JP5486858B2 - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat exchanger having a core made of a plurality of metal plates.

  The following Patent Document 1 or Patent Document 2 discloses a plate-type heat exchanger. The core of this type of heat exchanger is formed by stacking a plurality of metal plates and alternately forming a first flow path through which high-temperature gas flows and a second flow path through which a cooling medium flows between the plates. Yes. This core is accommodated inside the housing.

  A gas inlet is formed at the end of the housing on the inflow side. A gas outlet is formed at the end on the outflow side of the housing. The hot gas flowing into the housing from the gas inlet flows through the first flow path of the core and then flows out of the housing from the gas outlet. A cooling medium such as cooling water is supplied to the second flow path of the core, and heat exchange is performed between the cooling medium and the gas, whereby the high-temperature gas is cooled.

JP 2000-320986 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-177637

  As described above, in a heat exchanger having a core formed by stacking a plurality of metal plates, a high-temperature gas exceeding several hundred degrees Celsius may flow into the housing from the gas inlet. When this hot gas touches the end of the core, part of the metal plate becomes locally hot. In this case, it is considered that excessive deformation due to thermal stress occurs in a part of the metal plate that has become high temperature, and this deformation adversely affects the core. In particular, in the case of a core in which it is difficult to make the flow rate of the cooling medium sufficiently uniform in each part of the core, a part of the core is likely to be further heated by contact with a portion where the temperature is likely to be relatively high.

  Therefore, the objective of this invention is providing the heat exchanger which can suppress that a core part deform | transforms with the high temperature gas which flows in from a gas inflow port.

  The heat exchanger of the present invention is configured by stacking a plurality of plates, and a core formed with a first flow path through which a high-temperature gas flows and a second flow path through which a cooling medium flows between these plates; An inflow guide tube having a core housing portion that houses the core, a gas inlet and a gas outlet communicating with the core housing portion, and a flow passage cross-sectional area increases from the gas inlet toward the core housing portion. And a precooler disposed along the inner surface of the inflow guide tube inside the inflow guide tube.

In the present invention, the precooler has a first spiral pipe wound in a spiral shape so that its diameter increases from the gas inlet toward the core housing portion along the inner surface of the inflow guide tube, The cooling medium flows in the first spiral pipe. A second spiral pipe disposed inside the first spiral pipe, wherein the cooling medium flows in the second spiral pipe, and the second spiral pipe is connected to the gas inlet. The first spiral pipe is disposed transversely so as to cross the gas flow flowing into the inflow guide tube .

  Further, a flow restriction member made of punching metal may be disposed between the inflow guide tube and the core housing portion. A rectifying plate may be provided at a lower portion of the inflow guide tube so as to suppress a gas flowing in from the gas inlet from being directed to a lower portion of the core.

  According to the present invention, the high-temperature gas from the gas inlet through the inflow guide tube toward the core is cooled by the precooler including the spiral pipe disposed along the inner surface of the inflow guide tube, and the temperature is lowered to some extent. In contact with the core. For this reason, it can avoid that a part of core which consists of metal plates becomes high temperature, and can suppress that a part of core deform | transforms.

  In the present invention, when a spiral pipe formed in a spiral shape is disposed along the inner surface of the inflow guide cylinder whose flow path cross section increases in a taper shape from the gas inlet toward the core housing portion, A spiral pipe having a desired length can be stored compactly in the space inside the guide tube, and the high-temperature gas flowing along the inner surface of the inflow guide tube can be effectively absorbed by the cooling medium flowing in the spiral pipe. Can be cooled.

1 is a perspective view of a heat exchanger according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the inside by cutting out a part of the heat exchanger shown in FIG. 1. The side view which cuts and shows a part of heat exchanger shown by FIG. The top view which notches and shows a part of said heat exchanger. The front view of the said heat exchanger. The perspective view of the 1st spiral pipe and 2nd spiral pipe of the said heat exchanger. The perspective view which represented a part of core of the said heat exchanger in the cross section, and was seen from the bottom. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a pair of plates constituting the core, partly cut away and viewed from above.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 8.
FIG. 1 shows a heat exchanger 10 according to one embodiment of the present invention. The heat exchanger 10 includes a housing 11. FIG. 2 shows the inside of the heat exchanger 10 with a part of the housing 11 cut away. A heat exchange core 12 is accommodated in the housing 11.

