JP5537937B2 - 本質的に不燃性の低地球温暖化係数の組成物 - Google Patents
本質的に不燃性の低地球温暖化係数の組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5537937B2 JP5537937B2 JP2009521979A JP2009521979A JP5537937B2 JP 5537937 B2 JP5537937 B2 JP 5537937B2 JP 2009521979 A JP2009521979 A JP 2009521979A JP 2009521979 A JP2009521979 A JP 2009521979A JP 5537937 B2 JP5537937 B2 JP 5537937B2
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- Prior art keywords
- composition
- tetrafluoropropene
- heptafluorobutene
- present
- composition according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019149 tocopherols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 1
- QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N γ-tocopherol Chemical class OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1 QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
本発明はヘプタフルオロブテンおよびテトラフルオロプロペンの組成物に関し、具体的には低地球温暖化係数(GWP)冷媒として特に有用な1,1,1,2,4,4,4−ヘプタフルオロブテンと、1,1,1,2−テトラフルオロプロペン、1,1,1,3−テトラフルオロプロペンまたはこれらの混合物との組成物に関する。
気候変動に対する人間活動の影響に関する懸念が日本の京都における1997年の国際連合会議を促した。その結果生まれた京都議定書は、大気中の温室ガスを「気候システムに対する危険な人的干渉を避け得るレベル」に安定させることを求めている。
本発明者らは、ヘプタフルオロブテンおよびテトラフルオロプロペンの混合物が、本質的に不燃性であり、低いGWP、適切な沸点および許容し得る程度に良好な化学的安定性を有することを見出した。
本発明は、低いGWPで、本質的に不燃性の、化学的に安定な、許容される沸点を有し、共沸性様であり、一定の温度で沸騰するかまたは非共沸性であるかのどちらかである組成を有する組成物を提供する。テトラフルオロプロペン、例えば、HFO−1234ze、は可燃性であるが、本発明のかかるテトラフルオロプロペンを含有する組成物は不燃性である。
特定の実施形態によれば、本発明の組成物は、安定剤をさらに含むことができる。本発明の組成物を安定化させるのに適当な様々な化合物のどれでも使用することができる。ある種の好ましい安定剤の例は少なくとも1つのフェノール組成物および芳香族エポキシド、アルキルエポキシド、アルケニルエポキシド、およびこれらの2つ以上の組合せから成る群から選択される少なくとも1つのエポキシドを含む安定剤組成物を含む。
本発明の冷媒組成物は、空調、冷却、ヒートポンプ、HVACシステムなどを含む幅広く様々な冷却システムのいずれにおいても使用することができる。特定の好ましい実施形態では、本発明の組成物は,当初はHFC冷媒、例えばHFC−134aなどを用いる使用のために設計された冷却システムにおいて使用される。本発明の好ましい組成物は、HFC−134aおよび他のHFC冷媒の望ましい特徴の多くを、従来のHFC冷媒のGWPと同様に低いまたはより低いGWPおよびかかる冷媒と同様に高いまたはより高い能力を含めて示す傾向がある。加えて、本発明の組成物の比較的一定な沸騰性は、これらを多くの用途における冷媒としての使用のためにある種の従来のHFCよりも望ましくさえする。本発明の冷媒組成物は、冷却用組成物を冷却される物品に近接して蒸発させることを含む物品の冷却のために使用することができる。同様に、本発明の冷媒組成物は、冷媒組成物を加熱される物品に近接して凝縮させることを含む物品の加熱のために使用することができる。
頂上にコンデンサーを有する真空ジャケット付きのチューブからなるエブリオメーターを使用した。HFO−1234yf約24グラムをエブリオメーターに投入し、次いで1,1,1,2,4,4,4−ヘプタフルオロブテンを少量の計量された増分ずつ加えた。1,1,2,4,4,4−ヘプタフルオロ−2−ブテンを加えると温度降下が観察され、二成分最低共沸混合物が形成されることを示す。
頂上にコンデンサーを有する真空ジャケット付きのチューブからなるエブリオメーターを使用した。trans−HFO−1234ze約23グラムをエブリオメーターに投入し、次いで1,1,1,2,4,4,4−ヘプタフルオロブテンを少量の計量された増分ずつ加えた。1,1,2,4,4,4−ヘプタフルオロ−2−ブテンを加えると温度降下が観察され、二成分最低共沸混合物が形成されることを示す。
ポリアルキレングリコール潤滑剤とHFO−1234yf(1,1,1,2−テトロフルオロプロペン)90重量部および1,1,1,2,4,4,4−ヘプタフルオロブテン10重量部との混合物を作製し、肉厚ガラスチューブ中に銅、鋼鉄およびアルミニウムの細片と共に191℃(375゜F)の温度で2週間密封する。本発明の組成物混合物の代わりにR−134aを収容している同様のチューブも密封して191℃(375゜F)の温度で2週間貯蔵する。この暴露の後、2本のチューブの内容物の色はほぼ同じで、類似の化学的安定性を示す。
ポリアルキレングリコール潤滑剤とHFO−1234ze(1,1,1,3−テトロフルオロプロペン)90重量部および1,1,1,2,4,4,4−ヘプタフルオロブテン10重量部との混合物を作製し、肉厚ガラスチューブ中に銅、鋼鉄およびアルミニウムの細片と共に191℃(375゜F)の温度で2週間密封する。本発明の組成物混合物の代わりにR−245faを収容している同様のチューブも密封して191℃(375゜F)の温度で2週間貯蔵する。この暴露の後、2本のチューブの内容物の色はほぼ同じで、類似の化学的安定性を示すということが分かる。
