2α (λ 2 ): the light amount of the second wavelength light detected by the light amount detection unit in a state where the oil is in contact with the sensor portion 5c and the second wavelength light is not generated from the light generating means 3.
P 2β (λ 2 ): Second wavelength light is generated from the light generation means 3 in a state in which light does not leak from the inside of the sensor portion 5c, and thereby the second wavelength detected by the light amount detection unit The amount of light.
B 2β (λ 2 ): the second detected by the light amount detection unit in a state where light does not leak from the inside of the sensor portion 5c to the outside and the second wavelength light is not generated from the light generating means 3. The amount of wavelength light.
なお、センサ部分５ｃに同じ量の油が付着している場合に、第１波長光と第２波長光の少なくとも一方で、吸光度に差が生じるように、第１波長光と第２波長光の波長を選択すればよい。 In addition, when the same amount of oil adheres to the sensor portion 5c, the first wavelength light and the second wavelength light are different so that a difference in absorbance occurs between at least one of the first wavelength light and the second wavelength light. What is necessary is just to select a wavelength.
（油種判定方法）
図３は、上述の油種判定装置１０を用いた油種判定方法を示すフローチャートである。油種判定方法は、ステップＳ１〜Ｓ８を有する。
(Oil type determination method)
FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an oil type determination method using the oil type determination apparatus 10 described above. The oil type determination method includes steps S1 to S8.
ステップＳ１では、例えば、図４のようにセンサ部分５ｃを油に接触させた状態で、光発生手段３から光ファイバ５に第１波長光と第２波長光を伝播させる。なお、油種判定装置１０は、例えば、図４のように、センサ部分５ｃが取り付けられた支持部９と、この支持部９に結合された取っ手１１とを有する。取っ手１１を人が持って、図４のようにセンサ部分５ｃを水に浸けてよい。 In step S1, for example, the first wavelength light and the second wavelength light are propagated from the light generating means 3 to the optical fiber 5 with the sensor portion 5c in contact with oil as shown in FIG. The oil type determination device 10 includes, for example, a support portion 9 to which the sensor portion 5c is attached and a handle 11 coupled to the support portion 9 as shown in FIG. A person may hold the handle 11 and immerse the sensor portion 5c in water as shown in FIG.
ステップＳ２では、光量検出部により、ステップＳ１において光ファイバ５（センサ部分５ｃ）を通過した第１波長光および第２波長光の光量を別々に検出する。 In step S2, the light amount detection unit separately detects the light amounts of the first wavelength light and the second wavelength light that have passed through the optical fiber 5 (sensor portion 5c) in step S1.
ステップＳ３では、第１の演算部により、ステップＳ２において検出した第１波長光の光量に基づいて、センサ部分５ｃに接触していた油への第１波長光の吸光度を算出し、ステップＳ２において検出した第２波長光の光量に基づいて、センサ部分５ｃに接触していた油への第２波長光の吸光度を算出する。 In step S3, the first calculation unit calculates the absorbance of the first wavelength light to the oil that has been in contact with the sensor portion 5c based on the light amount of the first wavelength light detected in step S2, and in step S2 Based on the detected light amount of the second wavelength light, the absorbance of the second wavelength light to the oil that has been in contact with the sensor portion 5c is calculated.
ステップＳ４では、ステップＳ３において検出した第１波長光の吸光度または第２波長光の吸光度が、下限値以下であるかどうかを判断する。この判断がＹＥＳである場合には、油が存在していないとするか、または、センサ部分５ｃへの油の接触量が少ないとして、ステップＳ１へ戻り、再び、ステップＳ１、Ｓ２、Ｓ３を行う。一方、ステップＳ４の判断がＮＯである場合には、ステップＳ５へ進む。なお、ステップＳ４で、油が存在していないとした場合には、油種判定方法を終了してもよいし、ステップＳ１へ戻り、再び、ステップＳ１、Ｓ２、Ｓ３を行ってもよい。 In step S4, it is determined whether the absorbance of the first wavelength light or the second wavelength light detected in step S3 is equal to or lower than the lower limit value. If this determination is YES, it is assumed that there is no oil or the amount of oil contact with the sensor portion 5c is small, and the process returns to step S1, and steps S1, S2, and S3 are performed again. . On the other hand, if the determination in step S4 is no, the process proceeds to step S5. If it is determined in step S4 that no oil is present, the oil type determination method may be terminated, or the process may return to step S1, and steps S1, S2, and S3 may be performed again.
