JP5471193B2 - Remote monitoring method for digital protective relay system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a digital protection relay system, and relates to a remote monitoring method for monitoring a detailed state of a terminal device provided at a consumer by a central device provided at a substation.

  FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing a digital protection relay system (for example, 66 kV loop relay). As shown in FIG. 13, the digital protection relay system 1 includes a central device 2 and a terminal device 3, and the central device 2 is installed in a substation, and the terminal device 3 receives power in a loop system from the substation. It will be installed in consumers such as buildings and factories to be supplied. The central device 2 includes a central relay device 2a, a central communication device 2b, and a demultiplexing unit 2c, and the terminal device 3 includes a demultiplexing unit 3a, a terminal relay unit 3b, and a CPU 3c.

  The information of the terminal device 3 is transmitted to the central device 2 by optical transmission via the demultiplexing unit 3a of each terminal device 3 and the demultiplexing unit 2c of the central communication device 2b, and the central device 2 confirms the information. be able to.

  As a communication method of the digital protection relay system, Patent Document 1 discloses a basic configuration for performing communication by performing demultiplexing processing. The invention of Patent Document 1 facilitates device design and change for multiplexed information transmission processing by performing multiplexing and demultiplexing of transmission / reception information using timing signals on the bus.

Japanese Patent No. 2689508

  Current information of the terminal device 3, device information such as CB, and information such as device abnormality are transmitted to the central device 2 by optical transmission, and the central device 2 can confirm the information. However, because the transmission amount is limited, detailed information such as CB trip of terminal relay unit 3b, analog input electricity amount at the time of abnormality occurrence, DI / O output status, various information in CPU memory, etc. is centrally communicated by optical transmission It cannot be transmitted to the device 2b. Therefore, when a problem occurs in the terminal device 3, it is necessary to go to the customer and check the state of the terminal device 3.

  For example, since the 66 kV loop relay has a configuration including a maximum of 10 terminal devices 3, it takes a lot of time to check the terminal devices 3 provided in each consumer, and to protect the power system. In addition, the time for stopping the terminal device 3 is also prolonged.

  As described above, in the digital protection relay system, it is a problem to collect detailed information of the terminal device at the central device.

  The present invention has been devised in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and one aspect of the remote monitoring method of the digital protection relay system of the present invention is that the central device and each terminal device are connected by a loop line. Is a remote monitoring method of a digital protection relay system that obtains sampling data of a terminal device and performs a protection operation, and transmits data obtained by sampling multiple points of detailed information of the terminal device via an interface to the demultiplexing unit, The data is multiplexed on an unused channel in the transmission line format of the loop line by the demultiplexing unit of the apparatus, transmitted to the central apparatus through the loop line, and the detailed information data of the terminal apparatus is collected by the central apparatus. To do.

  According to another aspect of the remote monitoring method of the digital protection relay system of the present invention, one line for transmitting data of detailed information of the terminal device is prepared on an unused channel in the transmission frame format of the loop line. A control signal for line switching is multiplexed on the serial data in the transmission frame format and transmitted to the line control unit. By the line control unit, the corresponding terminal device of the control signal is connected between the demultiplexing unit and the CPU in the terminal device. It is characterized in that the detailed information data of the terminal device is transmitted to the central device by one line of the transmission frame format of the loop line.

  According to another aspect of the remote monitoring method of the digital protection relay system of the present invention, one line for transmitting data of detailed information of the terminal device is prepared from an unused channel in the transmission frame format of the loop line. A control signal for line switching is multiplexed to a channel of a loop monitoring line in a transmission frame format and transmitted to the communication CPU, a switching instruction signal is output from the communication CPU to the line control unit, and the corresponding terminal device of the control signal Is characterized in that the demultiplexing unit and the CPU in the terminal device are connected to each other, and the detailed information data of the terminal device is transmitted to the central device through one line of the transmission frame format of the loop line.

  Another aspect of the remote monitoring method of the digital protection relay system of the present invention is that the demultiplexing unit of the terminal device and the CPU are always connected, and lines corresponding to the number of terminal devices are connected from unused channels in the transmission frame format. It prepares and transmits the data of the detailed information of a terminal device to a central apparatus.

