JP5510040B2 - Optical resolution to obtain optically active (R) -1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine - Google Patents

Optical resolution to obtain optically active (R) -1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine Download PDF

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JP5510040B2
JP5510040B2 JP2010104451A JP2010104451A JP5510040B2 JP 5510040 B2 JP5510040 B2 JP 5510040B2 JP 2010104451 A JP2010104451 A JP 2010104451A JP 2010104451 A JP2010104451 A JP 2010104451A JP 5510040 B2 JP5510040 B2 JP 5510040B2
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ethylamine
fluorophenyl
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章央 石井
浩司 植田
美杉 加藤
学 安本
隆史 大塚
英之 鶴田
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Central Glass Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は、光学活性(R)−1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンを得る光学分割に関する。   The present invention relates to an optical resolution for obtaining optically active (R) -1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine.

光学活性(R)−1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンは、医農薬中間体として重要である。本発明に関連する従来技術として、分割剤にA(非特許文献1)、B(非特許文献2)、C(特許文献1)、D(非特許文献3)、E(非特許文献4)、F(非特許文献5)またはG(非特許文献6)を用いて、光学活性1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンを得る光学分割が報告されている(図1を参照)。   Optically active (R) -1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine is important as a pharmaceutical and agrochemical intermediate. As a conventional technique related to the present invention, A (Non-patent document 1), B (Non-patent document 2), C (Patent document 1), D (Non-patent document 3), E (Non-patent document 4) are used as resolving agents. , F (Non-Patent Document 5) or G (Non-Patent Document 6) has been reported as an optical resolution to obtain optically active 1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine (see FIG. 1).

中国公開第1760176号公報Chinese Publication No. 1760176

Crystal Growth&Design(米国),2010年,第10巻,p.685−690Crystal Growth & Design (USA), 2010, Vol. 10, p. 685-690 Tetrahedron:Asymmetry(オランダ),2006年,第17巻,p.1617−1621Tetrahedron: Asymmetry (Netherlands), 2006, Vol. 17, p. 1617-1621 Tetrahedron:Asymmetry(オランダ),2006年,第17巻,p.967−974Tetrahedron: Asymmetry (Netherlands), 2006, Vol. 17, p. 967-974 J.Org.Chem.(米国),2006年,第71巻,p.606−615J. et al. Org. Chem. (USA), 2006, 71, p. 606-615 Tetrahedron:Asymmetry(オランダ),2004年,第15巻,p.585−587Tetrahedron: Asymmetry (Netherlands), 2004, Vol. 15, p. 585-587 Tetrahedron(英国),2000年,第56巻,p.6651−6655Tetrahedron (UK), 2000, 56, p. 6651-6655

Figure 0005510040
Figure 0005510040

本発明の目的は、光学活性(R)−1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンを得る工業的な光学分割を提供することにある。   An object of the present invention is to provide an industrial optical resolution for obtaining optically active (R) -1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine.

工業的な光学分割では、分割剤の入手容易性が問題となる。従来の分割剤は、Cを除いて全て(A、BおよびDからG)が煩雑な合成を必要とするため、工業的な光学分割には採用し難いものであった。一方、Cは天然型L−(+)−酒石酸であり、安価に大量規模で入手できるため、光学活性(S)−1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンを得る光学分割を工業的に実施することができた。しかしながら、絶対配置が逆の光学活性(R)−1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンを得るには、格段に高価な非天然型D−(−)−酒石酸を用いる必要があり、工業的に光学分割を実施することができなかった。   In industrial optical resolution, the availability of a resolving agent is a problem. Conventional resolution agents (except for C) (A, B, and D to G) all require complicated synthesis, and thus are difficult to employ for industrial optical resolution. On the other hand, C is natural L-(+)-tartaric acid, and since it can be obtained on a large scale at low cost, optical resolution for obtaining optically active (S) -1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine is industrially carried out. I was able to. However, in order to obtain an optically active (R) -1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine having an opposite absolute configuration, it is necessary to use a very expensive non-natural D-(-)-tartaric acid, which is industrially Optical resolution could not be performed.

この様に、光学活性(R)−1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンを得る工業的な光学分割が実施できる好適な分割剤が強く望まれていた。   Thus, a suitable resolving agent capable of carrying out industrial optical resolution to obtain optically active (R) -1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine has been strongly desired.

