JP5470193B2 - Quick charger - Google Patents

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JP5470193B2
JP5470193B2 JP2010179674A JP2010179674A JP5470193B2 JP 5470193 B2 JP5470193 B2 JP 5470193B2 JP 2010179674 A JP2010179674 A JP 2010179674A JP 2010179674 A JP2010179674 A JP 2010179674A JP 5470193 B2 JP5470193 B2 JP 5470193B2
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charging
current control
control unit
vehicle
secondary battery
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JP2012039822A (en
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修治 内藤
善三 山口
道広 岸元
秀樹 小山田
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Nippon Steel Texeng Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Description

本発明は、低電圧電力用の交流電源設備を利用して複数台の電気自動車の二次電池に同時に充電する急速充電装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a rapid charging apparatus that simultaneously charges secondary batteries of a plurality of electric vehicles using an AC power supply facility for low voltage power.

近年、地球温暖化対策のため２酸化炭素の排出量の削減が求められ、その一環として自動車産業においては電気自動車の開発が進められている。電気自動車には、充電して繰り返し使用可能な二次電池が搭載されており、電気自動車の普及のためには、二次電池の性能向上、価格低下等に加え、充電インフラ整備が重要である。
そして、電気自動車向けの充電インフラの普及と標準化のために日本国内においてＣＨＡｄｅＭＯ（「ＣＨＡｄｅＭＯ」は商標名）協議会が設立されている。ＣＨＡｄｅＭＯ協議会で推奨される急速充電方式（以下、「ＣＨＡｄｅＭＯプロトコル」という）は、全ての電気自動車にとって最適な充電方法を実現したもので、合理的な充電インフラ整備の普及に貢献するためのものである。既に国内の複数の自動車会社及び充電器メーカーがこの急速充電方式を採用し、国際標準化機関への提案も行われている。 In recent years, reduction of carbon dioxide emissions has been demanded as a countermeasure against global warming, and as part of this, the development of electric vehicles has been promoted in the automobile industry. Electric vehicles are equipped with rechargeable secondary batteries that can be recharged and used repeatedly. In addition to improving the performance and lowering the price of secondary batteries, it is important to improve the charging infrastructure in order to popularize electric vehicles. .
A CHAdeMO (“CHAdeMO” is a trade name) council has been established in Japan to popularize and standardize charging infrastructure for electric vehicles. The fast charging method recommended by the CHAdeMO Council (hereinafter referred to as the “CHAdeMO Protocol”) is an optimal charging method for all electric vehicles, and contributes to the spread of rational charging infrastructure development. It is. Several domestic automobile companies and charger manufacturers have already adopted this rapid charging method, and proposals have been made to international standards organizations.

ＣＨＡｄｅＭＯプロトコルの仕様は、ＣＨＡｄｅＭＯ協議会のホームページ等で公開されている資料から、最大出力５０ｋＷ、最大出力電圧５００Ｖ、最大出力電流１００Ａであり、５分の充電で４０ｋｍの走行、１０分の充電で６０ｋｍの走行ができるようにすることが目指されていることが考えられる。また、急速充電方式を採用した急速充電装置では３０分間で約８０％の充電が可能になるとされている。 The specifications of the CHAdeMO protocol are the maximum output 50 kW, the maximum output voltage 500 V, and the maximum output current 100 A from the materials published on the website of the CHAdeMO Council. It is conceivable that the aim is to be able to travel 60 km. In addition, it is said that a quick charging apparatus adopting a quick charging system can charge about 80% in 30 minutes.

しかしながら、ＣＨＡｄｅＭＯプロトコルの要件を満たしたとしても、数分間で完了するガソリン給油に比較して充電時間が長い点が課題である。
ここで、充電に３０分の時間を要する電気自動車が同時に２台来た場合について考えると、充電のための駐車スペースが１ヶ所しかなければ、一方の電気自動車は、他方の電気自動車の充電が終了した後に充電が開始されるので、充電が完了するまでには合計１時間も待つことになる。乗車して１時間も待つとなるとかなりの焦燥感が募る事態になることが想像される。 However, even if the requirements of the CHAdeMO protocol are satisfied, the problem is that the charging time is longer than gasoline refueling that can be completed in a few minutes.
Here, considering that there are two electric vehicles that require 30 minutes to charge at the same time, if there is only one parking space for charging, one electric vehicle can be charged by the other electric vehicle. Since the charging is started after the completion of the charging, a total of one hour is waited until the charging is completed. It is imagined that if you wait for an hour after boarding, you will get a lot of frustration.

そこで、充電の際の待ち時間を短縮するための技術が提案されている。
特許文献１においては、複数台の二次電池（電気自動車）に対して同時に電力を供給できる充電装置の具体例が開示されている。
直流電源部には、複数の直流安定化電源回路が備えられており、個々の直流安定化電源回路からそれぞれ要求される供給電力に応じた出力を別々の回路で供給できるため、二次電池からの情報と、設定入力された情報に基づいて、複数の直流安定化電源回路の中から１個又は複数の直流安定化電源回路を選択して、複数台の二次電池に対して個別の回線を構成し並行して充電を行えるようにしている。 Thus, a technique for reducing the waiting time during charging has been proposed.
In patent document 1, the specific example of the charging device which can supply electric power simultaneously with respect to several secondary batteries (electric vehicle) is disclosed.
The DC power supply unit is equipped with a plurality of DC stabilized power supply circuits, and outputs according to the supply power required from the individual DC stabilized power supply circuits can be supplied by separate circuits. And one or more DC stabilized power supply circuits are selected from among a plurality of DC stabilized power supply circuits based on the information and the setting input information, and individual lines are connected to the plurality of secondary batteries. And can be charged in parallel.

また、特許文献２においては、充電電流が定格容量の６０倍（充電レート：６０Ｃ）で急速充電することが可能な新電池の出現を受けて、この新電池をバッファとして用いる高速充電装置について記載されている。この高速充電装置では、家庭用の１００Ｖ、１５００Ｗの電源からバッファ用の新電池に対して０．１２５Ｃのレートで８時間の充電が行われ、この新電池から２Ｃのレートで電気自動車への充電が行われる。 Patent Document 2 describes a high-speed charging device that uses a new battery as a buffer in response to the emergence of a new battery that can be rapidly charged with a charging current 60 times the rated capacity (charging rate: 60 C). Has been. In this high-speed charging device, a new buffer battery is charged for 8 hours at a rate of 0.125C from a household 100V, 1500W power source, and an electric vehicle is charged from this new battery at a rate of 2C. Is done.

特開２００８−１９９７５２号公報JP 2008-199752 A 特開２００９−７７５５０号公報JP 2009-77550 A

しかしながら、特許文献１では、複数台の二次電池に対して充電を行うための交流電源として、通常の事業所で利用可能な３相２００V１００A程度の電源容量では、対応不可能であり、新たに電源用の幹線を施工することが必要で多大な設備投資を要する。従って、充電装置の設置スペースを低減する効果を除くと、基本的には複数台の充電装置を設置するのと変わらないことになる。 However, in Patent Document 1, the AC power supply for charging a plurality of secondary batteries cannot be used with a power supply capacity of about three-phase 200V100A that can be used in a normal office. It is necessary to construct a main line for the power supply, and a large capital investment is required. Therefore, except for the effect of reducing the installation space for the charging device, it is basically the same as installing a plurality of charging devices.

また、特許文献２では、バッファ用の新電池の状態によって電気自動車への充電をどのように制御するかについての記載がなく、バッファ用の新電池の状態に関わらず電気自動車への充電が行われる場合には、電気自動車への充電の途中でバッファ用の新電池が空状態になる等の問題が生じる。
また、電気自動車への充電によって、バッファ用の新電池が空状態になると、バッファ用の新電池の充電が完了するまでの間、電気自動車への充電が行えなくなるので充電待ちを解消するための対策にはならない。
本発明は、かかる事情に鑑みてなされるもので、充電待ち時間の短縮化を図り、通常の事業所等で利用可能な商用電源を用いることができる急速充電装置を提供することを目的とする。 Patent Document 2 does not describe how to control charging of the electric vehicle according to the state of the new battery for the buffer, and charging the electric vehicle is performed regardless of the state of the new battery for the buffer. In such a case, there arises a problem that a new buffer battery becomes empty during charging of the electric vehicle.
In addition, if the new battery for the buffer becomes empty due to the charging of the electric vehicle, the charging to the electric vehicle cannot be performed until the charging of the new battery for the buffer is completed. It is not a countermeasure.
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a quick charging apparatus that can shorten a charging waiting time and can use a commercial power source that can be used in a normal office or the like. .

前記目的に沿う第１の発明に係る急速充電装置は、商用電源（低電圧電力用の交流電源設備で、単相又は３相、１００／２００Ｖの交流電源）から供給され、交流から直流に変換された電力を電気自動車に搭載された車載二次電池を充電するために蓄えるバッファ用高速充電電池と、前記電気自動車に接続可能で、前記バッファ用高速充電電池に蓄えられた電力を供給して、接続されている前記電気自動車に搭載された車載二次電池を充電する充電電流制御部とが設けられた急速充電装置であって、前記充電電流制御部は複数あって、前記各充電電流制御部に対して、前記電気自動車への充電を開始させるか否かの制御をし、しかも充電のために前記電気自動車に供給される電力の電流値及び電圧値の変化を表す充電パターンを、該車載二次電池の異なる容量ごとに記憶した統合充放電制御部を有し、前記統合充放電制御部は、前記充電パターンを参照して前記充電電流制御部から充電中の前記車載二次電池に供給されている電力の電流値を基に、充電中の該車載二次電池の充電率が７０〜９０％の範囲で予め設定された充電終了値に達したのを検知したとき、前記充電電流制御部に前記車載二次電池への充電を終了させ、しかも、複数の前記充電電流制御部のいずれかに新たに前記電気自動車が接続されたときには、前記充電電流制御部を介して新たに接続された該電気自動車の前記車載二次電池の容量を受けて、前記充電パターンを基に新たに接続された該電気自動車の前記車載二次電池の充電率を０％から前記充電終了値にするのに必要な電力Ｐｆを算出すると共に、他の前記各充電電流制御部が充電中の前記車載二次電池に供給している電力の電流値を基に、複数の前記充電電流制御部が現在行っている充電を全て終了するまでに前記バッファ用高速充電電池から出力される予測消費電力を算出し、１）前記バッファ用高速充電電池に蓄えられている電力から前記予測消費電力を差し引いた電力Ｐｕが、前記電力Ｐｆ以上の場合には、新たに接続された前記電気自動車の前記車載二次電池への充電を前記充電電流制御部に行わせ、２）前記電力Ｐｕが前記電力Ｐｆ未満の場合には、新たに接続された前記電気自動車の前記車載二次電池への充電を前記充電電流制御部に行わせない。 The rapid charging apparatus according to the first invention in accordance with the above object is supplied from a commercial power source (single-phase or three-phase, 100 / 200V AC power source for AC power equipment for low voltage power) and converts from AC to DC. A high-speed rechargeable battery for a buffer that stores the generated power for charging an in-vehicle secondary battery mounted on the electric vehicle, and a power that can be connected to the electric vehicle and that is stored in the high-speed rechargeable battery for the buffer A quick charging device provided with a charging current control unit for charging a vehicle-mounted secondary battery mounted on the connected electric vehicle, wherein there are a plurality of the charging current control units, and each of the charging current controls A charging pattern representing a change in a current value and a voltage value of electric power supplied to the electric vehicle for charging. Automotive secondary An integrated charging / discharging control unit stored for each different capacity of the pond, the integrated charging / discharging control unit being supplied from the charging current control unit to the in-vehicle secondary battery being charged with reference to the charging pattern When it is detected that the charging rate of the in-vehicle secondary battery being charged reaches a preset charging end value in a range of 70 to 90% based on the current value of the electric power being charged, the charging current control unit When the charging to the in-vehicle secondary battery is terminated, and when the electric vehicle is newly connected to any of the plurality of charging current control units, the newly connected via the charging current control unit Necessary to change the charging rate of the in-vehicle secondary battery of the electric vehicle newly connected based on the charging pattern from 0% to the charging end value in response to the capacity of the in-vehicle secondary battery of the electric vehicle While calculating the power Pf Based on the current value of the electric power supplied to the in-vehicle secondary battery being charged by each charging current control unit, the plurality of charging current control units are configured to perform the buffer high speed until all the charging currently performed is completed. The predicted power consumption output from the rechargeable battery is calculated. 1) When the power Pu obtained by subtracting the predicted power consumption from the power stored in the buffer fast-charge battery is equal to or higher than the power Pf, a new Charging the in-vehicle secondary battery of the connected electric vehicle to the charging current control unit 2) When the electric power Pu is less than the electric power Pf, the newly connected electric vehicle The charging current control unit is not charged to the in-vehicle secondary battery.

