JP5479851B2 - Solar panel cooling system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a solar panel cooling apparatus that cools a solar panel that generates power when irradiated with sunlight.

  In recent years, solar power generation systems have been introduced in buildings such as houses from the viewpoint of energy saving. In such a power generation system, power is generated by irradiating sunlight onto a solar panel installed on the roof of a building.

  This type of solar panel generally has the property that the power generation efficiency decreases as the temperature rises. For this reason, in the season with a large amount of solar radiation, particularly in the summer, the temperature of the solar panel rises significantly during the daytime, resulting in a problem that the power generation efficiency is significantly reduced. Therefore, various techniques for cooling the solar panel have been proposed as countermeasures. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for cooling a solar panel by dropping water onto the surface of a solar panel provided on a roof and evaporating the dropped water by the heat of the solar panel. Has been. According to this, since the solar panel can be cooled by the heat of vaporization of water, the amount of water can be reduced with less water than when the panel is water-cooled by flowing water over the surface of the solar panel (ie, water-cooled). The light panel can be cooled.

JP 2004-259797 A

  By the way, in the technique of the above-mentioned patent document 1, when the temperature of the solar panel is relatively low, for example, it is higher by several to ten and several degrees than a reference temperature (for example, 25 ° C.) that is a temperature at which a nominal maximum output is obtained. In this case, it is conceivable that the water dropped on the surface of the solar panel remains on the panel surface without being quickly vaporized. In this case, the solar panel cannot be sufficiently cooled, and as a result, a situation in which a decrease in power generation efficiency of the solar panel cannot be suppressed may occur.

  In addition, when water droplets dropped on the surface of the solar panel remain on the surface of the solar panel without being vaporized, the remaining water droplets cause irregular reflection of sunlight, and the sun absorbed by the solar panel. The amount of light may decrease. Therefore, in this case, not only the decrease in the power generation efficiency of the solar panel can be suppressed, but also the power generation efficiency may be further decreased.

  Such a problem is not only a problem that can occur only in a solar panel installed on a roof, but also a problem that can occur in other places on the outdoor side of a building, for example, a solar panel installed on an outer wall.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the said situation, and makes it the main objective to provide the solar panel cooling device which can suppress the fall of the power generation efficiency of a solar panel more reliably.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the solar panel cooling device of the first invention is a solar panel cooling device that cools a solar panel that generates power by being irradiated with sunlight, A spraying means for spraying mist-like water is provided.

  According to the present invention, since mist-like water is sprayed on the solar panel by the spraying means, the mist-like water adheres to the solar panel. Here, the mist-like water adhering to the solar panel is quickly vaporized by the heat of the solar panel, and the solar panel is quickly cooled by the heat of vaporization. Therefore, in this case, since the cooling efficiency of the solar panel can be increased, the decrease in the power generation efficiency of the solar panel can be more reliably suppressed.

  Moreover, even if the water sprayed from the spraying means adheres to the surface of the solar panel, the adhered water is quickly vaporized, so that it is difficult for water droplets to remain on the surface. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the disadvantage that the remaining water droplets cause diffused reflection of sunlight and the amount of sunlight absorbed by the solar panel is reduced, and as a result, it is possible to suppress a decrease in power generation efficiency of the solar panel. Can do.

  In the solar panel cooling device of the second invention, in the first invention, the panel temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the solar panel, and the temperature of the solar panel detected by the panel temperature detecting means are predetermined. Spray control means for spraying water by the spray means when the temperature is higher than the temperature.

  According to the present invention, when the temperature of the solar panel becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature, water spraying is automatically performed on the solar panel by the spraying means. Can be increased.

  In the solar panel cooling device of the third invention, in the first or second invention, a panel temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the solar panel and a particle size of water sprayed from the spraying means are adjusted. A particle size adjusting unit; and a particle size controlling unit that controls the particle size adjusting unit to adjust the particle size of the water based on the temperature of the solar panel detected by the panel temperature detecting unit. It is characterized by.

  According to the present invention, the particle size of water sprayed from the spraying means can be adjusted according to the temperature of the solar panel. Therefore, for example, when the temperature of the solar panel is relatively low, that is, when it is difficult to vaporize water in the solar panel, vaporization is promoted by reducing the particle size of water sprayed from the spraying means. Can do. Moreover, when the temperature of a solar panel is comparatively high, the vaporization amount of water can be increased and the vaporization can be promoted by increasing the particle size of water. Thereby, promotion of vaporization according to the temperature of a solar panel can be aimed at.

  A solar panel cooling apparatus according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is the solar panel cooling device according to any one of the first to third aspects of the invention, sprayed from the wind condition detecting means for detecting the condition of the wind flowing around the solar panel and the spray means. A particle size adjusting unit for adjusting the particle size of water; and a particle size control unit for controlling the particle size adjusting unit to adjust the particle size of the water based on the wind condition detected by the wind condition detecting unit; It is characterized by providing.

  Depending on the situation of the wind blown around the solar panel, the water sprayed from the spray means may be blown by the wind and not reach the solar panel. Therefore, in the present invention, in view of this point, the particle size of water sprayed from the spraying means is adjusted according to the state of the wind flowing around the solar panel. Here, as a wind condition, for example, a wind direction, an air volume, or the like can be considered. Thus, for example, even when the spraying means is located on the leeward side or when the air volume is large, by increasing the particle size of the water sprayed from the spraying means, the sprayed water reaches the solar panel against the wind. It becomes possible to make it.

  A solar panel cooling device according to a fifth aspect of the invention is characterized in that, in any of the first to fourth aspects of the invention, the solar panel cooling device includes a changing unit that changes a water spray range by the spraying unit.

