JP5537854B2 - Method for producing phosphorus fertilizer and phosphorus fertilizer obtained by the method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for producing fertilizer, and a fertilizer obtained by this method. More specifically, the method uses a natural product plum seed as a raw material, and this is a simple method without causing problems such as recent environmental destruction. It is related with the manufacturing method of the phosphorus fertilizer which can be made into a high concentration phosphorus fertilizer with economical efficiency, and the phosphorus fertilizer derived from the natural product obtained by this method.

  Conventionally, phosphorus fertilizers that supply phosphorus components essential for the growth of agricultural products together with nitrogen and potassium are derived from minerals such as phosphorus ore, and from living organisms (seabird excrement, microorganisms, etc.), activated sludge and Incinerated ash from sewage sludge, or water in which deep water from the sea or lake is treated with a reverse osmosis membrane to increase the concentration of phosphorus compounds is known.

  However, there is a concern about the global depletion of phosphorus in recent years, and in Japan, it is necessary to rely on imports of the raw material ore. Since the manufacturing equipment is required, not only the manufacturing cost becomes enormous, but also there are various problems such as securing the installation location of the equipment and maintenance management of the equipment, leading to further increase in the manufacturing cost. There is an urgent need to supply low-cost and stable phosphorus fertilizers with fewer processes.

JP-A-8-119778 JP 2002-29871 A JP-A-5-301791

  The present invention has been made in view of the above situation, and it is easy to obtain raw materials, and does not require large-scale equipment, and can be produced inexpensively and simply. The issue is to provide phosphorus fertilizer.

In order to achieve the above object, the present inventor replaces an inorganic substance containing phosphorus as a main raw material of phosphorus fertilizer, such as phosphorus ore and by-products in the chemical industry. Focusing on organic substances derived from substances, using organic substances derived from natural products, the phosphorus component contained in the raw material is decomposed and extracted into phosphorus compounds in a form that is easily absorbed by plants using a simple technique. We intensively studied to find a method that can be obtained.
As a result, in the study of various organic substances, in Japan, plum seeds that are consumed in relatively large quantities regardless of the season, and are therefore generated and discarded in large quantities, especially in the so-called “ren” part of the seeds. Has a relatively high concentration of phosphorus, and it has been found that plum seeds also contain nitrogen derived from hydrocyanic acid.

  Plum seeds can be left undisturbed or buried in the soil with no particular adverse effects, and may be planted directly in the soil where crops that require phosphorus fertilizer or nitrogen fertilizer are cultivated. If left alone, the natural decomposition of the outer shell of the seed takes a long time, so it is not immediately effective, and it is difficult to control the amount of fertilization according to the nature of the soil and the season.

  The present inventor added a fermentative bacterium to a plum fruit containing seeds and fermented it in the air, whereby the phosphorus component in the seeds was easily converted into phosphate ions that can be absorbed by the plant in the soil. As a result, the present inventors have found that it can be easily extracted as a compound and can be used as a phosphorus fertilizer.

  Conventionally, as a method for producing fertilizer by fermenting raw materials, for example, a fermented fertilizer production method (eg, Patent Documents 1 and 2) for fermenting in a fermenter or the like using livestock waste or sludge, or agricultural product disposal Several methods have been proposed, including a method for producing compost (such as Patent Document 3) in which fermented products from microorganisms are added to plant-derived compost raw materials such as foods to deposit, ferment, and mature. It is not known in the past that the fermenting process can easily proceed if fermenting bacteria are used, and that a method of using a plum fruit as a raw material to make it a phosphorus fertilizer by a fermentation process.

