JP5467989B2 - In-pipe monitoring device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a device for monitoring the state of deposits on the inner wall of a pipe through which a fluid such as water flows, specifically, the state of rust, scale, slime, and the like, and an in-pipe monitoring system using the same.

  Since rust, scale, slime, and the like adhering to the inner wall of the pipe cause clogging of the pipe, it is an important item for pipe maintenance to monitor these adhering states. Patent Document 1 has been proposed as a method for detecting clogging in piping. In the prior art, a plurality of film-like piezoelectric sensors 102 and 103 are brought into close contact with each other along the shape of the outer periphery of the pipe 101 as shown in FIG. And set it up. Then, the initial transfer coefficient of power between adjacent piezoelectric sensors in the vicinity of the frequency of pressure pulsation generated during pump operation in a state where there is no clogging in the pipe 101 is stored, and the transfer function in a predetermined period to be examined is similarly set. By comparing these transfer coefficients, the reduction in the transfer function due to the clogging 104 is grasped, and the location where the clogging 104 occurs is specified. As a result, the location of the clogged 104 in the pipe 101 can be identified easily and efficiently.

JP 2009-74571 A

  Although the above-described conventional technology is effective for local inspection, it is not an effective method for obtaining information on the entire path of equipment piping or information on deposits according to individual materials constituting the piping. Specifically, for example, when the flow rate drops under the condition that the water pressure in a certain route pipe is constant, whether the cause is a narrowing of the pipe diameter due to solid adhesion on the inner wall of the entire pipe, or local adhesion of foreign matter That is difficult to judge. Thus, since there has been no effective method for obtaining information on the entire route of equipment piping and information on deposits according to the piping material, the cause of the decrease in flow rate is It was not possible to easily determine whether the tube diameter was thin due to solid adhesion or local foreign matter adhesion.

  On the other hand, as another method of monitoring the situation in the pipe, there is a method using a robot, but there is a problem that it can be applied only to a pipe having a certain diameter and the supply of fluid must be stopped. Although there is a method using a fiberscope, as in Patent Document 1, it is effective for specifying a clogged portion, but it is not an effective method for obtaining information on deposits in the entire equipment piping.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an in-pipe monitoring apparatus and an in-pipe monitoring system using the same that can continuously monitor the inner wall of the entire equipment route pipe by a simple and inexpensive method.

The in-pipe monitoring device of the present invention is a device that monitors the state of deposits on the inner wall of a pipe through which a fluid flows, from the outside of the inspection transparent pipe interposed between the inspection transparent pipe and the inspection transparent pipe. Detection for detecting the state of the deposit on the inner wall of the inspection transparent pipe from the irradiation means for irradiating the inspection illumination light and the intensity of the transmitted or reflected light of the inspection transparent pipe due to the irradiation of the illumination light and means seen containing consists pipe of the inspection transparent pipe made of the same material, a bypass pipe connected to the pipe path in parallel with the transparent pipe inspection, the valve opening communicating with the piping channel the bypass pipe A valve that can be switched to a closed state and a closed valve state to be shut off, and a bypass pipe by the operation of the valve, and simultaneously, the irradiation means and the detection means are driven to perform a detection operation, and the detection result is used for the inspection. By subtracting from the detection result of the light pipe, to remove the turbidity component of the fluid, and further comprising a control arithmetic unit for detecting the state of the deposits on the inner wall of the transparent pipe inspection.

  According to the above configuration, in a device for monitoring the state in the pipe, such as solid adhesion on the inner wall of the pipe, typically rust on the water pipe, a part of the pipe path through which the fluid flows can be replaced. Prepared at the time of laying, etc., and transparent piping for inspection is interposed in the piping route, and illumination light for inspection is irradiated from the outside of the transparent piping for inspection by irradiation means such as an illumination light source, thereby From the intensity of the transmitted or reflected light of the inspection transparent pipe, the detection means detects the state of the deposit on the inner wall of the inspection transparent pipe.

