JP5516443B2 - Weld bead cutting width measurement method - Google Patents
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- JP5516443B2 JP5516443B2 JP2011018922A JP2011018922A JP5516443B2 JP 5516443 B2 JP5516443 B2 JP 5516443B2 JP 2011018922 A JP2011018922 A JP 2011018922A JP 2011018922 A JP2011018922 A JP 2011018922A JP 5516443 B2 JP5516443 B2 JP 5516443B2
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- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 title claims description 125
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019557 luminance Nutrition 0.000 description 60
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
本発明は、溶接ビード切削幅測定方法に関し、特に電縫鋼管の外面ビード切削後の溶接ビードの切削幅の測定性能を効果的に向上させる、溶接ビード切削幅測定方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a weld bead cutting width measuring method, and more particularly to a weld bead cutting width measuring method that effectively improves the measurement performance of the welding bead cutting width after outer bead cutting of an electric resistance welded steel pipe.
特許文献１には、電縫管の溶接ビード切削後の形状を計測する際にスリット光とＩＴＶカメラによる光切断方法を持って鋼管ビード切削部の映像を捕らえる溶接ビード切削形状計測方法においてその断面形状映像を細線化処理し断面形状を算出しその断面形状の輝度により切削部と非切削部である母材とを区別し、その区別した切削部中央値と切削部右端の値と切削部左端の値とを求め、この三つの計測値をもとに左右計測値と母材中央値とをもって切削深さ量を算出し左右計測値をもって切削傾き量を算出することでビード切削形状を精度良く測定できることを特徴とする電縫管溶接ビード切削形状計測方法が記載されている。 Patent Document 1 discloses a cross section of a weld bead cutting shape measuring method that captures an image of a steel pipe bead cutting portion with a slit light and an optical cutting method using an ITV camera when measuring the shape of the ERW pipe after welding bead cutting. The shape image is thinned and the cross-sectional shape is calculated. The brightness of the cross-sectional shape is used to distinguish between the base material that is the cutting part and the non-cutting part. Based on these three measurement values, the cutting depth is calculated from the left and right measurement values and the base material median value, and the cutting inclination amount is calculated from the left and right measurement values. A method for measuring the shape of an electric-welded pipe weld bead cut is described.
特許文献１の方法はスリット光による撮影画像を用いるものであるが、溶接ビード切削幅のみが測定対象であるときは、スリット（線）光ではなくエリア（面）光による撮影画像が用いられる場合もある。いずれにしても、その原理は、測定したい外面ビード切削部周辺に照明装置で光を照射し、該照射した部位をカメラで撮影し、該撮影した画像をもとに、切削部と非切削部とで光の反射率に差があることを利用して、受光レベル（輝度）の差によって切削部の境界を検出するというものである。 The method of Patent Document 1 uses a photographed image by slit light, but when only the weld bead cutting width is a measurement target, a photographed image by area (surface) light is used instead of slit (line) light. There is also. In any case, the principle is that the outer bead cutting part to be measured is irradiated with light by an illumination device, the irradiated part is photographed with a camera, and the cutting part and the non-cutting part are taken based on the photographed image. By utilizing the fact that there is a difference in the reflectance of light, the boundary of the cutting part is detected by the difference in the light reception level (luminance).
電縫鋼管の電縫溶接部の探傷性能は、溶接ビード切削幅の測定精度に大きく影響され、この測定精度が悪いと電縫溶接部の探傷性能の向上は望めない。ビード切削幅測定にあたり、スリット光、エリア光のいずれの撮影画像を用いる場合でも、輝度による切削部の境界検出を行うが、その際、溶接ビード切削部の表面性状は、管素材板幅の変動、切削部の境界近傍の性状、水乗り等の環境条件、管円周方向の捩れ等々の外乱によって変化するため、切削部の撮影画像が不明瞭なものとなる場合が少なからずある。そのため信号処理として測定値の移動平均、異常データの排除など多くの演算処理が必要となっている。しかし、演算により平均化処理することで、溶接ビード切削幅の細かな変動を正確に測定することが困難であり、そのため電縫溶接部の探傷性能向上には限界があるという課題があった。 The flaw detection performance of the ERW welded portion of the ERW steel pipe is greatly influenced by the measurement accuracy of the weld bead cutting width, and if this measurement accuracy is poor, improvement in the flaw detection performance of the ERW weld cannot be expected. When measuring the bead cutting width, whether the slit light or the area light is used, the boundary of the cutting part is detected by brightness. At that time, the surface property of the weld bead cutting part is a fluctuation of the tube material plate width. Since it changes due to disturbances such as properties near the boundary of the cutting part, environmental conditions such as water riding, twisting in the circumferential direction of the pipe, the photographed image of the cutting part is often unclear. Therefore, many arithmetic processes such as moving average of measured values and elimination of abnormal data are required as signal processing. However, it is difficult to accurately measure fine fluctuations in the weld bead cutting width by performing the averaging process by calculation, and therefore there is a problem that there is a limit to improving the flaw detection performance of the ERW weld.