The present inventor was able to solve the above problems by adopting the following configuration. That is, this invention consists of the structure of following (1)-(5).
(1) The method for producing a phosphorus fertilizer according to the present invention is characterized in that a fermenting bacterium is added to a plum seed or a plum fruit containing a seed and subjected to a fermentation treatment under aerobic conditions.
(2) In the method for producing a phosphorus fertilizer according to the present invention described in (1), the use efficiency of plums is enhanced when the seeds are seeds collected from fruits after being processed into plum dried or / and plum wine. More preferred above.
(3) Moreover, the manufacturing method of the phosphorus fertilizer of this invention as described in said (1) or (2) is more preferable at the point which raises fermentation efficiency that the said fermentation bacteria are thermophilic bacteria.
(4) Furthermore, in the method for producing a phosphorus fertilizer according to any one of (1) to (3), the temperature for the fermentation treatment is preferably 25 ° C. or higher.
(5) Moreover, the phosphorus fertilizer of this invention is manufactured by the manufacturing method in any one of said (1)-(4).

According to the method for producing phosphorus fertilizer of the present invention, it is an organic substance derived from a natural product without using an inorganic substance containing a phosphorus component such as a by-product in the chemical industry, such as phosphate ore and calcium phosphate, which are feared to be depleted, Moreover, since the ume seeds, which are always consumed in large quantities regardless of the season and are discarded, are used as raw materials, the raw materials can be obtained easily and inexpensively.
Furthermore, because fermented bacteria are simply added to the ume seeds, which are the raw material, and fermented, no special production facilities or large space is required, and the manufacturing process is simple, so it is economically efficient. High concentration phosphorus fertilizer that can be absorbed quickly.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.
The method for producing phosphorus fertilizer according to the present invention uses ume seeds and ume fruits from which seeds have not been removed as raw materials, and is fermented by the action of fermenting bacteria so that the ume seeds can be absorbed by plants. The phosphorus component present in the seed in a difficult form is decomposed into a phosphorus compound in a form that can be dissociated as phosphate ions that are easily absorbed by plants in soil containing water.

That is, the phosphorus fertilizer of the present invention is generally manufactured by the following process.
Plum seeds or plum fruits containing seeds (hereinafter referred to as plum seeds and plum fruits containing seeds are simply referred to as plum seeds) are used as starting materials. Plums can be used as they are, with raw fruits picked from plum trees, as well as seeds that have been processed and dried as plums, and seeds collected from fruits that have been processed into plum wine, etc. However, it is more preferable to increase the utilization efficiency of plums by using seeds collected from fruits that have been processed into umeboshi or umeshu.

Next, the raw material of phosphorus fertilizer is prepared by mechanically crushing the collected plum fruits to a size of about 1 to 5 mm by a pulverizing means such as a laika machine, a roll mill, or a mortar.
Next, the raw material of the obtained phosphorus fertilizer is deposited in a piled state on the ground, concrete floor, etc. where the soil is exposed, and this sediment (mechanically crushed and deposited plum seeds is hereinafter referred to as “raw material”. Water is adjusted so that the moisture content of the sediment is approximately 30 to 50%, and fermentation is performed at one or several locations inside the sediment. A fungus bed containing bacteria is buried and placed.
The fermenter is not buried or placed in one or several places inside the seed deposit, but it is first mixed with the coarsely ground ume seeds and then placed on the ground or concrete floor. Needless to say, the raw material seed deposits may be deposited in a piled state.

  Next, by adding about 0.5 to 1% by weight of sucrose, fructose, etc. into the raw material seed deposit, nutrients such as sugar are supplied into the raw material seed deposit, and plastic sheets such as PVC sheets are used for heat insulation. The entire raw material seed deposit is covered with a sheet, mushiro, rice straw, etc., and left for a certain period of time at an ambient temperature of 23 to 25 ° C. or higher.

By adding the fungus bed, adjusting the moisture, leaving it under a certain temperature with nutrients and covering with a sheet etc., the raw material seed deposits start to ferment, so the internal temperature is caused by the heat of fermentation. Rise gradually.
While leaving the seed seed deposit, the fermented bacteria grow more actively, removing the covered sheet about once a week and turning it back while blowing air (stirring, mixing) It is more preferable to promote the fermentation and make the fermentation uniform.
In this specification, fermentation refers to a phenomenon in which ume seeds are decomposed by microorganisms.