  According to another aspect of the remote monitoring method of the digital protection relay system of the present invention, the data of the central unit and each terminal unit is sampled at 64 kbps, and 4CH3 frames are used among the unused channels of the loop line transmission frame format. And multiplexed and transmitted.

  According to another aspect of the remote monitoring method of the digital protection relay system of the present invention, the data of the central device or each terminal device is sampled at multiple points at 4.8 kbps, and the speed of the 4.8 kbps signal is converted into an 8 kbps signal. In the bit synchronization method, the channel is multiplexed and transmitted in 1CH2 frame among the unused channels of the transmission frame format, and the speed of the 8 kbps signal is converted to the 4.8 kbps signal in the central device or each terminal device. To do.

  Another aspect of the remote monitoring method of the digital protection relay system according to the present invention is to add an SDLC function to the CPU of the central device and each terminal device, and to use an unused transmission frame format by using a loop transmission function of the SDLC. An SDLC bit synchronization line is prepared using one of the channels, and remote maintenance is performed by polling each terminal device.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the remote monitoring system which collects the detailed data of a terminal device at the central apparatus side is realizable. Therefore, when a malfunction occurs in the terminal device, detailed information on the terminal device can be collected by the central device without entering a consumer. As a result, it is possible to reduce the response time for solving the problem and the time for stopping the terminal device to protect the power system.

1 is a configuration diagram illustrating an example of a digital protection relay system 1 according to a first embodiment. Schematic which shows an example of a transmission frame format. Schematic which shows an example of the line control part 41 of a digital protection relay system. Schematic which shows an example of the line control part 42 of a digital protection relay system. FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram illustrating an example of a digital protection relay system 1 according to a second embodiment. Schematic which shows the channel of the transmission frame format to which the data of each terminal device in Embodiment 2 was allocated. The figure which shows the asynchronous device byte data and transmission rate of central device 2, loop line, and terminal device 3 in the second embodiment. A simplified diagram of multipoint sampling of data from the central unit and terminal unit. FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram illustrating an example of a digital protection relay system 1 according to a third embodiment. Schematic which shows the channel of the transmission frame format to which the data of each terminal device 3 in Embodiment 3 was allocated. Schematic which shows the operation | movement which sends data to the terminal relay part 3b of the terminal device 3 from PC9 in Embodiment 3. FIG. FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram illustrating an example of a digital protection relay system 1 according to a third embodiment. Schematic which shows an example of the general digital protection relay system 1. FIG.

  The present invention is a digital protection relay system in which a central device 2 and each terminal device 3 are connected by a loop line, sample data of the terminal device 3 is obtained by the central device 2 and a protection operation is performed. Data such as CB trip of the terminal device 3, analog input electricity at the time of occurrence of abnormality, DI / O operation status, various information in the CPU memory are not used in the transmission frame format via the interface (for example, RS232C etc.) This is a remote monitoring method that multiplexes channels and collects data of the terminal device 3 on the central device 2 side.

[Embodiment 1]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a digital protection relay system (for example, 66 kV loop relay) 1. As shown in FIG. 1, the digital protection relay system 1 includes a central device 2 and N terminal devices 3, and the central device 2 includes a central relay device 2a and a central communication device 2b.

  Between one central communication device 2b and N terminal devices 3, N lines are provided for the downlink from the central communication device 2b to the terminal device 3, and N lines are provided for the uplink from the terminal device 3 to the central communication device 2b. It is done. As a result, N-line communication is performed between the central communication device 2b and the CPU unit (serial interface SIF + CPU) 3c of the terminal relay unit 3b to be remotely monitored via the demultiplexing unit 2c of the central device 2 and the demultiplexing unit 3a of the terminal device 3. A circuit is built.

  For example, data multiplexed by the demultiplexing unit 2c of the central communication device 2b and the demultiplexing unit 3a of each terminal device 3 is exchanged in a transmission frame format as shown in FIG. The channel of the information line in this transmission frame format is used as a communication line between the central communication device 2b and each terminal device 3.

  In the transmission frame format, a line for transmitting data of detailed information of the terminal device 3 is prepared, and the central device 2 communicates with the CPU unit 3 c provided with the serial interface SIF of each terminal device 3.

