JP5489507B2 - Multi-type air conditioner - Google Patents

Multi-type air conditioner Download PDF

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JP5489507B2
JP5489507B2 JP2009083370A JP2009083370A JP5489507B2 JP 5489507 B2 JP5489507 B2 JP 5489507B2 JP 2009083370 A JP2009083370 A JP 2009083370A JP 2009083370 A JP2009083370 A JP 2009083370A JP 5489507 B2 JP5489507 B2 JP 5489507B2
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electromagnetic
valve
outdoor unit
air conditioner
type air
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JP2010236727A (en
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達弘 安田
晋一 五十住
恵介 三苫
政司 前野
聡 渡辺
陽一 上藤
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Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
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Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
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Priority to JP2009083370A priority Critical patent/JP5489507B2/en
Priority to EP10758493.0A priority patent/EP2416090A4/en
Priority to PCT/JP2010/055063 priority patent/WO2010113719A1/en
Priority to CN201080002712.7A priority patent/CN102165272B/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/37—Capillary tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/385—Dispositions with two or more expansion means arranged in parallel on a refrigerant line leading to the same evaporator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/39—Dispositions with two or more expansion means arranged in series, i.e. multi-stage expansion, on a refrigerant line leading to the same evaporator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
    • F24F11/84—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/005—Outdoor unit expansion valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/006—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for two pipes connecting the outdoor side to the indoor side with multiple indoor units
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/023—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units
    • F25B2313/0233—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units in parallel arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/027—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means
    • F25B2313/02741—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means using one four-way valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/01—Geometry problems, e.g. for reducing size
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/06—Damage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2513—Expansion valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2519—On-off valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/19—Pressures
    • F25B2700/191—Pressures near an expansion valve

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Description

本発明は、マルチ型空気調和機に関し、より詳しくは、室外機と、この室外機の下方に設置された室内機との間に液冷媒のヘッド差が生じるマルチ型空気調和機に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a multi-type air conditioner, and more particularly to a multi-type air conditioner in which a head difference of liquid refrigerant occurs between an outdoor unit and an indoor unit installed below the outdoor unit. .

室外機と、この室外機の下方に設置された室内機との間に液冷媒のヘッド差が生じるマルチ型空気調和機としては、例えば、室内熱交換器の手前（入口）に電子膨張弁を配置したものが知られている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。   As a multi-type air conditioner in which a liquid refrigerant head difference occurs between an outdoor unit and an indoor unit installed below the outdoor unit, for example, an electronic expansion valve is provided in front (inlet) of the indoor heat exchanger. An arrangement is known (for example, see Patent Document 1).

特開２００８−１８５２９２号公報JP 2008-185292 A

しかしながら、このようなマルチ型空気調和機を高層ビル等に設置する場合には、室外機と室内機との高低差が１００ｍ近くになることがあり、このような場合、上記特許文献１に開示されたマルチ型空気調和機（冷凍装置）では、電子膨張弁に過大な液ヘッド圧（液冷媒のヘッド差による圧力）が作用し、電子膨張弁を開閉できなくなるおそれがある。   However, when such a multi-type air conditioner is installed in a high-rise building or the like, the height difference between the outdoor unit and the indoor unit may be close to 100 m. In such a case, it is disclosed in Patent Document 1 above. In the multi-type air conditioner (refrigeration apparatus), an excessive liquid head pressure (pressure due to a head difference of liquid refrigerant) acts on the electronic expansion valve, and there is a possibility that the electronic expansion valve cannot be opened and closed.

本発明は、上記の事情に鑑みてなされたもので、室内熱交換器の手前（入口）に配置された電子膨張弁に作用する液ヘッド圧を低減させることができ、電子膨張弁の開閉不良（作動不良）を防止することができるマルチ型空気調和機を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and can reduce the liquid head pressure acting on the electronic expansion valve disposed in front (inlet) of the indoor heat exchanger, resulting in poor opening and closing of the electronic expansion valve. An object is to provide a multi-type air conditioner capable of preventing (operation failure).