Roughly crushed raw material seeds are not deposited and left on the ground or concrete floor as described above, but a storage tank (fermenter) made of, for example, stainless steel, concrete, bricks, etc. is provided and fungi are contained therein. You may make it ferment in a storage tank (fermentor), storing and leaving with a floor and nutrients.
As fermentative bacteria to be contained in the fungus bed added to the roughly crushed raw material seeds, gram-negative bacteria, actinomycetes, lactic acid bacteria, etc., high-temperature fermentative bacteria that actively grow at about 50 ° C or higher, or 30 ° C to 40 ° C It is more preferable to use a high-temperature fermenting bacterium, in particular, a high-temperature fermenting bacterium that can be actively grown. These fermenting bacteria may be used, for example, by increasing the amount by mixing with paste-like strawberries, livestock dung, fish meal, bone meal or the like.

In this way, the temperature of the seed seed deposits left for a certain period of time gradually increases as the fermentation process proceeds, and when the temperature reaches a certain level, the temperature starts to decrease. When the internal temperature reaches a certain temperature of about 60 ° C or higher and then gradually begins to decline, the fermentation of the raw material seed deposits is almost complete, and the phosphorus component in the plum seeds is decomposed and moisture in the soil The phosphate fertilizer of the present invention is obtained by changing to a form capable of dissociating phosphate ions that are easily absorbed by plants.
Depending on the amount of seed material charged, approximately 20 to 30 days are sufficient until fermentation of plum seeds is almost completed by the production method of the present invention and phosphorus fertilizer is finished.
The phosphorus fertilizer of the present invention thus obtained is pulverized to an arbitrary particle size that is easy to fertilize as necessary.

Next, an example explains the present invention.
[Example 1]
100 g of umeboshi seeds were sufficiently dried and coarsely crushed with a roll mill so that the length of the longest part was about 3 to 5 mm.
Next, the obtained raw material seeds are deposited on a concrete floor to form a raw material seed deposit, and about 2% by weight of sugar is sprayed over the raw material seed deposit, and water is added thereto. The water content of the raw material seed deposit was adjusted to be approximately 40%.
Next, a fungus bed containing high-temperature fermenting bacteria is embedded in the central part of the raw material seed deposit, and a thermometer is inserted in a state in which the internal temperature can be confirmed from the outside of the deposited raw material seed. It was covered and left in an environment with an ambient temperature of 25 ° C.
The raw material seed deposits were removed from the vinyl sheet covering the surface once every seven days, mixed by turning back while sending air with a fan to bring the surface of the raw material seed deposits into contact with air.

  The internal temperature begins to gradually increase from room temperature (25 ° C.) due to the heat generation of the raw material seed deposits left in this way, the internal temperature reaches approximately 80 ° C. within 28 days after being left, and then begins to drop below 80 ° C. Therefore, the vinyl sheet was removed on the 30th day after standing, and this deposit was collected and stirred, and sieved to obtain a phosphorus fertilizer with a uniform particle size.

When the obtained phosphorus fertilizer was suspended in pure water and sufficiently stirred, the supernatant was collected and subjected to chemical analysis. As a result, phosphate ions were detected in the supernatant.
On the other hand, 100 g of umeboshi seeds, which are the raw material for this phosphorus fertilizer, were left in 1000 cc of pure water for 7 days, and the supernatant was chemically analyzed. As a result, phosphate ions were not detected in the supernatant. The phosphorus fertilizer of the present invention contains a component that dissociates phosphate ions that are easily absorbed by plants in water-containing soil, and it is understood that the phosphorus fertilizer has a high immediate effect as a phosphorus fertilizer.

Claims (5)

A method for producing phosphorus fertilizer, comprising adding fermentative bacteria to plum seeds or plum fruits containing seeds and subjecting them to fermentation under aerobic conditions. The method for producing a phosphorus fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the seed is a seed collected from a fruit after being processed into plum dried or / and plum wine. The method for producing a phosphorus fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fermentative bacterium is a thermophilic bacterium. The temperature of the said fermentation process is 25 degreeC or more, The manufacturing method of the phosphorus fertilizer of any one of Claims 1-3 characterized by the above-mentioned. The phosphorus fertilizer manufactured by the manufacturing method of any one of Claims 1-4.