  Therefore, it is possible to continuously monitor the adhesion state of rust, scale, slime, etc. on the inner wall of the entire equipment route piping in a simple and inexpensive manner. In addition, since information on the entire route piping can be obtained, if the flow rate in the piping has dropped, it is easy to determine whether the cause is a narrowing of the pipe diameter due to solid adhesion to the inner wall of the entire piping or local foreign matter adhesion. It can also be determined. That is, if the light intensity is not greatly reduced due to solid adhesion to the transparent inspection pipe, but the flow rate is reduced, it can be determined that some part is clogged, and the clogged part In other words, other methods such as the method of Patent Document 1 may be used.

Further , according to the above configuration, the control calculation means operates the valve to flow the fluid in parallel or by switching to the bypass pipe made of the same material pipe as the inspection transparent pipe. The irradiation means and the detection means are caused to measure the intensity of the transmitted or reflected light through the bypass pipe at that time. The intensity of the transmitted or reflected light represents a decrease in the amount of light due to the bypass pipe itself in the turbidity of the fluid when there is no dirt in the pipe of the bypass pipe.

  Therefore, by subtracting the amount of light reduction due to the bypass pipe from the detection result of the inspection transparent pipe, the turbidity of the fluid and the light quantity reduction due to the bypass pipe itself are removed, and the inner wall of the inspection transparent pipe is removed. Only the state of the adhering matter can be detected. Furthermore, it is also possible to accurately detect only the turbidity of the fluid by detecting the light intensity in a state before flowing the fluid through the bypass pipe having no dirt in the tube and subtracting it from the result after flowing.

  Furthermore, in the in-pipe monitoring apparatus of the present invention, the detection means comprises a camera capable of imaging the transmitted light of the inspection transparent pipe and the bypass pipe over at least a projected cross section of one diameter line. The calculation means preferably performs the subtraction by using a peak level of transmitted light intensity of the inspection transparent pipe portion and the bypass pipe portion in the captured image of the camera.

  According to said structure, it is not a simple optical sensor in the said detection means, but the transmitted light of the said inspection transparent piping and bypass piping is imaged over the projection cross section of at least one diameter line (from end to end). Use a camera that can And the said control calculating means performs the said subtraction using the peak level of the transmitted light intensity of the said inspection transparent piping part and bypass piping part in the picked-up image of the said camera.

  Therefore, normally, the state of the deposit can be detected from the transmitted light intensity at the central portion of the pipe where the influence of the tube wall is least likely to appear in the transmitted light, and the detection accuracy can be improved. Although the above function can be realized by a line sensor, a camera is preferable as described above because it is easily available, easy to handle an output signal, and can be detected away from the piping.

  In the in-pipe monitoring apparatus of the present invention, a thin film of the same material as the inner wall material of the pipe constituting the pipe path is formed on the inner wall of the inspection transparent pipe so as to allow the illumination light to pass therethrough. Preferably it is coated.

  According to the above configuration, since the inspection transparent pipe is realized by a pipe that does not rust such as vinyl chloride, a thin film of the same material as the inner wall material of the pipe to be monitored that constitutes the pipe path such as an iron pipe is deposited or deposited. By coating the inner wall with a thickness that allows transmission of the illumination light by sputtering or the like, monitoring can be performed under the same conditions as the piping to be monitored.

  Furthermore, in the in-pipe monitoring apparatus of the present invention, the reference transparent pipe made of the same material as the inspection transparent pipe, the valve that allows the reference transparent pipe to be attached to and detached from the pipe path, Measuring means for measuring the thickness of the deposit on the inner wall of the reference transparent pipe removed by shutting off the valve, and the detecting means includes the intensity of the transmitted or reflected light and the corresponding deposit. It is preferable to prepare a calibration curve from the thickness.