発明者は上記課題を解決するために鋭意検討し、その結果、溶接ビード切削幅の測定の信頼性を向上させうる撮影画像データ処理方法を見出し、本発明をなした。
すなわち本発明は、溶接ビード切削部を含む測定領域を照明器で照明しつつカメラで撮影し、その撮影画像を画像処理して溶接ビード切削幅を測定する溶接ビード切削幅測定方法において、照明光をエリア光とし、該エリア光を測定領域がビード長手方向で相異なる二以上の輝度部に分かれるように照射し、前記画像処理では、ビード長手方向での輝度変化の最大値のビード幅方向分布から、前記溶接ビード切削幅を求めることを特徴とする溶接ビード切削幅測定方法である。
The inventor diligently studied to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, found a photographed image data processing method capable of improving the reliability of measurement of the weld bead cutting width, and made the present invention.
That is, the present invention relates to a welding bead cutting width measuring method in which a measurement region including a weld bead cutting portion is photographed with a camera while illuminating with a illuminator, and the photographed image is image-processed to measure a weld bead cutting width. The area light is irradiated so that the measurement area is divided into two or more luminance parts different in the bead longitudinal direction, and in the image processing, the maximum value of the luminance change in the bead longitudinal direction is distributed in the bead width direction. The weld bead cutting width measurement method is characterized in that the welding bead cutting width is obtained.
本発明によれば、エリア光を測定領域がビード長手方向で相異なる二以上の輝度部に分かれるように照射し、前記画像処理では、ビード長手方向での輝度変化が最大値のビード幅方向分布から溶接ビード切削幅を求めるようにしたので、ビード長手方向の隣接二輝度部の境界に外乱によらず安定したコントラストを呈するビード切削部と、ビード長手方向の隣接二輝度部の境界のコントラストが明確でない非切削部とについて、それらの位置の同定が可能となり溶接ビード切削幅の測定信頼性が向上する。従って、本発明を電縫鋼管の電縫溶接部に適用した場合、電縫溶接部の探傷性能の向上に寄与する。 According to the present invention, the area light is irradiated so that the measurement area is divided into two or more luminance parts different in the bead longitudinal direction, and in the image processing, the bead width direction distribution in which the luminance change in the bead longitudinal direction is the maximum value. Since the weld bead cutting width is obtained from the above, the bead cutting portion that exhibits a stable contrast regardless of disturbance at the boundary between adjacent two luminance portions in the bead longitudinal direction and the boundary between the adjacent two luminance portions in the bead longitudinal direction are The positions of unclear non-cutting portions can be identified, and the measurement reliability of the weld bead cutting width is improved. Therefore, when the present invention is applied to the ERW welded portion of the ERW steel pipe, it contributes to the improvement of the flaw detection performance of the ERW welded portion.
本発明は、溶接ビード切削部を含む測定領域を照明器で照明しつつカメラで撮影し、その撮影画像を画像処理して溶接ビード切削幅を測定するという点では、従来技術と同様である。尚、従来技術との重複範囲において、溶接ビード切削部（略してビード切削部）はビード長手方向に移動しつつ測定され、且つ画像処理では、撮影画像からビード幅方向の輝度分布を導出し、その分布内での輝度変化の大きさが第１位と第２位である二つのビード幅方向位置を検出して該二位置間がビード幅であると同定し、該二位置間の距離を算出してビード幅の値とする。 The present invention is the same as the prior art in that a measurement region including a weld bead cutting portion is photographed with a camera while illuminating with a illuminator, and the photographed image is processed to measure the weld bead cutting width. In the overlapping range with the prior art, the weld bead cutting part (bead cutting part for short) is measured while moving in the bead longitudinal direction, and in the image processing, the luminance distribution in the bead width direction is derived from the photographed image, Two bead width direction positions where the magnitude of the luminance change in the distribution is the first and second positions are detected, the bead width is identified between the two positions, and the distance between the two positions is determined. Calculate the bead width value.
