JP5540396B2 - Friction material - Google Patents
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- JP5540396B2 JP5540396B2 JP2009230844A JP2009230844A JP5540396B2 JP 5540396 B2 JP5540396 B2 JP 5540396B2 JP 2009230844 A JP2009230844 A JP 2009230844A JP 2009230844 A JP2009230844 A JP 2009230844A JP 5540396 B2 JP5540396 B2 JP 5540396B2
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- 239000002783 friction material Substances 0.000 title claims description 54
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 20
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 244000226021 Anacardium occidentale Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000020226 cashew nut Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000007516 Chrysanthemum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000005250 Chrysanthemum indicum Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000016571 aggressive behavior Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxido(oxo)titanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003856 thermoforming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007529 inorganic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012766 organic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002006 petroleum coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006122 polyamide resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000009719 polyimide resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
- F16D69/02—Composition of linings ; Methods of manufacturing
- F16D69/025—Compositions based on an organic binder
- F16D69/026—Compositions based on an organic binder containing fibres
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/006—Materials; Production methods therefor containing fibres or particles
- F16D2200/0069—Materials; Production methods therefor containing fibres or particles being characterised by their size
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0082—Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0086—Moulding materials together by application of heat and pressure
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
Description
本発明は、摩擦材に関するものであり、特に自動車、鉄道、産業機械などに用いられる摩擦材に関するものであり、より具体的には前記の用途に使用されるブレーキパッド、ブレーキライニング等に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a friction material, and more particularly to a friction material used for automobiles, railways, industrial machines, and the like, and more specifically to brake pads, brake linings, etc. used in the above-mentioned applications. is there.
近年、車の性能向上により、高速での効き、フェード特性向上の改善が求められている。従来、効き及びフェード特性向上については、アブレシブ材等の硬質材料を使うことにより対策が図られてきた。
例えば、特許文献１には、繊維基材、結合材、充填材を含有する摩擦材において、該充填材として少なくともコークスを１０〜１６体積％、カシューダストを５〜１０体積％、未焼成バーミキュライトを７〜１４体積％含有させることにより、３５０℃を超える高温度、高減速度域においても摩擦係数が高く、フェード性能が良く、耐摩耗性にも優れる摩擦材を提供する旨の記載がある。
また、特許文献２には、繊維基材と摩擦調整剤と結合剤とを有し、繊維基材としてステンレス繊維を含んでいるステンレス繊維基材の摩擦材であって、摩擦調整剤としてコークスを含み、かつカシューダストを含んでいないものが、高速・高負荷時における制動力の低下が少ない旨の記載がある。
しかし、このような改善方法は、効きとローター攻撃性とのバランスをとることが困難な傾向にあり、走行におけるブレーキ作動時の車体振動や騒音などのジャダー発生等が起こる場合があり、それらの特性バランスをとることが非常に困難であった。
In recent years, improvement in vehicle performance has been demanded to improve the effect at high speed and the fading characteristics. Conventionally, measures have been taken to improve effectiveness and fade characteristics by using a hard material such as an abrasive material.
For example, in Patent Document 1, in a friction material containing a fiber base material, a binder, and a filler, at least 10 to 16% by volume of coke, 5 to 10% by volume of cashew dust, and unfired vermiculite as the filler. There is a description that by containing 7 to 14% by volume, a friction material having a high coefficient of friction, good fading performance and excellent wear resistance is provided even at a high temperature exceeding 350 ° C. and a high deceleration range.
Patent Document 2 discloses a friction material of a stainless fiber base material that includes a fiber base material, a friction modifier, and a binder, and includes stainless fiber as a fiber base material, and coke as a friction modifier. There is a description that those that do not contain cashew dust have little decrease in braking force at high speed and high load.
However, such an improvement method tends to make it difficult to balance the effectiveness and the rotor aggression, and there may occur judder generation such as vehicle vibration and noise when the brake is operated in traveling. It was very difficult to balance the characteristics.