  3 is a side view of the heat exchanger 10, FIG. 4 is a plan view of the heat exchanger 10, and FIG. 5 is a front view of the heat exchanger 10. The housing 11 is made of a metal plate such as stainless steel, and includes a core accommodating portion 15 that accommodates the core 12, an inflow guide tube 16 that is formed on one end side (gas inflow side) of the core accommodating portion 15, and the core accommodating portion 15. It has an outflow guide tube 17 formed on the other end side (gas outflow side). The core housing portion 15 includes a pair of left and right side plates 20 and 21, a bottom plate 22, an upper plate 23 and the like, and is formed in a square box shape.

  A gas inlet 30 and a flange 31 are formed at the end of the inflow guide tube 16. The inflow guide tube 16 has a cross-sectional shape that changes from a circular shape to a quadrangular shape from the gas inlet 30 having a circular cross section toward the quadrangular core housing portion 15. A taper shape is formed such that the cross-sectional area of the flow path increases toward the surface. The inflow guide tube 16 is connected to a gas flow pipe 35 (shown in FIG. 1) via a flange 31, and the hot gas G1 sent from the gas flow pipe 35 passes through the inflow guide tube 16 and is a core inside the housing 11. 12 is supplied.

  A gas outlet 40 and a flange 41 are formed in the outflow guide tube 17 provided on the other end side of the housing 11. The outflow guide tube 17 has a cross-sectional shape that changes from a quadrilateral to a circular gas outlet 40 from the quadrangular core housing part 15 toward the circular gas outlet 40, and from the core accommodating part 15 to the gas outlet 40. It has a reverse taper shape in which the cross-sectional area of the flow path decreases. The outflow guide cylinder 17 is connected to a gas flow pipe 45 (shown in FIG. 1) via a flange 41 so that the gas G2 after heat exchange is discharged to the gas flow pipe 45.

  A precooler 50 is disposed inside the inflow guide tube 16. The precooler 50 includes a first spiral pipe 51 and a second spiral pipe 52. FIG. 6 shows a first spiral pipe 51 and a second spiral pipe 52. Each of the first spiral pipe 51 and the second spiral pipe 52 is formed in a coil shape by winding a metal pipe material having corrosion resistance such as stainless steel in a spiral shape.

  The first spiral pipe 51 is disposed along the inner surface 16 a of the inflow guide tube 16. The inflow guide tube 16 has a tapered shape in which the cross-sectional area of the flow path increases from the gas inlet 30 toward the core housing portion 15. Therefore, the first spiral pipe 51 has a diameter along the inner surface 16a of the inflow guide tube 16 from the small-diameter end 51a on the gas inlet 30 side toward the large-diameter end 51b on the core housing portion 15 side. The shape is wound in a spiral so as to increase.

  The second spiral pipe 52 is disposed inside the first spiral pipe 51. The second spiral pipe 52 has a size that can be accommodated inside the first spiral pipe 51 and is wound in a substantially cylindrical coil shape. The cooling water W is caused to flow inside the spiral pipes 51 and 52.

  A joint 55 is provided at the end of the first spiral pipe 51 on the inflow side. The first spiral pipe 51 is connected to a cooling water supply pipe 56 (shown in FIG. 1) through the joint 55. The cooling water supply pipe 56 has a function of supplying the cooling water W. A joint 60 is provided at the end on the outflow side of the first spiral pipe 51. One end of the first relay pipe 61 is connected to the joint 60.