ステップＳ５では、ステップＳ３において検出した第１波長光の吸光度または第２波長光の吸光度が、上限値以上であるかどうかを判断する。この判断がＹＥＳである場合には、センサ部分５ｃへの油の接触量が多すぎるとして、センサ部分５ｃを洗浄して、ステップＳ１へ戻り、再び、ステップＳ１、Ｓ２、Ｓ３を行う。一方、ステップＳ５の判断がＮＯである場合には、ステップＳ６へ進む。 In step S5, it is determined whether the absorbance of the first wavelength light or the second wavelength light detected in step S3 is greater than or equal to an upper limit value. If this determination is YES, it is determined that the amount of oil contact with the sensor portion 5c is too large, the sensor portion 5c is washed, the process returns to step S1, and steps S1, S2, and S3 are performed again. On the other hand, if the determination in step S5 is no, the process proceeds to step S6.
ステップＳ６では、第２の演算部により、ステップＳ３において算出した第１波長光の前記吸光度と第２波長光の前記吸光度との比率を、油種判定用比率として算出する。 In step S6, the ratio between the absorbance of the first wavelength light and the absorbance of the second wavelength light calculated in step S3 is calculated as the oil type determination ratio by the second calculation unit.
一方、ステップＳ７では、油の種類毎に、センサ部分５ｃに接触する該種類の油への第１波長光の吸光度と、センサ部分５ｃに接触する該種類の油への第２波長光の吸光度との比率または当該比率の範囲を予め求め、これら比率または当該範囲を油種毎比率データＲｉとする。これら比率または当該範囲は、上述のステップＳ１〜Ｓ６と同様にして求めることができる。好ましくは、油の種類毎に、上述のステップＳ１〜Ｓ６を、多数回行うことで、油種毎比率データＲｉを求めるのがよい。 On the other hand, in step S7, for each type of oil, the absorbance of the first wavelength light to the type of oil that contacts the sensor portion 5c and the absorbance of the second wavelength light to the type of oil that contacts the sensor portion 5c. obtained in advance ratio or range of the ratio between, these ratios or the range and type of oil every ratio data R i. These ratios or the ranges can be obtained in the same manner as in steps S1 to S6 described above. Preferably, for each type of oil, the steps S1~S6 above, by performing a number of times, it is determine the type of oil every ratio data R i.
ステップＳ８では、ステップＳ６において算出した油種判定用比率Ｒを、ステップＳ７において求めた油種毎比率データＲｉと比較することで、センサ部分５ｃに接触していた油の種類を判定する。すなわち、油種判定用比率Ｒに一致するＲｉが示す種類が、ステップＳ１でセンサ部分５ｃに接触していた油の種類である。 In step S8, the oil type determination ratio R calculated in Step S6, by comparing the type of oil every ratio data R i obtained in step S7, determines the type of oil which has been in contact with the sensor portion 5c. That is, the kind indicated by R i matching oil type determination ratio R is a type of oil which has been in contact with the sensor portion 5c at step S1.