第１の発明に係る急速充電装置において、前記充電電流制御部と前記電気自動車の間には、クロスバースイッチ接続回路が配置され、該クロスバースイッチ接続回路は、前記電気自動車の前記車載二次電池への充電を行っていない前記充電電流制御部がある場合には、新たにやってきた前記電気自動車を、充電を行っていない前記充電電流制御部に接続し、全ての前記充電電流制御部が充電を行っている場合には、該充電電流制御部のいずれかが充電を終了するのを待って、その充電が終了した前記充電電流制御部に新たにやってきた前記電気自動車を接続するのが好ましい。 In the quick charging device according to the first aspect of the present invention, a crossbar switch connection circuit is disposed between the charging current control unit and the electric vehicle, and the crossbar switch connection circuit is connected to the in-vehicle secondary of the electric vehicle. When there is the charging current control unit that is not charging the battery, the newly-arrived electric vehicle is connected to the charging current control unit that is not charging, and all the charging current control units are When charging is performed, waiting for one of the charging current control units to finish charging, and connecting the newly-arrived electric vehicle to the charging current control unit that has completed the charging. preferable.

第１の発明に係る急速充電装置において、前記充電電流制御部は、前記商用電源から供給され、交流から直流に変換された電力を、前記バッファ用高速充電電池に蓄えることなく直接前記電気自動車の前記車載二次電池に供給して充電することができるのが好ましい。 In the rapid charging apparatus according to the first aspect of the invention, the charging current control unit directly supplies the electric power supplied from the commercial power source and converted from AC to DC into the buffer high-speed charging battery without storing it in the buffer high-speed charging battery. It is preferable that the in-vehicle secondary battery can be supplied and charged.

前記目的に沿う第２の発明に係る急速充電装置は、商用電源から供給され、交流から直流に変換された電力を電気自動車に搭載された車載二次電池を充電するために蓄えるバッファ用高速充電電池と、前記電気自動車に接続可能で、前記バッファ用高速充電電池に蓄えられた電力を供給して、接続されている前記電気自動車に搭載された車載二次電池を充電する充電電流制御部とが設けられた急速充電装置であって、前記充電電流制御部は複数あって、前記各充電電流制御部に対して、前記電気自動車への充電を開始させるか否かの制御をし、しかも該電気自動車の前記車載二次電池が充電される際の該車載二次電池の充電率の変化を表す充電率変化パターンと該車載二次電池の容量とを該車載二次電池の異なる容量ごとに記憶した統合充放電制御部を有し、前記統合充放電制御部は、前記充電電流制御部を介して、該充電電流制御部が充電中の前記電気自動車の前記車載二次電池の充電率を検知し、前記充電率変化パターンを参照して、充電中の該車載二次電池の充電率が７０〜９０％の範囲で予め設定された充電終了値に達したのを検知したとき、前記充電電流制御部に前記車載二次電池の充電を終了させ、しかも、複数の前記充電電流制御部のいずれかに新たに前記電気自動車が接続されたときには、前記充電電流制御部を介して新たに接続された該電気自動車の前記車載二次電池の容量及び現在の充電率を検出して、新たに接続された該電気自動車の前記車載二次電池を現在の充電率から前記充電終了値にするのに必要な電力Ｐｆ’を算出すると共に、他の前記各充電電流制御部が充電中の前記車載二次電池の容量及び現在の充電率を基に、複数の前記充電電流制御部が現在行っている充電を全て終了するまでに前記バッファ用高速充電電池から出力される予測消費電力を算出し、１）前記バッファ用高速充電電池に蓄えられている電力から前記予測消費電力を差し引いた電力Ｐｕ’が、前記電力Ｐｆ’以上の場合には、新たに接続された前記電気自動車の前記車載二次電池への充電を前記充電電流制御部に行わせ、２）前記電力Ｐｕ’が前記電力Ｐｆ’未満の場合には、新たに接続された前記電気自動車の前記車載二次電池への充電を前記充電電流制御部に行わせない。 The rapid charging apparatus according to the second invention that meets the above-mentioned object is a high-speed charging for a buffer that stores electric power supplied from a commercial power source and converted from AC to DC to charge an in-vehicle secondary battery mounted on an electric vehicle. A battery, and a charging current control unit that is connectable to the electric vehicle, supplies electric power stored in the fast charging battery for buffer, and charges an in-vehicle secondary battery mounted on the connected electric vehicle; Provided with a plurality of charging current control units, each charging current control unit is controlled whether to start charging the electric vehicle, and A charging rate change pattern that represents a change in the charging rate of the in-vehicle secondary battery when the in-vehicle secondary battery of the electric vehicle is charged and a capacity of the in-vehicle secondary battery for each different capacity of the in-vehicle secondary battery Integrated charge / restore The integrated charging / discharging control unit detects the charging rate of the in-vehicle secondary battery of the electric vehicle being charged by the charging current control unit via the charging current control unit, and the charging Referring to the rate change pattern, when it is detected that the charging rate of the in-vehicle secondary battery being charged has reached a preset charging end value in the range of 70 to 90%, the charging current control unit When the charging of the in-vehicle secondary battery is terminated and the electric vehicle is newly connected to any of the plurality of charging current control units, the electric vehicle newly connected via the charging current control unit The electric power Pf required to detect the capacity and the current charging rate of the in-vehicle secondary battery and to change the in-vehicle secondary battery of the newly connected electric vehicle from the current charging rate to the charging end value. 'And calculate each of the other charging currents Based on the capacity of the in-vehicle secondary battery being charged by the control unit and the current charging rate, the plurality of charging current control units are output from the buffer high-speed charging battery until all the current charging is completed. 1) When the power Pu ′ obtained by subtracting the predicted power consumption from the power stored in the buffer fast-charge battery is equal to or higher than the power Pf ′, a new connection is established. Charging the in-vehicle secondary battery of the electric vehicle to the charging current control unit 2) When the electric power Pu ′ is less than the electric power Pf ′, the in-vehicle of the newly connected electric vehicle The charging current control unit is not allowed to charge the secondary battery.

第２の発明に係る急速充電装置において、前記充電電流制御部と前記電気自動車の間には、クロスバースイッチ接続回路が配置され、該クロスバースイッチ接続回路は、前記電気自動車の前記車載二次電池への充電を行っていない前記充電電流制御部がある場合には、新たにやってきた前記電気自動車を、充電を行っていない前記充電電流制御部に接続し、全ての前記充電電流制御部が充電を行っている場合には、該充電電流制御部のいずれかが充電を終了するのを待って、その充電が終了した前記充電電流制御部に新たにやってきた前記電気自動車を接続するのが好ましい。 In the rapid charging apparatus according to the second aspect of the invention, a crossbar switch connection circuit is disposed between the charging current control unit and the electric vehicle, and the crossbar switch connection circuit is connected to the in-vehicle secondary of the electric vehicle. When there is the charging current control unit that is not charging the battery, the newly-arrived electric vehicle is connected to the charging current control unit that is not charging, and all the charging current control units are When charging is performed, waiting for one of the charging current control units to finish charging, and connecting the newly-arrived electric vehicle to the charging current control unit that has completed the charging. preferable.

第２の発明に係る急速充電装置において、前記充電電流制御部は、前記商用電源から供給され、交流から直流に変換された電力を、前記バッファ用高速充電電池に蓄えることなく直接前記電気自動車の前記車載二次電池に供給して充電することができるのが好ましい。 In the rapid charging apparatus according to a second aspect of the invention, the charging current control unit directly supplies the electric power supplied from the commercial power source and converted from AC to DC into the buffer high-speed charging battery without storing it in the buffer high-speed charging battery. It is preferable that the in-vehicle secondary battery can be supplied and charged.

第１、第２の発明に係る急速充電装置は、バッファ用高速充電電池が、商用電源から供給され、交流から直流に変換された電力を電気自動車の車載二次電池を充電するために蓄えるので、通常の事業所で利用可能な電源を基に車載二次電池の充電を行うことができる。
また、統合充放電制御部が、充電パターンを参照して充電電流制御部から充電中の電気自動車の車載二次電池に供給されている電力の電流値を基に、充電中の車載二次電池の充電率が７０〜９０％の範囲で予め設定された充電終了値に達したのを検知したとき、充電電流制御部に車載二次電池の充電を終了させるので、車載二次電池への充電が非効率になる充電率１００％付近で充電を行わず、充電を効率的に行うことができる。これは、電気自動車に搭載される車載二次電池が一般的に充電率１００％付近で充電効率が落ちるためである。 In the quick charging device according to the first and second inventions, the fast charging battery for buffer is supplied from a commercial power source and stores electric power converted from alternating current to direct current for charging an in-vehicle secondary battery of an electric vehicle. The in-vehicle secondary battery can be charged based on a power source that can be used in a normal office.
Further, the integrated charge / discharge control unit refers to the charge pattern, and the in-vehicle secondary battery being charged is based on the current value of the electric power supplied from the charge current control unit to the in-vehicle secondary battery of the electric vehicle being charged. When it is detected that the charging rate of the battery reaches a preset charging end value in the range of 70 to 90%, the charging current control unit terminates the charging of the in-vehicle secondary battery, so that the in-vehicle secondary battery is charged. The charging can be efficiently performed without performing charging at a charging rate of about 100% at which inefficiency occurs. This is because the charging efficiency of an in-vehicle secondary battery mounted on an electric vehicle generally decreases when the charging rate is around 100%.