  According to the present invention, since the spray range of water by the spray means can be changed, for example, by changing the spray range of water according to the wind condition, the solar panel is cooled regardless of the wind condition. It becomes possible. In addition, as a structure of a change means, the structure which enables the spray means to move along the edge of a solar panel, the structure which enables the spray means to swing, etc. are mentioned.

  A solar panel cooling device of a sixth invention is applied to a solar panel provided in a building in any one of the first to fifth inventions, and the solar panel is from a roof surface or an outer wall surface of the building. The spraying means sprays mist of water on the back surface of the solar panel.

  According to the present invention, since the mist of water is sprayed on the back surface of the solar panel by the spraying means, it is possible to suppress the sprayed water from being scattered upward by the solar panel. Thereby, since the sprayed water can be reliably made to adhere and vaporize with a solar panel, the cooling efficiency of a solar panel can be improved.

  A solar panel cooling device of a seventh invention is applied to a solar panel provided in a building in any one of the first to sixth inventions, and the solar panel is a roof inclined downward toward the eaves. It is installed on the top, The said spraying means sprays mist-like water with respect to the said solar panel from the eaves side of the said solar panel.

  In general, on roofs that slope downward toward the eaves, such as gable roofs or dormitory roofs, when the temperature of the solar panel rises in fine weather, upward airflow flows from the eaves side toward the ridge side on the roof It is possible. Therefore, in the present invention, focusing on this point, spray means is provided on the eaves side of the solar panel, and mist water is sprayed on the panel from the eaves side of the solar panel by the spray means. In this case, since the mist-like water sprayed from the spraying means can be carried on the rising airflow and fly to the solar panel side, it is convenient when attaching the mist-like water to the solar panel.

  The solar panel cooling apparatus according to an eighth aspect of the present invention is the solar system cooling apparatus according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, wherein the spraying means sprays mist of water on the surface of the solar panel, and the spraying means. A restricting member for restricting the water sprayed by the spraying means from being scattered upward is provided above the jetting portion.

  When water is sprayed on the surface of the solar panel by the spraying means, it is conceivable that the sprayed water scatters upward due to the influence of wind or the like. Therefore, in the present invention, in view of this point, a restriction member that restricts the sprayed water from scattering upward is provided above the spraying means. Thereby, in the case of spraying water on the surface of the solar panel, the sprayed water can be more reliably attached to the surface of the solar panel and vaporized, so that the cooling effect of the solar panel can be enhanced.

  A solar panel cooling apparatus according to a ninth aspect of the present invention is the solar panel cooling apparatus according to any one of the first to eighth aspects, wherein the solar panel includes a heat dissipation member that releases heat of the solar panel, and the spraying unit includes: A mist of water is sprayed on the heat radiating member.

  According to the present invention, since the mist-like water is sprayed on the heat radiating member by the spray means, the mist-like water adheres to the heat radiating member and is vaporized. In this case, the heat radiating member is cooled by the heat of vaporization of water, and as a result, the solar panel can be cooled. Thereby, it becomes possible to promote cooling of a solar panel.

The perspective view which shows the whole building in which the solar panel cooling device was installed. The side view around a solar panel. The perspective view which shows the arrangement | positioning state of the spray nozzle in another example. The top view which shows the spray nozzle which can move. The top view which shows the spray nozzle which can be swung. The side view which shows the case where it sprays on the surface of a solar panel. The side view which shows the spray nozzle which can be sprayed on the front and back of a solar panel. The side view which shows the solar panel provided with the heat sink.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, FIG. 1 is a perspective view which shows the whole building where the solar panel cooling device was installed, and FIG. 2 is a side view around the solar panel.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the building 10 of this embodiment is provided with the building main body 11 and the roof 12 arrange | positioned above the building main body 11, and the roof 12 is a gable-type roof. The roof 12 is provided with a solar panel 15 that generates power when irradiated with sunlight. As shown in FIG. 2, the solar panel 15 is installed on the roof 12 via the legs 16, and therefore, the back surface of the solar panel 15 and the roof surface 18 are separated from each other. The solar panel 15 is provided so that its panel surface is substantially parallel to the roof surface 18.

  Returning to the description of FIG. 1, the solar panel 15 is provided with a panel temperature detection sensor 17 as a panel temperature detection means. The panel temperature detection sensor 17 detects the surface temperature of the solar panel 15, and is provided on the surface of the solar panel 15, for example.

  The building 10 is provided with a solar panel cooling device 20 for cooling the solar panel 15. The solar panel 15 has a property that the power generation efficiency is lowered when the temperature is increased, and the solar panel 15 is significantly reduced particularly in summer. Therefore, in this embodiment, the solar panel 15 is cooled by the solar panel cooling device 20. The present embodiment has a feature in the configuration of the solar panel cooling device 20, and details thereof will be described below.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the solar panel cooling device 20 includes a spray nozzle 21, a water supply pipe 22, an open / close valve 23, an air supply pipe 24, and a compressor 25 as spray means.

  The spray nozzle 21 sprays mist-like water onto the solar panel 15. The spray nozzle 21 is constituted by a two-fluid nozzle, and generates and sprays mist-like water by mixing water and compressed air supplied to the nozzle 21 in the nozzle 21. In more detail, the spray nozzle 21 produces | generates and ejects the water of the particle size according to the air pressure of the supplied compressed air. A plurality of spray nozzles 21 (three in FIG. 1) are provided on the roof 12 closer to the eaves 13 than the solar panel 15, and each of these spray nozzles 21 is provided at the edge of the solar panel 15 on the eaves 13 side. Are arranged at predetermined intervals along.