（実施例）
下記の種類の油について、上式（１）の比率Ｒを、上式（２）〜（５）を用いて求めたら、下記の結果を得た。
なお、各種類の油について、下記の各数値範囲は、上述のステップＳ１〜Ｓ６と同様のステップを多数回行うことで得たものである。
・実験結果
機械油（ＣＲＥ）の上記比率は、０．３４〜０．４３であった。
灯油（ケロシン）の上記比率は、０．３４〜０．３７であった。
サラダ油の上記比率は、０．８３であった。
オリーブ油の上記比率は、０．８２〜０．８３であった。
タービン油の上記比率は、０．９６〜０．９８であった。
この実験結果においては、機械油（ＣＲＥ）または灯油（ケロシン）と、植物油（サラダ油またはオリーブ油）と、タービン油とを、上記比率で互いに判別することができる。
なお、これら具体例以外の種類の油についても、上述の油種判定装置または油種判定方法により判定することができる。
(Example)
When the ratio R of the above formula (1) was determined using the above formulas (2) to (5) for the following types of oil, the following results were obtained.
In addition, about each kind of oil, each following numerical range is obtained by performing the same step as above-mentioned step S1-S6 many times.
-Experimental result The said ratio of machine oil (CRE) was 0.34-0.43.
The ratio of kerosene (kerosene) was 0.34 to 0.37.
The above ratio of salad oil was 0.83.
The above ratio of olive oil was 0.82 to 0.83.
The said ratio of turbine oil was 0.96-0.98.
In this experimental result, machine oil (CRE) or kerosene (kerosene), vegetable oil (salad oil or olive oil), and turbine oil can be distinguished from each other by the above ratio.
Note that types of oil other than these specific examples can also be determined by the oil type determination device or the oil type determination method described above.
本発明は上述した実施の形態に限定されず、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々変更を加え得ることは勿論である。例えば、下記の変更例１〜４の中から、１つの変形例を採用してもよいし、複数の変形例を任意に組み合わせて採用してもよい。この場合、油種判定装置１０と油種判定方法の他の点は、上述と同じであってよい。 The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. For example, one of the following modifications 1 to 4 may be adopted, or a plurality of modifications may be arbitrarily combined. In this case, the other points of the oil type determination device 10 and the oil type determination method may be the same as described above.
（変更例１）
油種判定装置１０は、図５のように、支持部９の代わりに、水を掬い取る柄杓部２１を備えていてもよい。この場合、センサ部分５ｃは、掬い取られた水に接触できるように柄杓部２１内に配置されている。
この構成で、柄杓部２１に掬い取った水に混在している油に、センサ部分５ｃを効率的に接触させることができる。例えば、柄杓部２１に掬い取った水の水面に接触し、かつ、当該水面に沿って延びるようにセンサ部分５ｃを配置することで、当該水面に浮いている油に効率的にセンサ部分５ｃを接触させることができる。
好ましくは、人が、柄杓部２１に結合している取っ手１１を持って、柄杓部２１に水を掬い取るようにする。
また、好ましくは、センサ部分５ｃ（コア部５ａ）は、柄杓部２１内の底面から浮いた状態となるように、張られるのがよい。例えば、図５のように、柄杓部２１の一端側にあるセンサ部分５ｃの部位２３が柄杓部２１の一端部に取り付けられ、柄杓部２１の他端側にあるセンサ部分５ｃの部位２５が柄杓部２１の他端部に取り付けられ、これにより、センサ部分５ｃが、柄杓部２１内の底面から浮いた状態となるように、張られるのがよい。図５の例では、センサ部分５ｃは、柄杓部２１の一端部から他端部まで延び、この他端部で折り返して、柄杓部２１の一端部まで延びている。代わりに、センサ部分５ｃ（コア部５ａ）は、柄杓部２１内の底面から浮いた状態となるように、柄杓部２１に設けた適宜の支持体により支持されてもよい。この支持体は、例えば、柄杓部２１内の内側面から延びていてもよいし、柄杓部２１内の底面から立ち上がっていてもよい。
(Modification 1)
As shown in FIG. 5, the oil type determination device 10 may include a handle rod portion 21 that scoops water instead of the support portion 9. In this case, the sensor part 5c is arranged in the handle part 21 so as to be able to contact the scooped water.