また、特許文献３には、繊維基材と、結合材と、無機質充填材と、有機質充填材とを主成分とする非石綿系摩擦材組成物を成形、硬化してなる非石綿系摩擦材において、上記無機質充填材として（Ａ）モース硬度が５以上７未満で平均粒径が３０μｍ以上５００μｍ未満のアブレシブと、（Ｂ）モース硬度が７以上１０未満で平均粒径が０．１μｍ以上３０μｍ未満のアブレシブとを用い、これら（Ａ），（Ｂ）成分の合計添加量が摩擦材組成物全体に対して２０体積％以下とすることにより、高い摩擦係数を有し、鳴き性能及びローター攻撃性が悪化することなく、優れた錆落し性を兼ね備えた高品質な非石綿系摩擦材を得ることができる旨の記載がある。
しかし、効きとローター攻撃性とのバランスを良好に保ち、かつ低コストにて更に改善することが望まれている。
Patent Document 3 discloses a non-asbestos-based friction material obtained by molding and curing a non-asbestos-based friction material composition mainly composed of a fiber base material, a binder, an inorganic filler, and an organic filler. (A) an abrasive having a Mohs hardness of 5 or more and less than 7 and an average particle size of 30 μm or more and less than 500 μm, and (B) an MoB hardness of 7 or more and less than 10 and an average particle size of 0.1 μm or more and 30 μm. When the total amount of these components (A) and (B) is 20% by volume or less with respect to the entire friction material composition, the squeal performance and the rotor attack are reduced. There is a description that a high-quality non-asbestos-based friction material having excellent rusting properties can be obtained without deteriorating the properties.
However, it is desired to further improve at a low cost while maintaining a good balance between effectiveness and rotor aggression.
本発明は、ローター攻撃性を悪化させずに、高速での効き、フェード特性が向上した摩擦材を提供することを課題とする。 It is an object of the present invention to provide a friction material that is effective at high speed and has improved fading characteristics without deteriorating rotor aggression.
本発明は、以下のとおりである。
（１）繊維基材、結合材、及び摩擦調整材を含む摩擦材において、該摩擦調整材としてカシューダスト及びゴムを含まず、黒鉛、炭酸カルシウム、硫酸バリウム及びマイカから選ばれる２種以上を含み、かつ、アブレシブ材としてクロマイト及び珪酸ジルコニウムを含むことを特徴とする摩擦材。
（２）前記摩擦調整材として、摩擦材全体に対して、黒鉛を５〜２０質量％、並びに、炭酸カルシウム、硫酸バリウム及びマイカから選ばれる２種以上を１０〜５０質量％含む前記（１）記載の摩擦材。
（３）前記摩擦調整材として、黒鉛の平均粒径が２００〜１０００μｍである前記（２）に記載の摩擦材。
（４）前記摩擦調整材としてマイカを含み、該マイカの平均粒径が２００〜１０００μｍである前記（１）〜（３）の何れか１項に記載の摩擦材。
（５）前記アブレシブ材を、摩擦材全体に対して、５〜２０質量％含む前記（１）〜（４）の何れか１項記載の摩擦材。
（６）前記クロマイト及び珪酸ジルコニウムの割合が質量比で１：４〜４：１である前記（１）〜（５）の何れか１項に記載の摩擦材。
（７）前記クロマイトの平均粒径が１〜２０μｍである前記（１）〜（６）の何れか１項に記載の摩擦材。
（８）前記珪酸ジルコニウムの平均粒径が０．５〜６０μｍである前記（１）〜（７）の何れか１項に記載の摩擦材。
The present invention is as follows.
(1) In the friction material including the fiber base material, the binder, and the friction modifier, the friction modifier does not include cashew dust and rubber, and includes two or more selected from graphite, calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, and mica. And a friction material comprising chromite and zirconium silicate as an abrasive material.
(2) As the friction modifier, based on the overall friction material, graphite 5-20% by weight, and calcium carbonate, said containing 10 to 50 wt% of two or more selected from barium sulfate and mica (1) The friction material described.
(3) the friction as the adjustment member, the friction material according to SL before the average particle size of the graphite is 200 to 1,000 (2).