  That is, the central device 2 outputs a data collection command to the terminal device 3, and the terminal device 3 that has received this command receives the detailed information data of the terminal device 3 stored in the terminal relay unit 3b as an interface (for example, RS232C Etc.) 3d is transmitted to the demultiplexing unit 3a of the transmission CPU unit 3e by an asynchronous transmission method. In the demultiplexing unit 3a, the detailed information data of the terminal relay unit 3b is multiplexed on unused channels (CH18 to CH26) in the transmission frame format and transmitted to the central apparatus 2. As a result, detailed information of the terminal device 3 can be collected in the central device 2.

  The man-machine function is performed by connecting the PC 9 and the central communication device 2b via an interface (for example, RS232c) such as 19.2 kbps or 9.6 kbps, and the terminal software of the PC 9 or the like. Thereby, it is possible to display the data of the terminal device 3 designated by the PC 9 connected to the central communication device 2b.

  In the first embodiment, one line for transmitting data of detailed information of the terminal device 3 from an unused channel in the transmission frame format is prepared, and the central device 2 and a plurality of (N) terminal devices 3 are respectively connected. Communication is performed with a 1: 1 connection. For this reason, a line control function is required. Here, two line control methods will be described.

(1) Line control method by serial data signal pattern FIG. 3 shows (a) a simplified diagram of the line control unit 41, (b) a signal waveform diagram of serial data sent from the central device 2 to the terminal device 3, (c) ) A block diagram of the line control unit 41 is shown.

  The central device 2 and the N terminal devices 3 are connected by a 1: 1 line. Therefore, line switching is performed by the line control unit 41 as shown in FIG. The line control unit 41 includes a switching circuit 4a and a line control circuit 4b of each terminal device 3. The line control circuit 4b includes a serial / parallel conversion circuit (hereinafter referred to as an S / P conversion circuit) 5, a comparator 6, A terminal code pattern output unit 7 is provided.

  A signal pattern (hereinafter referred to as a control signal) for line switching as shown in FIG. 3B is multiplexed on the serial data in the transmission frame format from the central device 2 and multiplexed / demultiplexed at each terminal device 3. Sent to 3a. This control signal (serial data) is converted into parallel data by the S / P conversion circuit 5 and output to the comparator 6 as shown in FIG. Further, the code pattern “N” of each terminal apparatus 3 is input to the comparator 6 from the terminal code pattern output unit 7. When the parallel data and the terminal code pattern “N” are the same, the line control unit 41 A switching signal is output to the switching circuit 4a.

  As a result, as shown in FIG. 3A, on each terminal device 3 side, the line between the demultiplexing unit 3a and the CPU 3c is connected only to the line of the corresponding terminal apparatus 3, and the line of the other terminal apparatus 3 is connected. Can be disconnected (bypassed).

  By configuring the line control unit 41 as described above, a dedicated automatic switching line (2.4 kbps for one line) for the central device 2 and the terminal device 3 is prepared, and detailed information on the terminal device 3 is sent to the central device 2. A transmission line can be established. As a result, the data of the terminal device 3 can be sampled at multiple points, and the data can be multiplexed into the transmission frame format and transmitted to the central device 2.

(2) Line Control Method by Communication CPU 8 FIG. 4 shows (a) a simplified diagram of the line control unit 42, and (b) a signal waveform diagram of control signals sent from the communication CPU 8 of the central device 2 to the communication CPU 8 of the terminal device 3. , (C) A block diagram of the line control unit 42 is shown.

  One central apparatus 2 and N terminal apparatuses 3 are connected by a 1: 1 line. Therefore, line switching is performed by the line control unit 42 shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 4B and 4C, the signal pattern (hereinafter referred to as control signal) for line switching sent from the central unit 2 is a loop monitoring line in the existing line of the transmission frame format. (27CH) and transmitted to the communication CPU 8 of the terminal device 3 connected to the loop monitoring line.