第１の発明に係る急速充電装置は、複数の充電電流制御部のいずれかに新たに電気自動車が接続されたときには、統合充放電制御部が、充電電流制御部を介して新たに接続された電気自動車の車載二次電池の容量を受けて、充電パターンを基にその新たに接続された電気自動車の車載二次電池の充電率を０％から充電終了値にするのに必要な電力Ｐｆを算出すると共に、他の各充電電流制御部が充電中の車載二次電池に供給している電力の電流値を基に、複数の充電電流制御部が現在行っている充電を全て終了するまでにバッファ用高速充電電池から出力される予測消費電力を算出し、１）バッファ用高速充電電池に蓄えられている電力から予測消費電力を差し引いた電力Ｐｕが、電力Ｐｆ以上の場合には、新たに接続された電気自動車の車載二次電池への充電を充電電流制御部に行わせ、２）電力Ｐｕが電力Ｐｆ未満の場合には、新たに接続された電気自動車の車載二次電池への充電を充電電流制御部に行わせないので、車載二次電池への充電中にバッファ用高速充電電池に蓄えられている電力がなくなり充電中の車載二次電池の充電を途中で停止、又は終了するのを回避することができる。 In the rapid charging apparatus according to the first aspect, when the electric vehicle is newly connected to any of the plurality of charging current control units, the integrated charging / discharging control unit is newly connected via the charging current control unit. In response to the capacity of the in-vehicle secondary battery of the electric vehicle, the electric power Pf required to change the charge rate of the newly connected in-vehicle secondary battery of the electric vehicle from 0% to the charge end value based on the charging pattern. While calculating, based on the current value of the power supplied to the in-vehicle secondary battery being charged by each of the other charging current control units, until all the charging currently performed by the plurality of charging current control units is completed The predicted power consumption output from the buffer fast charge battery is calculated. 1) When the power Pu obtained by subtracting the predicted power consumption from the power stored in the buffer fast charge battery is equal to or higher than the power Pf, a new value is newly calculated. Connected electric car Charge the secondary battery to the charging current control unit. 2) When the power Pu is less than the power Pf, charge the in-vehicle secondary battery of the newly connected electric vehicle to the charging current control unit. Therefore, it is possible to avoid stopping or terminating the charging of the in-vehicle secondary battery that is being charged because there is no power stored in the buffer high-speed charging battery during charging to the in-vehicle secondary battery. .

第２の発明に係る急速充電装置は、複数の充電電流制御部のいずれかに新たに電気自動車が接続されたときには、充電電流制御部を介して新たに接続された電気自動車の車載二次電池の容量及び現在の充電率を検出して、その新たに接続された電気自動車の車載二次電池を現在の充電率から充電終了値にするのに必要な電力Ｐｆ’を算出すると共に、他の各充電電流制御部が充電中の車載二次電池の容量及び現在の充電率を基に、複数の充電電流制御部が現在行っている充電を全て終了するまでにバッファ用高速充電電池から出力される予測消費電力を算出し、１）バッファ用高速充電電池に蓄えられている電力から予測消費電力を差し引いた電力Ｐｕ’が、電力Ｐｆ’以上の場合には、新たに接続された電気自動車の車載二次電池への充電を充電電流制御部に行わせ、２）電力Ｐｕ’が電力Ｐｆ’未満の場合には、新たに接続された電気自動車の車載二次電池への充電を充電電流制御部に行わせないので、車載二次電池への充電中にバッファ用高速充電電池に蓄えられている電力がなくなり充電中の車載二次電池の充電を途中で停止、又は終了するのを回避することができる。 When the electric vehicle is newly connected to any one of the plurality of charging current control units, the quick charging device according to the second invention is the in-vehicle secondary battery of the electric vehicle newly connected via the charging current control unit. And calculating the electric power Pf ′ required to change the in-vehicle secondary battery of the newly connected electric vehicle from the current charging rate to the end-of-charge value. Based on the capacity of the in-vehicle secondary battery being charged by each charging current control unit and the current charging rate, the multiple charging current control units output from the buffer high-speed charging battery before completing all the current charging. 1) When the electric power Pu ′ obtained by subtracting the predicted electric power consumption from the electric power stored in the buffer high-speed rechargeable battery is equal to or higher than the electric power Pf ′, the newly connected electric vehicle Charging the in-vehicle secondary battery 2) When the electric power Pu ′ is less than the electric power Pf ′, the charging current control unit does not charge the in-vehicle secondary battery of the newly connected electric vehicle. It is possible to avoid stopping or terminating the charging of the in-vehicle secondary battery that is being charged because there is no power stored in the buffer high-speed charging battery during the charging of the secondary battery.

第１、第２の発明に係る急速充電装置において、充電電流制御部と電気自動車の間には、クロスバースイッチ接続回路が配置され、クロスバースイッチ接続回路は、電気自動車の車載二次電池への充電を行っていない充電電流制御部がある場合には、新たにやってきた電気自動車を、充電を行っていない充電電流制御部に接続し、全ての充電電流制御部が充電を行っている場合には、充電電流制御部のいずれかが充電を終了するのを待って、その充電が終了した充電電流制御部に新たにやってきた電気自動車を接続する場合、既に充電を行っている車載二次電池の充電を確実に終了した上で、新たにやってきた電気自動車の車載二次電池への充電を開始することができる。 In the rapid charging apparatus according to the first and second inventions, a crossbar switch connection circuit is disposed between the charging current control unit and the electric vehicle, and the crossbar switch connection circuit is connected to the in-vehicle secondary battery of the electric vehicle. If there is a charging current control unit that is not charged, connect a new electric vehicle to a charging current control unit that is not charging, and all the charging current control units are charging In the case of waiting for one of the charging current control units to finish charging, when connecting a newly arrived electric vehicle to the charging current control unit that has completed charging, the in-vehicle secondary that has already been charged After the charging of the battery has been completed, charging of the newly-introduced electric vehicle to the in-vehicle secondary battery can be started.

第１、第２の発明に係る急速充電装置において、充電電流制御部が、商用電源から供給され、交流から直流に変換された電力を、バッファ用高速充電電池に蓄えることなく直接電気自動車の車載二次電池に供給して充電することができる場合、バッファ用高速充電電池に車載二次電池を充電するのに十分な電力が蓄えられていない状態でも、車載二次電池の充電を行うことが可能である。 In the quick charging device according to the first and second inventions, the charging current control unit directly mounts the electric vehicle on the electric vehicle without storing the electric power supplied from the commercial power source and converted from AC to DC into the buffer high-speed charging battery. When the secondary battery can be charged by charging, the in-vehicle secondary battery can be charged even when the buffer fast-charge battery does not have enough power to charge the in-vehicle secondary battery. Is possible.

本発明の一実施の形態に係る急速充電装置の構成図である。It is a lineblock diagram of a quick charge device concerning one embodiment of the present invention. （Ａ）は、充電のために電気自動車に供給される電力の電流値及び電気自動車の充電率を示す説明図であり、（Ｂ）は電気自動車に供給される電力の電流値と電気自動車の充電率の関係を示す説明図である。(A) is explanatory drawing which shows the electric current value of electric power supplied to an electric vehicle for charging, and the charging rate of an electric vehicle, (B) is the electric current value of electric power supplied to an electric vehicle, and electric vehicle It is explanatory drawing which shows the relationship of a charging rate. ワイブル分布により電気自動車の充電率をシミュレーションした説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which simulated the charging rate of the electric vehicle by Weibull distribution. ワイブル分布から発生させた乱数を用いて電気自動車の充電率をシミュレーションした説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which simulated the charging rate of the electric vehicle using the random number generated from the Weibull distribution. バッファ用高速充電電池に蓄えられている電力量の変化を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the change of the electric energy stored in the fast charge battery for buffers. バッファ用高速充電電池に蓄えられている電力量の変化を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the change of the electric energy stored in the fast charge battery for buffers. 本発明の一実施の形態に係る急速充電装置の変形例の構成図である。It is a block diagram of the modification of the quick charging apparatus which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. 同急速充電装置の他の変形例の構成図である。It is a block diagram of the other modification of the quick charging device.

続いて、添付した図面を参照しつつ、本発明を具体化した実施の形態につき説明し、本発明の理解に供する。
図１に示すように、本発明の一実施の形態に係る急速充電装置１０は、商用電源１１から供給され、交流から直流に変換された電力を電気自動車１２〜１６を充電するために蓄えるバッファ用高速充電電池１７と、電気自動車１２〜１６にそれぞれ接続可能で、バッファ用高速充電電池１７に蓄えられた電力を供給して、接続されている電気自動車１２〜１６の車載二次電池３７〜４１を充電する充電電流制御部１８〜２２とが設けられた急速充電装置１０である。 Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings for understanding of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, a rapid charging apparatus 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention is a buffer that stores electric power supplied from a commercial power supply 11 and that is converted from AC to DC for charging electric vehicles 12 to 16. The high-speed rechargeable battery 17 can be connected to each of the electric vehicles 12 to 16, and the electric power stored in the buffer high-speed rechargeable battery 17 is supplied to connect the in-vehicle secondary batteries 37 to the connected electric vehicles 12 to 16. The quick charging device 10 is provided with charging current control units 18 to 22 for charging 41.

図１に示すように、商用電源１１は、１００／２００Ｖの一般的な事業所で利用可能な電源容量である。商用電源１１は、本実施の形態では３相２００Ｖ１００Ａであり、商用電源１１には、商用電源１１から供給される交流電力を直流電力に変換する充電制御部２４が電源線２５を介して接続されている。なお、３相２００Ｖは、ＣＨＡｄｅＭＯ協議会でも推奨されている電源容量である。
充電制御部２４には、最大で１２０Ａｈの電力を充電するバッファ用高速充電電池１７が、電源線２５ａ及び通信線２６を介して接続されている。通信線２６には、例えばＬＡＮ、ＲＳ２３２、ＲＳ４８５、ＲＳ４２２、ＧＰＩＢなどが考えられる。
充電制御部２４は、商用電源１１から供給された交流電力を直流電力に変換し、その直流電力をバッファ用高速充電電池１７に供給してバッファ用高速充電電池１７を充電する。バッファ用高速充電電池１７は、例えば鉛二次電池、ニッケル水素二次電池、リチウムイオン二次電池等の二次電池とマイクロプロセッサ等とを有し、充電制御部２４はバッファ用高速充電電池１７とのデータ通信によって、充電に最適な電圧値及び電流値によって電力を供給し、バッファ用高速充電電池１７を充電する。 As shown in FIG. 1, the commercial power supply 11 has a power supply capacity that can be used at a general office of 100 / 200V. The commercial power supply 11 is a three-phase 200V100A in the present embodiment, and the commercial power supply 11 is connected to a charge control unit 24 that converts AC power supplied from the commercial power supply 11 into DC power via a power line 25. ing. Three-phase 200V is a power capacity recommended by the CHAdeMO Council.
The charge control unit 24 is connected with a buffer high-speed rechargeable battery 17 that charges up to 120 Ah of power via a power line 25 a and a communication line 26. As the communication line 26, for example, LAN, RS232, RS485, RS422, GPIB and the like can be considered.
The charge control unit 24 converts the AC power supplied from the commercial power supply 11 into DC power, and supplies the DC power to the buffer fast charge battery 17 to charge the buffer fast charge battery 17. The buffer fast charge battery 17 includes, for example, a secondary battery such as a lead secondary battery, a nickel hydride secondary battery, or a lithium ion secondary battery, a microprocessor, and the like, and the charge control unit 24 includes the buffer fast charge battery 17. In this way, power is supplied at a voltage value and a current value that are optimal for charging, and the buffer fast charge battery 17 is charged.