本発明は、上記課題を解決するため、以下の手段を採用した。
本発明に係るマルチ型空気調和機は、１台の室外機と、この室外機よりも下方に設置されて、前記室外機と冷媒配管を介して接続される複数台の室内機とを備えたマルチ型空気調和機であって、前記室外機の、冷房運転時における出口近傍に、少なくとも２つの電磁開閉弁と、少なくとも２本のキャピラリチューブとを備え、１つの電磁開閉弁と、この電磁開閉弁に接続されたキャピラリチューブとで構成されたものが、前記冷媒配管に対して並列に配置されてなる減圧機構が設けられ、前記室内機と前記減圧機構との間であって、前記室内機の入口に電子膨張弁が配置されるとともに、該電子膨張弁と前記減圧機構との間に液操作弁および高圧センサが配置されている。 The present invention employs the following means in order to solve the above problems.
The multi-type air conditioner according to the present invention includes one outdoor unit and a plurality of indoor units that are installed below the outdoor unit and connected to the outdoor unit through refrigerant piping. A multi-type air conditioner, comprising at least two electromagnetic on-off valves and at least two capillary tubes in the vicinity of an outlet of the outdoor unit during cooling operation, and one electromagnetic on-off valve A decompression mechanism comprising a capillary tube connected to a valve is provided in parallel with the refrigerant pipe, and is provided between the indoor unit and the decompression mechanism, the indoor unit An electronic expansion valve is disposed at the inlet of the liquid, and a liquid operation valve and a high pressure sensor are disposed between the electronic expansion valve and the pressure reducing mechanism .

また、本発明に係るマルチ型空気調和機は、１台の室外機と、この室外機よりも下方に設置されて、前記室外機と冷媒配管を介して接続される複数台の室内機とを備えたマルチ型空気調和機であって、前記室外機の、冷房運転時における出口近傍に、３つの電磁開閉弁と、長さの異なる３本のキャピラリチューブとを備え、１つの電磁開閉弁と、この電磁開閉弁に接続された１本のキャピラリチューブとで構成されたものが、前記冷媒配管に対して並列に配置されてなる減圧機構が設けられ、前記室内機と前記減圧機構との間であって、前記室内機の入口に電子膨張弁が配置されるとともに、該電子膨張弁と前記減圧機構との間に液操作弁および高圧センサが配置されている。 The multi-type air conditioner according to the present invention includes one outdoor unit and a plurality of indoor units installed below the outdoor unit and connected to the outdoor unit via refrigerant piping. A multi-type air conditioner provided with three electromagnetic on-off valves and three capillary tubes of different lengths near the outlet of the outdoor unit during cooling operation, and one electromagnetic on-off valve In addition, a pressure reduction mechanism comprising a single capillary tube connected to the electromagnetic on-off valve is provided in parallel with the refrigerant pipe, and is provided between the indoor unit and the pressure reduction mechanism. An electronic expansion valve is disposed at the inlet of the indoor unit, and a liquid operation valve and a high-pressure sensor are disposed between the electronic expansion valve and the pressure reducing mechanism .

本発明に係るマルチ型空気調和機によれば、キャピラリチューブの長さは、例えば、すべての電磁開閉弁を開いて、すべてのキャピラリチューブを使用した場合の減圧の効果を「１」とし、最も長いキャピラリチューブ（以下、「最長のキャピラリチューブ」という。）に接続された電磁開閉弁のみを開いて、最長のキャピラリチューブのみを使用した場合の減圧の効果が「１／１０」、最も短いキャピラリチューブ（以下、「最短のキャピラリチューブ」という。）に接続された電磁開閉弁のみを開いて、最短のキャピラリチューブのみを使用した場合の減圧の効果が「６／１０」、最長のキャピラリチューブよりも短く、最短のキャピラリチューブよりも長いキャピラリチューブ（以下、「中間長のキャピラリチューブ」という。）に接続された電磁開閉弁のみを開いて、当該キャピラリチューブのみを使用した場合の減圧の効果が「３／１０」になるように設定されている。
そして、最長のキャピラリチューブおよび中間長のキャピラリチューブに接続された電磁開閉弁を開いて、最長のキャピラリチューブおよび中間長のキャピラリチューブを使用した場合の減圧の効果は「４／１０」、最長のキャピラリチューブおよび最短のキャピラリチューブに接続された電磁開閉弁を開いて、最長のキャピラリチューブおよび最短のキャピラリチューブを使用した場合の減圧の効果は「７／１０」、中間長のキャピラリチューブおよび最短のキャピラリチューブに接続された電磁開閉弁を開いて、中間長のキャピラリチューブおよび最短のキャピラリチューブを使用した場合の減圧の効果は「９／１０」となる。
すなわち、開く電磁開閉弁の組合せ（パターン）をかえるだけで、室外機から室内機に供給される（導かれる）液冷媒の圧力をいくつかのパターンで減じることができる。
これにより、室内熱交換器の手前（入口）に配置された電子膨張弁に作用する液ヘッド圧を低減させることができ、電子膨張弁の開閉不良（作動不良）を防止することができる。 According to the multi-type air conditioner of the present invention, the length of the capillary tube is, for example, that the effect of pressure reduction when all the solenoid tubes are opened and all the capillary tubes are used is “1”. When only the electromagnetic on-off valve connected to a long capillary tube (hereinafter referred to as “longest capillary tube”) is opened and only the longest capillary tube is used, the effect of pressure reduction is “1/10”, the shortest capillary The effect of depressurization when using only the shortest capillary tube by opening only the electromagnetic on-off valve connected to the tube (hereinafter referred to as the “shortest capillary tube”) is “6/10”. Shorter and shorter than the shortest capillary tube (hereinafter referred to as “intermediate length capillary tube”). Open only electromagnetic on-off valve which is decompression effect of using only the capillary tube is set to be "3/10".
Then, the electromagnetic on-off valve connected to the longest capillary tube and the intermediate length capillary tube is opened, and the effect of pressure reduction when using the longest capillary tube and the intermediate length capillary tube is “4/10”. When the longest capillary tube and the shortest capillary tube are used by opening the solenoid on-off valve connected to the capillary tube and the shortest capillary tube, the effect of pressure reduction is “7/10”, the intermediate length capillary tube and the shortest capillary tube When the electromagnetic on-off valve connected to the capillary tube is opened and the intermediate length capillary tube and the shortest capillary tube are used, the effect of pressure reduction is “9/10”.
That is, the pressure of the liquid refrigerant supplied (guided) from the outdoor unit to the indoor unit can be reduced in several patterns only by changing the combination (pattern) of the open / close solenoid valves.
Thereby, the liquid head pressure which acts on the electronic expansion valve arrange | positioned in front (inlet) of the indoor heat exchanger can be reduced, and the opening / closing failure (malfunction) of the electronic expansion valve can be prevented.