本発明者らは、上記の課題を踏まえて鋭意検討した結果、分割剤に天然型L−(−)−リンゴ酸を用いて光学分割することにより、光学活性(R)−1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンが得られることを見出した。さらに、分割剤に天然型L−(+)−酒石酸を用いて光学活性(S)−1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンを得る光学分割と組み合わせることにより、光学活性(R)−1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンの分割効率が改善できることも見出した。例えば、スキーム1で示す様に、1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンのラセミ体を天然型L−(−)−リンゴ酸を用いて光学分割すると、所望の光学活性(R)−1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンと天然型L−(−)−リンゴ酸からなる塩と母液−1が回収される(光学分割−1)。母液−1にはS体が過剰に含まれるため、もはやR体を効率良く回収することができない。そこで、母液−1(遊離塩基)を天然型L−(+)−酒石酸を用いて光学分割することにより、R体が過剰に含まれる母液−2を回収することができる(光学分割−2)。よって、母液−2(遊離塩基)に対して光学分割−1を繰り返すことにより、光学活性(R)−1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンを効率良く回収することができる。また、本発明の光学分割において鍵ジアステレオマー塩となる、光学活性(R)−1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンと天然型L−(−)−リンゴ酸からなる塩を新規化合物として見出した。   As a result of intensive studies based on the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have optically resolved (R) -1- (4-) by optical resolution using natural L-(-)-malic acid as a resolving agent. It has been found that fluorophenyl) ethylamine is obtained. Furthermore, by combining with optical resolution to obtain optically active (S) -1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine using natural L-(+)-tartaric acid as a resolving agent, optically active (R) -1- ( It has also been found that the resolution efficiency of 4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine can be improved. For example, as shown in Scheme 1, when the racemate of 1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine is optically resolved using natural L-(-)-malic acid, the desired optical activity (R) -1- ( A salt composed of 4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine and natural L-(-)-malic acid and mother liquor-1 are recovered (optical resolution-1). Since the mother liquid-1 contains an excessively S form, the R form can no longer be recovered efficiently. Therefore, mother liquor-2 (free base) can be recovered optically using natural L-(+)-tartaric acid to recover mother liquor-2 containing an excess of R form (optical resolution-2). . Therefore, optically active (R) -1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine can be efficiently recovered by repeating optical resolution-1 for mother liquor-2 (free base). In addition, a salt composed of optically active (R) -1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine and natural L-(-)-malic acid, which becomes a key diastereomeric salt in the optical resolution of the present invention, is found as a novel compound. It was.

この様に、光学活性(R)−1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンを得る有用な光学分割を見出し、本発明に到達した。

Figure 0005510040
Thus, a useful optical resolution for obtaining optically active (R) -1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine was found and the present invention was reached.
Figure 0005510040

すなわち、本発明は[発明1]から[発明3]を含み、光学活性(R)−1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンを得る工業的な光学分割を提供する。   That is, the present invention includes [Invention 1] to [Invention 3] and provides an industrial optical resolution for obtaining optically active (R) -1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine.

[発明1]
分割剤に天然型L−(−)−リンゴ酸を用いて、式[1]

Figure 0005510040
[Invention 1]
Using natural L-(-)-malic acid as the resolving agent, the formula [1]
Figure 0005510040

で示される光学活性(R)−1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンを得る光学分割の方法。 An optical resolution method for obtaining an optically active (R) -1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine represented by formula (1).

[式中、Meはメチル基を表す]
[発明2]
分割剤に天然型L−(+)−酒石酸を用いて、式[2]

Figure 0005510040
[Wherein Me represents a methyl group]
[Invention 2]
Using natural L-(+)-tartaric acid as the resolving agent, the formula [2]
Figure 0005510040

で示される光学活性(S)−1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンを得る光学分割の方法を更に含む、発明1に記載の方法。 The method according to invention 1, further comprising a method of optical resolution to obtain an optically active (S) -1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine represented by the formula:

[式中、Meはメチル基を表す]
[発明3]
式[3]

Figure 0005510040
[Wherein Me represents a methyl group]
[Invention 3]
Formula [3]
Figure 0005510040

で示される光学活性(R)−1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンと天然型L−(−)−リンゴ酸からなる塩。 A salt comprising optically active (R) -1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine and natural L-(−)-malic acid represented by the formula:

[式中、Meはメチル基を表す] [Wherein Me represents a methyl group]

本発明が従来技術に比べて有利な点を以下に述べる。   The advantages of the present invention over the prior art will be described below.

本発明の光学分割で用いる分割剤は、安価に大量規模で入手できる天然型L−(−)−リンゴ酸のため、光学活性(R)−1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンを得る光学分割を工業的に実施することができる。さらに、天然型L−(+)−酒石酸を用いて光学活性(S)−1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンを得る光学分割と組み合わせることにより、分割効率を改善することができる。また、本発明の光学分割における鍵ジアステレオマー塩を新規化合物として提供する。   Since the resolving agent used in the optical resolution of the present invention is natural L-(-)-malic acid that can be obtained on a large scale at low cost, optical resolution to obtain optically active (R) -1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine Can be carried out industrially. Furthermore, resolution efficiency can be improved by combining with optical resolution to obtain optically active (S) -1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine using natural L-(+)-tartaric acid. Moreover, the key diastereomeric salt in the optical resolution of the present invention is provided as a novel compound.

この様に、光学活性(R)−1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンを得る光学分割における従来技術の問題点を解決することができる。   Thus, the problems of the prior art in optical resolution for obtaining optically active (R) -1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine can be solved.

本発明の光学活性(R)−1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンを得る光学分割について詳細に説明する。   The optical resolution for obtaining the optically active (R) -1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine of the present invention will be described in detail.

式[1]、式[2]または式[3]で示される光学活性1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンまたは該構造部位のMeは、メチル基を表す。   Optically active 1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine represented by formula [1], formula [2] or formula [3] or Me of the structural site represents a methyl group.