  According to the above-described configuration, another reference transparent pipe made of the same material as the inspection transparent pipe is provided so that the fluid can flow in the same manner in the two transparent pipes. Is provided with a valve so that the transparent reference pipe can be removed from the pipe path. Then, when the intensity of the transmitted or reflected light is measured by the detecting means, the reference transparent pipe is appropriately removed from the pipe path, and the thickness of the deposit on the inner wall is actually measured by the measuring means. The detection means creates a calibration curve from the intensity of the transmitted or reflected light and the thickness of the corresponding deposit.

  Therefore, the created calibration curve reflects the occurrence of rust, which varies depending on the installation environment, such as the water temperature and pH, and the intensity of the transmitted or reflected light using the previously created calibration curve after updating the piping equipment. Therefore, the thickness of the deposit can be estimated relatively accurately.

  As described above, the in-pipe monitoring apparatus of the present invention and the in-pipe monitoring system using the inspection pipe in the pipe path in the apparatus for monitoring the state in the pipe are provided with irradiation means such as an illumination light source. The inspection illumination light is irradiated from the outside of the inspection transparent pipe, and the intensity of the transmitted or reflected light of the inspection transparent pipe thereby causes the detection means to indicate the state of the deposit on the inner wall of the inspection transparent pipe. To detect.

  Therefore, it is possible to continuously monitor the adhesion state of rust, scale, slime, etc. on the inner wall of the entire equipment route piping in a simple and inexpensive manner. In addition, since information on the entire route piping can be obtained, if the flow rate in the piping has dropped, it is easy to determine whether the cause is a narrowing of the pipe diameter due to solid adhesion to the inner wall of the entire piping or local foreign matter adhesion. It can also be determined.

1 is a block diagram of a water treatment system that uses an in-pipe monitoring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view which shows one structural example of the said monitoring apparatus in piping. It is the picked-up image of piping with the camera of the monitoring apparatus in piping of FIG. 1 which shows the 1st experiment result of this inventor. It is a graph which shows the result of having plotted the distribution of transmitted light intensity over the projection cross section of one diameter line of piping from the said 1st experiment result. It is a block diagram of the water treatment system using the in-pipe monitoring apparatus which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a picked-up image of piping by the camera of the in-pipe monitoring apparatus of FIG. 5 which shows the 2nd experiment result of this inventor. It is a graph which shows the result of having plotted the distribution of the transmitted light intensity over the projection cross section of one diameter line of piping from the said 2nd experimental result. It is a graph which shows the 3rd experimental result of this inventor in the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a graph which shows the 3rd experimental result of this inventor in the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a graph which shows the 4th experiment result of this inventor in the 4th form of implementation of this invention. It is a block diagram of the water treatment system which concerns on the 5th Embodiment of this invention. In the said 5th form, it is a propagation path figure of a magnetic force line in the case of using an iron pipe for piping. It is a functional block diagram in the water treatment system concerning a 6th embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure for demonstrating one form of the monitoring method in piping of a prior art.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a water treatment system 2 that uses an in-pipe monitoring device 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The water treatment system 2 simulates a system in which water as a fluid is circulated in a closed loop in a pipe 3 such as a cooling water pipe or an air conditioning pipe. Equipment piping such as the cooling water pipe and air conditioning pipe is generally lined with plastic such as vinyl chloride in the straight pipe portion. Therefore, it is important to monitor the adhesion state in a plastic pipe such as a vinyl chloride pipe and the turbidity of water flowing in the pipe. Therefore, a device for circulating water in the route pipe as shown in FIG. 1 is assembled, and the in-pipe monitoring device 1 is configured as described later.

  The pipe 3 is made of the general opaque vinyl chloride including the joint portion so that rust does not occur over the entire length, the inner diameter is 20 mm, and the length of the pipe 3 portion is 10 m in total. In the closed loop, a circulation pump 4 and a water storage tank 5 for rust precipitation are provided on the upstream side of the pump 4. Further, the water treatment system 2 is for verifying the function of the in-pipe monitoring device 1, and the in-pipe monitoring device 1 is provided on the upstream side of the water storage tank 5 at the end of the circulation path and is rusted. The generation source 6 is provided on the downstream side of the pump 4 at the beginning of the circulation path. Before and after the in-pipe monitoring device 1, valves 71 and 72 are provided for maintenance.