(4) The friction material according to any one of (1) to (3) , wherein mica is included as the friction modifier , and the average particle diameter of the mica is 200 to 1000 μm.
(5) before the Kia Bureshibu material, based on the overall friction material, the friction material according to any one of the containing 5-20 wt% (1) to (4).
At the rate of (6) before Chrysanthemum Romaito and zirconium silicate mass ratio 1: 4 to 4: 1 is the (1) to the friction material according to any one of (5).
(7) The friction material according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein an average particle size of the chromite is 1 to 20 μm.
(8) The friction material according to any one of (1) to (7), wherein the zirconium silicate has an average particle size of 0.5 to 60 μm.
本発明は、ローターの摩耗量が少なくて、ローター攻撃性の評価がよいことにより、ローター攻撃性を悪化させることがなく、高速での効き、フェード特性が向上し、クラックが生じがたく、原料コストが低減することにより、優れた摩擦材を得ることができる。 The present invention has a low rotor wear amount and good evaluation of the rotor aggression, so that the rotor aggression is not deteriorated, the effect at high speed is improved, the fade characteristics are improved, and cracks are not easily generated. By reducing the cost, an excellent friction material can be obtained.
本発明は、摩擦調整材としてカシューダストとゴムを含有しない。従来、摩擦材において摩擦調整材としてカシューダストが広く使われており、また比較的最近では摩擦調整材としてゴムが使用されるようになってきたが、これらはカシューダストが摩擦材の気孔率を向上させることによりフェード現象を抑制でき、またカシューダストとゴムは摩擦材の弾性率を向上させることによりブレーキ鳴きを抑制し得る効果を有しているので、従来盛んに使われていた。
しかし、最近の自動車の高速化、大型化に伴って、摩擦材に高負荷がかかる状態での使用条件下では、これらの物質を含有する摩擦材は、摩擦力が低下しブレーキの効きが悪くなる欠点が出てきている。ブレーキの効きが悪くなるのは摩擦係数μが低下することによるものであるが、一般的に摩擦係数μが低下する要因としてブレーキ使用による温度上昇が挙げられる。これは、摩擦材中のカシューダストやゴムが熱分解し、ガスが発生し、その結果、摩擦面をガス及び液状有機化合物が潤滑するためである。
すなわち、本発明は、上記ガスの発生量を抑制し、耐フェード特性を改善させるために、摩擦調整材としてカシューダストとゴムを含まないことを特徴とする。さらに、これまでのカシューダストとゴムによる効きや柔軟性付与等による摩擦特性は、潤滑材及び無機フィラーの量及び粒径により調整することができる。
The present invention does not contain cashew dust and rubber as a friction modifier. Conventionally, cashew dust has been widely used as a friction modifier in friction materials, and rubber has recently been used as a friction modifier. The fade phenomenon can be suppressed by improving, and cashew dust and rubber have been used extensively in the past because they have the effect of suppressing brake squeal by improving the elastic modulus of the friction material.
However, with the recent increase in speed and size of automobiles, the friction material containing these substances has a lower frictional force and the brakes are less effective under the usage conditions in which a high load is applied to the friction material. The shortcomings are coming out. The deterioration of the braking effect is due to a decrease in the friction coefficient μ. In general, a factor that decreases the friction coefficient μ is an increase in temperature due to use of the brake. This is because cashew dust and rubber in the friction material are thermally decomposed to generate gas, and as a result, the gas and the liquid organic compound lubricate the friction surface.
That is, the present invention is characterized in that it does not contain cashew dust and rubber as a friction adjusting material in order to suppress the generation amount of the gas and improve the fade resistance. Furthermore, the effect of conventional cashew dust and rubber, and the frictional characteristics due to imparting flexibility can be adjusted by the amount and particle size of the lubricant and inorganic filler.