With this configuration, the sensor portion 5c can be efficiently brought into contact with oil mixed in the water scooped on the handle portion 21. For example, by arranging the sensor portion 5c so as to be in contact with the water surface of the water scooped on the handle portion 21 and to extend along the water surface, the sensor portion 5c is efficiently applied to the oil floating on the water surface. Can be contacted.
Preferably, a person holds the handle 11 coupled to the handle collar part 21 to scoop water into the handle collar part 21.
Preferably, the sensor portion 5c (core portion 5a) is stretched so as to float from the bottom surface inside the handle portion 21. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the part 23 of the sensor part 5 c on one end side of the handle part 21 is attached to one end part of the handle part 21, and the part 25 of the sensor part 5 c on the other end side of the handle part 21 is It is preferable that the sensor portion 5c is attached to the other end portion of the portion 21 so that the sensor portion 5c is lifted from the bottom surface inside the handle 21. In the example of FIG. 5, the sensor portion 5 c extends from one end portion of the handle rod portion 21 to the other end portion, is folded at the other end portion, and extends to one end portion of the handle rod portion 21. Instead, the sensor portion 5 c (core portion 5 a) may be supported by an appropriate support provided on the handle ridge portion 21 so as to float from the bottom surface in the handle heel portion 21. For example, the support may extend from the inner side surface in the handle rod part 21, or may rise from the bottom surface in the handle rod part 21.
（変更例２）
センサ部分は、例えば、図６のように、その一端側と他端側との間で複数回往復するように延びていてもよい。
(Modification 2)
For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the sensor portion may extend so as to reciprocate a plurality of times between one end side and the other end side thereof.
（変更例３）
互いに異なる２つの波長を持つ第１波長光と第２波長光の上記比率をＲｘとし、互いに異なる２つの波長を持つ第３波長光と第４波長光の上記比率をＲｙとする。
Ｒｘについて、第１波長光と第２波長光を用いて、上述のステップＳ７と同様に、油種毎比率データＲｘｉを求める。次に、第１波長光と第２波長光の代わりに、第３波長光と第４波長光を用いて、上述のステップＳ７と同様に、油種毎比率データＲｙｉを求める。図７の例では、第１種類の油は、図７の破線Ａで示す範囲を持ち、第２種類の油は、図７の破線Ｂで示す範囲を持つ。図７の例では、ＲｘまたはＲｙの値が、範囲Ａと範囲Ｂとで重複する部分がある。この部分においては、両油を判別し難い。一方、図７の２次元平面において、座標軸Ｒｚにおいては、範囲Ａと範囲Ｂとは重複しない。そこで、図７の２次元平面において、範囲Ａと範囲Ｂを、それぞれ、座標軸Ｒｚにおける範囲Ａｚと範囲Ｂｚに変換し、これら座標軸Ｒｚにおける範囲Ａｚと範囲Ｂｚを、油種毎比率データとしてもよい。
一方、第１波長光と第２波長光を用いて、上述のステップをＳ１〜Ｓ６により、検査対象の油について、比率Ｒｘを取得する。次に、図７の２次元平面において、当該油の比率Ｒｘを、座標軸Ｒｚの座標値を用いて比率Ｒｚで表す。その上で、当該比率Ｒｚと、油種毎比率データＡｚ、Ｂｚと比較する。これにより、当該油が、上記の重複により、ＲｘやＲｙでは第１種類であるか第２種類であるか判別し難い場合であっても、Ｒｚにより、当該油が、第１種類であるか第２種類であるかを判別することができる。
なお、第１波長光、第２波長光、第３波長光、および第４波長光は、互いに異なる波長を有している。ただし、第１波長光と第２波長光の少なくとも一方と、第３波長光と第４波長光の少なくとも一方とが、異なる波長を有していればよい。
(Modification 3)
The ratio of the first wavelength light and the second wavelength light having two different wavelengths is Rx, and the ratio of the third wavelength light and the fourth wavelength light having two different wavelengths is Ry.