  One or a plurality of jet nozzles 21 a are formed at the tip of the spray nozzle 21. The jet port 21a has a flat shape with different vertical and horizontal dimensions of the opening. The spray nozzle 21 is installed such that the direction in which the opening of the jet port 21 a extends is parallel to the panel surface of the solar panel 15. Thereby, the spray flow which is flat and spreads along the panel surface is formed by the spray nozzle 21. Moreover, it may replace with the structure which makes the jet nozzle 21a flat, for example, you may form a flat spray flow by arrange | positioning the circular jet nozzle 21a side by side. In this case, the spray nozzle 21 is installed so that the direction in which the ejection ports 21 a are arranged is parallel to the panel surface of the solar panel 15.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the main spray nozzle 21 sprays water from the eaves 13 side to the back surface of the solar panel 15 rather than the solar panel 15. The spray nozzle 21 is provided on the eaves 13 side of the solar panel 15 so that a spout 21a from which water is spouted is directed toward the ridge 14 side of the roof 12. The spray nozzle 21 a of the spray nozzle 21 is disposed at an intermediate position between the solar panel 15 (in detail, the back surface thereof) and the roof surface 18 in a direction orthogonal to the roof surface 18. Therefore, mist-like water is sprayed from the spray nozzle 21 along the back surface of the solar panel 15 (in other words, between the panel 15 and the roof surface 18) toward the ridge 14, Thereby, water is sprayed on the back surface of the solar panel 15.

  A water supply pipe 22 that supplies water to each spray nozzle 21 is connected to each spray nozzle 21. The water supply pipe 22 is branched from a water pipe for supplying water to the watering equipment of the building 10, and is led along the outer wall surface of the building body 11 to each spray nozzle 21 on the roof 12. ing.

  The water supply pipe 22 is provided with an open / close valve 23 that permits or prohibits the flow of water flowing through the water supply pipe 22. The opening / closing valve 23 performs an opening / closing operation by electrical operation.

  Each spray nozzle 21 is connected to an air supply pipe 24 that supplies compressed air to each spray nozzle 21. In FIG. 1, for convenience, the air supply pipe 24 is shown as a part of the common line with the water supply pipe 22, but the air supply pipe 24 is led to each spray nozzle 21 without joining the water supply pipe 22. It is.

  The air supply pipe 24 is provided with a compressor 25 that generates compressed air. When the compressor 25 is operated, compressed air is generated, and the compressed air is supplied to the spray nozzle 21 through the air supply pipe 24. Moreover, the compressor 25 of this embodiment can adjust the air pressure of compressed air, and the particle size (fineness of mist) of water ejected from the spray nozzle 21 by adjusting the air pressure is 1 to 100 μm. It can be adjusted within the range. Specifically, the particle size of water is adjusted to be smaller as the compressed air pressure is higher.

  Next, the operation of the solar panel cooling device 20 configured as described above will be described.

  When the opening / closing valve 23 is opened and the compressor 25 is driven, water is supplied to the spray nozzle 21 through the water supply pipe 22 and compressed air is supplied through the air supply pipe 24. Thereby, in the spray nozzle 21, water and compressed air are mixed to generate mist-like water, and the mist-like water is sprayed from the spray nozzle 21 onto the back surface of the solar panel 15. The sprayed water adheres to the back surface of the solar panel 15 and is quickly vaporized by the heat of the solar panel 15 on the back surface, and the solar panel 15 is cooled by the heat of vaporization.

  On the other hand, when the opening / closing valve 23 is closed and the driving of the compressor 25 is stopped, the supply of water and compressed air to the spray nozzle 21 is stopped. Thereby, spraying of the water to the solar panel 15 by the spray nozzle 21 is stopped.

  Next, the electrical configuration of the solar panel cooling device 20 will be described.

  The building 10 is provided with a controller 30 as control means. The controller 30 is mainly composed of a known microcomputer having a CPU or the like, and is provided on the outer wall surface of the building main body 11, for example.

  A panel temperature detection sensor 17 is connected to the input side of the controller 30. The detection results are sequentially input from the panel temperature detection sensor 17 to the controller 30.

  A compressor 25 and an open / close valve 23 are connected to the output side of the controller 30. The controller 30 outputs a command signal to the compressor 25 and the on-off valve 23 based on the detection result from the panel temperature detection sensor 17.

  Next, an outline of control by the controller 30 based on the detection result of the panel temperature will be described. The controller 30 has a spray processing function for performing spray processing based on the detection result of the panel temperature detection sensor 17 and a particle size adjustment function for adjusting the particle size of water to be sprayed based on the detection result of the panel temperature detection sensor 17. And.

  First, an outline of control by the spray processing function will be described. The controller 30 determines whether the surface temperature of the solar panel 15 is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature T1 based on the detection result input from the panel temperature detection sensor 17. Here, the predetermined temperature T1 is set to a reference temperature which is a nominal maximum output, for example. In the present embodiment, the reference temperature is 20 ° C. When the controller 30 determines that the surface temperature of the solar panel 15 is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature T <b> 1, the controller 30 outputs an open signal to the open / close valve 23 and outputs a drive signal to the compressor 25. In this case, when the opening / closing valve 23 is opened, water is supplied to the spray nozzle 21 through the water supply pipe 22, and the compressor 25 is driven to supply compressed air to the spray nozzle 21 through the air supply pipe 24. Thereby, spraying to the solar panel 15 by the spray nozzle 21 is performed. If spraying by the spray nozzle 21 has already been performed, spraying is continued as it is.

  On the other hand, when the controller 30 determines that the surface temperature of the solar panel 15 is not equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature T1, the controller 30 outputs a closing signal to the opening / closing valve 23 and stops outputting the driving signal to the compressor 25. In this case, the supply of water to the spray nozzle 21 is stopped when the on-off valve 23 is closed, and the supply of compressed air to the spray nozzle 21 is stopped when the compressor 25 stops driving. Thereby, spraying to the solar panel 15 by the spray nozzle 21 stops. In addition, when the spraying by the spray nozzle 21 has already stopped, the stop state is continued.