光学分割に供する1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンは、ラセミ体または、R体もしくはS体が過剰に含まれるものである。「過剰」の程度は、特に制限はないが、通常は60%ee(エナンチオマー過剰率)以下であり、50%ee以下が好ましく、40%ee以下が特に好ましい。ラセミ体は、特許文献1、参考例1等を参考にして同様に製造することができる。R体またはS体が過剰に含まれるものは、特開2002−255908号公報等を参考にして同様に製造することができる。光学分割で得られる不要な光学異性体(S体)は、ラセミ化[Tetrahedron(英国),1997年,第53巻,p.9417−9476等]や4’−フルオロアセトフェノンへの変換[Synlett(ドイツ),2008年,第18巻,p.2769−2772等]等を行い再利用することができる。   1- (4-Fluorophenyl) ethylamine to be subjected to optical resolution contains a racemate or an excess of R or S form. The degree of “excess” is not particularly limited, but is usually 60% ee (enantiomeric excess) or less, preferably 50% ee or less, and particularly preferably 40% ee or less. The racemate can be produced in the same manner with reference to Patent Document 1, Reference Example 1 and the like. Those containing an excessive amount of R-form or S-form can be produced in the same manner with reference to JP-A No. 2002-255908. The unnecessary optical isomer (S form) obtained by optical resolution is racemized [Tetrahedron (UK), 1997, Vol. 53, p. 9417-9476 etc.] and conversion to 4'-fluoroacetophenone [Synlett (Germany), 2008, Vol. 18, p. 2769-2722, etc.] and the like can be reused.

天然型L−(−)−リンゴ酸の使用量は、光学分割に供する1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミン1モルに対して0.35モル以上を用いれば良く、0.40から1.50モルが好ましく、0.45から1.25モルが特に好ましい。   The amount of natural L-(-)-malic acid used may be 0.35 mol or more with respect to 1 mol of 1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine used for optical resolution, and 0.40 to 1.50. Moles are preferred, with 0.45 to 1.25 moles being particularly preferred.

天然型L−(+)−酒石酸の使用量は、光学分割に供する1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミン1モルに対して0.35モル以上を用いれば良く、0.40から1.50モルが好ましく、0.45から1.25モルが特に好ましい。   The amount of natural L-(+)-tartaric acid used may be 0.35 mol or more per mol of 1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine used for optical resolution, and 0.40 to 1.50 mol. Is preferred, with 0.45 to 1.25 mol being particularly preferred.

分割剤に天然型L−(−)−リンゴ酸と天然型L−(+)−酒石酸を組み合わせて用いる場合(発明2)は、光学分割に供する1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンの立体化学(ラセミ体または、R体もしくはS体が過剰に含まれるもの)に制限はないが、R体が過剰に含まれるものに対しては、天然型L−(−)−リンゴ酸を用いて光学分割を行うのが好ましく、逆にS体が過剰に含まれるものに対しては、天然型L−(+)−酒石酸を用いて光学分割を行うのが好ましい。ラセミ体に対しては、スキーム1とは逆に、先に天然型L−(+)−酒石酸を用いて光学分割を行うこともできる。この場合には、R体が過剰に含まれる母液を回収することができ、引き続いて行う天然型L−(−)−リンゴ酸を用いる光学分割の分割効率を格段に改善することができる。   When natural L-(-)-malic acid and natural L-(+)-tartaric acid are used in combination as the resolving agent (Invention 2), the stereochemistry of 1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine subjected to optical resolution Although there is no restriction | limiting in (a racemic body or the thing which contains R body or S body excessively), it is optical using natural type L-(-)-malic acid with respect to what contains R body excessively. It is preferable to carry out resolution, and conversely, for those containing an excessive amount of S-form, it is preferred to carry out optical resolution using natural L-(+)-tartaric acid. For the racemate, contrary to scheme 1, optical resolution can be performed using natural L-(+)-tartaric acid first. In this case, it is possible to recover the mother liquor in which the R isomer is excessively contained, and the resolution efficiency of the subsequent optical resolution using natural L-(−)-malic acid can be significantly improved.

光学分割の具体的な操作としては、有機合成における一般的な方法を採用することができる。具体的には、天然型L−(−)−リンゴ酸または天然型L−(+)−酒石酸とのジアステレオマー塩[1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンはR体とS体の混合物]を調製し、引き続いて該ジアステレオマー塩を再結晶精製する。再結晶精製には遊離塩基の回収工程も含まれ、該工程の方法についても後述する。   As a specific operation of the optical resolution, a general method in organic synthesis can be employed. Specifically, diastereomeric salt with natural L-(-)-malic acid or natural L-(+)-tartaric acid [1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine is a mixture of R and S forms] Followed by recrystallization purification of the diastereomeric salt. The recrystallization purification includes a free base recovery step, and the method of this step will also be described later.

ジアステレオマー塩の調製方法は、特に制限はないが、通常は調製溶媒に光学分割に供する1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンと、天然型L−(−)−リンゴ酸または天然型L−(+)−酒石酸を加え(当然、予め調製溶媒に別々に溶解した両化合物の溶液を混合することもできる)、加熱溶解し、調製溶媒を減圧濃縮することにより、ジアステレオマー塩(R体とS体の混合物)を得ることができる。好ましい態様として、該ジアステレオマー塩を単離することなく、調製時の加熱溶解液を直接、再結晶精製することもできる。ジアステレオマー塩の再結晶精製の方法は、特に制限はないが、通常は再結晶溶媒にジアステレオマー塩を加熱溶解し、徐々に室温まで降温し、必要に応じて氷冷下で熟成し、析出した結晶を濾過し、少量の再結晶溶媒で洗浄し、真空乾燥することにより、光学分割された(光学純度の高い)ジアステレオマー塩(R体またはS体)を得ることができる。再結晶精製を繰り返すことにより光学純度の更に高いジアステレオマー塩を得ることができる。   The method for preparing the diastereomeric salt is not particularly limited, but usually 1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine subjected to optical resolution and natural L-(−)-malic acid or natural L- (+)-Tartaric acid is added (of course, a solution of both compounds dissolved in advance in the preparation solvent can be mixed), dissolved by heating, and the preparation solvent is concentrated under reduced pressure to give a diastereomeric salt (R-form). And a mixture of S isomers). As a preferred embodiment, the heated solution at the time of preparation can be directly recrystallized and purified without isolating the diastereomeric salt. The method for recrystallizing and purifying the diastereomeric salt is not particularly limited. Usually, the diastereomeric salt is dissolved by heating in a recrystallization solvent, gradually cooled to room temperature, and aged under ice cooling as necessary. The precipitated crystals are filtered, washed with a small amount of a recrystallization solvent, and vacuum-dried to obtain an optically resolved (high optical purity) diastereomeric salt (R-form or S-form). By repeating recrystallization purification, a diastereomeric salt with higher optical purity can be obtained.