上記マルチ型空気調和機において、前記電磁開閉弁はそれぞれ、これら電磁制御弁を個々に開閉する制御器と電気的に接続されており、前記制御器は、前記室外機の、冷房運転時における出口近傍の冷媒圧力、および前記室外機を構成する圧縮機の回転数に基づいて前記電磁開閉弁を開閉させるように構成されているとさらに好適である。   In the multi-type air conditioner, each of the electromagnetic open / close valves is electrically connected to a controller that individually opens and closes these electromagnetic control valves, and the controller is an outlet of the outdoor unit during cooling operation. It is more preferable that the electromagnetic on-off valve is configured to open and close based on the refrigerant pressure in the vicinity and the rotational speed of the compressor constituting the outdoor unit.

このようなマルチ型空気調和機によれば、室外機の、冷房運転時における出口近傍の冷媒圧力、および室外機を構成する圧縮機の回転数に基づいて、電磁開閉弁が瞬時に開閉され、室内熱交換器の手前に配置された電子膨張弁に作用する液ヘッド圧が最適な圧力に維持されることになる。
これにより、室内熱交換器の手前に配置された電子膨張弁に過大な液ヘッド圧が作用することを防止することができ、電子膨張弁の開閉不良（作動不良）をより確実に防止することができる。 According to such a multi-type air conditioner, the electromagnetic on-off valve is instantaneously opened and closed based on the refrigerant pressure in the vicinity of the outlet during the cooling operation of the outdoor unit and the rotational speed of the compressor constituting the outdoor unit, The liquid head pressure acting on the electronic expansion valve disposed in front of the indoor heat exchanger is maintained at an optimum pressure.
As a result, it is possible to prevent an excessive liquid head pressure from acting on the electronic expansion valve disposed in front of the indoor heat exchanger, and to more reliably prevent the electronic expansion valve from opening / closing (operation failure). Can do.

本発明に係るマルチ型空気調和機によれば、室内熱交換器の手前（入口）に配置された電子膨張弁に作用する液ヘッド圧を低減させることができ、電子膨張弁の開閉不良（作動不良）を防止することができるという効果を奏する。   According to the multi-type air conditioner according to the present invention, the liquid head pressure acting on the electronic expansion valve disposed in front (inlet) of the indoor heat exchanger can be reduced, and the opening / closing failure (operation of the electronic expansion valve) It is possible to prevent defects).

本発明の一実施形態に係るマルチ型空気調和機の概略系統図である。1 is a schematic system diagram of a multi-type air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention. 図１の要部を拡大した図である。It is the figure which expanded the principal part of FIG. キャピラリチューブの長さおよびその減圧の効果を説明するための図表である。It is a graph for demonstrating the length of a capillary tube, and the effect of the pressure reduction. 制御器にデータベースとして記憶されたデータを視覚化した図表であり、（ａ）は高圧センサで計測された計測値が規定値よりも高い場合の図表、（ｂ）は高圧センサで計測された計測値が規定値よりも低い場合の図表である。It is the chart which visualized the data memorize | stored as a database in a controller, (a) is a chart in case the measured value measured with the high voltage sensor is higher than a regulation value, (b) is the measurement measured with the high voltage sensor. It is a chart in case a value is lower than a regulation value. 制御器を動作させるためのフローチャートである。It is a flowchart for operating a controller.