For Rx, the oil type ratio data Rx i is obtained using the first wavelength light and the second wavelength light in the same manner as in step S7 described above. Next, oil type ratio data Ry i is obtained using the third wavelength light and the fourth wavelength light instead of the first wavelength light and the second wavelength light in the same manner as in step S7 described above. In the example of FIG. 7, the first type oil has a range indicated by a broken line A in FIG. 7, and the second type oil has a range indicated by a broken line B in FIG. In the example of FIG. 7, there is a portion where the value of Rx or Ry overlaps between the range A and the range B. In this part, it is difficult to distinguish both oils. On the other hand, in the two-dimensional plane of FIG. 7, the range A and the range B do not overlap on the coordinate axis Rz. Therefore, in the two-dimensional plane of FIG. 7, the range A and the range B may be converted into the range Az and the range Bz on the coordinate axis Rz, respectively, and the range Az and the range Bz on the coordinate axis Rz may be used as the ratio data for each oil type. .
On the other hand, using the first wavelength light and the second wavelength light, the above-described steps S1 to S6 are used to obtain the ratio Rx for the oil to be inspected. Next, in the two-dimensional plane of FIG. 7, the ratio Rx of the oil is represented by the ratio Rz using the coordinate value of the coordinate axis Rz. Then, the ratio Rz is compared with the ratio data Az and Bz for each oil type. Thereby, even if it is difficult to determine whether the oil is the first type or the second type in Rx and Ry due to the above-described overlap, whether the oil is the first type by Rz Whether it is the second type can be determined.
The first wavelength light, the second wavelength light, the third wavelength light, and the fourth wavelength light have different wavelengths. However, it is only necessary that at least one of the first wavelength light and the second wavelength light and at least one of the third wavelength light and the fourth wavelength light have different wavelengths.
（変更例４）
上述のステップＳ１では、水中にセンサ部分５ｃを入れて、図４のように水に浮く油にセンサ部分５ｃを接触させたが、センサ部分５ｃに油を接触させることができれば、水中にセンサ部分５ｃを入れなくてもよい。例えば、センサ部分５ｃを水中にいれずに、油のみをセンサ部分５ｃに接触させてもよい。すなわち、水に混在していない油に本発明を適用してもよい。
(Modification 4)
In the above-described step S1, the sensor portion 5c is put in the water and the sensor portion 5c is brought into contact with the oil floating in the water as shown in FIG. 4, but if the oil can be brought into contact with the sensor portion 5c, the sensor portion is put in the water. 5c may not be inserted. For example, only the oil may be brought into contact with the sensor portion 5c without placing the sensor portion 5c in water. That is, the present invention may be applied to oil that is not mixed in water.
（変形例５）
光発生手段は、図８のように、第１波長光を発生させる第１波長光発生部３ａと、第２波長光を発生させる第２長光発生部３ｂと、を有していてもよい。第１波長光発生部３ａは、例えば、４５０ｎｍの光を発生させる発光ダイオードであり、第２波長光発生部３ａは、例えば、６５０ｎｍの光を発生させる発光ダイオードである。
この場合、光分離手段が不要になる。代わりに、ステップＳ１で、まず、第１波長光を発生させて、ステップＳ２で、第１波長光を光量検出部で検出し、その後、センサ部分５ｃと油の接触状態を変えずに、ステップＳ１で、第２波長光を発生させて、ステップＳ２で、第２波長光を光量検出部で検出し、その後、ステップＳ３へ進む。
(Modification 5)
As shown in FIG. 8, the light generating means may include a first wavelength light generating unit 3a that generates the first wavelength light and a second long light generating unit 3b that generates the second wavelength light. . The first wavelength light generator 3a is, for example, a light emitting diode that generates 450 nm light, and the second wavelength light generator 3a is, for example, a light emitting diode that generates light of 650 nm.