バッファ用高速充電電池１７には、複数（本実施の形態では５つ）の充電電流制御部１８〜２２が電源線２５ｂ及び通信線２６ａによって接続されている。充電電流制御部１８（充電電流制御部１９〜２２についでも同じ）には、電気自動車１２（電気自動車１３〜１６についても同じ）が有する車側コネクタ２７に連結可能なコネクタ２８が接続されている。 A plurality of (five in the present embodiment) charging current control units 18 to 22 are connected to the buffer high-speed charging battery 17 by a power line 25b and a communication line 26a. A connector 28 connectable to a vehicle-side connector 27 of the electric vehicle 12 (the same applies to the electric vehicles 13 to 16) is connected to the charging current control unit 18 (the same applies to the charging current control units 19 to 22). .

電気自動車１２〜１６には、電気自動車１２〜１６の電気的な制御を行うＥＣＵ（Ｅｎｇｉｎｅ Ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ Ｕｎｉｔ）３２〜３６と、リチウムイオン二次電池からなる容量５０Ａｈの車載二次電池３７〜４１がそれぞれ搭載されている。
電気自動車１２（電気自動車１３〜１６についても同じ）の車側コネクタ２７がコネクタ２８に連結されることによって、ＥＣＵ３２はＣＡＮ（Ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌｌｅｒ Ａｒｅａ Ｎｅｔｗｏｒｋ）４２を介して充電電流制御部１８との通信が可能になり、車載二次電池３７は電源線２５ｃを介して充電電流制御部１８から供給される直流電力を受け入れ可能な状態になる。充電電流制御部１８は、車載二次電池３７に対して、バッファ用高速充電電池１７に蓄えられた電力を供給することに加え、商用電源１１から供給され、充電制御部２４で交流から直流に変換された電力を直接供給することができる。なお、ＥＣＵ３２と車載二次電池３７は信号接続されている。 The electric vehicles 12 to 16 include an ECU (Engine Control Unit) 32 to 36 that performs electric control of the electric vehicles 12 to 16 and an in-vehicle secondary battery 37 to 41 that is a lithium ion secondary battery and has a capacity of 50 Ah, respectively. It is installed.
By connecting the vehicle-side connector 27 of the electric vehicle 12 (the same applies to the electric vehicles 13 to 16) to the connector 28, the ECU 32 can communicate with the charging current control unit 18 via a CAN (Controller Area Network) 42. Thus, the in-vehicle secondary battery 37 is in a state where it can accept DC power supplied from the charging current control unit 18 through the power line 25c. The charging current control unit 18 is supplied from the commercial power supply 11 to the in-vehicle secondary battery 37 in addition to supplying the electric power stored in the buffer high-speed charging battery 17, and the charging control unit 24 changes from AC to DC. The converted power can be supplied directly. The ECU 32 and the in-vehicle secondary battery 37 are signal-connected.

充電電流制御部１８〜２２には、通信線２６ａを介して統合充放電制御部４３が接続され、統合充放電制御部４３は、通信線２６ｂを介して充電制御部２４にも接続されている。統合充放電制御部４３は、通信線２６、充電制御部２４及び通信線２６ｂを介してバッファ用高速充電電池１７に蓄えられている電力量を検知でき、その電力量等を参照して充電電流制御部１８〜２２に、電気自動車に搭載されている車載二次電池への充電（以下、「電気自動車への充電」ともいう）を開始させるか否かの制御を行う。この統合充放電制御部４３による充電電流制御部１８〜２２の制御を行う目的の１つは、電気自動車に充電を行っている最中に、バッファ用高速充電電池１７に蓄えられている電力がなくなるのを回避することである。 An integrated charge / discharge control unit 43 is connected to the charging current control units 18 to 22 via the communication line 26a, and the integrated charge / discharge control unit 43 is also connected to the charge control unit 24 via the communication line 26b. . The integrated charge / discharge control unit 43 can detect the amount of power stored in the buffer high-speed charging battery 17 via the communication line 26, the charge control unit 24, and the communication line 26b. The control units 18 to 22 control whether or not to start charging the in-vehicle secondary battery mounted on the electric vehicle (hereinafter also referred to as “charging to the electric vehicle”). One of the purposes of controlling the charging current control units 18 to 22 by the integrated charge / discharge control unit 43 is that the electric power stored in the buffer high-speed rechargeable battery 17 is being charged while the electric vehicle is being charged. It is to avoid disappearing.

統合充放電制御部４３は、メモリ４４を搭載しており、このメモリ４４に車載二次電池の異なる容量ごとに相異する充電パターンを記憶している。充電パターンは、車載二次電池を充電する際の電流値と電圧値の変化を表したものであり、入力デバイス（例えばキーボード）からの操作によりメモリ４４に予め設定することができる。
車載二次電池３７（車載二次電池３８〜４１についても同じ）の充電は、図２（Ａ）に示すように、車載二次電池として用いられる一般的なリチウムイオン二次電池と同様に、充電率が低い初期段階では定電流充電がなされ、車載二次電池３７の電圧が一定値（例えば４．１Ｖ）になると定電圧充電に移行する。図２（Ａ）では、１００Ａで維持されていた電流値が１００Ａ以下になる時点で定電流充電から定電圧充電に移行されている。 The integrated charge / discharge control unit 43 is equipped with a memory 44, and stores different charge patterns for different capacities of the in-vehicle secondary battery. The charging pattern represents a change in current value and voltage value when charging the in-vehicle secondary battery, and can be preset in the memory 44 by an operation from an input device (for example, a keyboard).
As shown in FIG. 2A, the charging of the in-vehicle secondary battery 37 (the same applies to the in-vehicle secondary batteries 38 to 41), as in a general lithium ion secondary battery used as an in-vehicle secondary battery, In the initial stage where the charging rate is low, constant current charging is performed, and when the voltage of the in-vehicle secondary battery 37 reaches a constant value (for example, 4.1 V), the constant voltage charging is performed. In FIG. 2A, the constant current charging is switched to the constant voltage charging when the current value maintained at 100 A becomes 100 A or less.

車載二次電池３７は、一般的なリチウムイオン二次電池と同様に、電流値が、初期段階の定電流充電で最大で、定電圧充電に移行した後に指数的に低下する。従って、充電率（ＳＯＣ）が０％の状態の車載二次電池３７を充電する場合、電流値は、充電開始後１５分間で最大となる。車載二次電池３７の充電率は、図２（Ｂ）に示すように、定電流充電のときに０〜５０％である。電流値は、定電圧充電となる充電率が５０〜１００％の間で充電率の上昇に対して一定の割合で減少する。
なお、充電率を示すＳＯＣは、Ｓｔａｔｅ ｏｆ Ｃｈａｒｇｅを短縮したものであり、本実施の形態では、充電電流制御部１８〜２２が車載二次電池３７〜４１に供給可能な最大電流値は１００Ａである。 The in-vehicle secondary battery 37 has a maximum current value in the constant current charging in the initial stage, and decreases exponentially after shifting to the constant voltage charging, as in a general lithium ion secondary battery. Therefore, when charging the in-vehicle secondary battery 37 in a state where the charging rate (SOC) is 0%, the current value becomes maximum 15 minutes after the start of charging. The charging rate of the in-vehicle secondary battery 37 is 0 to 50% during constant current charging, as shown in FIG. The current value decreases at a constant rate with respect to the increase in the charging rate when the charging rate for constant voltage charging is between 50% and 100%.
In addition, SOC which shows a charging rate is what shortened State of Charge, and in this Embodiment, the maximum electric current value which the charging current control parts 18-22 can supply to the vehicle-mounted secondary batteries 37-41 is 100A. is there.

図２（Ａ）において充電中の時間経過に伴う充電率の上昇変化に着目すると、充電率は０％から約８０％になるまで時間の経過と共に急激に上昇し、８０％付近から上昇率が徐々に緩やかになっている。そのため、車載二次電池３７（車載二次電池３８〜４１についても同じ）の充電においては、充電率が０％から８０％になるまでに約３０分かかるのに対し、８０％から１００％になるまでは約７０分の時間を要している。
従って、充電率が８０％を超えて充電時間に対する充電率の上昇率が低下する前に車載二次電池３７への充電を終了すれば、充電の効率化が図れ、充電に要する時間を短縮できることが分かる。 In FIG. 2 (A), paying attention to the change in the charging rate over time during charging, the charging rate rapidly increases with the passage of time from 0% to about 80%, and the increasing rate starts from around 80%. It is gradually gradual. Therefore, in the charging of the in-vehicle secondary battery 37 (the same applies to the in-vehicle secondary batteries 38 to 41), it takes about 30 minutes for the charging rate to change from 0% to 80%, but from 80% to 100%. It takes about 70 minutes to complete.
Therefore, if the charging of the in-vehicle secondary battery 37 is terminated before the charging rate exceeds 80% and the rate of increase of the charging rate with respect to the charging time decreases, the charging efficiency can be improved and the time required for charging can be shortened. I understand.

統合充放電制御部４３は、充電の効率化のため、充電率が７０〜９０％（本実施の形態では８０％）の範囲で予め設定された充電終了値に達したのを検知したとき、充電電流制御部１８〜２２に信号を送り車載二次電池３７〜４１の充電を強制的に終了させるようにしている。
統合充放電制御部４３は、充電電流制御部１８（充電電流制御部１９〜２２についても同じ）に電気自動車１２が接続されたとき、充電電流制御部１８を介して電気自動車１２の車載二次電池３７の容量を受けて、記憶している充電パターンの中からその検知した車載二次電池３７の容量に対応する充電パターンを特定する。 When the integrated charge / discharge control unit 43 detects that the charge rate has reached a preset charge end value within a range of 70 to 90% (80% in the present embodiment) for efficiency of charging, A signal is sent to the charging current control units 18 to 22 to forcibly terminate the charging of the in-vehicle secondary batteries 37 to 41.
When the electric vehicle 12 is connected to the charging current control unit 18 (the same applies to the charging current control units 19 to 22), the integrated charging / discharging control unit 43 receives the on-vehicle secondary of the electric vehicle 12 via the charging current control unit 18. In response to the capacity of the battery 37, the charging pattern corresponding to the detected capacity of the in-vehicle secondary battery 37 is specified from the stored charging patterns.