本発明では、照明光としてエリア光を用いる。エリア光は、相直交する二方向に広がるのでビード幅方向とビード長手方向との両方向に広がりを持つ測定領域を対象とする本発明に使えるが、スリット光では一方向にしか広がらないので本発明には使えない。
そして本発明では、エリア光を測定領域がビード長手方向で相異なる二以上の輝度部に分かれるように照射する。このようにしてビード長手方向に相異なる二以上の輝度部を現出させると、相異なる２つの輝度部の境界における輝度変化は、ビード切削部では安定したコントラストとして発現し、ビード切削部の幅方向両端の外側では、この境界における輝度変化がビード切削部に比較して明確とならないことを見出した。すなわち、上記隣接二輝度部間の境界はビード幅方向に延在し、該境界のビード幅方向両端の内側（ビード切削幅に対応させる部分）は外側（非切削部）に比べてコントラストが外乱の影響を受けにくく安定しているのである。
In the present invention, area light is used as illumination light. Since the area light spreads in two directions orthogonal to each other, it can be used in the present invention for a measurement region having a spread in both the bead width direction and the bead longitudinal direction, but the slit light spreads in only one direction. It cannot be used.
In the present invention, the area light is irradiated so that the measurement region is divided into two or more luminance portions that are different in the bead longitudinal direction. Thus, when two or more different luminance portions appear in the longitudinal direction of the bead, the luminance change at the boundary between the two different luminance portions appears as a stable contrast in the bead cutting portion, and the width of the bead cutting portion. It has been found that the brightness change at this boundary is not clear outside the both ends in the direction compared to the bead cutting part. That is, the boundary between the adjacent two luminance portions extends in the bead width direction, and the inner side (the portion corresponding to the bead cutting width) of both ends of the boundary in the bead width direction is less disturbed than the outer side (non-cut portion). It is difficult to be affected by and is stable.
そこで、本発明では、画像処理の際、ビード長手方向での輝度変化の最大値のビード幅方向分布からビード切削幅を求めるようにした。ビード長手方向での輝度変化を測定していくと、ビード切削部では二輝度領域の境界におけるコントラストが明瞭となるため、この二輝度領域の境界においてビード長手方向での輝度変化が最大値を示す。一方、非切削部では、外乱の影響を強く受け、二輝度領域の境界においてもコントラストが明瞭とはならないため、ビード長手方向での輝度変化がこの境界で最大値を示さないこともある。そして、非切削部におけるビード長手方向での輝度変化の最大値は、ビード切削部の輝度変化の最大値に比べて必ず低い値を示す。したがって、ビード長手方向での輝度変化の最大値のビード幅方向分布を求めることで、ビード切削部がいずれの位置であるかを正確に判断することができ、よって、正確なビード切削幅を求めることができる。 Therefore, in the present invention, the bead cutting width is obtained from the bead width direction distribution of the maximum value of the luminance change in the bead longitudinal direction during image processing. When the change in luminance in the longitudinal direction of the bead is measured, the contrast at the boundary between the two luminance regions becomes clear in the bead cutting part. Therefore, the luminance change in the longitudinal direction of the bead shows the maximum value at the boundary between the two luminance regions. . On the other hand, the non-cutting portion is strongly influenced by disturbance and the contrast is not clear even at the boundary between the two luminance regions, so that the luminance change in the bead longitudinal direction may not show the maximum value at this boundary. And the maximum value of the brightness | luminance change in the bead longitudinal direction in a non-cutting part necessarily shows a low value compared with the maximum value of the brightness | luminance change of a bead cutting part. Therefore, by calculating the bead width direction distribution of the maximum value of the luminance change in the bead longitudinal direction, it is possible to accurately determine the position of the bead cutting portion, and thus the accurate bead cutting width is determined. be able to.
尚、測定領域を二以上の輝度部に分ける方法としては、フィルタ面内の一方向の二以上の部分で透過率を相異させたフィルタに照明光を通す方法や、反射板を用いて照明光の一部を反射させて、直射光のみの入射域（低輝度）、直射光と乱反射光との重畳入射域（中輝度）、直射光と正反射光との重畳入射域（高輝度）を形成する方法などが挙げられる。
図１は、本発明の実施形態についての説明図である。これは、ビード長手方向に移動中の電縫鋼管を対象として、溶接ビード切削部（略してビード切削部）のビード幅測定に本発明を適用した例である。
In addition, as a method of dividing the measurement area into two or more luminance portions, a method of passing illumination light through a filter having different transmittances in two or more portions in one direction in the filter surface, or illumination using a reflector A part of the light is reflected, the incident area of only direct light (low brightness), the superimposed incident area of direct light and irregularly reflected light (medium brightness), the superimposed incident area of direct light and specularly reflected light (high brightness) The method of forming is mentioned.