  The communication CPU 8 of the terminal device 3 reads a unique code (for example, “N”) of the corresponding terminal device 3 from the control signal transmitted through the loop monitoring line from the CPU 8 of the central device 2, and A switching instruction signal is output to the switching circuit 4a. That is, communication (polling) is performed via the loop monitoring line by the SDLC of the communication CPU 8.

  As a result, as shown in FIG. 4A, on each terminal device 3 side, the line between the demultiplexing unit 3a and the CPU 3c is connected only to the line of the corresponding terminal apparatus 3, and the line of the terminal apparatus 3 other than the corresponding one Can be disconnected (bypassed).

  By configuring the line control unit 42 as described above, a dedicated automatic switching line (1 line, 2.4 kbps) for the central device 2 and the terminal device 3 is prepared, and detailed information on the terminal device 3 is sent to the central device 2. A transmission line can be established. As a result, the data of the terminal device 3 can be sampled at multiple points, and the data can be multiplexed into the transmission frame format and transmitted to the central device 2.

  By configuring the line control units 41 and 42 as in (1) and (2) above, a remote monitoring system that collects detailed data of the terminal device 3 on the central device 2 side can be realized. Therefore, when a malfunction occurs in the terminal device 3, it becomes possible to collect detailed information of the terminal device 3 by the central device 2 without entering a consumer. As a result, it is possible to shorten the response time for solving the problem and the time for stopping the terminal device 3 to protect the power system.

[Embodiment 2]
In FIG. 5, the block diagram of the digital protection relay system 1 in this Embodiment 2 is shown. A description of the same parts as those in the first embodiment will be omitted.

  In the second embodiment, N lines of a loop transmission frame format for transmitting detailed information data of the terminal device 3 are prepared between the central device 2 and the N terminal devices 3. That is, in the first embodiment, the transmission frame format line of the loop line for transmitting the detailed information data of the terminal device 3 is one line, and the line control unit 41 (or 42) connects the line between the central device 2 and the terminal device 3. In the second embodiment, N lines (that is, lines corresponding to the number of terminal devices 3) are prepared between the central device 2 and the terminal device 3, and the line control unit 41 (or 42) is omitted.

  When the number of terminal apparatuses 3 is 10, it is necessary to prepare 10 lines for transmitting data of detailed information of the terminal apparatus 3, and therefore, as shown in FIG. For example, the data of 10 terminal apparatuses 3 is allocated using time slots of 18CH to 21CH) and 3 frames. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, four terminal devices 3 in frame # 1 (CH18 to CH21), four terminal devices 3 in frame # 2 (CH18 to CH21), and frame # 3 (CH18, CH19) Data of two terminal devices 3 is assigned.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the asynchronous frame-type byte data, transmission speed, etc. of the transmission frame format in the central device 2, loop line, and terminal device 3.

  Each channel in the transmission frame format of the loop line is obtained by dividing the transmission speed (6.312 Mbps) of the entire transmission frame format. 1 bit synchronous line obtained by dividing one frame: 192 kbps (6.312 Mbps / 263 bits × 8 bits), 1 frame The multipoint sampling of the data of the central device 2 and the terminal device 3 is performed at this frequency of 64 kbps.

  At downstream, the central device 2 samples data with a transmission rate of 2.4 kbps per bit at 64 kHz and multiplexes the data to 1CH (64 kbps) in the transmission frame format of the loop line. That is, as shown in FIG. 8, when 2.4 kbps data (417 μs data per 1 bit) is sampled at 64 kHz (every 15.6 μs), 26 times are sampled per 1 bit. This sampling data is multiplexed and transmitted in a transmission frame format of a loop line. Each terminal device 3 separates the data sent in the transmission frame format and regenerates it to 2.4 kbps data.

  At the time of uplink, data of 2.4 kbps per bit for each terminal device 3 is sampled at 64 kHz at multiple points, and multiplexed and transmitted on 1CH in the loop line. The central device 2 separates the detailed information data of the terminal device 3 that is multiplexed and transmitted in the transmission frame format, and regenerates the data to 2.4 kbps.

  Note that start-up data, parity data, and stop data are 1 bit each for start-stop synchronization data in the central device 2 and the terminal device 3. In addition, since the asynchronous data transmitted in the loop frame transmission frame format is 8 bits, the format is 11 bits in total. The man-machine function is performed by connecting the PC 9 and the central communication device 2b via an interface (for example, RS232c) such as 2.4 kbps and using terminal software of the PC 9 or the like.