そして、充電電流制御部１８が車載二次電池３７に充電を開始した後、統合充放電制御部４３は、充電電流制御部１８が車載二次電池３７に供給している電力の電流値を充電電流制御部１８を介して検出する。
電気自動車１２の車載二次電池３７の充電率が８０％のとき、図２（Ｂ）に示すように、車載二次電池３７に供給される電力の電流値は特定の値Ｑ（本実施の形態ではＱは約３８Ａ）である。充電電流制御部１８は、電流値がＱになったのを検知したとき、充電電流制御部１８に充電を終了させることにより、車載二次電池３７の充電を充電率が約８０％になった状態で終了することができる。これにより、例えば充電率が０％の車載二次電池３７を充電するにあたって、充電率を１００％にする場合には約１００分かかった充電時間が約３０分になり、充電自体にかかる時間を短縮することができる。 Then, after the charging current control unit 18 starts charging the in-vehicle secondary battery 37, the integrated charging / discharging control unit 43 charges the current value of the power supplied to the in-vehicle secondary battery 37 by the charging current control unit 18. Detection is performed via the current control unit 18.
When the charging rate of the in-vehicle secondary battery 37 of the electric vehicle 12 is 80%, the current value of the electric power supplied to the in-vehicle secondary battery 37 is a specific value Q (this embodiment) as shown in FIG. In the form Q is about 38A). When the charging current control unit 18 detects that the current value has become Q, the charging current control unit 18 terminates the charging, whereby the charging rate of the in-vehicle secondary battery 37 is approximately 80%. You can exit with the state. As a result, for example, when charging the in-vehicle secondary battery 37 with a charging rate of 0%, when the charging rate is set to 100%, the charging time which took about 100 minutes is about 30 minutes, and the time required for charging itself is reduced. It can be shortened.

次に、充電にやってきた電気自動車に、充電開始までに待ち時間が生じるか否かを調べるために行ったシミュレーション結果について説明する。
本シミュレーションは、車載二次電池の充電率が８０％に達したときに充電を終了する場合に、バッファ用高速充電電池に蓄えられている電力（Ａｈ）がどのように推移するかを示すものである。本シミュレーションでは、交流電源（商用電源）から供給される電力は、直接、電気自動車の充電に用いずに、全てをバッファ用高速充電電池の充電のために使用することとしている。そして、車載二次電池及びバッファ用高速充電電池には、それぞれ車載二次電池３７及びバッファ用高速充電電池１７をそれぞれ想定し、交流電源からバッファ用高速充電電池への充電レートを２Ｃとしてシミュレーションを行った。
また、本シミュレーションでは、以下の式１にα＝１．５、β＝２０を代入して得られるワイブル分布（図３参照）を基に発生させた乱数を、充電に来る電気自動車に搭載された車載二次電池の充電率としている。
ｆ（ｘ、α、β）＝（α／βα）（ｘα―１）ｅｘｐ｛−（ｘ／β）α｝ (式１) Next, a description will be given of a simulation result performed for examining whether or not a waiting time is generated before charging starts in an electric vehicle that has been charged.
This simulation shows how the power (Ah) stored in the high-speed rechargeable battery for the battery changes when charging is terminated when the charge rate of the in-vehicle secondary battery reaches 80% It is. In this simulation, the power supplied from the AC power supply (commercial power supply) is not directly used for charging the electric vehicle, but is used for charging the buffer fast charge battery. The in-vehicle secondary battery 37 and the buffer high-speed rechargeable battery are assumed to be the in-vehicle secondary battery 37 and the buffer high-speed rechargeable battery 17, respectively, and the simulation is performed with the charging rate from the AC power source to the buffer high-speed rechargeable battery being 2C. went.
In this simulation, a random number generated based on the Weibull distribution (see FIG. 3) obtained by substituting α = 1.5 and β = 20 into the following equation 1 is mounted on the electric vehicle that comes to charge. The charging rate for in-vehicle secondary batteries.
f (x, α, β) = (α / β α ) (x α−1 ) exp {− (x / β) α } (Formula 1)

式１において、ｆは確率密度を示し、ｘは充電率の値を示す。
ここで、式１のα及びβをα＝１．５、β＝２０としたのは、図３に示すように、充電に来る電気自動車は充電率が１０％程度の状態が最も多く、充電率が６０％を上回っていれば充電に来る電気自動車が極めて少なくなるという推定を基にしたためである。
図４に示された充電に来る電気自動車の充電率を表す模擬データは、図３に示すワイブル分布を基に乱数を発生させたものであり、この模擬データを用いて１２時間の営業時間中に２４台の電気自動車が充電に来る場合と、１２時間で３５台の電気自動車が充電に来る場合についてシミュレーションを行った結果を図５、図６にそれぞれ示す。 In Equation 1, f indicates the probability density, and x indicates the value of the charging rate.
Here, α and β in Equation 1 are set to α = 1.5 and β = 20, as shown in FIG. 3, as shown in FIG. This is because it is based on the assumption that if the rate exceeds 60%, there will be very few electric vehicles for charging.
The simulated data representing the charging rate of the electric vehicle coming to the charging shown in FIG. 4 is a random number generated based on the Weibull distribution shown in FIG. 3, and this simulated data is used during 12 hours of business hours. FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 show the results of simulations for the case where 24 electric vehicles come to charge and the case where 35 electric vehicles come to charge in 12 hours.

１２時間で２４台の電気自動車が来る場合のシミュレーション結果は、図５に示すように、バッファ用高速充電電池の最小の電力残量は３９Ａｈを少しきる程度であり、バッファ用高速充電電池に電気自動車を充電するための電力がなくなる状態にはならなかった。また、１２時間で３５台の電気自動車が来る場合についても、図６に示すように、バッファ用高速充電電池の最小の電力残量は１６Ａｈを僅かにきる程度であり、バッファ用高速充電電池に電力がなくなる状態にはならなかった。
従って、このシミュレーションでは、バッファ用高速充電電池の電力残量が無くなることはなく、充電にきた電気自動車が充電開始まで待たされることはないという結果になった。 As shown in FIG. 5, the simulation result when 24 electric vehicles come in 12 hours is that the minimum remaining power of the buffer fast charge battery is a little less than 39 Ah. The power to charge the car did not run out. Also, in the case where 35 electric vehicles come in 12 hours, as shown in FIG. 6, the minimum remaining power of the buffer high-speed charging battery is slightly less than 16 Ah. The power did not go out.
Therefore, in this simulation, the remaining power of the buffer high-speed rechargeable battery is not lost, and the result is that the electric vehicle that has been charged does not wait for the start of charging.

しかし、仮に運悪く、車載二次電池の充電率が低い電気自動車が集中した場合には、バッファ用高速充電電池に蓄えられている電力が電気自動車への充電中になくなるという事態が生じ得る。そして、充電中にバッファ用高速充電電池の電力がなくなった場合、バッファ用高速充電電池からその電気自動車への充電を再開するためには、バッファ用高速充電電池に電力が蓄えられるのを待つ必要がある。 However, if the electric vehicle with a low charge rate of the in-vehicle secondary battery is concentrated, the power stored in the buffer high-speed charging battery may be lost during charging of the electric vehicle. When the power of the buffer fast charge battery runs out during charging, it is necessary to wait for power to be stored in the buffer fast charge battery in order to resume charging from the buffer fast charge battery to the electric vehicle. There is.

そこで急速充電装置１０では、バッファ用高速充電電池１７が車載二次電池への充電中に充電率０％になるのを回避するための制御を行っている。
統合充放電制御部４３は、充電電流制御部１８〜２２のいずれかに新たに電気自動車が接続されたとき、電気自動車が接続された充電電流制御部１８〜２２を介して、その新たに接続された電気自動車の車載二次電池の容量を検知する。統合充放電制御部４３は、この検知した車載二次電池の容量に対応する一の充電パターンを記憶している複数の充電パターンから特定し、その特定した充電パターンを基に、その新たに接続された電気自動車の車載二次電池を充電率０％から８０％（充電終了値）にするのに必要な電力Ｐｆを算出する。 Therefore, in the quick charging apparatus 10, control is performed to prevent the buffer high-speed charging battery 17 from becoming 0% during charging of the in-vehicle secondary battery.
When the electric vehicle is newly connected to any of the charging current control units 18 to 22, the integrated charge / discharge control unit 43 is newly connected via the charging current control units 18 to 22 to which the electric vehicle is connected. The capacity of the in-vehicle secondary battery of the electric vehicle is detected. The integrated charge / discharge control unit 43 identifies a plurality of charge patterns storing one charge pattern corresponding to the detected capacity of the in-vehicle secondary battery, and newly connects based on the identified charge pattern. The electric power Pf required to change the in-vehicle secondary battery of the electric vehicle thus obtained from 0% to 80% (charging end value) is calculated.

以下の説明では、便宜上、電気自動車１２〜１５が充電電流制御部１８〜２１にそれぞれ接続され、電気自動車１６が充電電流制御部２２に新たに接続される場合について記載する（図１参照）。そして、車載二次電池３７には商用電源１１で直流に変換された電力が直接、充電電流制御部１８を介して供給され、車載二次電池３８〜４０にはそれぞれ充電電流制御部１９〜２１を介してバッファ用高速充電電池１７に蓄えられている電力が供給されていることとする。 In the following description, for convenience, the case where the electric vehicles 12 to 15 are connected to the charging current control units 18 to 21 and the electric vehicle 16 is newly connected to the charging current control unit 22 will be described (see FIG. 1). And the electric power converted into direct current with the commercial power supply 11 is directly supplied to the vehicle-mounted secondary battery 37 via the charging current control unit 18, and the charging current control units 19 to 21 are respectively supplied to the vehicle-mounted secondary batteries 38 to 40. It is assumed that the electric power stored in the buffer high-speed rechargeable battery 17 is supplied via

統合充放電制御部４３は、新たに電気自動車１６が接続された充電電流制御部２２以外の他の充電電流制御部１８〜２１が、バッファ用高速充電電池１７から充電中の車載二次電池３８〜４０に供給している電力の電流値を基に、充電電流制御部１８〜２１が現在行っている充電を全て終了するまでにバッファ用高速充電電池１７から出力される予測消費電力を算出する。 The integrated charging / discharging control unit 43 is configured so that the charging current control units 18 to 21 other than the charging current control unit 22 to which the electric vehicle 16 is newly connected are being charged from the buffer high-speed charging battery 17. Based on the current value of the power supplied to ˜40, the predicted power consumption output from the buffer high-speed rechargeable battery 17 until the charging current control units 18-21 finish all the current charging is calculated. .

次に、統合充放電制御部４３は、バッファ用高速充電電池１７に蓄えられている現在の電力から予測消費電力を差し引いた電力Ｐｕを算出し、電力Ｐｆと電力Ｐｕの値の大小関係により、
１）電力Ｐｕが電力Ｐｆ以上（Ｐｕ≧Ｐｆ）の場合、新たに接続された電気自動車１６の車載二次電池４１への充電を充電電流制御部２２に行わせ、
２）電力Ｐｕが電力Ｐｆ未満（Ｐｕ＜Ｐｆ）の場合には、新たに接続された電気自動車１６の車載二次電池４１への充電を充電電流制御部２２に行わせないという制御をする。 Next, the integrated charge / discharge control unit 43 calculates the power Pu obtained by subtracting the predicted power consumption from the current power stored in the buffer fast charge battery 17, and the magnitude relationship between the values of the power Pf and the power Pu
1) When the electric power Pu is equal to or higher than the electric power Pf (Pu ≧ Pf), the charging current control unit 22 is charged with the in-vehicle secondary battery 41 of the newly connected electric vehicle 16,
2) When the electric power Pu is less than the electric power Pf (Pu <Pf), the charging current control unit 22 is controlled not to charge the in-vehicle secondary battery 41 of the newly connected electric vehicle 16.