  In the above control, the surface temperature of the solar panel 15 at which spraying is started (hereinafter referred to as start temperature) and the surface temperature of the solar panel 15 at which spraying is stopped (hereinafter referred to as stop temperature) are the same temperature ( Although the predetermined temperature is 20 ° C., these temperatures are not necessarily the same, and both temperatures may have hysteresis. Specifically, for example, it is conceivable to set the stop temperature to a temperature lower than the start temperature (such as 18 ° C.).

  Next, an outline of control by the particle size adjustment function will be described. During the spraying by the spray nozzle 21, the controller 30 adjusts the drive signal output to the compressor 25 based on the detection result input from the panel temperature detection sensor 17, thereby supplying the spray nozzle 21 from the compressor 25. Adjust the compressed air pressure. Specifically, the higher the surface temperature of the solar panel 15 detected by the panel temperature detection sensor 17, the larger the particle size of water sprayed from the spray nozzle 21 so as to lower the air pressure of the compressed air. Adjust so that Thereby, since the particle size of the water sprayed from the spray nozzle 21 becomes small when the surface temperature of the solar panel 15 is low, vaporization can be promoted. On the other hand, when the surface temperature of the solar panel 15 is high, the particle size of the water sprayed from the spray nozzle 21 increases, so that the amount of water vaporized can be increased and the cooling efficiency of the solar panel 15 can be increased. .

  As mentioned above, according to the structure of this embodiment explained in full detail, the following outstanding effects are acquired.

  On the roof 12 of the building 10, a spray nozzle 21 that sprays mist-like water onto the solar panel 15 was provided. In this case, the mist water sprayed from the spray nozzle 21 adheres to the solar panel 15 and is quickly vaporized by the heat of the solar panel 15, and the solar panel 15 is quickly cooled by the heat of vaporization. . Therefore, in this case, since the cooling efficiency of the solar panel 15 can be increased, a decrease in power generation efficiency of the solar panel 15 can be more reliably suppressed.

  It was set as the structure which sprays fog-like water with the spray nozzle 21 with respect to the back surface of the solar panel 15 provided spaced apart with respect to the roof surface 18. FIG. In this case, since the sprayed water can be prevented from scattering upward, the sprayed water can be reliably attached and vaporized by the solar panel 15. Thereby, the cooling efficiency of the solar panel 15 can be improved. Moreover, in this case, since it is possible to more reliably suppress water from adhering to the surface of the solar panel 15, the water adhering to the same surface causes irregular reflection of sunlight, and the power generation efficiency of the solar panel 15 is reduced. This can be suppressed more reliably.

  Moreover, even if the water sprayed from the spray nozzle 21 adheres to the surface of the solar panel 15, the attached water is quickly vaporized, so that it is difficult for water droplets to remain on the surface. Accordingly, it is possible to suppress the disadvantage that the remaining water droplets cause diffused reflection of sunlight and reduce the amount of sunlight absorbed by the solar panel 15, and consequently suppress a decrease in power generation efficiency of the solar panel 15. be able to.

  It was set as the structure which sprays mist-like water with the spray nozzle 21 from the eaves edge 13 side of the panel 15 with respect to the solar panel 15 installed in the inclined roof surface 18. FIG. In this case, since the mist-like water sprayed from the spray nozzle 21 can be carried on the rising airflow flowing on the roof 12 from the eaves 13 side toward the ridge 14 side, it can fly to the solar panel 15 side. It is convenient when adhering mist-like water to the light panel 15.

  A panel temperature detection sensor 17 for detecting the surface temperature of the solar panel 15 is provided, and the particle size of water sprayed from the spray nozzle 21 is adjusted based on the surface temperature of the solar panel 15 detected by the sensor 17. It was. Specifically, it was decided to adjust so that the particle size of water becomes larger as the surface temperature of the solar panel 15 is higher. Thereby, when the surface temperature of the solar panel 15 is relatively low, that is, when it is difficult to vaporize water in the solar panel 15, vaporization can be promoted by reducing the particle size of the water. When the surface temperature of the solar panel 15 is relatively high, the amount of vaporization can be increased and the vaporization can be promoted by increasing the particle size of water. Therefore, in this case, it is possible to promote vaporization according to the surface temperature of the solar panel 15.

  A panel temperature detection sensor 17 for detecting the surface temperature of the solar panel 15 is provided, and when the surface temperature of the solar panel 15 detected by the sensor 17 is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature T1, water is sprayed by the spray nozzle 21. To stop. Thereby, when the surface temperature of the solar panel 15 becomes equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature T1, the spraying of water by the spray nozzle 21 is automatically started, so that convenience is improved in cooling the solar panel 15. it can.

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and may be implemented as follows, for example.

  (1) In the said embodiment, it was set as the structure which sprays water with the spray nozzle 21 toward the building 14 side (the solar panel 15) from the eaves edge 13 side rather than the solar panel 15. FIG. That is, in the said embodiment, although it was set as the structure which sprays water with respect to the solar panel 15 from one direction, it is good also as a structure which changes this and sprays water from several directions. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, spray nozzles 21 are arranged around the solar panel 15 so as to correspond to the respective sides of the panel 15 (that is, on the four sides of the solar panel 15). You may spray water on the solar panel 15 by each spray nozzle 21 arrange | positioned at four directions. In this case, water is sprayed on the solar panel 15 from four directions. Specifically, in FIG. 3, three spray nozzles 21 are respectively provided on both sides of the solar panel 15 in the inclination direction of the roof 12, and sunlight in the width direction of the roof 12 (the direction in which the eaves 13 extend). Two spray nozzles 21 are provided on both sides of the panel 15.