  A joint 65 is provided at the end of the second spiral pipe 52 on the inflow side. The joint 65 is connected to the other end of the first relay pipe 61. That is, the first spiral pipe 51 and the second spiral pipe 52 communicate with each other via the first relay pipe 61. A joint 66 is provided at the end on the outflow side of the second spiral pipe 52. One end of a second relay pipe 67 is connected to the joint 66.

  The cooling water W supplied from the cooling water supply pipe 56 to the first spiral pipe 51 flows through the inside of the first spiral pipe 51 and then passes through the first relay pipe 61 to the second spiral pipe 52. It flows in the second spiral pipe 52 and then flows into the second relay pipe 67. The precooler 50 including the spiral pipes 51 and 52 can lower the temperature of the hot gas G1 flowing inside the inflow guide tube 16 before the gas G1 reaches the core 12.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a flow restriction member 70 made of, for example, a punching metal is provided between the core housing portion 15 and the inflow guide tube 16. The flow suppressing member 70 covers the entire flow path cross section between the core housing portion 15 and the inflow guide tube 16 so that the entire amount of the hot gas G1 from the inflow guide tube 16 toward the core 12 passes. . The transmittance (opening ratio of the punching metal) of the flow suppressing member 70 is, for example, 20 to 40%, but this value is set as necessary.

  A rectifying plate 71 made of a metal such as stainless steel is disposed below the gas inlet 30. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the rectifying plate 71 extends from the gas inlet 30 toward the core housing portion 15. As shown in FIG. 5, the rectifying plate 71 is formed in an arc shape along the inner peripheral surface of the gas inlet 30, and is provided on both sides of the lowermost portion of the gas inlet 30 over an angle range θ of, for example, 90 ° to 180 °. ing. The rectifying plate 71 has a function of suppressing the high temperature gas G <b> 1 flowing from the gas inlet 30 from moving toward the lower portion 12 a of the core 12.

Details of the core 12 will be described below with reference to FIGS. 2, 7, and 8.
The core 12 includes a pair of upper and lower metal substrates 80 and 81 (shown in FIGS. 2 and 7) and a plurality of (for example, several tens) plate pairs 82 provided between the substrates 80 and 81. ing. The plate pair 82 is configured by stacking a first plate 83 and a second plate 84 made of a metal such as stainless steel in the thickness direction.

  FIG. 8 shows a state in which two plate pairs 82 are overlapped. The first plate 83 and the second plate 84 have corrugated portions 83a and 84a that are shaped into corrugations, respectively. The peaks and valleys of one corrugated portion 83a extend in a direction intersecting the peaks and valleys of the other corrugated portion 84a. A plurality of (for example, several tens) plate pairs 82 composed of the first plate 83 and the second plate 84 are stacked between the substrates 80 and 81, and the corrugated portion 83 a of the first plate 83 and the corrugated portion of the second plate 84 are stacked. The contact with 84a is brazed. A spacer member 85 is provided on the peripheral edge of the plate pair 82.

  As shown in FIG. 7, in a state where the first plate 83 and the second plate 84 are overlapped, the first flow path 91 is provided between the corrugated portion 83a of the first plate 83 and the corrugated portion 84a of the second plate 84. Is formed. An inflow side opening 91 a (shown in FIGS. 2 and 8) of these first flow paths 91 opens to the inflow side in the housing 11 and communicates with the gas inlet 30. The high-temperature gas G1 that has flowed into the housing 11 from the gas inlet 30 can flow into the first flow path 91 from these inflow side openings 91a.

  The outflow side opening 91 b of the first flow path 91 opens to the outflow side in the housing 11 and communicates with the gas outlet 40. The gas flowing out from the outflow side opening 91b to the outflow side in the housing 11 flows from the gas outlet 40 toward the gas circulation pipe 45.

  A second flow path 92 is formed between adjacent plate pairs 82. As shown in FIG. 7, the second flow path 92 communicates with the refrigerant inlet 96 through a through hole 95 formed on one end side of each of the plates 83 and 84. The refrigerant inlet 96 has a cylindrical shape and is fixed to the substrate 80. An upper end portion of the refrigerant inlet 96 projects to the outside of the housing 11, and a joint 97 is provided. The other end of the second relay pipe 67 is connected to the joint 97.