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. This is an example in which the present invention is applied to the measurement of the bead width of a weld bead cutting portion (bead cutting portion for short) for an ERW steel pipe moving in the bead longitudinal direction.
この例では、図１の撮像画像に示すように、ビード長手方向１３に移動１２中の電縫鋼管１０のビード切削部１１を含む測定領域に、該測定領域がビード長手方向１３で相異なる三輝度部に分かれるように、エリア光を照射した。すなわち、照明光の照射光量を異ならせて３輝度部（図中のＡ部（照射光量：大）、Ｂ部（照射光量：中）、Ｃ部（照射光量:小））が得られるようにしている。この場合、画像処理によって検出されたビード長手方向１３での輝度変化が最大となる位置は、Ａ部とＢ部の境界であった。 In this example, as shown in the captured image of FIG. 1, the measurement region including the bead cutting portion 11 of the ERW steel pipe 10 moving in the bead longitudinal direction 13 is different from the measurement region in the bead longitudinal direction 13. Area light was irradiated so as to be divided into luminance portions. That is, the illumination light intensity is varied to obtain three luminance parts (part A (irradiation light quantity: large), B part (irradiation light quantity: medium), and C part (irradiation light quantity: small)). ing. In this case, the position where the luminance change in the bead longitudinal direction 13 detected by the image processing is maximum is the boundary between the A part and the B part.
得られた画像の画像処理は、Ａ部とＢ部の境界を含む領域Ｄについて行なう。そして、得られた画像を画像処理する際に、ビード幅方向に所定の間隔をあけて、長手方向輝度変化測定位置２０（以下、単に輝度変化測定位置２０という）を配列させて設定し、それぞれの輝度変化測定位置２０について、ビード長手方向１３の輝度変化の最大値を求める。図２（ａ）は、溶接ビード切削部である２０ａ位置における長手方向輝度分布を示すグラフであり、図２（ｂ）は非切削部である２０ｂ位置における長手方向輝度分布を示すグラフである。図２に示した２０ａおよび２０ｂ位置における長手方向輝度分布から、それぞれの位置２０ａ、２０ｂにおける輝度変化の長手方向分布は、図３（ａ）および図３（ｂ）に示すグラフのようになる。図３（ａ）に示すように、溶接ビード切削部では、輝度の異なる二領域の境界において輝度変化は大きい値を示す。そして、ビード切削部においては、輝度領域Ａ部とＢ部の境界において輝度変化の最大値が出現している。一方、非切削部では、図３（ｂ）に示すように、輝度領域の境界において明瞭な輝度変化は生じず、また輝度変化の最大値はビード切削部に比べても小さい。 Image processing of the obtained image is performed for a region D including the boundary between the A part and the B part. When image processing is performed on the obtained image, longitudinal brightness change measurement positions 20 (hereinafter simply referred to as brightness change measurement positions 20) are arranged and set at predetermined intervals in the bead width direction. For the luminance change measurement position 20, the maximum value of the luminance change in the bead longitudinal direction 13 is obtained. FIG. 2A is a graph showing a longitudinal luminance distribution at a position 20a which is a weld bead cutting portion, and FIG. 2B is a graph showing a longitudinal luminance distribution at a position 20b which is a non-cutting portion. From the longitudinal luminance distribution at the positions 20a and 20b shown in FIG. 2, the longitudinal distribution of the luminance change at the respective positions 20a and 20b is as shown in the graphs of FIG. 3 (a) and FIG. 3 (b). As shown to Fig.3 (a), in a weld bead cutting part, a brightness | luminance change shows a large value in the boundary of two area | regions where brightness | luminances differ. In the bead cutting portion, the maximum value of the luminance change appears at the boundary between the luminance regions A and B. On the other hand, in the non-cut portion, as shown in FIG. 3B, a clear luminance change does not occur at the boundary of the luminance region, and the maximum value of the luminance change is smaller than that of the bead cutting portion.