ここで、図２（Ａ）に示すように、車載二次電池３８（車載二次電池３９、４０についても同じ）の充電率が低く定電流充電が行われているとき、充電電流制御部１９から車載二次電池３８に供給される電力の電流値を基にして、その車載二次電池３８の充電を終了するまでに必要な電力を特定することはできない。従って、統合充放電制御部４３は、充電電流制御部１９〜２１が定電流充電を行っているのを検知したとき、車載二次電池３８〜４０の充電率が０％である場合に充電に必要な電力値の合計を、予測消費電力の算出のために用いる。
一方、統合充放電制御部４３は、定電圧充電が行われているのを検知したとき、車載二次電池３８〜４０に供給している電流値から、車載二次電池３８〜４０の充電を終了するまでに必要な電力をそれぞれ算出して、この算出した各電力を合計して予想消費電力を導出する。 Here, as shown in FIG. 2A, when the charging rate of the in-vehicle secondary battery 38 (the same applies to the in-vehicle secondary batteries 39 and 40) is low and the constant current charging is performed, the charging current control unit 19 From the current value of the electric power supplied to the in-vehicle secondary battery 38, the electric power required until the charging of the in-vehicle secondary battery 38 cannot be specified. Therefore, the integrated charge / discharge control unit 43 is charged when the charge rate of the in-vehicle secondary batteries 38 to 40 is 0% when detecting that the charge current control units 19 to 21 are performing constant current charging. The total required power value is used for calculating the predicted power consumption.
On the other hand, when the integrated charge / discharge control unit 43 detects that constant voltage charging is performed, the integrated charge / discharge control unit 43 charges the in-vehicle secondary batteries 38 to 40 from the current value supplied to the in-vehicle secondary batteries 38 to 40. The power required until the end is calculated, and the calculated power is summed to derive the expected power consumption.

急速充電装置１０では、統合充放電制御部４３が車載二次電池の容量ごとの充電パターンを記憶していたが、車載二次電池を充電する際の車載二次電池の充電率の変化を表す充電率変化パターンを記憶した統合充放電制御部４３ａを設けることもできる。
統合充放電制御部４３ａを有する、図７に示す急速充電装置１０ａは、充電中の車載二次電池に供給している電力の電流値を基準にする代わりに、充電中の車載二次電池の充電率を基準に車載二次電池への充電終了のタイミングを検知する。また、急速充電装置１０ａは、新たに接続された電気自動車に搭載されている車載二次電池の容量と充電率を電気自動車から受けて、車載二次電池を現在の充電率から８０％の充電率にするのに必要な電力を算出することができる。
以下、急速充電装置１０ａについて説明する。なお、急速充電装置１０と同一の構成要素については同一の符号を付して詳しい説明を省略する。 In the quick charging apparatus 10, the integrated charge / discharge control unit 43 stores the charging pattern for each capacity of the in-vehicle secondary battery, but represents a change in the charging rate of the in-vehicle secondary battery when charging the in-vehicle secondary battery. An integrated charge / discharge control unit 43a that stores the charge rate change pattern may be provided.
The rapid charging apparatus 10a shown in FIG. 7 having the integrated charge / discharge control unit 43a is configured to replace the current value of the electric power supplied to the on-vehicle secondary battery being charged, instead of the current value of the on-vehicle secondary battery being charged. The timing of completion of charging to the in-vehicle secondary battery is detected based on the charging rate. In addition, the quick charging device 10a receives the capacity and charging rate of the in-vehicle secondary battery mounted on the newly connected electric vehicle from the electric vehicle, and charges the in-vehicle secondary battery at 80% from the current charging rate. It is possible to calculate the power required to make the rate.
Hereinafter, the rapid charging apparatus 10a will be described. In addition, about the component same as the quick-charge apparatus 10, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

統合充放電制御部４３ａに搭載されているメモリ４４ａには、車載二次電池の異なる容量ごとに相異する充電率変化パターンが記憶されている。充電率変化パターンは、車載二次電池を充電する際にその充電中の車載二次電池の充電率の変化を表したものであり、例えば入力デバイス（例えばキーボード）からの操作によりメモリ４４ａに予め設定することができる。 The memory 44a mounted on the integrated charge / discharge control unit 43a stores different charge rate change patterns for different capacities of the in-vehicle secondary battery. The charge rate change pattern represents a change in the charge rate of the in-vehicle secondary battery that is being charged when the in-vehicle secondary battery is charged. For example, the charge rate change pattern is previously stored in the memory 44a by an operation from an input device (for example, a keyboard). Can be set.

急速充電装置１０ａに設けられた充電電流制御部１８ａ〜２２ａは、それぞれ充電電流制御部１８ａ〜２２ａに接続される電気自動車１２〜１６からＣＡＮ４２を介して電気自動車１２〜１６にそれぞれ搭載されている車載二次電池３７〜４１の充電率を検知することができる。
統合充放電制御部４３ａは、充電電流制御部１８ａ〜２２ａを介してそれぞれ電気自動車１２〜１６の充電率を検出し、電気自動車１２〜１６の充電率が８０％（充電終了値）になったのを検知したとき、電気自動車１２〜１６への充電を終了する。 The charging current control units 18a to 22a provided in the quick charging device 10a are respectively mounted on the electric vehicles 12 to 16 via the CAN 42 from the electric vehicles 12 to 16 connected to the charging current control units 18a to 22a. The charging rate of the in-vehicle secondary batteries 37 to 41 can be detected.
The integrated charge / discharge control unit 43a detects the charging rate of the electric vehicles 12-16 via the charging current control units 18a-22a, respectively, and the charging rate of the electric vehicles 12-16 reaches 80% (charging end value). When this is detected, the charging of the electric vehicles 12 to 16 is terminated.

また、車載二次電池３７（車載二次電池３８〜４１についても同じ）の充電率は、図２（Ａ）に示すように、電流値と異なり充電中は１００％になるまで増加を続け、一定の値を維持することはないので、当然ながら一の充電率の値から充電率を８０％にするまでに必要な電力を算出可能である。
そして、統合充放電制御部４３ａは、電気自動車１２（電気自動車１３〜１６についても同じ）の最大蓄積電力を０．８倍することによって、充電率０％の電気自動車１２を充電率８０％にするのに必要な電力量を算出することが可能である。 Further, the charging rate of the in-vehicle secondary battery 37 (the same applies to the in-vehicle secondary batteries 38 to 41) continues to increase until it reaches 100% during charging, unlike the current value, as shown in FIG. Since a constant value is not maintained, it is needless to say that it is possible to calculate the power required until the charging rate is 80% from the value of one charging rate.
Then, the integrated charge / discharge control unit 43a multiplies the maximum stored power of the electric vehicle 12 (the same applies to the electric vehicles 13 to 16) by 0.8, thereby changing the electric vehicle 12 with a charging rate of 0% to a charging rate of 80%. It is possible to calculate the amount of power necessary to do this.

統合充放電制御部４３ａは、充電電流制御部１８ａ〜２２ａのいずれかに新たに電気自動車が接続されたときには、その新たに接続された電気自動車の車載二次電池の容量及び現在の充電率を検出して、記憶している充電率変化パターン及びその検出した車載二次電池の容量を基にその新たに接続された電気自動車の車載二次電池の充電率を現在の充電率から８０％（充電終了値）にするのに必要な電力Ｐｆ’を算出する。
以下に、電気自動車１２〜１５が充電電流制御部１８ａ〜２１ａにそれぞれ接続され、電気自動車１６が充電電流制御部２２ａに新たに接続される場合における統合充放電制御部４３ａが行う充電電流制御部２２ａの制御を説明する。ここで、電気自動車１２には商用電源１１で直流に変換された電力が直接、充電電流制御部１８ａを介して供給され、電気自動車１３〜１５にはそれぞれ充電電流制御部１９ａ〜２１ａを介してバッファ用高速充電電池１７に蓄えられている電力が供給されていることとする。 When an electric vehicle is newly connected to any one of the charging current control units 18a to 22a, the integrated charge / discharge control unit 43a determines the capacity and the current charging rate of the in-vehicle secondary battery of the newly connected electric vehicle. Based on the detected charging rate change pattern and the detected capacity of the in-vehicle secondary battery, the charging rate of the in-vehicle secondary battery of the newly connected electric vehicle is 80% from the current charging rate ( The electric power Pf ′ required to obtain the (charge end value) is calculated.
Below, the charging current control part which the integrated charging / discharging control part 43a performs when the electric vehicles 12-15 are respectively connected to the charging current control parts 18a-21a and the electric car 16 is newly connected to the charging current control part 22a. The control of 22a will be described. Here, the electric vehicle 12 is directly supplied with electric power converted into direct current by the commercial power supply 11 via the charging current control unit 18a, and the electric vehicles 13 to 15 via the charging current control units 19a to 21a, respectively. It is assumed that the electric power stored in the buffer fast charge battery 17 is supplied.

統合充放電制御部４３ａは、新たに電気自動車１６が接続された充電電流制御部２２ａ以外でバッファ用高速充電電池１７の電力を使用している他の充電電流制御部１９ａ〜２１ａが現在行っている充電を全て終了するまでにバッファ用高速充電電池１７から出力される予測消費電力を算出する。予測消費電力は、充電電流制御部１９ａ〜２１ａによって充電されている車載二次電池３８〜４０のそれぞれについて、現在の充電率と容量を基にして充電率を８０％にするのに必要な電力を算出し、これらを合算することで求めることができる。 The integrated charging / discharging control unit 43a is currently performed by other charging current control units 19a to 21a that use the power of the buffer fast charging battery 17 other than the charging current control unit 22a to which the electric vehicle 16 is newly connected. The predicted power consumption output from the buffer high-speed rechargeable battery 17 is calculated until all charging is completed. The predicted power consumption is the power required to bring the charging rate to 80% based on the current charging rate and capacity for each of the in-vehicle secondary batteries 38 to 40 charged by the charging current control units 19a to 21a. Can be obtained by calculating and summing them.

次に、統合充放電制御部４３ａは、バッファ用高速充電電池１７に蓄えられている電力から予測消費電力を差し引いた電力Ｐｕ’を算出し、電力Ｐｆ’と電力Ｐｕ’の値の大小関係により、
１）電力Ｐｕ’が電力Ｐｆ’以上（Ｐｕ’≧Ｐｆ’）の場合、新たに接続された電気自動車１６の車載二次電池４１への充電を充電電流制御部２２ａに行わせ、
２）電力Ｐｕ’が電力Ｐｆ’未満（Ｐｕ’＜Ｐｆ’）の場合には、新たに接続された電気自動車１６の車載二次電池４１への充電を充電電流制御部２２ａに行わせないという制御をする。 Next, the integrated charge / discharge control unit 43a calculates the electric power Pu ′ obtained by subtracting the predicted power consumption from the electric power stored in the buffer high-speed charging battery 17, and the magnitude relationship between the values of the electric power Pf ′ and the electric power Pu ′ is calculated. ,
1) When the electric power Pu ′ is equal to or higher than the electric power Pf ′ (Pu ′ ≧ Pf ′), the charging current control unit 22a performs charging of the in-vehicle secondary battery 41 of the newly connected electric vehicle 16;
2) When the electric power Pu ′ is less than the electric power Pf ′ (Pu ′ <Pf ′), the charging current control unit 22a is not allowed to charge the in-vehicle secondary battery 41 of the newly connected electric vehicle 16 Take control.

