JP5537623B2 - 磁気共鳴イメージング装置 - Google Patents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/026—Measuring blood flow
- A61B5/0263—Measuring blood flow using NMR
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/05—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves
- A61B5/055—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves involving electronic [EMR] or nuclear [NMR] magnetic resonance, e.g. magnetic resonance imaging
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/44—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
- G01R33/48—NMR imaging systems
- G01R33/4818—MR characterised by data acquisition along a specific k-space trajectory or by the temporal order of k-space coverage, e.g. centric or segmented coverage of k-space
- G01R33/4824—MR characterised by data acquisition along a specific k-space trajectory or by the temporal order of k-space coverage, e.g. centric or segmented coverage of k-space using a non-Cartesian trajectory
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/44—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
- G01R33/48—NMR imaging systems
- G01R33/54—Signal processing systems, e.g. using pulse sequences ; Generation or control of pulse sequences; Operator console
- G01R33/56—Image enhancement or correction, e.g. subtraction or averaging techniques, e.g. improvement of signal-to-noise ratio and resolution
- G01R33/561—Image enhancement or correction, e.g. subtraction or averaging techniques, e.g. improvement of signal-to-noise ratio and resolution by reduction of the scanning time, i.e. fast acquiring systems, e.g. using echo-planar pulse sequences
- G01R33/5615—Echo train techniques involving acquiring plural, differently encoded, echo signals after one RF excitation, e.g. using gradient refocusing in echo planar imaging [EPI], RF refocusing in rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement [RARE] or using both RF and gradient refocusing in gradient and spin echo imaging [GRASE]
- G01R33/5616—Echo train techniques involving acquiring plural, differently encoded, echo signals after one RF excitation, e.g. using gradient refocusing in echo planar imaging [EPI], RF refocusing in rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement [RARE] or using both RF and gradient refocusing in gradient and spin echo imaging [GRASE] using gradient refocusing, e.g. EPI
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/44—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
- G01R33/48—NMR imaging systems
- G01R33/54—Signal processing systems, e.g. using pulse sequences ; Generation or control of pulse sequences; Operator console
- G01R33/56—Image enhancement or correction, e.g. subtraction or averaging techniques, e.g. improvement of signal-to-noise ratio and resolution
- G01R33/561—Image enhancement or correction, e.g. subtraction or averaging techniques, e.g. improvement of signal-to-noise ratio and resolution by reduction of the scanning time, i.e. fast acquiring systems, e.g. using echo-planar pulse sequences
- G01R33/5615—Echo train techniques involving acquiring plural, differently encoded, echo signals after one RF excitation, e.g. using gradient refocusing in echo planar imaging [EPI], RF refocusing in rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement [RARE] or using both RF and gradient refocusing in gradient and spin echo imaging [GRASE]
- G01R33/5617—Echo train techniques involving acquiring plural, differently encoded, echo signals after one RF excitation, e.g. using gradient refocusing in echo planar imaging [EPI], RF refocusing in rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement [RARE] or using both RF and gradient refocusing in gradient and spin echo imaging [GRASE] using RF refocusing, e.g. RARE