図４は、長手方向の輝度変化の最大値を、設定した各輝度変化測定位置２０それぞれについて求め、この最大値をビード幅方向の分布としてグラフ化したものである。このグラフからもわかるように、ビード切削部に相当する領域において、輝度変化の最大値が大きい値を示す。したがって、この図４に示すように、ビード長手方向の輝度変化の最大値のビード幅方向分布が出せるので、これからビード切削幅を求めることが可能となる。図４におけるｘ１の位置が図１におけるビード切削部左側端部３０に相当し、図４におけるｘ２の位置が図１におけるビード切削部右側端部３１に相当する。ビード切削幅を求めるにあたっては、具体的には、ビード切削部に対応する部分は、非切削部に対応する部分に比較して、ビード長手方向の輝度変化の最大値が大きくなるので、ビード切削部に対応する部分と非切削部に対応する部分と区別するための閾値を設けておき、この閾値よりも輝度変化の最大値が大きい（あるいは閾値以上である）幅方向位置をビード切削部とし、このビード切削部の幅を演算することにより、ビード切削幅を求めることができる。 FIG. 4 is a graph in which the maximum value of luminance change in the longitudinal direction is obtained for each set luminance change measurement position 20 and this maximum value is graphed as a distribution in the bead width direction. As can be seen from this graph, the maximum value of the luminance change is large in the region corresponding to the bead cutting portion. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, the bead width direction distribution of the maximum value of the luminance change in the bead longitudinal direction can be obtained, and the bead cutting width can be obtained from this. The position x1 in FIG. 4 corresponds to the bead cutting portion left end 30 in FIG. 1, and the position x2 in FIG. 4 corresponds to the bead cutting portion right end 31 in FIG. In determining the bead cutting width, specifically, the portion corresponding to the bead cutting portion has a larger maximum value of the luminance change in the longitudinal direction of the bead than the portion corresponding to the non-cutting portion. A threshold for distinguishing between a part corresponding to a part and a part corresponding to a non-cutting part is provided, and a position in the width direction where the maximum value of the luminance change is larger (or more than the threshold) than this threshold is defined as a bead cutting part. The bead cutting width can be obtained by calculating the width of the bead cutting portion.
以上の説明において、長手方向輝度変化測定位置２０はビード幅方向に所定の間隔をあけてビード幅方向に配列させるが、この間隔があまりに広いと、ビード切削部と非切削部との境界位置の特定精度が悪くなり、結果としてビード切削幅の測定精度も悪くなる。また、この間隔が狭すぎるとデータ処理の時間がかかる。したがって、この間隔はデータ処理能力とビード切削幅の測定精度とを勘案して適宜設定しておく。 In the above description, the longitudinal luminance change measurement positions 20 are arranged in the bead width direction with a predetermined interval in the bead width direction. If this interval is too wide, the boundary position between the bead cutting part and the non-cutting part The specific accuracy is deteriorated, and as a result, the measurement accuracy of the bead cutting width is also deteriorated. If this interval is too small, it takes time for data processing. Therefore, this interval is appropriately set in consideration of the data processing capability and the measurement accuracy of the bead cutting width.
なお、画像処理における信号処理乃至演算機能の詳細は、通常の技術の範囲内の事項で
あるので、詳しい説明は省略する。
Note that details of signal processing or calculation functions in image processing are matters within the scope of ordinary technology, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted.
電縫鋼管の溶接ビード切削幅測定に本発明を適用し、従来と比較した。
なお、本発明例においては、照射光（エリア光）による測定領域が、ビード長さ方向で三輝度領域となるように、反射板を用いて直射光と正反射光との重畳入射域Ａ部（高輝度領域）、直射光と乱反射光との重畳入射域Ｂ部（中輝度領域）、直射光のみの入射域Ｃ部（低輝度領域）を形成させた。図５は、本発明例で用いたビード幅測定装置を示す模式図であり、（ａ）は側面断面図、（ｂ）は正面断面図を示す。このビード幅測定装置は、電縫鋼管１０のビード切削部１１を含む測定領域にエリア光を照射する照明器１を１つの筐体２に内蔵し、筐体２の光射出口部２Ａに、照明器１から発した光の一部を反射させて該反射した中の正反射光を測定領域のビード移動方向１２の三輝度領域の一端側の一部であるＡ部に入射させ、前記反射した中の乱反射光を三輝度領域の中央側の一部であるＢ部に入射させ、前記三輝度領域の他端側の一部であるC部には前記正反射光及び乱反射光を入射させない反射面４Ａを有するフード４を配設したものである。そして、筐体２には、測定領域を撮影するカメラ３が内蔵されており、このカメラ３からの撮影画像データを、図示しない画像処理装置に伝送するようにしてある。画像処理装置では、伝送された撮影画像データから、直射光と正反射光との重畳入射域Ａ部と、直射光と乱反射光との重畳入射域Ｂ部（中輝度領域）との境界を含む領域を画像処理領域として設定し（図１中の領域D）、上述した方法に従ってビード長手方向での輝度変化の最大値のビード幅方向分布からビード切削幅を求めた。
The present invention was applied to the measurement of the weld bead cutting width of ERW steel pipe and compared with the conventional one.