  The outflow side of the second flow path 92 communicates with the refrigerant outlet 101 (shown in FIG. 2 and the like) through a through hole 100 (shown in FIG. 8) formed on the other end side of each of the plates 83 and 84. ing. The refrigerant outlet 101 has a cylindrical shape and is fixed to the substrate 80. The upper end of the refrigerant outlet 101 protrudes outside the housing 11 and is provided with a joint 102. The joint 102 is connected to a refrigerant outflow pipe 103 (shown in FIG. 1).

The operation of the heat exchanger 10 having the above configuration will be described below.
From the gas flow pipe 35 connected to the upstream side of the heat exchanger 10, for example, a high-temperature gas G 1 of several hundred degrees C. is supplied to the gas inlet 30 of the housing 11. The term “hot gas” used in this specification means a gas having a temperature that requires cooling, and therefore the gas temperature may be 100 ° C. or less, and the specific temperature is not limited.

  The hot gas G1 flowing in from the gas inlet 30 touches the first spiral pipe 51 and the second spiral pipe 52 when passing through the inflow guide tube 16. Thereafter, the gas G1 passes through the flow suppressing member (punching metal) 70. The gas G1 that has passed through the flow suppression member 70 reaches the core 12 and flows into the first flow path 91 from the inflow side opening 91a of the core 12. The gas that has flowed into the first flow path 91 flows from the outflow side opening portion 91b to the gas circulation pipe 45 through the gas outlet port 40 while generating turbulent flow between the corrugated portions 83a and 84a.

  On the other hand, the cooling water W that functions as a cooling medium is supplied from the cooling water supply pipe 56 to the first spiral pipe 51 through the joint 55. The cooling water W that has flowed through the first spiral pipe 51 is supplied to the second spiral pipe 52 through the first relay pipe 61. The cooling water W that has flowed through the second spiral pipe 52 flows into the second flow path 92 of the core 12 through the second relay pipe 67 and the refrigerant inlet 96. The cooling water W that has flowed into the second flow path 92 flows to the refrigerant outlet pipe 103 via the refrigerant outlet 101 and the joint 102 while generating turbulent flow between the corrugated portions 83a and 84a.

  As described above, the high temperature gas G1 introduced into the housing 11 from the gas flow pipe 35 flows through the first flow path 91 of the core 12 and is supplied from the cooling water supply pipe 56 to the second flow path 92 of the core 12. When the cooling water W flows through the second flow path 92, heat exchange is performed between the high temperature gas G1 and the cooling water W via the plates 83 and 84, and the high temperature gas G1 is cooled. The gas G <b> 2 whose temperature has decreased due to heat exchange flows out to the gas flow pipe 45 connected to the downstream side of the heat exchanger 10.

  The hot gas G1 that flows from the gas inlet 30 through the inflow guide tube 16 toward the core 12 generates a laminar flow along the inner surface 16a of the inflow guide tube 16 in which the flow path cross-sectional area increases toward the core 12, so In the vicinity of the inner surface 16a of the guide tube 16, the high temperature gas G1 tends to flow faster than the position away from the inner surface 16a. In addition, since a large number of second flow paths 92 are arranged in the vertical direction of the core 12, the flow rate of the cooling water flowing in from the refrigerant inlet 96 tends to become slower due to pressure loss or the like as it approaches the lower portion 12a of the core 12. . For this reason, the temperature in the vicinity of the lower portion 12a of the core 12 tends to increase.