  On the other hand, the generation source 7 is installed so that the amount of generated rust can be accurately measured for the pipe 3 that does not generate rust as described above. The generation source 7 is composed of a box that accommodates an SPCC plate (regular steel plate), so that all water circulating in the water treatment system 2 in series with the pipe 3 passes through the generation source 7. Is arranged. The SPCC plates are 10 mm long × 20 mm wide × 2 mm thick, and two of them are installed in the box, and the box is made of stainless steel so as not to generate rust.

  Moreover, as circulating water, in order to raise the production | generation rate of rust, NaCl is added to normal tap water and the NaCl density | concentration is 100 ppm. Then, the pump 4 pumps up the water in the water storage tank 5 and circulates it in the path at a speed of 20 L / min. The circulating water that has passed through the path is finally stored in the water storage tank 5, and particularly heavy rust particles are not circulated in the path piping, but are settled in the water storage tank 5, and are not settled in the water storage tank 5. The relatively small rust particles floating did not remove the filter and flowed through the pipe 3 while floating in the circulating water. If necessary, the water temperature was kept at 25 ° C. using a chiller (not shown).

  FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a configuration example of the in-pipe monitoring apparatus 1. This in-pipe monitoring device 1 includes two pipes 11 and 12 of the same type, an illumination light source 15 that is an illumination means, a camera 16 that is a detection means, and a personal computer 17.

  The pipes 11 and 12 are made of the transparent vinyl chloride pipe having an outer diameter of 32 mm, an inner diameter of 26 mm, and a length of 300 mm, and are arranged horizontally. One of the pipes 11 becomes a transparent pipe for inspection, and is interposed between the valves 71 and 72 so that water in the closed loop passes therethrough. Therefore, the flow velocity in the pipe 11 is slightly reduced due to the diameter relationship with the remaining pipe 3. On the other hand, the other pipe 12 is a transparent pipe for reference, and both ends thereof are closed with plugs 121 and 122 so that circulating water does not flow for reference.

  The illumination light source 15 is composed of a fluorescent lamp light source having a light emitting section of, for example, 250 mm in length × 180 mm in width, which is disposed below so that the two pipes 11 and 12 can be evenly irradiated. Light is emitted from the illumination light source 15, and every time a predetermined time elapses after the pump 4 is operated, the light passing through the pipes 11 and 12 is picked up by the camera 16 and digitized. The data is taken into the personal computer 17 for analysis. The illumination light source 15 generates visible white light, and the camera 16 is also adapted thereto. Therefore, in order to block disturbance light, the inside of the in-pipe monitoring apparatus 1 is in a light shielding state. Further, when the wavelength of light used between the illumination light source 15 and the camera 16 is not affected by light generated in the natural world, it is not particularly necessary to block light.

(Experiment 1)
FIG. 3 is a captured image taken by the camera 16 showing the result of the first experiment by the inventor. The right side is a reference pipe (pipe 12), and the left side is a main pipe (pipe 11) through which circulating water flows. The experiment was performed with the pump 4 operating for 480 hours. In the main pipe (pipe 11), rust particles and the like contained in the circulating water adhere to the inner wall surface of the pipe, and the circulating water itself is cloudy, so it is darker than the reference pipe (pipe 12). I am doing.

  FIG. 4 is a graph showing a result of plotting the distribution of transmitted light intensity at the center position in the vertical direction of FIG. 3 from the left end to the right end, that is, over the projected cross section of one diameter line in the personal computer 17. The transmitted light intensity is normalized and is an arbitrary unit. Thus, the lens 161 of the camera 16 has an angle of view that can be imaged over the entire width of the two pipes 11 and 12.