In this case, no light separation means is required. Instead, in step S1, first wavelength light is first generated, and in step S2, the first wavelength light is detected by the light amount detection unit, and then the step without changing the contact state between the sensor portion 5c and the oil is performed. In S1, the second wavelength light is generated. In Step S2, the second wavelength light is detected by the light amount detection unit, and then the process proceeds to Step S3.
３ 光発生手段、５ 光ファイバ、５ａ コア部、５ｂ 被覆部，
５ｃ センサ部分，５ｄ 分岐部、７ 検出装置、９ 支持部、
１０ 油種判定装置、１１ 取っ手、１３ 第１のフィルタ、
１５ 第２のフィルタ、１７ 第１の光検出器、１９ 第２の光検出器、
２１ 柄杓部
3 light generating means, 5 optical fiber, 5a core portion, 5b covering portion,
5c sensor part, 5d branching part, 7 detection device, 9 support part,
10 oil type determination device, 11 handle, 13 first filter,
15 second filter, 17 first photo detector, 19 second photo detector,
21 handle collar
Claims (9)
第１波長光と第２波長光を発する光発生手段と、
光発生手段からの第１波長光と第２波長光が伝播する光ファイバと、
該光ファイバを伝播した第１波長光と第２波長光を検出する検出装置と、を備え、
前記光ファイバは、光が伝播するコア部と、該コア部から外部に光が漏れないように該コア部を覆う被覆部とを有し、
前記光ファイバは、その長手方向の途中において、油に接触させるセンサ部分を有し、該センサ部分では、前記コア部が露出しており、
前記検出装置は、
第１波長光の光量および第２波長光の光量を別々に検出する光量検出部と、
第１波長光の光量に基づいて、前記センサ部分に接触していた油への第１波長光の吸光度を算出し、第２波長光の光量に基づいて、前記センサ部分に接触していた油への第２波長光の吸光度を算出する第１の演算部と、
第１波長光の前記吸光度と、第２波長光の前記吸光度との比率を、油種判定用比率として算出する第２の演算部と、を有し、
２次元平面において、第１波長光の吸光度と第２波長光の吸光度との比率を示す座標軸を座標軸Ｒｘとし、第３波長光の吸光度と第４波長光の吸光度との比率を示す座標軸を座標軸Ｒｙとし、油種毎に、該油種が属する２次元の範囲を、前記座標軸Ｒｘおよび前記座標軸Ｒｙとは異なる座標軸Ｒｚの範囲に変換し、変換した該範囲を油種毎比率データとして求めておき、
第１波長光と第２波長光との少なくとも一方と、第３波長光と第４波長光との少なくとも一方とが、異なる波長を有し、
前記油種判定用比率を前記座標軸Ｒｚの座標値にした比率と、前記油種毎比率データとの比較に基づいて、油の種類を判定する、ことを特徴とする油種判定装置。 An oil type determination device that determines the type of oil using a first wavelength light having a first wavelength and a second wavelength light having a second wavelength,
Light generating means for emitting first wavelength light and second wavelength light;
An optical fiber through which the first wavelength light and the second wavelength light from the light generating means propagate;
A detection device for detecting the first wavelength light and the second wavelength light propagated through the optical fiber,
The optical fiber has a core portion through which light propagates and a covering portion that covers the core portion so that light does not leak outside from the core portion,
The optical fiber has a sensor part that is brought into contact with oil in the middle of the longitudinal direction, and the core part is exposed in the sensor part,
The detection device includes:
A light amount detector for separately detecting the light amount of the first wavelength light and the light amount of the second wavelength light;
Based on the light amount of the first wavelength light, the absorbance of the first wavelength light to the oil that has been in contact with the sensor portion is calculated, and based on the light amount of the second wavelength light, the oil that has been in contact with the sensor portion A first calculator that calculates the absorbance of the second wavelength light to
It said absorbance at the first wavelength, the ratio of the absorbance at the second wavelength light, possess a second arithmetic unit for calculating the oil type determination ratio, a,
In the two-dimensional plane, the coordinate axis indicating the ratio between the absorbance of the first wavelength light and the absorbance of the second wavelength light is the coordinate axis Rx, and the coordinate axis indicating the ratio of the absorbance of the third wavelength light and the absorbance of the fourth wavelength light is the coordinate axis. Ry, for each oil type, a two-dimensional range to which the oil type belongs is converted into a range of the coordinate axis Rz different from the coordinate axis Rx and the coordinate axis Ry, and the converted range is obtained as ratio data for each oil type Every
At least one of the first wavelength light and the second wavelength light and at least one of the third wavelength light and the fourth wavelength light have different wavelengths,
An oil type determination device that determines the type of oil based on a comparison between a ratio in which the oil type determination ratio is a coordinate value of the coordinate axis Rz and the ratio data for each oil type.