上述した理由で、本発明の摩擦調整材は、潤滑材及び無機フィラーを含むことが好ましい。
潤滑材としては、モース硬度６以下のものが好ましく、黒鉛、二硫化モリブデン、石油コークス等が考えられるが、本発明では黒鉛を用いるものである。また、黒鉛の平均粒径は、２００〜１０００μｍから適宜選択されるが、５００〜１０００μｍの範囲が好ましい。
無機フィラーとしては、炭酸カルシウム、バーミキュライト、マイカ、硫酸バリウム、チタン酸カリウム、フッ化カルシウム、酸化マグネシウム等が考えられるが、本発明では炭酸カルシウム、硫酸バリウム、マイカから選ばれる２種以上を含むものである。また、無機フィラーの平均粒径は、１〜１０００μｍから適宜選択されるが、少なくともマイカの平均粒径は、２００〜１０００μｍとするのが好ましく、３００〜１０００μｍが特に好ましい。前記各平均粒径は、レーザー回折式粒度分布計により測定される値である。
本発明においては、摩擦材全体に対して、黒鉛を５〜２０質量％、好ましくは、１０〜２０質量％、炭酸カルシウム、硫酸バリウム、マイカから選ばれる２種以上を１０〜５０質量％、好ましくは、４０〜５０質量％含む。ただし、摩擦材には有機結合材や繊維基材などを含有することが必要である関係で、黒鉛と炭酸カルシウム、硫酸バリウム、マイカから選ばれる２種以上との合計量は、摩擦材全体に対して１５〜７０質量％とすることが好ましい。上記範囲で本発明の効果を有効に発揮することができる。
For the reasons described above, the friction modifier of the present invention preferably includes a lubricant and an inorganic filler.
As the lubricant, those having a Mohs hardness of 6 or less are preferable, and graphite, molybdenum disulfide, petroleum coke, and the like are conceivable. In the present invention, graphite is used. Moreover, although the average particle diameter of graphite is suitably selected from 200-1000 micrometers, the range of 500-1000 micrometers is preferable.
Examples of the inorganic filler include calcium carbonate, vermiculite, mica, barium sulfate, potassium titanate, calcium fluoride, magnesium oxide, and the like in the present invention include two or more selected from calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, and mica. . Moreover, although the average particle diameter of an inorganic filler is suitably selected from 1-1000 micrometers, it is preferable that the average particle diameter of at least mica shall be 200-1000 micrometers, and 300-1000 micrometers is especially preferable. Each average particle diameter is a value measured by a laser diffraction particle size distribution meter.
In the present invention, graphite is 5 to 20% by mass, preferably 10 to 20% by mass, and two or more selected from calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, and mica is 10 to 50% by mass, preferably based on the entire friction material. Contains 40-50 mass%. However, because the friction material must contain an organic binder, fiber base material, etc., the total amount of graphite and two or more selected from calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, and mica is the entire friction material. It is preferable to set it as 15-70 mass% with respect to it. The effects of the present invention can be effectively exhibited within the above range.
また、本発明においては、摩擦調整材としてアブレシブ材を含むことが好ましい。アブレシブ材は、摩擦材全体に対して、５〜２０質量％含むことが好ましく、１０〜１５質量％含むことが更に好ましい。
アブレシブ材としては、モース硬度が５〜１０のものが好ましい。アブレシブ材としてクロマイト及び珪酸ジルコニウムを含み、該クロマイト及び珪酸ジルコニウムの割合が質量比で１：４〜４：１であることが好ましく、１：３〜４：２であることが更に好ましい。
クロマイトはモース硬度が５．５と比較的研削性が弱く、珪酸ジルコニウムはモース硬度７．５と比較的研削性が強いため、上記配合比で用いることにより、ローター攻撃性を抑制するとともに効きを確保することに寄与することができる。
Moreover, in this invention, it is preferable that an abrasive material is included as a friction adjustment material. The abrasive material is preferably contained in an amount of 5 to 20% by mass, more preferably 10 to 15% by mass, based on the entire friction material.
As the abrasive, one having a Mohs hardness of 5 to 10 is preferable. The abrasive material includes chromite and zirconium silicate, and the ratio of the chromite and zirconium silicate is preferably 1: 4 to 4: 1, and more preferably 1: 3 to 4: 2.