  As in the second embodiment, the dedicated line control unit 41 (or the transmission line format of the loop line is prepared by always preparing N (1 to 10) lines for transmitting detailed information data of the terminal device 3. 42), it becomes possible to collect the detailed information of the terminal device 3 in the central device 2 without using the line control circuit 4b (or the communication CPU 8).

  Therefore, when a malfunction occurs in the terminal device 3, it becomes possible to collect detailed information of the terminal device 3 by the central device 2 without entering a consumer. As a result, it is possible to shorten the response time for solving the problem and the time for stopping the terminal device 3 to protect the power system.

[Embodiment 3]
FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram illustrating the digital protection relay system 1 according to the third embodiment. The description of the same parts as those in the first and second embodiments is omitted.

  In the third embodiment, as in the second embodiment, N lines are prepared for transmitting detailed information data of the terminal device 3 in the transmission frame format of the loop line. In the second embodiment, the time slot of 3 frames and 4 CH in the transmission frame format is used for the line. However, in this embodiment, only the time slot of 2 frames and 1 CH in the transmission frame format is used, and the central communication apparatus 2 a to the terminal relay A remote maintenance line of N (1 to 10) lines is prepared in the unit 3b. The transmission system is a start-stop synchronization method between the PC 9 and the demultiplexing unit 2c of the central device 2, the demultiplexing unit 3a and the terminal relay unit 3b of the terminal device 3, and a bit synchronization method between the loop lines. The demultiplexing units 2c, 3a Signal speed conversion is performed by the S / P conversion circuit 11a, the P / S conversion circuit 12a, the S / P conversion circuit 11b, and the P / S conversion circuit 12b.

  Multipoint sampling of the data of the central device 2 and the terminal device 3 is performed at 4.8 kbps obtained by dividing 40 frames of 3 frames of a bit synchronous line obtained by dividing the transmission speed of the loop line (6.312 Mbps). . For example, the asynchronous synchronization signal is bit-synchronized at 4.8 kHz obtained by dividing 192 kHz by 40, and data is sampled at the 20 clk.

  In the third embodiment, since there are ten terminal apparatuses 3, as shown in FIG. 10, the transmission line format of the loop line is transmitted using one channel and two frames. For example, data of eight terminal apparatuses 3 is allocated to frame # 1, data of two terminal apparatuses 3 is allocated to frame # 2, and 8 kbps per one terminal apparatus 3 (8000 multiframes per bit × 1 bit) ) Line is prepared. It is assumed that dummy data is superimposed on the difference (remaining time) between the sampling rate of 4.8 kbps and the line rate of 8 kbps.

  As shown in FIG. 11, at the time of going down, the serial data of the central unit 2 is subjected to S / P conversion and P / S conversion by the S / P conversion circuit 11a and the P / S conversion circuit 12a, and the signal of 4.8 kbps is converted to 8 kbps. The speed is converted into a signal and multiplexed into a transmission frame format, and the S / P conversion circuit 11b and the P / S conversion circuit 12b perform S / P conversion and P / S conversion on the terminal device 3 side to obtain an 8-kbps signal of 4.8 kbps. The signal is converted into a signal of and transmitted to the CPU 3c of the terminal relay unit 3b.

  Similarly, at the time of uplink, the serial data of the terminal device 3 is subjected to S / P conversion and P / S conversion, and the speed of the 4.8 kbps signal is converted into an 8 kbps signal and multiplexed into the transmission frame format. P-converted and P / S-converted, the 8 kbps signal is converted to a 4.8 kbps signal and sent to the PC 9.

  The PC 9 and the demultiplexing unit 2c of the central device 2 and the demultiplexing unit 3a of the terminal device 3 and the terminal relay unit 3b are connected by an interface (for example, RS232C). By preparing the connection connector 7 for the relay part of all the terminal devices 3 in the central communication device 2b, N communication lines for relay maintenance are prepared, and the central device 2 and the terminal device 3 are connected in an N-to-N connection. Connect and exchange data. The man-machine function is performed by connecting the PC 9 and the central communication device 2b via an interface such as 9.6 kbps (for example, RS232C) and using the terminal software of the PC 9 or the like.