ジアステレオマー塩の調製溶媒または再結晶溶媒としては、メタノール、エタノール、n−プロパノール、イソプロパノール、n−ブタノール、n−ペンタノール等のアルコール系、水等が挙げられる。その中でもメタノール、エタノール、n−プロパノール、イソプロパノールおよび水が好ましく、メタノール、エタノールおよび水が特に好ましい。これらの溶媒は単独または組み合わせて用いることができる。   Examples of the preparation solvent or recrystallization solvent for the diastereomeric salt include alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, and n-pentanol, and water. Among these, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol and water are preferable, and methanol, ethanol and water are particularly preferable. These solvents can be used alone or in combination.

ジアステレオマー塩の調製溶媒または再結晶溶媒の使用量は、光学分割に供する1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミン1モルに対して0.1L以上を用いれば良く、0.2から10Lが好ましく、0.3から5Lが特に好ましい。   The amount of the diastereomer salt preparation solvent or recrystallization solvent used may be 0.1 L or more, preferably 0.2 to 10 L, relative to 1 mol of 1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine used for optical resolution. 0.3 to 5 L is particularly preferable.

ジアステレオマー塩の調製または再結晶精製の(全操作工程を通しての)温度条件は、−30から+150℃の範囲で行えば良く、−20から+140℃が好ましく、−10から+130℃が特に好ましい。   The temperature conditions (through all operation steps) for preparing the diastereomeric salt or recrystallizing may be in the range of −30 to + 150 ° C., preferably −20 to + 140 ° C., particularly preferably −10 to + 130 ° C. .

再結晶精製における結晶の析出方法は、特に制限はないが、通常は攪拌しながら行うのが好ましい。また、種結晶を加えることにより、結晶が円滑に且つ効率良く析出する場合がある。   The crystal precipitation method in the recrystallization purification is not particularly limited, but it is usually preferable to carry out with stirring. Moreover, by adding a seed crystal, the crystal may precipitate smoothly and efficiently.

種結晶を加える場合の該使用量は、光学分割に供する1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミン1モルに対して0.00001モル以上を用いれば良く、0.0001から0.1モルが好ましく、0.0002から0.05モルが特に好ましい。   The amount used in the case of adding a seed crystal may be 0.00001 mol or more, preferably 0.0001 to 0.1 mol, relative to 1 mol of 1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine used for optical resolution. 0.0002 to 0.05 mol is particularly preferred.

再結晶精製における結晶の析出時間は、特に制限はないが、通常は72時間以内であり、分割剤および精製条件により異なるため、ガスクロマトグラフィー、液体クロマトグラフィー、NMR等の分析手段により、上澄み液に残存する所望のジアステレオマー塩の量を追跡して結晶が殆ど析出した時点を終点とすることが好ましい。   The crystal precipitation time in the recrystallization purification is not particularly limited, but is usually within 72 hours, and varies depending on the resolving agent and the purification conditions. Therefore, the supernatant liquid can be obtained by analysis means such as gas chromatography, liquid chromatography, and NMR. It is preferable to trace the amount of the desired diastereomeric salt remaining in and to make the end point when the crystal is almost precipitated.

再結晶精製後のジアステレオマー塩(R体またはS体)から光学活性(R)−または(S)−1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミン(遊離塩基)を回収する方法は、特に制限はないが、通常は水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム等の無機塩基の水溶液で中和し、トルエン、酢酸エチル、塩化メチレン等の有機溶媒で抽出し、無水硫酸ナトリウム、無水硫酸マグネシウム等の乾燥剤で乾燥し、減圧濃縮することにより、光学純度を損なうことなく、目的とする光学活性(R)−または(S)−1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンを収率良く回収することができる(中和抽出)。必要に応じて活性炭処理、蒸留、カラムクロマトグラフィー等の精製を行うことにより、更に純度の高いものを得ることができる。   The method for recovering optically active (R)-or (S) -1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine (free base) from the diastereomeric salt (R-form or S-form) after recrystallization purification is not particularly limited. However, it is usually neutralized with an aqueous solution of an inorganic base such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, extracted with an organic solvent such as toluene, ethyl acetate or methylene chloride, and then dried with a drying agent such as anhydrous sodium sulfate or anhydrous magnesium sulfate. By drying and concentrating under reduced pressure, the target optically active (R)-or (S) -1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine can be recovered in good yield without impairing optical purity (medium Sum extraction). If necessary, purification with activated carbon treatment, distillation, column chromatography, etc. can give a product with higher purity.