以下、本発明に係るマルチ型空気調和機の一実施形態について、図１から図５を参照しながら説明する。
図１は本実施形態に係るマルチ型空気調和機の概略系統図、図２は図１の要部を拡大した図、図３はキャピラリチューブの長さおよびその減圧の効果を説明するための図表、図４は制御器にデータベースとして記憶されたデータを視覚化した図表であり、（ａ）は高圧センサで計測された計測値が規定値よりも高い場合の図表、（ｂ）は高圧センサで計測された計測値が規定値よりも低い場合の図表、図５は制御器を動作させるためのフローチャートである。
図１に示すように、本実施形態に係るマルチ型空気調和機１は、１台の室外機２と、複数台（例えば、２台）の室内機３とを備えている。 Hereinafter, an embodiment of a multi-type air conditioner according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5.
1 is a schematic system diagram of a multi-type air conditioner according to the present embodiment, FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the main part of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the length of a capillary tube and the effect of decompression thereof. FIG. 4 is a chart visualizing data stored as a database in the controller. (A) is a chart when the measured value measured by the high-pressure sensor is higher than a specified value, and (b) is a high-pressure sensor. FIG. 5 is a flowchart for operating the controller when the measured value is lower than the specified value.
As shown in FIG. 1, the multi-type air conditioner 1 according to this embodiment includes one outdoor unit 2 and a plurality of (for example, two) indoor units 3.

室外機２は、例えば、高層ビルの屋上に設置されるものであり、圧縮機４と、四方弁５と、室外熱交換器６と、室外ファン（図示せず）と、減圧機構７とを備えている。
室内機３は、室外機２が設置された屋上から、例えば、１００ｍ低い階層（フロア）の居室内に設置されるものであり、室内熱交換器（図示せず）と、室内ファン（図示せず）とを備えている。
室外機２と室内機３とは、冷媒配管８を介して接続されており、減圧機構７と室内機３との間に接続された冷媒配管８の途中には、液操作弁９が接続されている。液操作弁９は室外機２の近傍（出口）に配置されており、減圧機構７と液操作弁９との間に接続された冷媒配管８の途中には、管内の圧力を計測する高圧センサ１０が取り付けられている。高圧センサ１０は、後述する制御器２８と電気的に接続されており、高圧センサ１０で計測された計測値（以下、「高圧センサ値」という。）は、電気信号に変換されて制御器２８に出力される。
また、液操作弁９と室内機３との間に接続された冷媒配管８の途中には、電子膨張弁１１が接続されている。電子膨張弁（以下、「ＥＥＶ」という。）１１は各室内機３の近傍（入口）に配置されている。 The outdoor unit 2 is installed, for example, on the roof of a high-rise building, and includes a compressor 4, a four-way valve 5, an outdoor heat exchanger 6, an outdoor fan (not shown), and a pressure reducing mechanism 7. I have.
The indoor unit 3 is installed in a living room of a floor (floor), for example, 100 m lower than the rooftop on which the outdoor unit 2 is installed, and includes an indoor heat exchanger (not shown) and an indoor fan (not shown). )).
The outdoor unit 2 and the indoor unit 3 are connected via a refrigerant pipe 8, and a liquid operation valve 9 is connected in the middle of the refrigerant pipe 8 connected between the decompression mechanism 7 and the indoor unit 3. ing. The liquid operation valve 9 is disposed in the vicinity (exit) of the outdoor unit 2, and a high pressure sensor that measures the pressure in the pipe in the middle of the refrigerant pipe 8 connected between the pressure reducing mechanism 7 and the liquid operation valve 9. 10 is attached. The high-pressure sensor 10 is electrically connected to a controller 28 described later, and a measurement value (hereinafter referred to as “high-pressure sensor value”) measured by the high-pressure sensor 10 is converted into an electric signal and is then controlled. Is output.
In addition, an electronic expansion valve 11 is connected in the middle of the refrigerant pipe 8 connected between the liquid operation valve 9 and the indoor unit 3. An electronic expansion valve (hereinafter referred to as “EEV”) 11 is disposed in the vicinity (inlet) of each indoor unit 3.