前記検出装置は、光発生手段から発せられ前記センサ部分を通過した光から、第１波長光と第２波長光とを分離させる光分離手段と、を有する、ことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の油種判定装置。 The light generating means emits light including the first wavelength light and the second wavelength light,
The said detection apparatus has the light-separation means which isolate | separates 1st wavelength light and 2nd wavelength light from the light emitted from the light generation means and passed through the said sensor part, The Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned. The oil type determination device described.
光量検出部は、前記光ファイバの前記被覆部に覆われた部分を２つに分岐する分岐部と、
分岐した２つの光ファイバのうちの一方に設けられ第１波長光のみを透過させる第１のフィルタと、該第１のフィルタを透過した第１波長光の光量を検出する第１の光検出器と、
分岐した２つの光ファイバのうちの他方に設けられ第２波長光のみを透過させる第２のフィルタと、該第２のフィルタを透過した第２波長光の光量を検出する第２の光検出器と、を有する、ことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の油種判定装置。 The light generating means emits light including the first wavelength light and the second wavelength light,
The light amount detection unit includes a branching unit that branches the portion covered by the coating unit of the optical fiber into two parts,
A first filter that is provided in one of the two branched optical fibers and transmits only the first wavelength light, and a first photodetector that detects the amount of the first wavelength light transmitted through the first filter When,
A second filter that is provided on the other of the two branched optical fibers and transmits only the second wavelength light, and a second photodetector that detects the amount of the second wavelength light transmitted through the second filter The oil type determination device according to claim 1, comprising:
前記センサ部分は、掬い取られた水に接触できるように前記柄杓部内に配置されている、ことを特徴とする請求項１〜４のいずれか一項に記載の油種判定装置。 It has a handle for scooping water,
The oil type determination device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the sensor portion is disposed in the handle portion so as to be in contact with scooped water.