発明2の様に、分割剤を組み合わせて光学分割を繰り返し行う場合には、回収した母液の化学純度が低下する傾向がある。この様な場合は、母液から(上記の中和抽出により)回収した遊離塩基を必要に応じて蒸留精製することができる。当然、この蒸留精製は必須ではなく、光学分割を効率良く行うための好ましい態様の1つである。   When the optical resolution is repeated by combining a resolving agent as in Invention 2, the chemical purity of the recovered mother liquor tends to decrease. In such a case, the free base recovered from the mother liquor (by the above-described neutralization extraction) can be purified by distillation as necessary. Of course, this distillation purification is not essential, and is one of the preferred embodiments for efficiently performing optical resolution.

本発明で記載した「光学活性(R)−1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンと天然型L−(−)−リンゴ酸からなる塩」および「光学活性(S)−1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンと天然型L−(+)−酒石酸からなる塩」は、その構造式で示される化合物だけでなく、該化合物の溶媒和物または水和物も含まれるものとして扱う[実施例の「S体が過剰に含まれる1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンと天然型L−(−)−リンゴ酸からなる塩」および「R体が過剰に含まれる1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンと天然型L−(+)−酒石酸からなる塩」も同様に扱う]。   “Salts of optically active (R) -1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine and natural L-(−)-malic acid” and “optically active (S) -1- (4-fluoro) described in the present invention” “Salt composed of phenyl) ethylamine and natural L-(+)-tartaric acid” is treated not only as a compound represented by the structural formula but also as a solvate or hydrate of the compound [in the examples] “Salt composed of 1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine containing excessive S-form and natural L-(−)-malic acid” and “1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine containing excessive R-form” And the natural salt of L-(+)-tartaric acid ”is also treated similarly.

発明2(スキーム1を参照)を採用すると、光学活性(R)−1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンだけでなく、同時に光学活性(S)−1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンの分割効率も改善することができる。よって、請求項2は、分割剤に天然型L−(−)−リンゴ酸と天然型L−(+)−酒石酸を組み合わせて用いて光学活性(S)−1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンを得る光学分割も含まれるものとして扱う。   When Invention 2 (see Scheme 1) is employed, resolution efficiency of not only optically active (R) -1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine but also optically active (S) -1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine Can also be improved. Therefore, Claim 2 uses optically active (S) -1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine using a combination of natural L-(-)-malic acid and natural L-(+)-tartaric acid as a resolving agent. It is treated as including the optical division to obtain

[実施例]
実施例により本発明の実施の形態を具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。Meはメチル基を表す。
[Example]
Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. Me represents a methyl group.

[参考例1]
参考例1は、光学分割に供する1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンのラセミ体の製造に関する具体例である。
[Reference Example 1]
Reference Example 1 is a specific example relating to the production of a racemic 1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine to be subjected to optical resolution.

氷水(氷5.00kg、水1.00kg)に、ヒドロキシルアミン塩酸塩(HONH・HCl)815g(11.7mol、1.07eq)を加え、48%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液2.05kg(24.6mol、2.26eq)を10℃未満で加え、下記式

Figure 0005510040
To ice water (ice 5.00 kg, water 1.00 kg), 815 g (11.7 mol, 1.07 eq) of hydroxylamine hydrochloride (HONH 2 .HCl) was added, and 2.05 kg (24.6 mol) of 48% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added. , 2.26 eq) at less than 10 ° C.
Figure 0005510040

で示される4’−フルオロアセトフェノンのメタノール溶液[1.50kg(10.9mol、1.00eq)、溶媒使用量1.50L]を−5から+10℃で加え、室温で終夜攪拌した(懸濁状態)。変換率はガスクロマトグラフィーより100%であった。反応終了液に37%塩酸1.20kg(12.2mol、1.12eq)を氷冷下で加え(pH1)、トルエン4.00Lで抽出し、有機層を回収した。水層をトルエン4.00Lで再抽出し、回収有機層を合わせて部分的に減圧濃縮し、メタノール分を粗方取り除いた。残渣(トルエン溶液、pH4)を炭酸水素ナトリウムで中和し(pH7)、食塩水で洗浄した。回収トルエン層を減圧濃縮し、真空乾燥することにより、下記式

Figure 0005510040
4′-fluoroacetophenone methanol solution [1.50 kg (10.9 mol, 1.00 eq), solvent usage 1.50 L] was added at −5 to + 10 ° C. and stirred overnight at room temperature (suspension state) ). The conversion rate was 100% by gas chromatography. To the reaction solution, 37% hydrochloric acid 1.20 kg (12.2 mol, 1.12 eq) was added under ice-cooling (pH 1) and extracted with 4.00 L of toluene, and the organic layer was recovered. The aqueous layer was re-extracted with 4.00 L of toluene, and the collected organic layers were combined and partially concentrated under reduced pressure to remove methanol roughly. The residue (toluene solution, pH 4) was neutralized with sodium bicarbonate (pH 7) and washed with brine. By concentrating the recovered toluene layer under reduced pressure and vacuum drying,
Figure 0005510040

で示される4’−フルオロアセトフェノンのオキシムを1.62kg得た。収率は97%であった。 1.62 kg of an oxime of 4'-fluoroacetophenone represented by The yield was 97%.