図２に示すように、減圧機構７は、１つの逆止弁２１と、複数（本実施形態では３つ）の電磁開閉弁２２，２３，２４と、長さの異なる複数（本実施形態では３本）のキャピラリチューブ２５，２６，２７とを備えている。
電磁開閉弁２２にはキャピラリチューブ２５が接続され、電磁開閉弁２３にはキャピラリチューブ２６が接続されており、電磁開閉弁２４にはキャピラリチューブ２７が接続されている。また、逆止弁２１と、電磁開閉弁２２およびキャピラリチューブ２５と、電磁開閉弁２３およびキャピラリチューブ２６と、電磁開閉弁２４およびキャピラリチューブ２７とは、冷媒配管８を介して並列に配置されている。
電磁開閉弁２３，２４，２５はそれぞれ、制御器２８と電気的に接続されており、制御器２８から出力された電気信号によりその開閉が制御されるようになっている。
なお、逆止弁２１は、液操作弁９から室外熱交換器６への流れを許容し、室外熱交換器６から液操作弁９への流れを阻止する方向に取り付けられている。 As shown in FIG. 2, the pressure reducing mechanism 7 includes one check valve 21, a plurality (three in this embodiment) of electromagnetic on-off valves 22, 23, and 24, and a plurality of (in this embodiment) different lengths. 3) capillary tubes 25, 26, and 27.
A capillary tube 25 is connected to the electromagnetic open / close valve 22, a capillary tube 26 is connected to the electromagnetic open / close valve 23, and a capillary tube 27 is connected to the electromagnetic open / close valve 24. The check valve 21, the electromagnetic on-off valve 22 and the capillary tube 25, the electromagnetic on-off valve 23 and the capillary tube 26, and the electromagnetic on-off valve 24 and the capillary tube 27 are arranged in parallel via the refrigerant pipe 8. Yes.
The electromagnetic open / close valves 23, 24, 25 are electrically connected to the controller 28, and the opening / closing thereof is controlled by an electric signal output from the controller 28.
The check valve 21 is attached in a direction that allows a flow from the liquid operation valve 9 to the outdoor heat exchanger 6 and prevents a flow from the outdoor heat exchanger 6 to the liquid operation valve 9.

ここで、キャピラリチューブ２５，２６，２７の長さは、例えば、すべての電磁開閉弁２２，２３，２４を開いて、すべてのキャピラリチューブ２５，２６，２７を使用した場合の減圧の効果を「１」（図３の「７」欄参照）とし、電磁開閉弁２２のみを開いて、キャピラリチューブ２５のみを使用した場合の減圧の効果が「１／１０」（図３の「１」欄参照）、電磁開閉弁２３のみを開いて、キャピラリチューブ２６のみを使用した場合の減圧の効果が「３／１０」（図３の「２」欄参照）、電磁開閉弁２４のみを開いて、キャピラリチューブ２７のみを使用した場合の減圧の効果が「６／１０」（図３の「４」欄参照）となるように設定されている。
そして、電磁開閉弁２２，２３を開いて、キャピラリチューブ２５，２６を使用した場合の減圧の効果は「４／１０」（図３の「３」欄参照）、電磁開閉弁２２，２４を開いて、キャピラリチューブ２５，２７を使用した場合の減圧の効果は「７／１０」（図３の「５」欄参照）、電磁開閉弁２３，２４を開いて、キャピラリチューブ２６，２７を使用した場合の減圧の効果は「９／１０」（図３の「６」欄参照）となる。 Here, the length of the capillary tubes 25, 26, 27 is, for example, the effect of depressurization when all the capillary tubes 25, 26, 27 are used by opening all the electromagnetic on-off valves 22, 23, 24. 1 ”(see column“ 7 ”in FIG. 3), the effect of pressure reduction when only the solenoid valve 22 is opened and only the capillary tube 25 is used is“ 1/10 ”(see column“ 1 ”in FIG. 3). ), Only the electromagnetic on-off valve 23 is opened, and the effect of pressure reduction when only the capillary tube 26 is used is “3/10” (see the column “2” in FIG. 3). The pressure reduction effect when only the tube 27 is used is set to be “6/10” (see the “4” column in FIG. 3).
Then, when the solenoid valves 22 and 23 are opened and the capillary tubes 25 and 26 are used, the effect of pressure reduction is “4/10” (refer to the column “3” in FIG. 3), and the solenoid valves 22 and 24 are opened. When the capillary tubes 25 and 27 are used, the effect of pressure reduction is “7/10” (see the column “5” in FIG. 3). The solenoid valves 23 and 24 are opened and the capillary tubes 26 and 27 are used. In this case, the effect of decompression is “9/10” (see the “6” column in FIG. 3).