  The water supply pipe 31 is branched in four directions on the upstream side of the open / close valve 23, and the branched water pipes 32 are connected to the spray nozzles 21 provided in the four directions of the solar panel 15. Yes. Further, the air supply pipe 33 is branched into four directions in the middle, and the branched air pipes 34 are connected to the four spray nozzles 21 of the solar panel 15. In FIG. 3, for convenience, each branch air pipe 34 is illustrated by a common line with each branch water pipe 32, but each branch air pipe 34 extends to each spray nozzle 21 without joining the branch water pipe 32. Led.

  According to the above configuration, water can be supplied to each of the four spray nozzles 21 of the solar panel 15 through the water supply pipe 31 and the branch water pipe 32, and compressed air can be supplied through the air supply pipe 33 and the branch air pipe 34. Further, fog water can be sprayed on the panel 15 simultaneously from the four sides of the solar panel 15. As a result, even when wind is blowing around the solar panel 15, at least one of the water sprayed in the four directions (for example, water sprayed in the same direction as the wind direction) is applied to the solar panel 15. Can be reached. Therefore, a decrease in power generation efficiency of the solar panel 15 can be more reliably suppressed.

  (2) In the configuration of (1) above, the building 10 is provided with a wind direction detection sensor 35 for detecting the direction of the wind around the solar panel 15, and the controller is based on the direction of the wind detected by the wind direction detection sensor 35. You may control to switch the spray nozzle 21 which sprays on the solar panel 15. FIG. For example, based on the detection result of the wind direction detection sensor 35, it is conceivable to perform control so that spraying is performed by the spray nozzle 21 provided on the windward side with respect to the solar panel 15. Specifically, a water switching valve (not shown) for switching the branch water pipe 32 to be connected (communicated) to the water supply pipe 31 is provided at a connection portion between the water supply pipe 31 and each branch water pipe 32. In addition, an air switching valve (not shown) for switching the branch air pipe 34 to be connected to the air supply pipe 33 to any one is provided at a connection portion between the air supply pipe 33 and each branch air pipe 34. Based on the detection result of the wind direction detection sensor 35, the water switching valve and the air switching valve are controlled so as to spray water from the spray nozzle 21 provided on the windward side of the solar panel 15. In this case, since the water sprayed from the spray nozzle 21 can be put on the wind and can fly over a wide area (substantially the entire area) of the solar panel 15, even when the wind is blowing around the solar panel 15 The cooling effect of the solar panel 15 by water can be enhanced.

  (3) In the above-described embodiment, the spray nozzle 21 along the panel surface (in detail, the back surface) of the solar panel 15 from the eaves 13 side of the solar panel 15 (in other words, from the edge side of the solar panel 15). Although more water was sprayed, this may be changed and sprayed from above or below the solar panel 15 toward the panel surface of the solar panel 15. In short, as long as the solar panel 15 can be sprayed with water, it may be sprayed in any manner.

  (4) You may comprise so that the spray range of the water by the spray nozzle 21 can be changed. For example, it is conceivable to change the spray range of water on the solar panel 15 by configuring the spray nozzle 21 to be movable along the edge of the solar panel 15. A specific example is shown in FIG. As shown to Fig.4 (a), the spray nozzle 21 is provided so that a movement along the edge by the side of the eaves 13 of the solar panel 15 is possible. A rail 41 is provided on the roof 12 so as to extend along the edge (on the eaves 13 side) of the panel 15 on the eaves 13 side of the solar panel 15. The rail 41 has substantially the same length as the edge length of the eaves 13 side of the solar panel 15. The spray nozzle 21 is provided on the rail 41 and is movable along the rail 41.

  As shown in FIG. 4 (b), the spray nozzle 21 has a rotating body 45 such as a rotatable wheel at the lower part thereof. Is provided. The spray nozzle 21 is provided with a motor 46 for rotating the rotating body 45. The motor 46 is configured by a known electric motor. When the motor 46 is driven, the rotating body 45 rotates to either side, and accordingly, the spray nozzle 21 moves to either side along the rail 41. The motor 46 is driven and controlled by the controller 30. The controller 30 drives and controls the motor 46 so that the spray nozzle 21 reciprocates along the rail 41.

  According to the said structure, since the spray nozzle 21 moves along the rail 41, since the water can be sprayed to the whole solar panel 15 with one spray nozzle 21, the suppression of the cost accompanying the increase in the number of spray nozzles 21 is suppressed. Can be planned. In particular, a large effect can be expected in the case of a large-sized solar panel that requires a large number of spray nozzles 21.

  In addition, when cooling the solar panel 15, it is good to perform spraying, moving a spray position. Moreover, you may change the spray range according to a wind direction.

  Moreover, you may change the spray range of the water with respect to the solar panel 15 by comprising so that the direction which sprays water with the spray nozzle 21 can be changed. In this case, for example, it is conceivable that the direction in which water is sprayed by the spray nozzle can be changed by configuring the spray nozzle to be able to swing. An example is shown in FIG. The spray nozzle 21 shown in FIG. 5 is provided at the approximate center in the width direction of the solar panel 15 on the eaves 13 side. The spray nozzle 21 is supported by a rotatable rotary stage (not shown). The rotary stage has a rotation axis (not shown) orthogonal to the roof surface 18 and is rotatable about the rotation axis. A motor 53 is connected to the rotation shaft, and the rotation stage is rotated by driving the motor 53, so that the spray nozzle 21 is rotated. The motor 53 is driven and controlled by the controller 30. The controller 30 drives and controls the motor 53 to rotate the rotary stage so that the spray nozzle 21 swings. Specifically, the spray nozzle 21 swings between a position where the jet nozzle 21a of the spray nozzle 21 faces one end in the width direction (direction orthogonal to the tilt direction) of the solar panel 15 and a position facing the other end. Be operated. In this case, since the spray nozzle 21 can be swung to spray water on the entire solar panel 15, the number of the spray nozzles 21 is the same as the above configuration (FIG. 4) in which the spray nozzles 21 are movable. Costs associated with the increase can be reduced.