また、急速充電装置１０（急速充電装置１０ａについても同じ）では、充電電流制御部１８〜２２と同数のコネクタ２８が設けられていたが、充電電流制御部の数を減少させるために充電電流制御部とコネクタの間、即ち充電電流制御部と電気自動車の間に、クロスバースイッチ接続回路４６を配置することもできる。クロスバースイッチ接続回路４６が設けられた急速充電装置１０ｂについて以下に説明する。なお、急速充電装置１０、１０ａと同一の構成要素については同一の符号を付して詳しい説明を省略する。 Moreover, in the quick charging device 10 (the same applies to the quick charging device 10a), the same number of connectors 28 as the charging current control units 18 to 22 are provided. However, in order to reduce the number of charging current control units, the charging current control is performed. A crossbar switch connection circuit 46 may be disposed between the circuit unit and the connector, that is, between the charging current control unit and the electric vehicle. The quick charging device 10b provided with the crossbar switch connection circuit 46 will be described below. In addition, about the component same as the quick-charge apparatus 10 and 10a, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

急速充電装置１０ｂは、図８に示すようにクロスバースイッチ接続回路４６の回路接続を制御する統合充放電制御部４３ｂと複数の（本実施の形態では３つ）の充電電流制御部１８ｂ〜２０ｂを備えている。
クロスバースイッチ接続回路４６には、充電電流制御部１８ｂ〜２０ｂの数より多い複数（本実施の形態では５つ）のコネクタ２８が電源線２５ｃ及びＣＡＮ４２を介して連結されており、統合充放電制御部４３ｂは、必要に応じて充電電流制御部１８ｂ〜２０ｂとコネクタ２８を接続する。なお、ここでいう充電電流制御部１８ｂ〜２０ｂとコネクタ２８の接続とはＣＡＮ４２と電源線２５ｃの両方を接続することを意味する。 As shown in FIG. 8, the quick charging device 10b includes an integrated charge / discharge control unit 43b that controls circuit connection of the crossbar switch connection circuit 46 and a plurality (three in this embodiment) of charge current control units 18b to 20b. It has.
The crossbar switch connection circuit 46 is connected to a plurality (five in this embodiment) of connectors 28 that are larger than the number of charging current control units 18b to 20b via the power supply line 25c and the CAN 42, and integrated charging / discharging. The control unit 43b connects the charging current control units 18b to 20b and the connector 28 as necessary. Here, the connection of the charging current control units 18b to 20b and the connector 28 means that both the CAN 42 and the power supply line 25c are connected.

クロスバースイッチ接続回路４６は、統合充放電制御部４３ｂから通信線２６ａを介して信号が送られると、車載二次電池への充電を行っていない充電電流制御部１８ｂ〜２０ｂがある場合には、充電のために新たに急速充電装置１０ｂの設置場所にやってきた電気自動車を、充電を行っていない充電電流制御部１８ｂ〜２０ｂに接続（ＣＡＮ４２と電源線２５の両方を接続）する。
一方、全ての充電電流制御部１８ｂ〜２０ｂが車載二次電池に対して充電を行っている場合には、充電電流制御部１８ｂ〜２０ｂのいずれかが充電を終了するのを待って、その充電が終了した充電電流制御部１８ｂ〜２０ｂに新たにやってきた電気自動車を接続する。 When a signal is sent from the integrated charge / discharge control unit 43b via the communication line 26a, the crossbar switch connection circuit 46 has the charge current control units 18b to 20b that do not charge the in-vehicle secondary battery. Then, the electric vehicle that has newly arrived at the place of installation of the quick charging device 10b for charging is connected to the charging current control units 18b to 20b that are not charging (both the CAN 42 and the power line 25 are connected).
On the other hand, when all the charging current control units 18b to 20b are charging the in-vehicle secondary battery, the charging current control unit 18b to 20b waits for any of the charging current control units 18b to 20b to finish the charging, and then the charging is performed. The newly arrived electric vehicle is connected to the charging current control units 18b to 20b.

統合充放電制御部４３ｂは、充電電流制御部１８ｂ〜２０ｂがそれぞれ車載二次電池３７〜３９に充電中で、一のコネクタ２８に連結された電気自動車１５が充電待ち状態のときに、更に電気自動車１６が充電のため他のコネクタ２８に連結される場合には、電気自動車１５、１６のコネクタ２８への連結順を記憶し、コネクタ２８に連結された順番で電気自動車１５の車載二次電池４０と電気自動車１６の車載二次電池４１への充電が開始されるようにクロスバースイッチ接続回路４６を作動する。
例えば、充電電流制御部１８ｂが充電を終了した場合、統合充放電制御部４３ｂは、クロスバースイッチ接続回路４６を作動して、充電電流制御部１８ｂを電気自動車１５が連結されているコネクタ２８に接続する。そして、統合充放電制御部４３ｂは、次に充電を終了した充電電流制御部１８ｂ〜２０ｂを、電気自動車１６が連結されているコネクタ２８に接続する。 The integrated charge / discharge control unit 43b further charges the electric current when the charging current control units 18b to 20b are charging the in-vehicle secondary batteries 37 to 39 and the electric vehicle 15 connected to the one connector 28 is in a charging standby state. When the automobile 16 is connected to another connector 28 for charging, the order in which the electric vehicles 15 and 16 are connected to the connector 28 is stored, and the in-vehicle secondary battery of the electric vehicle 15 is stored in the order connected to the connector 28. The crossbar switch connection circuit 46 is operated so that charging of the in-vehicle secondary battery 41 of the electric vehicle 16 and the electric vehicle 16 is started.
For example, when the charging current control unit 18b finishes charging, the integrated charging / discharging control unit 43b operates the crossbar switch connection circuit 46 to connect the charging current control unit 18b to the connector 28 to which the electric vehicle 15 is connected. Connecting. Then, the integrated charge / discharge control unit 43b connects the charging current control units 18b to 20b that have finished charging next to the connector 28 to which the electric vehicle 16 is coupled.

クロスバースイッチ接続回路４６は、クロスバースイッチ接続回路４６の充電電流制御部１８ｂ〜２０ｂと複数のコネクタ２８の接続状態に関係なく、いずれのコネクタ２８に電気自動車が連結されたても、統合充放電制御部４３ｂがその連結を検知できるような配線を有している。
なお、統合充放電制御部４３ｂの充電電流制御部１８ｂ〜２０ｂに対する電気自動車の充電制御は、前述した統合充放電制御部４３、４３ａのいずれかを用いることが可能であり、統合充放電制御部４３ｂは、１）充電パターン、あるいは、２）充電率変化パターンと車載二次電池の容量のいずれかが記憶されたメモリ４４ｂが搭載されている。 Regardless of the connection state of the charging current control units 18b to 20b of the crossbar switch connection circuit 46 and the plurality of connectors 28, the crossbar switch connection circuit 46 is integrated and charged regardless of which connector 28 is connected to the electric vehicle. The discharge control unit 43b has wiring that can detect the connection.
In addition, the charge control of the electric vehicle with respect to the charge current control units 18b to 20b of the integrated charge / discharge control unit 43b can use any of the integrated charge / discharge control units 43 and 43a described above, and the integrated charge / discharge control unit. 43b is mounted with a memory 44b that stores either 1) a charge pattern or 2) a charge rate change pattern and the capacity of the in-vehicle secondary battery.

以上、本発明の実施の形態を説明したが、本発明は、上記した形態に限定されるものでなく、要旨を逸脱しない条件の変更等は全て本発明の適用範囲である。
例えば、バッファ用高速充電電池に充電可能な最大の電力量は、１２０Ａｈに限定されず、急速充電装置の設置場所に充電に来ることが予想される電気自動車の数等に応じて最適な容量にすることができる。
また、急速充電装置に設けられる充電電流制御部の数は５つに限定されず、急速充電装置の設置場所に充電に来る電気自動車の数等に応じて適切な数にすることができる。 Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and all changes in conditions and the like that do not depart from the gist are within the scope of the present invention.
For example, the maximum amount of power that can be charged in the buffer high-speed rechargeable battery is not limited to 120 Ah, and the optimum capacity is obtained according to the number of electric vehicles expected to come to the place where the quick charger is installed. can do.
Further, the number of charging current control units provided in the quick charging device is not limited to five, and can be set to an appropriate number according to the number of electric vehicles coming to charge at the place where the quick charging device is installed.

１０、１０ａ、１０ｂ：急速充電装置、１１：商用電源、１２〜１６：電気自動車、１７：バッファ用高速充電電池、１８、１８ａ、１８ｂ、１９、１９ａ、１９ｂ、２０、２０ａ、２０ｂ、２１、２１ａ、２２、２２ａ：充電電流制御部、２４：充電制御部、２５、２５ａ、２５ｂ、２５ｃ：電源線、２６、２６ａ、２６ｂ：通信線、２７：車側コネクタ、２８：コネクタ、３２〜３６：ＥＣＵ、３７〜４１：車載二次電池、４２：ＣＡＮ、４３、４３ａ、４３ｂ：統合充放電制御部、４４、４４ａ、４４ｂ：メモリ、４６：クロスバースイッチ接続回路
10, 10a, 10b: rapid charging device, 11: commercial power supply, 12-16: electric vehicle, 17: fast charging battery for buffer, 18, 18a, 18b, 19, 19a, 19b, 20, 20a, 20b, 21, 21a, 22, 22a: charging current control unit, 24: charging control unit, 25, 25a, 25b, 25c: power line, 26, 26a, 26b: communication line, 27: vehicle side connector, 28: connector, 32-36 : ECU, 37 to 41: In-vehicle secondary battery, 42: CAN, 43, 43a, 43b: Integrated charge / discharge control unit, 44, 44a, 44b: Memory, 46: Crossbar switch connection circuit

Claims (6)