In the example of the present invention, the overlapping incident area A portion of the direct light and the specularly reflected light using the reflector so that the measurement area by the irradiation light (area light) becomes a three luminance area in the bead length direction. (High luminance region), a superimposed incident region B portion (medium luminance region) of direct light and irregularly reflected light, and an incident region C portion (low luminance region) of only direct light were formed. 5A and 5B are schematic views showing the bead width measuring device used in the example of the present invention. FIG. 5A is a side cross-sectional view, and FIG. 5B is a front cross-sectional view. This bead width measuring device incorporates an illuminator 1 that irradiates area light into a measurement region including a bead cutting portion 11 of an electric resistance steel pipe 10 in one housing 2, and a light exit port 2 A of the housing 2 A part of the light emitted from the illuminator 1 is reflected, and the specularly reflected light in the reflected light is incident on part A which is a part of one end side of the three luminance areas in the bead moving direction 12 of the measurement area, and the reflection The irregularly reflected light is made incident on part B which is a part on the center side of the three luminance areas, and the regular reflected light and irregularly reflected light are not made incident on part C which is a part on the other end side of the three luminance areas. A hood 4 having a reflective surface 4A is provided. The housing 2 incorporates a camera 3 that captures the measurement area, and the captured image data from the camera 3 is transmitted to an image processing device (not shown). The image processing apparatus includes a boundary between the superimposed incident area A part of direct light and specularly reflected light and the superimposed incident area B part (medium luminance area) of direct light and irregularly reflected light from the transmitted captured image data. The region was set as an image processing region (region D in FIG. 1), and the bead cutting width was obtained from the bead width direction distribution of the maximum value of the luminance change in the bead longitudinal direction according to the method described above.
また、従来例としては、図５の本発明例で用いたビード幅測定装置に対して、フード４が設置されていないビード幅測定装置を用いて、測定領域を直射光のみの入射域のみ（一輝度領域）とし、この一輝度領域の撮影画像を用いて、ビード切削部を含む領域についてビード幅方向の輝度分布を求め、この輝度分布からビード切削部の位置を同定することで、ビード切削幅を求めた。 Further, as a conventional example, a bead width measuring device in which the hood 4 is not installed is used for the bead width measuring device used in the example of the present invention in FIG. 1 brightness area), and using the captured image of this brightness area, the brightness distribution in the bead width direction is obtained for the area including the bead cutting part, and the position of the bead cutting part is identified from this brightness distribution, thereby bead cutting. The width was determined.
その結果、従来では約２０分間の連続測定において、測定値の半数近くが異常と判定され、実際はそんなに異常値が多いはずはないので、測定の信頼性が不十分であった。尚、この測定異常の検出方法は、過去に蓄積された目視測定による実績データの範囲外に測定値が入ったことをもって測定異常であると判定する方法である。これに対し、本発明例では、約２０分間の連続測定において、測定異常が９５％以上排除（測定値全数の５％未満まで低減）でき、測定の信頼性が向上した。 As a result, in the past, in about 20 minutes of continuous measurement, nearly half of the measured values were determined to be abnormal, and in reality there were not so many abnormal values, so the measurement reliability was insufficient. Note that this measurement abnormality detection method is a method in which a measurement value is determined to be a measurement abnormality when the measured value is out of the range of the actual data obtained by visual measurement accumulated in the past. On the other hand, in the example of the present invention, the measurement abnormality was eliminated by 95% or more (reduced to less than 5% of the total number of measurement values) in the continuous measurement for about 20 minutes, and the measurement reliability was improved.
１ 照明器
２ 筐体
３ カメラ
４ フード
４Ａ 反射面
１０ 電縫鋼管
１１ ビード切削部（溶接ビード切削部）
１２ 移動
１３ ビード長手方向
２０ 長手方向輝度変化測定位置
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Illuminator 2 Case 3 Camera 4 Hood 4A Reflective surface 10 ERW steel pipe 11 Bead cutting part (weld bead cutting part)
12 Movement 13 Bead longitudinal direction 20 Longitudinal brightness change measurement position
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