Chromite has a Mohs hardness of 5.5, which is relatively poor in grindability, and zirconium silicate has a Mohs hardness of 7.5, which is relatively grindable. It can contribute to securing.
上記効果は、各々の平均粒径を特定範囲とすることにより一層有効になる。クロマイトの平均粒径は１〜２０μｍが好ましく、５〜１０μｍが更に好ましい。１μｍより小さいと、粒径が小さいため研削作用が発揮できず、効きの確保が難しく、要求する摩擦係数を保持するのは困難である。また、２０μｍより大きいと、研削作用が高くなり相手材であるローターを攻撃する。珪酸ジルコニウムの平均粒径は、０．５〜６０μｍが好ましく、０．５〜１０μｍが更に好ましい。０．５μｍより小さいと高い摩擦係数を維持できず、フェードが低下し、更に粉砕コストも増大する。また、６０μｍより大きいと、ローターへの攻撃性が悪化する。各平均粒径は、レーザー回折式粒度分布計により測定される値である。
本発明は、上記条件に反しない限り摩擦調整材として上記以外の周知のものを適宜含むことができる。
The above effect becomes more effective by setting each average particle size within a specific range. The average particle size of chromite is preferably 1 to 20 μm, and more preferably 5 to 10 μm. If it is smaller than 1 μm, since the particle size is small, the grinding action cannot be exhibited, it is difficult to ensure the effectiveness, and it is difficult to maintain the required coefficient of friction. Moreover, when larger than 20 micrometers, a grinding effect will become high and will attack the rotor which is an other party material. The average particle size of zirconium silicate is preferably 0.5 to 60 μm, and more preferably 0.5 to 10 μm. If it is smaller than 0.5 μm, a high friction coefficient cannot be maintained, fading is reduced, and the pulverization cost is increased. On the other hand, if it is larger than 60 μm, the aggressiveness to the rotor is deteriorated. Each average particle diameter is a value measured by a laser diffraction particle size distribution meter.
The present invention can appropriately include other well-known friction modifiers as long as the above conditions are not violated.
本発明に用いられる繊維基材としては、有機系でも無機系でもよく、例えば、有機系としては、芳香族ポリアミド（アラミド）繊維、ポリアクリル系繊維等が挙げられ、無機系としては、銅、スチール等の金属繊維、チタン酸カリウム繊維、Ａｌ２Ｏ３−ＳｉＯ２系セラミック繊維、ガラス繊維、カーボン繊維、ロックウール等が挙げられ、各々単独、または２種以上組み合わせて用いられる。繊維基材は、摩擦材全体に対して、通常、１０〜５０質量％、好ましくは１０〜２０質量％用いられる。 The fiber base material used in the present invention may be organic or inorganic. Examples of the organic base include aromatic polyamide (aramid) fiber and polyacrylic fiber, and examples of the inorganic base include copper, Examples thereof include metal fibers such as steel, potassium titanate fibers, Al 2 O 3 —SiO 2 ceramic fibers, glass fibers, carbon fibers, rock wool, and the like, each of which is used alone or in combination of two or more. The fiber base is usually used in an amount of 10 to 50% by mass, preferably 10 to 20% by mass, based on the entire friction material.
本発明に用いられる結合材としては、フェノール樹脂（ストレートフェノール樹脂、ゴム等による各種変性フェノール樹脂を含む）、メラミン樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂等の熱硬化性樹脂を挙げることができる。結合材は、摩擦材全体に対して、通常、５〜２０質量％、好ましくは５〜１０質量％用いられる。 Examples of the binder used in the present invention include thermosetting resins such as phenol resins (including various modified phenol resins such as straight phenol resins and rubbers), melamine resins, epoxy resins, polyimide resins, and polyamide resins. . The binder is generally used in an amount of 5 to 20% by mass, preferably 5 to 10% by mass, based on the entire friction material.