  In addition, when cooling the solar panel 15, it is good to perform spraying, making the spray nozzle 21 swing. Moreover, you may change the spray range according to a wind direction.

  (5) In the said embodiment, although it was set as the structure which sprays water with respect to the back surface of the solar panel 15 with the spray nozzle 21, this is changed and it is with respect to the surface of the solar panel 15 as shown in FIG. You may make it spray water. In this case, it is desirable to provide a restricting member that restricts the sprayed water sprayed from the spray nozzle 60 from scattering upward. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, the restricting member 61 is formed of, for example, a metal plate material, and includes a fixed plate portion 61 a fixed to the roof surface 18 and an end portion of the fixed plate portion 61 a on the eaves 13 side. And an upright plate portion 61b bent upward from the top, and a restricting plate portion 61c bent from the upper end of the upright plate portion 61b toward the ridge 14 in the inclination direction of the roof 12. The restricting plate portion 61 c is provided so as to straddle the upper side of the spray nozzle 60 and the upper side of the solar panel 15. In this case, since water sprayed from the spray nozzle 60 can be restricted from being scattered upward by the wind, the water sprayed on the surface of the solar panel 15 more reliably adheres to the same surface. Can be vaporized. Therefore, the cooling efficiency of the solar panel 15 can be increased.

  Moreover, also when spraying water on the surface of the solar panel 15, the structure of said (4) which can change the spray range of the water by the spray nozzle 21 is applicable.

  (6) The panel surface of the solar panel 15 on which water is sprayed by the spray nozzle 21 may be switchable. A specific example is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, a nozzle support member 65 formed in a cylindrical shape is provided on the roof 12. The nozzle support member 65 is provided with a pair of spray nozzles 66 arranged vertically. The spray nozzle 66A provided on the upper side of the pair of spray nozzles 66 sprays mist-like water on the surface of the solar panel 15, and the spray nozzle 66B provided on the lower side is the sun. A mist of water is sprayed on the back surface of the optical panel 15. The upstream end of the water supply pipe 67 is branched in two directions, and each of the branched water pipes 68 is connected to the spray nozzles 66A and 66B, respectively. Similarly, the upstream end of the air supply pipe 69 is also branched in two directions, and the branched air pipes 70 are connected to the spray nozzles 66A and 66B, respectively. In FIG. 7, for convenience, the water supply pipe 67 and the air supply pipe 69 are illustrated as a common pipe, and each branch water pipe 68 and each branch air pipe 70 are illustrated as a common pipe. .

  A water switching valve 72 is provided at a connection portion between the water supply pipe 67 and each branch water pipe 68. The water switching valve 72 switches the branch water pipe 68 connected to the water supply pipe 67 to any one. An air switching valve 73 is provided at the connection between the air supply pipe 69 and each of the branch water pipes 68. The air switching valve 73 switches the branch air pipe 70 connected to the air supply pipe 69 to any one. These switching valves 72 and 73 are provided inside the nozzle support member 65. In FIG. 7, these valves 72 and 73 are shown in common for convenience.

  In this case, since the water can be sprayed from any one of the pair of spray nozzles 66A and 66B by switching the connection using the switching valves 72 and 73, the panel surface on which water is sprayed is switched between the front and the back. Can do. Therefore, for example, when the wind is strong, spraying on the back surface of the solar panel 15 prevents the sprayed water from being scattered by the wind, or when the wind is weak or not, the surface of the solar panel 15 It is possible to cool the surface side that is relatively hot by receiving sunlight by spraying. That is, in this case, appropriate spraying can be performed according to outdoor conditions such as wind strength.

  Moreover, you may make it switch the front and back of the solar panel 15 in which water is sprayed by the spray nozzle 21 by comprising so that the direction of the jet nozzle 21a of the spray nozzle 21 can be switched up and down.

  (7) In the above embodiment, the particle size of the water sprayed from the spray nozzle 21 is adjusted based on the surface temperature of the solar panel 15, but this may be changed. For example, a wind direction detection sensor that detects the direction of the wind around the solar panel 15 is provided on the roof 12 of the building 10 and the water sprayed from the spray nozzle 21 based on the direction of the wind detected by the wind direction detection sensor. It is good also as a structure which adjusts a particle size. Specifically, when the wind direction detected by the wind direction detection sensor is the wind direction from the solar panel 15 side toward the spray nozzle 21 side, the particle size of water sprayed from the spray nozzle 21 is increased. It is possible to adjust. Thereby, even when the spray nozzle 21 is located on the leeward side, the water sprayed from the spray nozzle 21 can reach the wide area of the solar panel 15 against the wind.

  Moreover, the air volume detection sensor which detects the wind volume of the solar panel 15 periphery is provided in the roof 12 grade | etc., Of the building 10, and the particle size of the water sprayed from the spray nozzle 21 based on the wind volume detected by this air volume detection sensor. It is good also as a structure which adjusts. Specifically, it can be considered that the particle size of the water sprayed from the spray nozzle 21 is increased as the air volume detected by the air volume detection sensor is increased. Thereby, for example, even when a strong wind is blowing in a direction perpendicular to the spraying direction of water, the sprayed water is prevented from being swept away by the wind by increasing the particle size of the water sprayed from the spray nozzle 21. can do. Therefore, even in such a case, water sprayed from the spray nozzle 21 can reach a wide area of the solar panel 15.