商用電源から供給され、交流から直流に変換された電力を電気自動車を充電するために蓄えるバッファ用高速充電電池と、前記電気自動車に接続可能で、前記バッファ用高速充電電池に蓄えられた電力を供給して、接続されている前記電気自動車に搭載された車載二次電池を充電する充電電流制御部とが設けられた急速充電装置であって、
前記充電電流制御部は複数あって、前記各充電電流制御部に対して、前記電気自動車への充電を開始させるか否かの制御をし、しかも充電のために前記電気自動車に供給される電力の電流値及び電圧値の変化を表す充電パターンを、該車載二次電池の異なる容量ごとに記憶した統合充放電制御部を有し、
前記統合充放電制御部は、前記充電パターンを参照して前記充電電流制御部から充電中の前記車載二次電池に供給されている電力の電流値を基に、充電中の該車載二次電池の充電率が７０〜９０％の範囲で予め設定された充電終了値に達したのを検知したとき、前記充電電流制御部に前記車載二次電池の充電を終了させ、しかも、複数の前記充電電流制御部のいずれかに新たに前記電気自動車が接続されたときには、前記充電電流制御部を介して新たに接続された該電気自動車の前記車載二次電池の容量を受けて、前記充電パターンを基に新たに接続された該電気自動車の前記車載二次電池の充電率を０％から前記充電終了値にするのに必要な電力Ｐｆを算出すると共に、他の前記各充電電流制御部が充電中の前記車載二次電池に供給している電力の電流値を基に、複数の前記充電電流制御部が現在行っている充電を全て終了するまでに前記バッファ用高速充電電池から出力される予測消費電力を算出し、
１）前記バッファ用高速充電電池に蓄えられている電力から前記予測消費電力を差し引いた電力Ｐｕが、前記電力Ｐｆ以上の場合には、新たに接続された前記電気自動車の前記車載二次電池への充電を前記充電電流制御部に行わせ、
２）前記電力Ｐｕが前記電力Ｐｆ未満の場合には、新たに接続された前記電気自動車の前記車載二次電池への充電を前記充電電流制御部に行わせないことを特徴とする急速充電装置。 A fast charge battery for a buffer that stores power supplied from a commercial power source and converted from alternating current to direct current for charging an electric vehicle, and a power that can be connected to the electric vehicle and that is stored in the fast charge battery for a buffer. A quick charging apparatus provided with a charging current control unit for supplying and charging a vehicle-mounted secondary battery mounted on the connected electric vehicle,
There are a plurality of the charging current control units, each of the charging current control units is controlled whether to start charging the electric vehicle, and the electric power supplied to the electric vehicle for charging An integrated charge / discharge control unit that stores a charge pattern representing a change in current value and voltage value for each different capacity of the in-vehicle secondary battery,
The integrated charging / discharging control unit refers to the charging pattern, and the in-vehicle secondary battery being charged is based on a current value of power supplied from the charging current control unit to the in-vehicle secondary battery being charged. When the charging rate is detected to reach a preset charging end value in the range of 70 to 90%, the charging current control unit terminates charging of the in-vehicle secondary battery, and a plurality of the charging is performed. When the electric vehicle is newly connected to one of the current control units, the charge pattern is received by receiving the capacity of the in-vehicle secondary battery of the electric vehicle newly connected via the charging current control unit. The electric power Pf required to change the charging rate of the in-vehicle secondary battery of the newly connected electric vehicle from 0% to the charging end value is calculated based on the charging current control unit. Supply to the in-vehicle secondary battery Calculated based on the current value of the electric power, the predicted power consumption the output from the high-speed charging battery buffer before terminating all charging a plurality of the charging current control unit is currently performing,
1) When the electric power Pu obtained by subtracting the predicted power consumption from the electric power stored in the buffer fast-charge battery is equal to or higher than the electric power Pf, to the in-vehicle secondary battery of the newly connected electric vehicle Charging the charging current control unit,
2) When the electric power Pu is less than the electric power Pf, the charging current controller is not allowed to charge the in-vehicle secondary battery of the newly connected electric vehicle. . 請求項１記載の急速充電装置において、前記充電電流制御部と前記電気自動車の間には、クロスバースイッチ接続回路が配置され、該クロスバースイッチ接続回路は、前記電気自動車の前記車載二次電池への充電を行っていない前記充電電流制御部がある場合には、新たにやってきた前記電気自動車を、充電を行っていない前記充電電流制御部に接続し、全ての前記充電電流制御部が充電を行っている場合には、該充電電流制御部のいずれかが充電を終了するのを待って、その充電が終了した前記充電電流制御部に新たにやってきた前記電気自動車を接続することを特徴とする急速充電装置。 2. The rapid charging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a crossbar switch connection circuit is disposed between the charging current control unit and the electric vehicle, and the crossbar switch connection circuit is the in-vehicle secondary battery of the electric vehicle. If there is the charging current control unit that has not been charged, the electric vehicle that has been newly connected is connected to the charging current control unit that has not been charged, and all the charging current control units are charged. In the case of performing the charging, it waits for any of the charging current control units to finish charging, and connects the newly arrived electric vehicle to the charging current control unit that has completed the charging. And quick charger. 請求項１又は２記載の急速充電装置において、前記充電電流制御部は、前記商用電源から供給され、交流から直流に変換された電力を、前記バッファ用高速充電電池に蓄えることなく直接前記電気自動車の前記車載二次電池に供給して充電することができることを特徴とする急速充電装置。 3. The rapid charging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the charging current control unit directly supplies the electric power supplied from the commercial power source and converted from alternating current to direct current without storing in the buffer high-speed charging battery. A quick charging device characterized in that it can be supplied and charged to the in-vehicle secondary battery. 商用電源から供給され、交流から直流に変換された電力を電気自動車を充電するために蓄えるバッファ用高速充電電池と、前記電気自動車に接続可能で、前記バッファ用高速充電電池に蓄えられた電力を供給して、接続されている前記電気自動車に搭載された車載二次電池を充電する充電電流制御部とが設けられた急速充電装置であって、
前記充電電流制御部は複数あって、前記各充電電流制御部に対して、前記電気自動車への充電を開始させるか否かの制御をし、しかも該電気自動車の前記車載二次電池が充電される際の該車載二次電池の充電率の変化を表す充電率変化パターンと該車載二次電池の容量とを該車載二次電池の異なる容量ごとに記憶した統合充放電制御部を有し、
前記統合充放電制御部は、前記充電電流制御部を介して、該充電電流制御部が充電中の前記電気自動車の前記車載二次電池の充電率を検知し、前記充電率変化パターンを参照して、充電中の該車載二次電池の充電率が７０〜９０％の範囲で予め設定された充電終了値に達したのを検知したとき、前記充電電流制御部に前記車載二次電池の充電を終了させ、しかも、複数の前記充電電流制御部のいずれかに新たに前記電気自動車が接続されたときには、前記充電電流制御部を介して新たに接続された該電気自動車の前記車載二次電池の容量及び現在の充電率を検出して、新たに接続された該電気自動車の前記車載二次電池を現在の充電率から前記充電終了値にするのに必要な電力Ｐｆ’を算出すると共に、他の前記各充電電流制御部が充電中の前記車載二次電池の容量及び現在の充電率を基に、複数の前記充電電流制御部が現在行っている充電を全て終了するまでに前記バッファ用高速充電電池から出力される予測消費電力を算出し、
１）前記バッファ用高速充電電池に蓄えられている電力から前記予測消費電力を差し引いた電力Ｐｕ’が、前記電力Ｐｆ’以上の場合には、新たに接続された前記電気自動車の前記車載二次電池への充電を前記充電電流制御部に行わせ、
２）前記電力Ｐｕ’が前記電力Ｐｆ’未満の場合には、新たに接続された前記電気自動車の前記車載二次電池への充電を前記充電電流制御部に行わせないことを特徴とする急速充電装置。 A fast charge battery for a buffer that stores power supplied from a commercial power source and converted from alternating current to direct current for charging an electric vehicle, and a power that can be connected to the electric vehicle and that is stored in the fast charge battery for a buffer. A quick charging apparatus provided with a charging current control unit for supplying and charging a vehicle-mounted secondary battery mounted on the connected electric vehicle,
There are a plurality of the charging current control units, and each charging current control unit controls whether to start charging the electric vehicle, and the in-vehicle secondary battery of the electric vehicle is charged. An integrated charge / discharge control unit that stores a charging rate change pattern representing a change in the charging rate of the in-vehicle secondary battery and the capacity of the in-vehicle secondary battery for each different capacity of the in-vehicle secondary battery,
The integrated charge / discharge control unit detects the charge rate of the in-vehicle secondary battery of the electric vehicle being charged by the charge current control unit via the charge current control unit, and refers to the charge rate change pattern. When the charging rate of the in-vehicle secondary battery being charged reaches a preset charging end value in a range of 70 to 90%, the charging current control unit is charged with the in-vehicle secondary battery. In addition, when the electric vehicle is newly connected to any of the plurality of charging current control units, the in-vehicle secondary battery of the electric vehicle newly connected via the charging current control unit And calculating the electric power Pf ′ necessary to change the in-vehicle secondary battery of the newly connected electric vehicle from the current charging rate to the charging end value. Before each other charging current control unit is charging Based on the capacity of the in-vehicle secondary battery and the current charging rate, the predicted power consumption output from the buffer high-speed charging battery until the charging current control unit completes the current charging is calculated. And
1) When the power Pu ′ obtained by subtracting the predicted power consumption from the power stored in the buffer fast-charge battery is equal to or higher than the power Pf ′, the in-vehicle secondary of the newly connected electric vehicle Let the charging current control unit charge the battery,
2) When the electric power Pu ′ is less than the electric power Pf ′, the charging current control unit is not allowed to charge the in-vehicle secondary battery of the newly connected electric vehicle. Charging device. 請求項４記載の急速充電装置において、前記充電電流制御部と前記電気自動車の間には、クロスバースイッチ接続回路が配置され、該クロスバースイッチ接続回路は、前記電気自動車の前記車載二次電池への充電を行っていない前記充電電流制御部がある場合には、新たにやってきた前記電気自動車を、充電を行っていない前記充電電流制御部に接続し、全ての前記充電電流制御部が充電を行っている場合には、該充電電流制御部のいずれかが充電を終了するのを待って、その充電が終了した前記充電電流制御部に新たにやってきた前記電気自動車を接続することを特徴とする急速充電装置。 5. The rapid charging apparatus according to claim 4, wherein a crossbar switch connection circuit is disposed between the charging current control unit and the electric vehicle, and the crossbar switch connection circuit is the in-vehicle secondary battery of the electric vehicle. If there is the charging current control unit that has not been charged, the electric vehicle that has been newly connected is connected to the charging current control unit that has not been charged, and all the charging current control units are charged. In the case of performing the charging, it waits for any of the charging current control units to finish charging, and connects the newly arrived electric vehicle to the charging current control unit that has completed the charging. And quick charger. 請求項４又は５記載の急速充電装置において、前記充電電流制御部は、前記商用電源から供給され、交流から直流に変換された電力を、前記バッファ用高速充電電池に蓄えることなく直接前記電気自動車の前記車載二次電池に供給して充電することができることを特徴とする急速充電装置。
6. The rapid charging apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the charging current control unit directly supplies the electric power supplied from the commercial power source and converted from alternating current to direct current into the buffer high-speed charging battery. A quick charging device characterized in that it can be supplied and charged to the in-vehicle secondary battery.
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KR20180116031A (en) * 2017-04-14 2018-10-24 한국전력공사 Multi socket type alternating current charging system and charging and discharging control method for the same
KR101965952B1 (en) * 2017-04-14 2019-04-04 한국전력공사 Multi socket type alternating current charging system and charging and discharging control method for the same

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