第１波長光と第２波長光を発する光発生手段と、
光発生手段からの第１波長光と第２波長光が伝播する光ファイバと、
該光ファイバを伝播した第１波長光と第２波長光を検出する検出装置と、を備え、
前記光ファイバは、光が伝播するコア部と、該コア部から外部に光が漏れないように該コア部を覆う被覆部とを有し、
前記光ファイバは、その長手方向の途中において、油に接触させるセンサ部分を有し、該センサ部分では、前記コア部が露出しており、
前記検出装置は、
第１波長光の光量および第２波長光の光量を別々に検出する光量検出部と、
第１波長光の光量に基づいて、前記センサ部分に接触していた油への第１波長光の吸光度を算出し、第２波長光の光量に基づいて、前記センサ部分に接触していた油への第２波長光の吸光度を算出する第１の演算部と、
第１波長光の前記吸光度と、第２波長光の前記吸光度との比率を、油種判定用比率として算出する第２の演算部と、を有する油種判定装置を用いた油種判定方法であり、
２次元平面において、第１波長光の吸光度と第２波長光の吸光度との比率を示す座標軸を座標軸Ｒｘとし、第３波長光の吸光度と第４波長光の吸光度との比率を示す座標軸を座標軸Ｒｙとし、油種毎に、該油種が属する２次元の範囲を、前記座標軸Ｒｘおよび前記座標軸Ｒｙと異なる座標軸Ｒｚの範囲に変換し、変換した該範囲を油種毎比率データとして求めておき、
第３波長光と第４波長光との少なくとも一方は、前記第１波長光と前記第２波長光との少なくとも一方と異なる波長であり、
前記油種判定用比率を前記座標軸Ｒｚの座標値にした比率と、前記油種毎比率データとの比較に基づいて、油の種類を判定する、ことを特徴とする油種判定方法。 Using a first wavelength light having a first wavelength and a second wavelength light having a second wavelength, determines the type of oil,
Light generating means for emitting first wavelength light and second wavelength light;
An optical fiber through which the first wavelength light and the second wavelength light from the light generating means propagate;
A detection device for detecting the first wavelength light and the second wavelength light propagated through the optical fiber,
The optical fiber has a core portion through which light propagates and a covering portion that covers the core portion so that light does not leak outside from the core portion,
The optical fiber has a sensor part that is brought into contact with oil in the middle of the longitudinal direction, and the core part is exposed in the sensor part,
The detection device includes:
A light amount detector for separately detecting the light amount of the first wavelength light and the light amount of the second wavelength light;
Based on the light amount of the first wavelength light, the absorbance of the first wavelength light to the oil that has been in contact with the sensor portion is calculated, and based on the light amount of the second wavelength light, the oil that has been in contact with the sensor portion A first calculator that calculates the absorbance of the second wavelength light to
Said absorbance at the first wavelength, the ratio between the absorbance of the second wavelength light, the second calculation unit and an oil type determination method using the oil type determination apparatus that have a calculated as an oil type determination Ratio And
In the two-dimensional plane, the coordinate axis indicating the ratio between the absorbance of the first wavelength light and the absorbance of the second wavelength light is the coordinate axis Rx, and the coordinate axis indicating the ratio of the absorbance of the third wavelength light and the absorbance of the fourth wavelength light is the coordinate axis. Ry, for each oil type, a two-dimensional range to which the oil type belongs is converted into a range of the coordinate axis Rz and the coordinate axis Rz different from the coordinate axis Ry, and the converted range is obtained as ratio data for each oil type. ,
At least one of the third wavelength light and the fourth wavelength light is a wavelength different from at least one of the first wavelength light and the second wavelength light,
An oil type determination method comprising : determining a type of oil based on a comparison between a ratio in which the oil type determination ratio is a coordinate value of the coordinate axis Rz and the ratio data for each oil type.
（Ｂ）第１の演算部により、第１波長光の光量に基づいて、前記センサ部分に接触していた油への第１波長光の吸光度を算出し、第２波長光の光量に基づいて、前記センサ部分に接触していた油への第２波長光の吸光度を算出し、
（Ｃ）第２の演算部により、第１波長光の前記吸光度と、第２波長光の前記吸光度との比率を、油種判定用比率として算出する、ことを特徴とする請求項６に記載の油種判定方法。 (A) The first wavelength light and the second wavelength light are propagated from the light generating means to the optical fiber in a state where the sensor portion is in contact with the oil, and the light amount detection unit and the second light amount Detect the amount of wavelength light separately,
(B) Based on the light quantity of 1st wavelength light, the 1st calculating part calculates the light absorbency of 1st wavelength light to the oil which was contacting the said sensor part, and based on the light quantity of 2nd wavelength light Calculating the absorbance of the second wavelength light to the oil that has been in contact with the sensor portion;
(C) by the second arithmetic unit, and the absorbance at the first wavelength, wherein the ratio between the absorbance of the second wavelength, is calculated as an oil type determination ratio, it in claim 6, wherein oil type determination method of.
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