  Furthermore, it is good also as a structure which provides the humidity detection sensor which detects the humidity of external air in the building 10, and adjusts the particle size of the water sprayed from the spray nozzle 21 based on the humidity detected by the humidity detection sensor. Specifically, it is conceivable to adjust the water particle size so that the higher the humidity detected by the humidity detection sensor, the smaller the water particle size. In general, water is difficult to vaporize under high humidity conditions, and if the sprayed water has a large particle size, the water is not vaporized, and as a result, the cooling efficiency of the solar panel 15 may be reduced. In that respect, if it controls as mentioned above, since it can make it easy to vaporize water by making the particle | grains of the sprayed water small even when humidity is high, the fall of the cooling efficiency of the solar panel 15 is suppressed. be able to.

  (8) You may adjust the particle size of the water sprayed from the spray nozzle 21 according to the elapsed time after the spray of water was started from the spray nozzle 21. For example, it can be considered that the particle size of water is adjusted to be smaller as time elapses after the spraying of water is started. Usually, the temperature of the solar panel 15 decreases as time elapses after the spraying of water is started. For this reason, when a long time has elapsed after the start of spraying, water becomes difficult to vaporize, and as a result, the cooling efficiency of the solar panel 15 decreases. In that respect, if the particle size is adjusted as described above, vaporization can be promoted even after a long time has elapsed since the start of spraying, so that a decrease in cooling efficiency can be suppressed.

  (9) A solar radiation amount detection sensor for detecting the solar radiation amount may be provided in the building 10, and the controller may spray the spray nozzle 21 based on the solar radiation amount detected by the sensor. Specifically, the controller predicts the temperature rise of the solar panel 15 based on the amount of solar radiation detected by the sensor, and sprays water by the spray nozzle 21 in advance before the solar panel 15 reaches a predetermined temperature or higher. It is conceivable to perform control so that In this case, it can be expected to avoid the situation where the power generation efficiency of the solar panel 15 is lowered. In addition, instead of or in addition to the solar radiation amount detection sensor, an outside air temperature detection sensor that detects the outside air temperature may be used. Also in this case, the temperature rise of the solar panel 15 can be predicted based on the outside air temperature (or the outside air temperature and the amount of solar radiation). Moreover, it is good also as a structure which replaces with a solar radiation amount sensor (or external temperature sensor), and acquires the information of solar radiation amount (or external temperature) through the internet etc. FIG.

  (10) When the solar panel cooling device 20 is used under strong wind, it is considered that water sprayed from the spray nozzle 21 is scattered by the wind and does not reach the solar panel 15. In this case, since the sprayed water is wasted, it is not preferable. Therefore, in view of this point, the building 10 is provided with an air volume sensor for detecting the air volume in the vicinity of the solar panel 15, and when the air volume detected by the air volume sensor exceeds a predetermined level, the controller 25 It may be controlled to stop the driving and close the open / close valve 23. Then, when the wind around the solar panel 15 becomes strong, the spraying by the spray nozzle 21 can be stopped, so that useless spraying can be avoided.

  (11) As shown in FIG. 8, a heat radiating plate 71 for releasing the heat of the solar panel 15 is provided on the back side of the solar panel 15, and the spray nozzle 21 is provided on the heat radiating plate 71 in addition to the solar panel 15. You may make it spray mist-like water by. In this case, since the solar panel 15 can be cooled also by cooling the heat sink 71, the cooling efficiency of the solar panel 15 can be increased. In addition, it is good also as a structure which sprays water only with respect to the heat sink 71, and does not spray water with respect to the solar panel 15. FIG.

  (12) In the above embodiment, the case where the solar panel cooling device of the present invention is applied to the solar panel 15 spaced from the roof surface 18 has been described. The present invention may be applied to the solar panel 15 placed directly on the roof surface 18 without passing through the legs 16. However, in this case, since water cannot be sprayed on the back side of the solar panel 15, the spray nozzle 21 is installed so as to spray water on the surface of the solar panel 15.

  (13) In addition to spraying water onto the solar panel 15 with the spray nozzle 21, liquids other than water, such as cleaning liquid, may be sprayed onto the solar panel 15. For example, as a configuration for spraying the cleaning liquid on the surface of the solar panel 15, a cleaning liquid tank in which the cleaning liquid is stored is installed on the outer wall surface of the building body 11, and the branch pipe that connects the cleaning liquid tank and the water supply pipe 22. The cleaning liquid in the cleaning liquid tank may be supplied to the spray nozzle 21 through the branch pipe and the water supply pipe 22. In this case, since the cleaning liquid can be sprayed on the surface of the solar panel 15 from the spray nozzle 21, the surface can be cleaned when it is dirty.

  (14) In the above embodiment, tap water is used as water sprayed from the spray nozzle 21, but tap water is not necessarily used. For example, it is good also as a structure which installs the tank which stores rainwater on the roof 12, etc., and supplies the rainwater stored in the tank to the spray nozzle 21 with a pump. In this case, since tap water can be saved, it is economical.

  (15) A storage battery for storing the power generated by the solar panel 15 is installed in the building 10, and the solar panel cooling device 20 (specifically, the opening / closing valve 23 and the compressor 25 is used by using the power stored in the storage battery. ) May be operated. By doing so, energy can be saved when the solar panel 15 is cooled.

  (16) The building 10 is provided with power amount determination means for determining whether or not the amount of power used in the building 10 is greater than or equal to a predetermined amount, and spraying water with the spray nozzle 21 based on the determination result by the determination means. You may make it implement. Thereby, when there is a large amount of power usage in the building 10, that is, when it is highly necessary to increase the power generation efficiency of the solar panel 15, water spraying by the spray nozzle 21 is performed, or the power usage in the building 10 is low. In the case of few or zero, that is, when the necessity of increasing the power generation efficiency of the solar panel 15 is low, the spraying of water by the spray nozzle 21 can be stopped. That is, it is possible to avoid unnecessary spraying of water by spraying water with the spray nozzle 21 only when there is a high need to increase power generation efficiency.