  As a matter of course, the result in FIG. 4 is that the background portion where there is no pipe (pipe 11, 12) where the direct light from the illumination light source 15 enters the camera 16 has the highest transmitted light intensity, and then the reference pipe (pipe). 12), the transmitted light intensity of the main pipe (pipe 11) through which the circulating water flows is the lowest. The difference in the maximum transmitted light intensity between these reference pipe (pipe 12) and main pipe (pipe 11) (difference between A and B in FIG. 4) is caused by adhesion of rust particles and the like on the inner wall surface of the pipe 3. This corresponds to a decrease in transmitted light due to turbidity, and here, 227.1-24.4 = 22.7 (arbitrary unit).

  As described above, the in-pipe monitoring apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment monitors the state in the pipe 3 such as solid adhesion on the inner wall of the pipe 3, typically rust on the water pipe. The transparent pipe 11 is interposed in the pipe path for inspection by replacing a part of the pipe path through which the water flows or preparing in advance, and the inspection is performed from the outside of the transparent pipe 11 by the illumination light source 15. The illumination light is irradiated, the transmitted light intensity of the transparent pipe 11 is detected by the camera 16, and the state of the deposit on the inner wall of the transparent pipe 11 is detected by the personal computer 17 from the detection result.

  Therefore, it is possible to continuously monitor the adhesion state of rust, scale, slime, etc. on the inner wall of the entire equipment route piping in a simple and inexpensive manner. In addition, since information on the entire route piping can be obtained, if the flow rate in the piping is reduced, whether the cause is a narrowing of the pipe diameter due to solid adhesion on the inner wall of the entire piping 3 or local foreign matter adhesion. It can also be easily identified. That is, if the light intensity is not greatly reduced due to the solid adhering to the transparent pipe 11 but the flow rate is reduced, it can be determined that some part is clogged, and the clogged part is further determined. When specifying, other methods, such as the method of the said patent document 1, should just be used. Thus, if information on the entire route piping and information on the deposits according to the piping material can be obtained, the cause of the decrease in the flow rate can be determined, and a countermeasure can be determined.

  In the above example, the transmitted light intensity was measured. However, since the reflected light intensity changes in the same manner due to adhesion and turbidity of rust particles on the wall surface in the pipe 3, the camera 16 is placed on the same side as the illumination light source 15. It may be installed and the reflected light intensity may be measured.

(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a water treatment system 2 ′ that uses an in-pipe monitoring device 1 ′ according to a second embodiment of the present invention. This water treatment system 2 ′ is configured in the same manner as the water treatment system 2 described above, except that the in-pipe monitoring device 1 ′ is different. It should be noted that in this in-pipe monitoring apparatus 1 ′, a bypass pipe 13 which is made of the same material as the transparent pipe 11 and is a transparent pipe for bypass is newly provided so that circulating water can flow. . Similarly to the transparent pipe 11, the bypass pipe 13 is interposed in the path pipe by valves 73 and 74 provided on both sides thereof, and water in the closed loop passes therethrough. The branch pipes 75 to the valves 73 and 74 are connected to the valves 71 and 72 so that the valves 73 and 74 can switch whether the circulating water flows to the bypass pipe 13 regardless of whether the valves 71 and 72 are opened or closed. It is provided outside.

(Experiment 2)
Then, after the pump operation is started 480.05 h, the personal computer 17 as the control calculation means closes the main valves 71 and 72 and opens the valves 73 and 74 of the bypass pipe 13 while flowing the circulating water. The transmitted light images of the bypass pipe (pipe 13) and the reference pipe (pipe 12) were taken with the camera 16 in the same manner as in Experiment 1. Photographing needs to be performed in a short time in order to minimize the time during which the circulating water is flowing through the bypass pipe (pipe 13), for example, 1 min or less. After photographing, the valves 73 and 74 and the valves 71 and 72 were switched, and the circulating water again flowed into the main pipe (pipe 11), and the reference pipe (pipe 12) was photographed.