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/44—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
- G01R33/48—NMR imaging systems
- G01R33/54—Signal processing systems, e.g. using pulse sequences ; Generation or control of pulse sequences; Operator console
- G01R33/56—Image enhancement or correction, e.g. subtraction or averaging techniques, e.g. improvement of signal-to-noise ratio and resolution
- G01R33/563—Image enhancement or correction, e.g. subtraction or averaging techniques, e.g. improvement of signal-to-noise ratio and resolution of moving material, e.g. flow contrast angiography
- G01R33/5635—Angiography, e.g. contrast-enhanced angiography [CE-MRA] or time-of-flight angiography [TOF-MRA]
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/7271—Specific aspects of physiological measurement analysis
- A61B5/7285—Specific aspects of physiological measurement analysis for synchronising or triggering a physiological measurement or image acquisition with a physiological event or waveform, e.g. an ECG signal
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/44—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
- G01R33/48—NMR imaging systems
- G01R33/4818—MR characterised by data acquisition along a specific k-space trajectory or by the temporal order of k-space coverage, e.g. centric or segmented coverage of k-space
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/44—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
- G01R33/48—NMR imaging systems
- G01R33/54—Signal processing systems, e.g. using pulse sequences ; Generation or control of pulse sequences; Operator console
- G01R33/56—Image enhancement or correction, e.g. subtraction or averaging techniques, e.g. improvement of signal-to-noise ratio and resolution
- G01R33/561—Image enhancement or correction, e.g. subtraction or averaging techniques, e.g. improvement of signal-to-noise ratio and resolution by reduction of the scanning time, i.e. fast acquiring systems, e.g. using echo-planar pulse sequences
- G01R33/5613—Generating steady state signals, e.g. low flip angle sequences [FLASH]
- G01R33/5614—Generating steady state signals, e.g. low flip angle sequences [FLASH] using a fully balanced steady-state free precession [bSSFP] pulse sequence, e.g. trueFISP
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/44—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
- G01R33/48—NMR imaging systems
- G01R33/54—Signal processing systems, e.g. using pulse sequences ; Generation or control of pulse sequences; Operator console
- G01R33/56—Image enhancement or correction, e.g. subtraction or averaging techniques, e.g. improvement of signal-to-noise ratio and resolution
- G01R33/563—Image enhancement or correction, e.g. subtraction or averaging techniques, e.g. improvement of signal-to-noise ratio and resolution of moving material, e.g. flow contrast angiography
- G01R33/56341—Diffusion imaging
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/44—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
- G01R33/48—NMR imaging systems
- G01R33/54—Signal processing systems, e.g. using pulse sequences ; Generation or control of pulse sequences; Operator console
- G01R33/56—Image enhancement or correction, e.g. subtraction or averaging techniques, e.g. improvement of signal-to-noise ratio and resolution
- G01R33/565—Correction of image distortions, e.g. due to magnetic field inhomogeneities
- G01R33/56509—Correction of image distortions, e.g. due to magnetic field inhomogeneities due to motion, displacement or flow, e.g. gradient moment nulling
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/44—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
- G01R33/48—NMR imaging systems
- G01R33/54—Signal processing systems, e.g. using pulse sequences ; Generation or control of pulse sequences; Operator console