  Here, as the electric energy determination means, a human detection sensor for detecting the presence or absence of a person in the building 10 is provided in the building 10, and the electric power consumption is a predetermined amount or more based on the presence or absence of a person in the building 10. It is conceivable to determine whether or not. In general, it is assumed that when there is no person in the building 10, the amount of power used in the building 10 decreases or becomes zero, while when there is a person, the amount of power used increases. Therefore, with this configuration, it is possible to specifically determine whether or not the power usage amount is a predetermined amount or more. Instead of the human detection sensor, the presence / absence of a person in the building 10 may be detected by using a biological information detection sensor that detects human biological information (for example, a person's body temperature or breathing) in the building 10. Good.

  Moreover, it is good also as a structure which provides the indoor temperature detection sensor which detects indoor temperature in the building 10 as an electric energy determination means, and determines whether electric power consumption is more than predetermined amount based on indoor temperature. In general, in summer when the power generation efficiency of the solar panel 15 tends to decrease, it is assumed that the air conditioner (cooling) is operated indoors when the indoor temperature is relatively low. Therefore, in this case, it is conceivable that the power consumption increases. Therefore, with this configuration, it is possible to specifically determine whether or not the power usage is equal to or greater than a predetermined amount.

  Furthermore, in this case, an outdoor temperature detection sensor for detecting the outdoor temperature is provided in the building 10, and it is determined whether or not the power consumption is a predetermined amount or more based on the outdoor temperature in addition to the indoor temperature. May be. Specifically, it is conceivable to calculate a temperature difference between the two temperatures based on the indoor temperature and the outdoor temperature, and determine whether or not the power consumption is equal to or greater than a predetermined amount based on the temperature difference. . In general, when the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor is large, it is assumed that the air-conditioner is operated indoors and the amount of power used is increased. Therefore, with this configuration, whether or not the amount of power used is a predetermined amount or more. This can be specifically determined.

  (17) In the above-described embodiment, a two-fluid nozzle is adopted as the spray nozzle 21 and water is mixed with compressed air to spray the water in a mist state. However, the configuration for spraying the mist water is not necessarily limited. It is not limited to this. For example, a one-fluid nozzle may be used as the spray nozzle, and water may be supplied to the spray nozzle at a high pressure by a compressor or the like and sprayed from the nozzle to spray mist water. Moreover, in order to spray mist-like water, it is not necessary to use a spray nozzle, and things other than a spray nozzle may be used. For example, a porous plate in which many fine holes are formed may be used, and water may be sprayed from each hole of the porous plate. In short, any configuration may be used as long as mist-like water can be sprayed.

  (18) In the above embodiment, the surface temperature of the solar panel 15 is detected by the panel temperature detection sensor 17, but the internal temperature or the back surface temperature of the solar panel 15 may be detected.

  (19) In the above embodiment, the present invention is applied to the solar panel 15 installed on the gable roof 12, but the solar panel 15 installed on other roof such as a dormitory roof or a flat roof. The present invention may be applied to. Further, the present invention may be applied to a solar panel 15 installed in a place other than the roof 12 on the outdoor side of the building 10 such as the outer wall surface of the building 10. Furthermore, you may apply this invention with respect to solar panels installed in places other than the building 10, for example, the ground etc.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Building, 12 ... Roof, 13 ... Eaves, 15 ... Solar panel, 17 ... Panel temperature detection sensor as panel temperature detection means, 18 ... Roof surface, 20 ... Solar panel cooling device, 21 ... Spray nozzle, 25 A compressor as a particle size adjusting means, 30 a controller as a spray control means and a particle size control means, 61 a regulating member, 71 a heat radiating plate as a heat radiating member.

Claims (8)

A solar panel cooling device that is provided separately from a roof surface or an outer wall surface of a building and that cools a solar panel that generates power by being irradiated with sunlight,
A spraying means for spraying mist water on the solar panel ,
The said spraying means sprays fog-like water with respect to the back surface of the said solar panel, The solar panel cooling device characterized by the above-mentioned . A solar panel cooling device that cools a solar panel that is installed on a roof that slopes downward toward the eaves in a building and that generates power by being irradiated with sunlight,
A spraying means for spraying mist water on the solar panel ,
The said spraying means sprays fog-like water with respect to the said solar panel from the eaves side of the said solar panel, The solar panel cooling device characterized by the above-mentioned . Panel temperature detection means for detecting the temperature of the solar panel;
When the temperature of the solar panel detected by the panel temperature detection means is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature, spray control means for performing spraying of water by the spray means;
Solar panel cooling device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises a. Panel temperature detection means for detecting the temperature of the solar panel;
Particle size adjusting means for adjusting the particle size of water sprayed from the spraying means;
A particle diameter control means for controlling the particle diameter adjusting means to adjust the particle diameter of the water based on the temperature of the solar panel detected by the panel temperature detecting means;
The solar panel cooling device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising: Wind condition detecting means for detecting the condition of the wind flowing around the solar panel;
Particle size adjusting means for adjusting the particle size of water sprayed from the spraying means;
Particle size control means for controlling the particle size adjusting means to adjust the particle size of the water based on the wind condition detected by the wind condition detecting means;
The solar panel cooling device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , further comprising: The solar panel cooling device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , further comprising changing means for changing a water spray range by the spraying means. The spraying means sprays mist-like water on the surface of the solar panel,
Above the ejection part of the spraying means, any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the regulating member to which the sprayed from the spray means water is restricted from being scattered upward is provided The solar panel cooling device described in 1. The solar panel has a heat dissipation member that releases heat of the solar panel,
The solar panel cooling device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , wherein the spraying means sprays mist-like water onto the heat radiating member.

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