本発明の摩擦材を製造するには、上記各成分を配合し、その配合物を通常の製法に従って予備成形し、熱成形、加熱、研磨等の処理を施すことにより製造することができる。
上記摩擦材を備えたブレーキパッドは、板金プレスにより所定の形状に成形され、脱脂処理及びプライマー処理が施され、そして接着剤が塗布されたプレッシャプレートと、摩擦材の予備成形体とを、熱成形工程において所定の温度及び圧力で熱成形して両部材を一体に固着し、アフタキュアを行い、最終的に仕上げ処理を施す工程により製造することができる。
The friction material of the present invention can be produced by blending the above components, preforming the blend according to a normal production method, and performing treatments such as thermoforming, heating, and polishing.
The brake pad provided with the friction material is molded into a predetermined shape by a sheet metal press, subjected to degreasing treatment and primer treatment, and a pressure plate coated with an adhesive, and a friction material preform, It can be manufactured by a step of thermoforming at a predetermined temperature and pressure in the forming step, fixing both members together, performing after-curing, and finally finishing.
以下、実施例により本発明を具体的に説明する。ただし、本発明はこれらの実施例のみに限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically by way of examples. However, the present invention is not limited to only these examples.
実施例１〜４、比較例１〜８
第１表に示す摩擦材の原材料（質量％）をミキサーにて均一に攪拌、混合し、摩擦材混合品を得た。続いて該摩擦材混合品を、成形温度１５０〜１８０℃、圧力３０〜８０ＭＰａで加熱加圧成形し、次いで１５０〜３００℃、０．１〜４時間熱処理し、摩擦材を得た。
第１表において、実施例１〜４では、黒鉛の平均粒径は、７５０μｍ、マイカ、炭酸カルシウム、硫酸バリウムの平均粒径は、それぞれ３００μｍ、１０μｍ、２０μｍである。珪酸ジルコニウム及びクロマイトの平均粒径は、各々１０μｍである。比較例１〜８で使用した黒鉛の平均粒径は、１５０μｍ、マイカ、炭酸カルシウム、硫酸バリウムの平均粒径は、それぞれ１００μｍ、１μｍ、１０μｍである。なお、比較例１〜４、７は無機フィラーが５０質量％を越えるものであり、比較例５，６，８は無機フィラーが１０質量％未満のものである。また、比較例３、６は黒鉛が５質量％未満のものであり、比較例４，５，７，８は黒鉛が２０質量％を越えるものである。
Examples 1-4, Comparative Examples 1-8
The friction material raw materials (mass%) shown in Table 1 were uniformly stirred and mixed with a mixer to obtain a friction material mixture. Subsequently, the friction material mixture was subjected to heat and pressure molding at a molding temperature of 150 to 180 ° C. and a pressure of 30 to 80 MPa, and then heat-treated at 150 to 300 ° C. for 0.1 to 4 hours to obtain a friction material.
In Table 1, in Examples 1 to 4, the average particle diameter of graphite is 750 μm, and the average particle diameters of mica, calcium carbonate, and barium sulfate are 300 μm, 10 μm, and 20 μm, respectively. The average particle diameter of zirconium silicate and chromite is 10 μm. The average particle diameter of graphite used in Comparative Examples 1 to 8 is 150 μm, and the average particle diameters of mica, calcium carbonate, and barium sulfate are 100 μm, 1 μm, and 10 μm, respectively. In Comparative Examples 1 to 4, and 7, the inorganic filler exceeds 50% by mass, and in Comparative Examples 5, 6, and 8, the inorganic filler is less than 10% by mass. In Comparative Examples 3 and 6, graphite is less than 5% by mass, and in Comparative Examples 4, 5, 7, and 8, graphite exceeds 20% by mass.
［性能試験等］
得られた摩擦材の性能等を以下により評価し、結果を第２表に示す。
（効き）
ＡＫ−Ｍａｓｔｅｒ（欧州規格）による摩擦性能試験により評価した。
○：フェード最小μが０．２５以上
×：フェード最小μが０．２５未満
（ローター攻撃性）
ＡＫ−Ｍａｓｔｅｒにより効き試験での終了品を評価した。
○：ローター摩耗量が１５μｍ以下
×：ローター摩耗量が１５μｍより大
（クラック性）
ＪＡＳＯ−Ｃ４０６−８２に準拠し、終了品により判断した。
○：クラックなし
×：クラックあり
（原材料コスト）
○：小
×：大
[Performance tests, etc.]