制御器２８には、図４（ａ）および図４（ｂ）に示す図表をデータ化したものがデータベースとして記憶（蓄積）されており、制御器２８は、図５に示すフローチャートにしたがって電磁開閉弁２２，２３，２４を開閉して ＥＥＶ１１手前（入口）の圧力が調整されるようになっている。
すなわち、高圧センサ１０で計測された高圧センサ値が規定値以上になり、かつ、コンプ回転数（圧縮機４の回転数）が規定値以下になった場合には、制御器２８が、ＥＥＶ１１手前（入口）の圧力が所望の圧力になるように、当該制御器２８に記憶されたデータベースに基づいて使用する電磁開閉弁２２，２３，２４およびキャピラリチューブ２５，２６，２７を選択し、電磁開閉弁２２，２３，２４を開閉する。
例えば、高圧センサ１０で計測された高圧センサ値が規定値以上になり、かつ、コンプ回転数が規定値以下になって、そのときの高圧センサ値がもう一つの規定値（第２の規定値）よりも高く、コンプ回転数が制御器２８に記憶された最も高い領域内に存する場合には、電磁開閉弁２２，２４が開かれ、キャピラリチューブ２５，２７が使用されることになる。
また、高圧センサ１０で計測された高圧センサ値が規定値以上になり、かつ、コンプ回転数が規定値以下になって、そのときの高圧センサ値がもう一つの規定値（第２の規定値）よりも低く、コンプ回転数が最も低い領域内に存する場合には、電磁開閉弁２３のみが開かれ、キャピラリチューブ２６のみが使用されることになる。 The controller 28 stores (accumulates) the data shown in FIG. 4 (a) and FIG. 4 (b) as a database, and the controller 28 performs electromagnetic switching according to the flowchart shown in FIG. The valves 22, 23, 24 are opened and closed to adjust the pressure before the EEV 11 (inlet).
That is, when the high-pressure sensor value measured by the high-pressure sensor 10 is equal to or higher than the specified value, and the compressor speed (the rotational speed of the compressor 4) is equal to or lower than the specified value, the controller 28 controls the controller 28 before EEV11. The electromagnetic on-off valves 22, 23, 24 and capillary tubes 25, 26, 27 to be used are selected based on the database stored in the controller 28 so that the pressure at the (inlet) becomes a desired pressure. The valves 22, 23 and 24 are opened and closed.
For example, when the high-pressure sensor value measured by the high-pressure sensor 10 is equal to or higher than a specified value, and the compression speed is equal to or lower than the specified value, the high-pressure sensor value at that time is another specified value (second specified value). If the compressor speed is within the highest region stored in the controller 28, the electromagnetic on-off valves 22 and 24 are opened and the capillary tubes 25 and 27 are used.
In addition, the high pressure sensor value measured by the high pressure sensor 10 is equal to or higher than the specified value, and the rotational speed of the compressor is equal to or lower than the specified value. The high pressure sensor value at that time is another specified value (second specified value). In the case where the rotational speed of the compressor is within the lowest range, only the electromagnetic on-off valve 23 is opened and only the capillary tube 26 is used.

本実施形態に係るマルチ型空気調和機１によれば、キャピラリチューブ２５，２６，２７の長さは、例えば、すべての電磁開閉弁２２，２３，２４を開いて、すべてのキャピラリチューブ２５，２６，２７を使用した場合の減圧の効果を「１」とし、最も長いキャピラリチューブ２５に接続された電磁開閉弁２２のみを開いて、キャピラリチューブ２５のみを使用した場合の減圧の効果が「１／１０」、最も短いキャピラリチューブ２７に接続された電磁開閉弁２４のみを開いて、キャピラリチューブ２７のみを使用した場合の減圧の効果が「６／１０」、キャピラリチューブ２５よりも短く、キャピラリチューブ２７よりも長いキャピラリチューブ２６に接続された電磁開閉弁２３のみを開いて、キャピラリチューブ２６のみを使用した場合の減圧の効果が「３／１０」になるように設定されている。
そして、キャピラリチューブ２５，２６に接続された電磁開閉弁２２，２３を開いて、キャピラリチューブ２５，２６を使用した場合の減圧の効果は「４／１０」、キャピラリチューブ２５，２７に接続された電磁開閉弁２２，２４を開いて、キャピラリチューブ２５，２７を使用した場合の減圧の効果は「７／１０」、キャピラリチューブ２６，２７に接続された電磁開閉弁２３，２４を開いて、キャピラリチューブ２６，２７を使用した場合の減圧の効果は「９／１０」となる。
すなわち、開く電磁開閉弁２２，２３，２４の組合せ（パターン）をかえるだけで、室外機２から室内機３に供給される（導かれる）液冷媒の圧力をいくつかのパターンで減じることができる。
これにより、室内熱交換器の手前（入口）に配置されたＥＥＶ１１に作用する液ヘッド圧を低減させることができ、ＥＥＶ１１の開閉不良（作動不良）を防止することができる。 According to the multi-type air conditioner 1 according to the present embodiment, the lengths of the capillary tubes 25, 26, 27 are set such that, for example, all the electromagnetic on-off valves 22, 23, 24 are opened and all the capillary tubes 25, 26 are opened. , 27 is set to “1”, only the solenoid on / off valve 22 connected to the longest capillary tube 25 is opened, and the pressure reduction effect when only the capillary tube 25 is used is “1 /”. 10 ”, the effect of pressure reduction when using only the capillary tube 27 by opening only the electromagnetic on-off valve 24 connected to the shortest capillary tube 27 is“ 6/10 ”, shorter than the capillary tube 25, and the capillary tube 27 When only the solenoid on / off valve 23 connected to the longer capillary tube 26 is opened and only the capillary tube 26 is used Of the effect of the reduced pressure is set to be the "3/10".
Then, the electromagnetic on-off valves 22 and 23 connected to the capillary tubes 25 and 26 are opened, and the effect of pressure reduction when the capillary tubes 25 and 26 are used is “4/10”, and the capillary tubes 25 and 27 are connected. When the solenoid valves 22 and 24 are opened and the capillary tubes 25 and 27 are used, the pressure reduction effect is “7/10”. The solenoid valves 23 and 24 connected to the capillary tubes 26 and 27 are opened and the capillaries are opened. The effect of pressure reduction when the tubes 26 and 27 are used is “9/10”.
That is, the pressure of the liquid refrigerant supplied (guided) from the outdoor unit 2 to the indoor unit 3 can be reduced in several patterns only by changing the combination (pattern) of the open / close solenoid valves 22, 23, 24. .
Thereby, the liquid head pressure which acts on EEV11 arrange | positioned in front (inlet) of an indoor heat exchanger can be reduced, and the opening / closing failure (operation failure) of EEV11 can be prevented.