メタノール300mLに、上記で得られた4’−フルオロアセトフェノンのオキシム100g(653mmol、1.00eq)、5%パラジウム炭5.56g(含水率50%、1.31mmol、0.00201eq)と7Mアンモニアメタノール溶液373mL(2.61mol、4.00eq)を加え、水素(H)圧を1.00MPaに設定し、20から30℃で終夜攪拌した。変換率はガスクロマトグラフィーより100%であった。反応終了液をセライト濾過し、濾洗液を減圧濃縮し、真空乾燥することにより、下記式

Figure 0005510040
To 300 mL of methanol, 100 g (653 mmol, 1.00 eq) of oxime of 4′-fluoroacetophenone obtained above, 5.56 g of 5% palladium on charcoal (water content 50%, 1.31 mmol, 0.00201 eq) and 7M ammonia methanol 373 mL (2.61 mol, 4.00 eq) of the solution was added, the hydrogen (H 2 ) pressure was set to 1.00 MPa, and the mixture was stirred at 20 to 30 ° C. overnight. The conversion rate was 100% by gas chromatography. The reaction-terminated liquid was filtered through Celite, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure and dried under vacuum to obtain the following formula.
Figure 0005510040

で示される1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンのラセミ体を89.1g得た。収率は98%であった。化学純度はガスクロマトグラフィーより99%であった。1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンのラセミ体のH−NMRおよび19F−NMRを下に示す。 As a result, 89.1 g of a racemic 1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine was obtained. The yield was 98%. The chemical purity was 99% by gas chromatography. The 1 H-NMR and 19 F-NMR of the racemic 1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine are shown below.

H−NMR[基準物質;(CHSi、重溶媒;CDCl]、δ ppm;1.36(3H)、1.47(2H)、4.12(1H)、7.00(2H)、7.31(2H)。 1 H-NMR [reference material; (CH 3 ) 4 Si, deuterated solvent; CDCl 3 ], δ ppm; 1.36 (3H), 1.47 (2H), 4.12 (1H), 7.00 ( 2H), 7.31 (2H).

19F−NMR(基準物質;C、重溶媒;CDCl)、δ ppm;+45.25(1F)。 19 F-NMR (reference material; C 6 F 6 , heavy solvent; CDCl 3 ), δ ppm; +45.25 (1F).

実施例1は、発明1と発明3に関する具体例である。   Example 1 is a specific example relating to Invention 1 and Invention 3.

メタノール40.0mL(1.33L/mol)に、参考例1を参考にして同様に製造した、下記式

Figure 0005510040
The following formula was prepared in the same manner with reference to Reference Example 1 in 40.0 mL of methanol (1.33 L / mol).
Figure 0005510040

で示される1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンのラセミ体4.18g(30.0mmol、1.00eq)と天然型L−(−)−リンゴ酸4.02g(30.0mmol、1.00eq)を加え、70℃で加熱溶解し、徐々に室温まで降温し、析出した結晶を濾過し、少量のメタノールで洗浄し、真空乾燥することにより、下記式

Figure 0005510040
4.18 g (30.0 mmol, 1.00 eq) of 1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine racemic compound and 4.02 g (30.0 mmol, 1.00 eq) of natural L-(-)-malic acid The solution is heated and dissolved at 70 ° C., gradually cooled to room temperature, the precipitated crystals are filtered, washed with a small amount of methanol, and vacuum dried to obtain the following formula:
Figure 0005510040

で示される光学活性(R)−1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンと天然型L−(−)−リンゴ酸からなる塩を3.58g得た(再結晶1回目品)。メタノール21.5mL(1.64L/mol)と水1.79mL(0.137L/mol)に、上記で得られた再結晶1回目品全量3.58g(13.1mmol)を加え、70℃で加熱溶解し、徐々に室温まで降温し、析出した結晶を濾過し、少量のメタノールで洗浄し、真空乾燥することにより、上記式で示される光学活性(R)−1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンと天然型L−(−)−リンゴ酸からなる塩を2.92g得た(再結晶2回目品)。光学純度はキラルガスクロマトグラフィー(遊離塩基をアセトアミド体へ誘導後)より98%eeであった。光学分割におけるR体のトータル回収率は71%であった。光学活性(R)−1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンと天然型L−(−)−リンゴ酸からなる塩のH−NMRおよび19F−NMRを下に示す。 3.58 g of a salt composed of optically active (R) -1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine and natural L-(−)-malic acid represented by the formula (1) was obtained. To 21.5 mL (1.64 L / mol) of methanol and 1.79 mL (0.137 L / mol) of water, 3.58 g (13.1 mmol) of the total amount of the first recrystallized product obtained above was added. The solution is heated and dissolved, gradually cooled to room temperature, the precipitated crystals are filtered, washed with a small amount of methanol, and vacuum-dried to give an optically active (R) -1- (4-fluorophenyl) represented by the above formula. 2.92 g of a salt composed of ethylamine and natural L-(-)-malic acid was obtained (second recrystallized product). The optical purity was 98% ee from chiral gas chromatography (after derivatizing the free base into the acetamide form). The total recovery rate of R body in the optical resolution was 71%. 1 H-NMR and 19 F-NMR of a salt composed of optically active (R) -1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine and natural L-(−)-malic acid are shown below.