  As in the third embodiment, by always preparing N (1 to 10) lines in the transmission frame format of the loop line, the dedicated line control unit 41 (or 42), the line control circuit 4b (or communication CPU 8). It is possible to collect the detailed information of the terminal device 3 in the central device 2 without using. Therefore, when a malfunction occurs in the terminal device 3, it becomes possible to collect detailed information of the terminal device 3 by the central device 2 without entering a consumer. As a result, it is possible to shorten the time for dealing with malfunctions and the time for stopping the terminal device 3 to protect the power system.

  Further, although Embodiment 2 uses 4CH, 3 frame time slots, the present Embodiment 3 can cope with only 1CH, 2 frame time slots, so that the line efficiency can be increased.

  Further, by using the bit multiplexing method, it is possible to increase the density of information.

[Embodiment 4]
FIG. 12 is a configuration diagram showing the digital protection relay system 1 according to the fourth embodiment. Description of the same parts as those in the first to third embodiments is omitted.

  In the fourth embodiment, an SDLC bit synchronization line is prepared using one channel out of empty channels (for example, 18CH to 25CH) in a transmission frame format, and terminals are arranged in a loop with N nodes that are characteristic of SDLC. The CPU of the relay unit 3b is connected to the CPU 2d of the central relay device 2a. The SDLC function is added to the CPU 2d of the central relay device 2a and the CPU 3c of the terminal relay unit 3b, and the detailed data of the terminal device 3 is acquired by the central device 2 using the loop transmission function of the SDLC.

  Each channel in the transmission frame format (loop information format) is a bit synchronous line 1 multiframe obtained by dividing the transmission rate (6.312 Mbps) of the entire transmission frame format: 192 kbps (6.312 MHz / 263 bits × 8 bits). Become.

  The communication mechanism is the same communication method as the communication currently performed on the current 27CH (for loop information monitoring) performed by the CPU 8 of the central device 2 with the CPU 8 of the terminal device 3, and from the central relay device 2a, A data collection command is output to each terminal relay unit 3b by polling to realize a remote maintenance function.

  Since the CPU 2d having the SDLC communication function of the central relay device 2a communicates with the terminal relay unit 3b of each terminal device 3 to realize remote maintenance, the CPU 2d has a man-machine function by terminal software of a personal computer. Examples of the interface include RS232C 19.2 kbps and 9.6 kbps.

  By configuring as in the fourth embodiment, the central device 2 can collect detailed information of the terminal device 3. Therefore, when a malfunction occurs in the terminal device 3, it becomes possible to collect detailed information of the terminal device 3 by the central device 2 without entering a consumer. As a result, it is possible to shorten the time for dealing with malfunctions and the time for stopping the terminal device 3 to protect the power system.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Digital protection relay system 2 ... Central apparatus 2c ... Demultiplexing part of central apparatus 3 ... Terminal apparatus 3a ... Demultiplexing part of terminal apparatus 3c ... CPU of terminal apparatus
41, 42 ... line control unit 8 ... communication CPU

Claims (1)

A remote monitoring method for a digital protection relay system in which a central device and each terminal device are connected by a loop line, sampling data of the terminal device is obtained by the central device and a protection operation is performed,
Prepare a line for transmitting detailed information data of terminal equipment to an unused channel in the transmission frame format of the loop line,
A control signal for line switching from the central device is multiplexed on the serial data in the transmission frame format and transmitted to the line control unit of the terminal device,
The line control unit of the terminal device connects the demultiplexing unit in the corresponding terminal device of the control signal and the CPU in the terminal device,
The demultiplexing unit of the terminal device multiplexes the detailed information data of the terminal device into an unused channel in one line of the transmission frame format of the loop line,
The data obtained by sampling the detailed information of the terminal device on a single line in the transmission frame format of the loop line through the interface of the terminal device is transmitted to the demultiplexing unit of the central device, and the detailed information data of the terminal device is transmitted by the central device. A remote monitoring method for a digital protective relay system, characterized by collecting data.

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