また、電磁開閉弁２２，２３，２４はそれぞれ、これら電磁制御弁２２，２３，２４を個々に開閉する制御器２８と電気的に接続されており、制御器２８は、室外機２の、冷房運転時における出口近傍の冷媒圧力、および室外機２を構成する圧縮機４の回転数に基づいて電磁開閉弁２２，２３，２４を開閉させるように構成されている。
すなわち、室外機２の、冷房運転時における出口近傍の冷媒圧力、および室外機２を構成する圧縮機４の回転数に基づいて、電磁開閉弁２２，２３，２４が瞬時に開閉され、室内熱交換器の手前に配置されたＥＥＶ１１に作用する液ヘッド圧が最適な圧力に維持されることになる。
これにより、室内熱交換器の手前に配置されたＥＥＶ１１に過大な液ヘッド圧が作用することを防止することができ、ＥＥＶ１１の開閉不良（作動不良）をより確実に防止することができる。 Further, the electromagnetic opening / closing valves 22, 23, and 24 are electrically connected to a controller 28 that individually opens and closes these electromagnetic control valves 22, 23, and 24, respectively. The electromagnetic on-off valves 22, 23, and 24 are configured to open and close based on the refrigerant pressure near the outlet during operation and the rotational speed of the compressor 4 that constitutes the outdoor unit 2.
That is, based on the refrigerant pressure in the vicinity of the outlet of the outdoor unit 2 during the cooling operation and the rotational speed of the compressor 4 constituting the outdoor unit 2, the electromagnetic on-off valves 22, 23, and 24 are instantaneously opened and closed, and the indoor heat The liquid head pressure acting on the EEV 11 arranged in front of the exchanger is maintained at an optimum pressure.
Thereby, it is possible to prevent an excessive liquid head pressure from acting on the EEV 11 disposed in front of the indoor heat exchanger, and it is possible to more reliably prevent an open / close failure (operation failure) of the EEV 11.

なお、本発明は上述した実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で各種変更・変形が可能である。
例えば、上述した実施形態では、３つの電磁開閉弁２２，２３，２４と、長さの異なる３本のキャピラリチューブ２５，２６，２７とを備えた減圧機構７を一具体例として挙げて説明した。しかし、本発明はこのようなものに限定されるものではなく、減圧機構７は、３つの電磁開閉弁と、長さの同じ３本のキャピラリチューブとを備えたもの、２つの電磁開閉弁と、長さの異なる２本のキャピラリチューブとを備えたもの、２つの電磁開閉弁と、長さの同じ２本のキャピラリチューブとを備えたもの、４つ以上の電磁開閉弁と、長さの異なる４本以上のキャピラリチューブとを備えたもの、４つ以上の電磁開閉弁と、長さの同じ４本以上のキャピラリチューブとを備えたものであってもよい。 The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.
For example, in the above-described embodiment, the pressure reducing mechanism 7 including the three electromagnetic opening / closing valves 22, 23, and 24 and the three capillary tubes 25, 26, and 27 having different lengths is described as a specific example. . However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the decompression mechanism 7 includes three electromagnetic on-off valves and three capillary tubes having the same length, two electromagnetic on-off valves, One having two capillary tubes of different lengths, two electromagnetic on-off valves, two capillary tubes having the same length, four or more electromagnetic on-off valves, It may be provided with four or more different capillary tubes, and may be provided with four or more electromagnetic on-off valves and four or more capillary tubes having the same length.