H−NMR[基準物質;(CHSi、重溶媒;CDOD]、δ ppm;1.62(3H)、2.50(1H)、2.78(1H)、4.27(1H)、4.47(1H)、7.18(2H)、7.49(2H)/アミノ基、カルボキシル基およびヒドロキシル基のプロトンは帰属できず。 1 H-NMR [reference material; (CH 3 ) 4 Si, heavy solvent; CD 3 OD], δ ppm; 1.62 (3H), 2.50 (1H), 2.78 (1H), 4.27 (1H), 4.47 (1H), 7.18 (2H), 7.49 (2H) / protons of amino group, carboxyl group and hydroxyl group cannot be assigned.

19F−NMR(基準物質;C、重溶媒;CDOD)、δ ppm;+50.59(1F)。 19 F-NMR (reference material; C 6 F 6 , heavy solvent; CD 3 OD), δ ppm; +50.59 (1F).

氷6.56g、水4.92gと48%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液2.47g(29.6mmol、3.00eq)に、上記で得られた光学活性(R)−1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンと天然型L−(−)−リンゴ酸からなる塩の再結晶2回目品2.70g(9.88mmol、1.00eq)を加え(pH11)、トルエン9.84mLで抽出し、有機層を回収した。水層をトルエン4.92mLで再抽出し、回収有機層を合わせて無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、減圧濃縮し、クーゲルロールで蒸留することにより、下記式

Figure 0005510040
The optically active (R) -1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine obtained above was added to 6.56 g of ice, 4.92 g of water and 2.47 g (29.6 mmol, 3.00 eq) of 48% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. And recrystallization of a salt composed of natural L-(-)-malic acid 2.70 g (9.88 mmol, 1.00 eq) was added (pH 11), and extraction was performed with 9.84 mL of toluene, and the organic layer was recovered. did. The aqueous layer was re-extracted with 4.92 mL of toluene, and the collected organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, concentrated under reduced pressure, and distilled with Kugelrohr to obtain the following formula.
Figure 0005510040

で示される光学活性(R)−1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンを1.13g得た。回収率は82%であった。化学純度はガスクロマトグラフィーより99%であった。光学純度は中和抽出に供した再結晶2回目品と同等であった(光学純度の低下は認められなかった)。光学活性(R)−1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンのH−NMRおよび19F−NMRは参考例1のラセミ体と同等であった。 1.13 g of optically active (R) -1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine represented by the formula (1) was obtained. The recovery rate was 82%. The chemical purity was 99% by gas chromatography. The optical purity was equivalent to the second recrystallized product subjected to neutralization extraction (no decrease in optical purity was observed). 1 H-NMR and 19 F-NMR of optically active (R) -1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine were the same as the racemate of Reference Example 1.

実施例2は、発明2に関する具体例である。   Example 2 is a specific example related to Invention 2.

実施例1を参考にして同様に光学分割を行い、光学活性(R)−1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンと天然型L−(−)−リンゴ酸からなる塩(再結晶1回目品と再結晶2回目品)を得た時の母液(再結晶1回目母液と再結晶2回目母液)を合わせて減圧濃縮することにより、下記式

Figure 0005510040
The optical resolution was carried out in the same manner with reference to Example 1, and a salt comprising optically active (R) -1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine and natural L-(-)-malic acid (the first recrystallized product and The mother liquor (the first recrystallization mother liquor and the second recrystallization mother liquor) when the second recrystallized product) was combined and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain the following formula:
Figure 0005510040

で示されるS体が過剰に含まれる1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンと天然型L−(−)−リンゴ酸からなる塩を濃縮残渣として得た。上記で得られた母液の濃縮残渣全量[S体が過剰に含まれる1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンが19.3mmol含まれるものとする]に、氷12.8g、水9.61gと48%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液4.83g(58.0mmol、3.01eq)を加え(pH11)、トルエン19.2mLで抽出し、有機層を回収した。水層をトルエン9.61mLで再抽出し、回収有機層を合わせて無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、減圧濃縮し、クーゲルロールで蒸留することにより、下記式

Figure 0005510040
A salt composed of 1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine and natural L-(-)-malic acid containing an excessive amount of S-form was obtained as a concentrated residue. The total concentration of the mother liquor obtained above [suppose that 19.3 mmol of 1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine containing an excessive amount of S-form] is contained in 12.8 g of ice, 9.61 g of water and 48 A 4.83 g (58.0 mmol, 3.01 eq) aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added (pH 11), and the mixture was extracted with 19.2 mL of toluene, and the organic layer was recovered. The aqueous layer was re-extracted with 9.61 mL of toluene, and the collected organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, concentrated under reduced pressure, and distilled with Kugelrohr to obtain the following formula.
Figure 0005510040

で示されるS体が過剰に含まれる1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンを1.75g得た。推定含有量(19.3mmol)に対する回収率は65%であった。化学純度はガスクロマトグラフィーより99%であった。光学純度はキラルガスクロマトグラフィー(遊離塩基をアセトアミド体へ誘導後)より54%eeであった。 As a result, 1.75 g of 1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine containing an excessive amount of S-form was obtained. The recovery rate with respect to the estimated content (19.3 mmol) was 65%. The chemical purity was 99% by gas chromatography. The optical purity was 54% ee from chiral gas chromatography (after derivatizing the free base to the acetamide form).