The performance of the obtained friction material was evaluated as follows, and the results are shown in Table 2.
(Effective)
It evaluated by the friction performance test by AK-Master (European standard).
○: Fade minimum μ is 0.25 or more ×: Fade minimum μ is less than 0.25 (rotor attack)
The finished product in the efficacy test was evaluated by AK-Master.
○: Rotor wear amount is 15 μm or less ×: Rotor wear amount is larger than 15 μm (cracking property)
In accordance with JASO-C406-82, the final product was judged.
○: No crack ×: Crack (raw material cost)
○: Small ×: Large
上表より、本発明は、優れた高速時の効きとフェード特性並びにローター攻撃性の改善の両立が得られるとともにクラック性も良好であることが分かる。比較例１〜８は、ローター攻撃性は実施例１〜４より摩耗量が多くて劣り、効きが確保されず、両者性能の両立は得られないとともにクラック性も確保されないことが分かる。また、本発明は摩擦材原料コストにおいてカシューダスト及びゴムを用いる比較例１〜８より安価である。 From the above table, it can be seen that the present invention can achieve both excellent effects at high speed, fading characteristics, and improvement in rotor attack, and also has good cracking properties. It can be seen that Comparative Examples 1 to 8 are inferior to Examples 1 to 4 in rotor aggression and inferior in wear, are not ensured in effectiveness, are not compatible with both performances, and are not cracked. Moreover, this invention is cheaper than the comparative examples 1-8 which use cashew dust and rubber | gum in friction material raw material cost.
Claims (8)
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| WO2012066969A1 (en) | 2010-11-19 | 2012-05-24 | 日立化成工業株式会社 | Non-asbestos friction material composition, and friction material and friction member using same |
| US10302165B2 (en) | 2010-11-19 | 2019-05-28 | Hitachi Chemical Company, Ltd. | Non-asbestos friction material composition, friction material using same, and friction member |
| JP6254424B2 (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2017-12-27 | 曙ブレーキ工業株式会社 | Friction material |
| CN108495905B (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2019-10-08 | 日立化成株式会社 | Friction material composition, friction material and friction member |
| JP6733604B2 (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2020-08-05 | 株式会社アドヴィックス | Friction material |
| JP6879102B2 (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2021-06-02 | 株式会社アドヴィックス | Friction material |
| CN114031356B (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2023-03-24 | 北京天宜上佳高新材料股份有限公司 | Composition, wear-resistant material, brake pad and preparation method thereof |
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| JPS61115987A (en) * | 1984-11-12 | 1986-06-03 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Friction material using steel fiber |
| DE3705540A1 (en) * | 1986-06-13 | 1987-12-17 | Ruetgerswerke Ag | HIGH TEMPERATURE RESISTANT MOLDS |
| US4994506A (en) * | 1989-08-31 | 1991-02-19 | Redco N.V. | Brake linings |
| JP2879382B2 (en) * | 1991-03-28 | 1999-04-05 | 日清紡績株式会社 | Friction material without fiber component |
| JPH06129455A (en) * | 1992-01-21 | 1994-05-10 | Nisshinbo Ind Inc | Nonasbestine friction matrial |
| JPH06145650A (en) * | 1992-11-10 | 1994-05-27 | Nisshinbo Ind Inc | Non-asbestos type friction material |
| JP2003113253A (en) * | 2001-07-30 | 2003-04-18 | Nisshinbo Ind Inc | Non-asbestos-based friction material |
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| JP2006206785A (en) * | 2005-01-31 | 2006-08-10 | Nisshinbo Ind Inc | Friction material |
| JP2009155439A (en) * | 2007-12-26 | 2009-07-16 | Advics Co Ltd | Friction material |
| JP5144459B2 (en) * | 2008-10-10 | 2013-02-13 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Friction pair |
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