１ マルチ型空気調和機
２ 室外機
３ 室内機
７ 減圧機構
８ 冷媒配管
２２ 電磁開閉弁
２３ 電磁開閉弁
２４ 電磁開閉弁
２５ キャピラリチューブ
２６ キャピラリチューブ
２７ キャピラリチューブ
２８ 制御器
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Multi type air conditioner 2 Outdoor unit 3 Indoor unit 7 Pressure reducing mechanism 8 Refrigerant piping 22 Electromagnetic switching valve 23 Electromagnetic switching valve 24 Electromagnetic switching valve 25 Capillary tube 26 Capillary tube 27 Capillary tube 28 Controller

Claims (3)

１台の室外機と、この室外機よりも下方に設置されて、前記室外機と冷媒配管を介して接続される複数台の室内機とを備えたマルチ型空気調和機であって、
前記室外機の、冷房運転時における出口近傍に、少なくとも２つの電磁開閉弁と、少なくとも２本のキャピラリチューブとを備え、１つの電磁開閉弁と、この電磁開閉弁に接続されたキャピラリチューブとで構成されたものが、前記冷媒配管に対して並列に配置されてなる減圧機構が設けられ、
前記室内機と前記減圧機構との間であって、前記室内機の入口に電子膨張弁が配置されるとともに、該電子膨張弁と前記減圧機構との間に液操作弁および高圧センサが配置されていることを特徴とするマルチ型空気調和機。 A multi-type air conditioner comprising one outdoor unit and a plurality of indoor units installed below the outdoor unit and connected to the outdoor unit via refrigerant piping,
The outdoor unit is provided with at least two electromagnetic on-off valves and at least two capillary tubes in the vicinity of the outlet during cooling operation, and includes one electromagnetic on-off valve and a capillary tube connected to the electromagnetic on-off valve. What is configured is provided with a decompression mechanism arranged in parallel with the refrigerant pipe ,
An electronic expansion valve is disposed between the indoor unit and the pressure reducing mechanism at the inlet of the indoor unit, and a liquid operation valve and a high pressure sensor are disposed between the electronic expansion valve and the pressure reducing mechanism. A multi-type air conditioner characterized by １台の室外機と、この室外機よりも下方に設置されて、前記室外機と冷媒配管を介して接続される複数台の室内機とを備えたマルチ型空気調和機であって、
前記室外機の、冷房運転時における出口近傍に、３つの電磁開閉弁と、長さの異なる３本のキャピラリチューブとを備え、１つの電磁開閉弁と、この電磁開閉弁に接続された１本のキャピラリチューブとで構成されたものが、前記冷媒配管に対して並列に配置されてなる減圧機構が設けられ、
前記室内機と前記減圧機構との間であって、前記室内機の入口に電子膨張弁が配置されるとともに、該電子膨張弁と前記減圧機構との間に液操作弁および高圧センサが配置されていることを特徴とするマルチ型空気調和機。 A multi-type air conditioner comprising one outdoor unit and a plurality of indoor units installed below the outdoor unit and connected to the outdoor unit via refrigerant piping,
The outdoor unit has three electromagnetic on-off valves and three capillary tubes having different lengths in the vicinity of the outlet during cooling operation, and one electromagnetic on-off valve and one connected to the electromagnetic on-off valve Is provided with a pressure reducing mechanism in which the capillary tube is arranged in parallel with the refrigerant pipe ,
An electronic expansion valve is disposed between the indoor unit and the pressure reducing mechanism at the inlet of the indoor unit, and a liquid operation valve and a high pressure sensor are disposed between the electronic expansion valve and the pressure reducing mechanism. A multi-type air conditioner characterized by 前記電磁開閉弁はそれぞれ、これら電磁制御弁を個々に開閉する制御器と電気的に接続されており、前記制御器は、前記室外機の、冷房運転時における出口近傍の冷媒圧力、および前記室外機を構成する圧縮機の回転数に基づいて前記電磁開閉弁を開閉させることを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載のマルチ型空気調和機。   Each of the electromagnetic open / close valves is electrically connected to a controller that individually opens and closes these electromagnetic control valves. The controller includes a refrigerant pressure in the vicinity of the outlet of the outdoor unit during cooling operation, and the outdoor The multi-type air conditioner according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the electromagnetic on-off valve is opened and closed based on a rotation speed of a compressor constituting the machine.
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