  In the heat exchanger 10 of the present application, heat exchange is performed between the high temperature gas G1 flowing in the inflow guide tube 16 and the cooling water W in the spiral pipes 51 and 52, so that the high temperature gas G1 reaches the core 12. The temperature of the gas G1 can be lowered to some extent before. In the vicinity of the inner surface 16a of the inflow guide tube 16, the hot gas G1 generates a laminar flow and moves at a relatively high speed. However, since the first spiral pipe 51 is disposed along the inner surface 16a of the inflow guide tube 16, the inflow The temperature of the hot gas G1 flowing in the vicinity of the inner surface 16a of the guide tube 16 can be effectively lowered. The hot gas G <b> 1 flowing near the center of the inflow guide tube 16 is cooled by contacting the second spiral pipe 52 disposed inside the first spiral pipe 51.

  Further, since the rectifying plate 71 is provided at the lower part of the inflow guide tube 16, the rectifying plate 71 can prevent the high temperature gas G <b> 1 passing through the inflow guide tube 16 from moving toward the lower part 12 a of the core 12. In addition, since the flow suppressing member 70 made of punching metal or the like is disposed between the inflow guide tube 16 and the core housing portion 15, the pressure of the high-temperature gas G1 from the inflow guide tube 16 toward the core 12 is equalized. 12 is reached. For these reasons, the temperature in the vicinity of the lower portion 12a of the core 12 is suppressed from becoming locally high, and deformation caused by thermal stress in the vicinity of the lower portion 12a of the core 12 that is said to be relatively easily deformed can be prevented. .

  As described above, the high-temperature gas G1 flowing into the inflow guide tube 16 from the gas inlet 30 first comes into contact with the first spiral pipe 51 and the second spiral pipe 52, and heat exchange with the cooling water W is performed. Made. For this reason, there is a possibility that the spiral pipes 51 and 52 become considerably hot. However, each of the spiral pipes 51 and 52 of this embodiment is an integrated body formed by spirally forming one metal pipe material, and there is no joint portion such as brazing, and the spiral pipes 51 and 52 are spirally wound. Therefore, it can be bent to some extent like a coil spring. For this reason, even if the spiral pipes 51 and 52 come into contact with the high temperature gas G1 and a thermal stress is generated, the spiral pipes 51 and 52 themselves can be bent and the stress can be released, and plastic deformation and damage due to the stress concentration can occur. It can be avoided.

  In practicing the present invention, for example, the shape and configuration of the housing that accommodates the core, the specific form of the plate constituting the core, the specific shape and configuration of the spiral pipe constituting the precooler, etc. Needless to say, the arrangement and the like can be modified as appropriate. A fluid other than cooling water may be used as the cooling medium.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Heat exchanger 11 ... Housing 12 ... Core 15 ... Core accommodating part 16 ... Inflow guide pipe | tube 30 ... Gas inflow port 40 ... Gas outflow port 50 ... Precooler 51 ... 1st spiral pipe 52 ... 2nd spiral pipe 70 ... Distribution control member (punching metal)
71 ... Rectifying plate 83, 84 ... Plate 91 ... First flow path 92 ... Second flow path

Claims (3)

A core formed by stacking a plurality of plates and forming a first flow path through which a high-temperature gas flows and a second flow path through which a cooling medium flows;
An inflow guide tube having a core housing portion that houses the core, a gas inlet and a gas outlet communicating with the core housing portion, and a flow passage cross-sectional area increases from the gas inlet toward the core housing portion. A housing having
; And a precooler which is placed on the inside of the inflow guide tube,
The precooler is spirally wound along the inner surface of the inflow guide tube from the gas inflow port toward the core housing portion so that the diameter increases, and the first spiral pipe through which the cooling medium flows. A second spiral pipe disposed inside the first spiral pipe and through which the cooling medium flows, and
The heat exchanger, wherein the second spiral pipe is disposed laterally with respect to the first spiral pipe so as to cross a gas flow flowing into the inflow guide tube from the gas inlet . The heat exchanger according to claim 1 , wherein a flow suppressing member made of a punching metal is disposed between the inflow guide tube and the core housing portion. 2. The heat exchanger according to claim 1 , wherein a rectifying plate is provided at a lower portion of the inflow guide tube to suppress a gas flowing in from the gas inlet toward the lower portion of the core.

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