メタノール14.6mL(1.16L/mol)と水3.64mL(0.289L/mol)に、上記で得られたS体が過剰に含まれる1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミン全量1.75g(12.6mmol、1.00eq)と天然型L−(+)−酒石酸1.89g(12.6mmol、1.00eq)を加え、70℃で加熱溶解し、徐々に室温まで降温し、氷冷下で熟成し、析出した結晶を濾過し、少量のメタノールで洗浄し、真空乾燥することにより、下記式

Figure 0005510040
The total amount of 1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine 1.75 g in which S form obtained above is excessively contained in 14.6 mL (1.16 L / mol) of methanol and 3.64 mL (0.289 L / mol) of water. (12.6 mmol, 1.00 eq) and 1.89 g (12.6 mmol, 1.00 eq) of natural L-(+)-tartaric acid were added, dissolved by heating at 70 ° C., gradually cooled to room temperature, ice-cooled Aged under, the precipitated crystals are filtered, washed with a small amount of methanol, and dried under vacuum to obtain the following formula:
Figure 0005510040

で示される光学活性(S)−1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンと天然型L−(+)−酒石酸からなる塩を2.45g得た。光学純度はキラルガスクロマトグラフィー(遊離塩基をアセトアミド体へ誘導後)より97%eeであった。光学分割におけるS体の回収率は86%であった。 2.45 g of a salt consisting of optically active (S) -1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine and natural L-(+)-tartaric acid represented by The optical purity was 97% ee from chiral gas chromatography (after derivatizing the free base into the acetamide form). The recovery rate of S body in the optical resolution was 86%.

上記の光学活性(S)−1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンと天然型L−(+)−酒石酸からなる塩を得た時の母液を減圧濃縮することにより、下記式

Figure 0005510040
By concentrating the mother liquor when the salt comprising the above optically active (S) -1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine and natural L-(+)-tartaric acid was obtained,
Figure 0005510040

で示されるR体が過剰に含まれる1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンと天然型L−(+)−酒石酸からなる塩を濃縮残渣として得た。上記で得られた母液の濃縮残渣全量[R体が過剰に含まれる1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンが4.13mmol含まれるものとする]に、氷2.74g、水2.06gと48%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液1.03g(12.4mmol、3.00eq)を加え(pH11)、トルエン4.11mLで抽出し、有機層を回収した。水層をトルエン2.06mLで再抽出し、回収有機層を合わせて無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、減圧濃縮し、クーゲルロールで蒸留することにより、下記式

Figure 0005510040
A salt composed of 1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine and natural L-(+)-tartaric acid containing an excessive amount of the R-form was obtained as a concentrated residue. The total concentration of the mother liquor obtained above (assuming that 4.13 mmol of 1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine containing an excess of R form is included) is 2.74 g of ice, 2.06 g of water and 48. A 1.03 g (12.4 mmol, 3.00 eq) aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added (pH 11), and the mixture was extracted with 4.11 mL of toluene, and the organic layer was recovered. The aqueous layer was re-extracted with 2.06 mL of toluene, and the collected organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, concentrated under reduced pressure, and distilled with Kugelrohr to obtain the following formula.
Figure 0005510040

で示されるR体が過剰に含まれる1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンを0.397g得た。推定含有量(4.13mmol)に対する回収率は69%であった。化学純度はガスクロマトグラフィーより99%であった。光学純度はキラルガスクロマトグラフィー(遊離塩基をアセトアミド体へ誘導後)より34%eeであった。 As a result, 0.397 g of 1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine containing an excessive amount of the R form was obtained. The recovery rate with respect to the estimated content (4.13 mmol) was 69%. The chemical purity was 99% by gas chromatography. The optical purity was 34% ee from chiral gas chromatography (after derivatizing the free base to the acetamide form).

この様に、スキーム1における母液−2(R体過剰)の遊離塩基を回収することができた。該遊離塩基を用いて光学分割−1を繰り返すことにより、光学活性(R)−1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンを効率良く回収することができる。   In this way, the free base of mother liquor-2 (R-form excess) in Scheme 1 could be recovered. By repeating optical resolution-1 using the free base, optically active (R) -1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine can be efficiently recovered.

本発明で対象とする光学活性(R)−1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンは、医農薬中間体として重要である。   The optically active (R) -1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine targeted in the present invention is important as a pharmaceutical and agrochemical intermediate.

Claims (3)

分割剤に天然型L−(−)−リンゴ酸を用いて、式[1]
Figure 0005510040
で示される光学活性(R)−1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンを得る光学分割の方法。
[式中、Meはメチル基を表す]
Using natural L-(-)-malic acid as the resolving agent, the formula [1]
Figure 0005510040
An optical resolution method for obtaining an optically active (R) -1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine represented by formula (1).
[Wherein Me represents a methyl group]
分割剤に天然型L−(+)−酒石酸を用いて、式[2]
Figure 0005510040
で示される光学活性(S)−1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンを得る光学分割の方法を更に含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
[式中、Meはメチル基を表す]
Using natural L-(+)-tartaric acid as the resolving agent, the formula [2]
Figure 0005510040
The method according to claim 1, further comprising a method of optical resolution to obtain an optically active (S) -1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine represented by:
[Wherein Me represents a methyl group]
式[3]
Figure 0005510040
で示される光学活性(R)−1−(4−フルオロフェニル)エチルアミンと天然型L−(−)−リンゴ酸からなる塩。
[式中、Meはメチル基を表す]
Formula [3]
Figure 0005510040
A salt comprising optically active (R) -1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine and natural L-(−)-malic acid represented by the formula:
[Wherein Me represents a methyl group]
JP2010104451A 2010-04-28 2010-04-28 Optical resolution to obtain optically active (R) -1- (4-fluorophenyl) ethylamine Expired - Fee Related JP5510040B2 (en)

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