本発明の冷媒組成物は、空調、冷却、ヒートポンプ、HVACシステムなどを含む幅広く様々な冷却システムのいずれにおいても使用することができる。本発明の好ましい組成物は、従来のHFC冷媒のGWPよりもずっと低いGWPおよびかかる冷媒と同様に低いかまたはより低いコンプレッサーの吐出温度を含めて、HFC冷媒の望ましい特徴の多くを示す傾向がある。加えて、本発明の組成物の比較的一定な沸騰性は、これらを多くの用途における冷媒としての使用のためにある種の従来のHFCよりさらに望ましくさえもする。
Claims (24)
- テトラフルオロプロペンおよびヘプタフルオロブテンの合計重量に対して、50重量%〜100重量%未満のテトラフルオロプロペンおよび50重量%〜0重量%超のヘプタフルオロブテンを含む共沸混合物様組成物。
- テトラフルオロプロペンおよびヘプタフルオロブテンの合計重量に対して、65重量%〜99重量%のテトラフルオロプロペンおよび35重量%〜1重量%のヘプタフルオロブテンを含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- テトラフルオロプロペンおよびヘプタフルオロブテンの合計重量に対して、90重量%〜99重量%のテトラフルオロプロペンおよび10重量%〜1重量%のヘプタフルオロブテンを含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記テトラフルオロプロペンが、1,1,1,2−テトラフルオロプロペン、1,1,1,3−テトラフルオロプロペンおよびこれらの混合物から成る群から選択され、前記ヘプタフルオロブテンが1,1,1,2,4,4,4−ヘプタフルオロブテンを含む、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 前記テトラフルオロプロペンが、1,1,1,2−テトラフルオロプロペンである、請求項4に記載の組成物。
- 前記テトラフルオロプロペンが、1,1,1,3−テトラフルオロプロペンである、請求項4に記載の組成物。
- 前記テトラフルオロプロペンが、trans−1,1,1,3−テトラフルオロプロペンである、請求項6に記載の組成物。
- 1.03kgf/cm 2 ・abs(14.7psia)の圧力で−29.223℃〜−−28.897℃の沸点を有する、請求項5に記載の組成物。
- 1.03kgf/cm 2 ・abs(14.7psia)の圧力で−18.631℃〜−17.980℃の沸点を有する、請求項7に記載の組成物。
- ASHRAE−34(2004)の不燃性基準を満たす、請求項1〜9のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 10未満の地球温暖化係数を有する、請求項1〜10のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 1,1,1,2−テトラフルオロプロペンおよび1,1,1,2,4,4,4−ヘプタフルオロブテンから本質的に成る、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 1,1,1,3−テトラフルオロプロペンおよび1,1,1,2,4,4,4−ヘプタフルオロブテンから本質的に成る、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 1つまたは複数の追加の成分をさらに含み、前記1つまたは複数の追加の成分が、安定剤、金属不動態化剤、腐食抑制剤、および潤滑剤から成る群から選択される、請求項1〜13のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 少なくとも1つのフェノール化合物および芳香族エポキシド、アルキルエポキシド、アルケニルエポキシド、およびこれらの2つ以上の組合せから成る群から選択される少なくとも1つのエポキシド化合物を含む組成物である安定剤を含む、請求項14に記載の組成物。
- 前記安定剤におけるフェノール化合物とエポキシド化合物との重量比が30:1〜1:1の範囲内である、請求項15に記載の組成物。
- ポリアルキレングリコールおよびポリオールエステルから選ばれる潤滑剤を含む、請求項14に記載の組成物。
- 請求項1〜17のいずれかに記載の組成物を含む冷媒組成物。
- 請求項18に記載の冷媒組成物を含む、冷却システム。
- 空調、冷却、ヒートポンプ、およびHVACシステムからなる群から選ばれる、請求項19に記載の冷却システム。
- 空調機、電気冷蔵庫、チラー、輸送用冷却システム、および商業的冷却システムから選ばれる、請求項20に記載の冷却システム。
- HFC−134a冷媒を用いることができる、請求項19に記載の冷却システム。
- 請求項18に記載の冷媒組成物を、冷却される物品に近接して蒸発させるステップを含む、物品を冷却する方法。
- 請求項18に記載の冷媒組成物を、加熱される物品に近接して凝縮させるステップを含む、物品を加熱する方法。
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WO2008024508A1 (en) * | 2006-08-24 | 2008-02-28 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Processes for separation of fluoroolefins from hydrogen fluoride by azeotropic distillation |
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EP2069453A2 (en) | 2009-06-17 |
CN101517031B (zh) | 2013-04-10 |
US20080026977A1 (en) | 2008-01-31 |
JP2009544822A (ja) | 2009-12-17 |
WO2008014317A2 (en) | 2008-01-31 |
CN101517031A (zh) | 2009-08-26 |
WO2008014317A3 (en) | 2008-04-03 |
EP2471886A2 (en) | 2012-07-04 |
EP2069453B1 (en) | 2013-01-02 |
US7563384B2 (en) | 2009-07-21 |
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