- G01R33/56—Image enhancement or correction, e.g. subtraction or averaging techniques, e.g. improvement of signal-to-noise ratio and resolution
- G01R33/567—Image enhancement or correction, e.g. subtraction or averaging techniques, e.g. improvement of signal-to-noise ratio and resolution gated by physiological signals, i.e. synchronization of acquired MR data with periodical motion of an object of interest, e.g. monitoring or triggering system for cardiac or respiratory gating
- G01R33/5673—Gating or triggering based on a physiological signal other than an MR signal, e.g. ECG gating or motion monitoring using optical systems for monitoring the motion of a fiducial marker
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- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
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- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
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- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
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- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
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- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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- Magnetic Resonance Imaging Apparatus (AREA)
Description
21 静磁場用磁石
22 シムコイル
23 傾斜磁場コイルユニット
24 RFコイル
25 制御系
26 静磁場電源
27 傾斜磁場電源
28 シムコイル電源
29 送信器
30 受信器
31 シーケンスコントローラ
32 コンピュータ
33 入力装置
34 表示装置
35 演算装置
36 記憶装置
37 寝台
38 ECGユニット
40 シーケンスコントローラ制御部
41 k空間データベース
42 画像再構成部
43 画像データベース
44 血流像作成部
45 パルスシーケンス設定部
Claims (13)
- 着目する血流の走行方向に応じて印加されるフロー選択用傾斜磁場パルスを含むプリパルス部と、前記プリパルス部に続くデータ収集用のイメージングシーケンスとを有し、前記プリパルス部と前記イメージングシーケンスとの間に前記フロー選択用傾斜磁場パルスとは異なる他のパルスが印加されるパルスシーケンスを設定し、前記パルスシーケンスを心電同期で印加する撮像条件として設定する撮影条件設定手段と、
設定した前記パルスシーケンスに従ってイメージングスキャンを実行するスキャン実行手段と、
前記イメージングスキャンによって収集されたデータから血流像を生成する血流像生成手段と、
を有することを特徴とする磁気共鳴イメージング装置。 - 前記他のパルスは脂肪抑制パルスである、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の磁気共鳴イメージング装置。 - 前記フロー選択用傾斜磁場パルスはフローエンコードパルスである、
ことを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の磁気共鳴イメージング装置。 - 前記撮像条件設定部は、
拡張期に印加する第1のパルスシーケンスと、収縮期に印加する第2のパルスシーケンスを前記パルスシーケンスとして設定し、
前記第1のパルスシーケンスではフローエンコードパルスを前記フロー選択用傾斜磁場パルスとして設定し、前記第2のパルスシーケンスではフロースポイルパルスを前記フロー選択用傾斜磁場パルスとして設定する、
ことを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の磁気共鳴イメージング装置。 - 前記プリパルス部は、RFパルスとして、リフォーカスパルス、前記リフォーカスパルスの前に印加される励起パルス、及び前記リフォーカスパルスの後に印加される縦磁化回復パルスとを有する、
ことを特徴とする請求項1乃至4のいずれか1項に記載の磁気共鳴イメージング装置。 - 前記励起パルス及び前記縦磁化回復パルスのフリップ角は90度に設定される、
ことを特徴とする請求項5に記載の磁気共鳴イメージング装置。 - 前記励起パルス及び前記縦磁化回復パルスのフリップ角は45度に設定される、
ことを特徴とする請求項5に記載の磁気共鳴イメージング装置。 - 複数種のフロー選択用傾斜磁場パルスの強度または印加方向でエコーデータを収集する準備スキャンを実行する準備スキャン実行手段と、
前記準備スキャンによって収集された前記複数種のフロー選択用傾斜磁場パルスの強度ごとのデータに基づいて複数の参照用血流像を生成する参照用血流像生成手段と、
をさらに備え、
前記スキャン実行手段は、前記複数の参照用血流像の中から選択された参照用血流像の準備スキャンに用いたフロー選択用傾斜磁場パルスの強度で前記イメージングスキャンを実行するように構成される、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の磁気共鳴イメージング装置。 - 前記フロー選択用傾斜磁場パルスの複数の強度と、前記複数の強度ごとの血流からのデータの信号値との関係を示すグラフを表示する手段と、
前記イメージングスキャンにおける前記フロー選択用傾斜磁場パルスの強度を、前記グラフを参照して決定する手段と、
をさらに備えたことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の磁気共鳴イメージング装置。 - 前記準備スキャンにおける前記フロー選択用傾斜磁場パルスの強度は、前記プリパルス部を有するパルスシーケンス毎に変化する、
ことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の磁気共鳴イメージング装置。 - フロー選択用傾斜磁場パルスはMPG(Motion Probing Gradient)パルスであり、
前記スキャン実行手段は、
前記MPGパルスの印加直後にk空間中心のデータを収集する、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の磁気共鳴イメージング装置。 - 前記スキャン実行手段は、
1RR内の収縮期と拡張期の夫々の区間においてk空間中心付近のデータを収集する、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の磁気共鳴イメージング装置。 - 着目する血流の走行方向に応じて印加されるフロー選択用傾斜磁場パルスを含むプリパルス部と、前記プリパルス部に続くデータ収集用のイメージングシーケンスとを有するパルスシーケンスを設定し、前記パルスシーケンスを心電同期で印加する撮像条件として設定する撮影条件設定手段と、
設定した前記パルスシーケンスに従ってイメージングスキャンを実行するスキャン実行手段と、
前記イメージングスキャンによって収集されたデータから血流像を生成する血流像生成手段と、
を有することを特徴とする磁気共鳴イメージング装置。
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