  After switching between the valves 73 and 74 and the valves 71 and 72 so that the circulating water flows again into the main pipe (pipe 11), air is introduced into the bypass pipe (pipe 13) from the outside for flushing. Then, small particles that might have adhered to the inner wall surface of the pipe were removed to return to the initial state, and prepared for the next measurement. When a new product can be used for the bypass pipe (pipe 13) every time, the flushing is not necessary.

  When the imaging range of the camera 16 is wide and sufficient resolution can be ensured, the transmitted light images of the three pipes (pipings 11 to 13) may be taken simultaneously by opening 71 to 74. In this case, the amount of water flowing through the two pipes (pipings 11 and 13) is halved, but there is no problem because the two pipes (pipings 11 and 13) have the same conditions.

  FIG. 6 is an image captured by the camera 16 showing the second experiment result of the inventor. The right side is a bypass pipe (pipe 13) through which circulating water flows, and the left side is a reference pipe (pipe 12). Since the time for flowing the circulating water through the bypass pipe (pipe 13) is as short as 1 min or less as described above, there is almost no rust particles attached to the wall surface of the bypass pipe (pipe 13). The amount of transmitted light is larger than that of the pipe for pipe (pipe 11). The decrease in the amount of light still occurring is thought to be due to the turbidity of the circulating water.

  FIG. 7 is a graph showing the result of plotting the distribution of transmitted light intensity at the center position in the vertical direction of FIG. 6 from the left end to the right end in the personal computer 17, as in FIG. The difference in the maximum transmitted light intensity between these reference pipe (pipe 12) and bypass pipe (pipe 13) (difference between A and C in FIG. 7) corresponds to the decrease in transmitted light due to the turbidity of the circulating water. In this case, 227.1-81.0 = 146.1 (arbitrary unit).

  Therefore, in the personal computer 17 which is the control calculation means, the transmitted light intensity due to the turbidity of the circulating water determined in FIG. 7 is obtained from the decrease in the transmitted light due to the adhesion and turbidity of the inner wall surface of the pipe 3 determined in FIG. By subtracting this decrease, the decrease in transmitted light intensity due to adhesion of rust particles or the like on the wall surface in the pipe 3 can be determined as 202.7-146.1 = 56.6 (arbitrary unit). This is also obtained by subtracting the value (24.4) of B in FIG. 4 from the value (81.0) of C in FIG.

  As described above, in the in-pipe monitoring apparatus 1 ′ of the present embodiment, the personal computer 17, which is a control calculation means, operates the valves 73 and 74 on the bypass pipe 13 having no dirt in the pipe, and is parallel to the transparent pipe 11. Alternatively, or by switching, circulating water is caused to flow, and the illumination light source 15 and the camera 16 are caused to measure the intensity of transmitted or reflected light through the bypass pipe 13 at that time. Therefore, the intensity of the transmitted or reflected light through the bypass pipe 13 represents a decrease in the amount of light due to the bypass pipe 13 itself due to the turbidity of the circulating water. Therefore, by subtracting the amount of light reduction due to the bypass pipe 13 from the detection result of the transparent pipe 11, the turbidity of the circulating water and the light quantity reduction due to the bypass pipe 13 itself are removed, Only the state of the deposit on the inner wall can be detected. Furthermore, it is also possible to accurately detect only the turbidity of the circulating water by detecting the light intensity before flowing the circulating water through the bypass pipe 11 and subtracting it from the result after flowing.

  In addition, in the in-pipe monitoring apparatus 1 ′ of the present embodiment, as a detection means, the transmitted light of the transparent pipe 11 and the bypass pipe 13 is not used as a simple optical sensor, but is transmitted over at least one diameter line projection section (from the end). The personal computer 17 which is a control calculation means uses the peak level of the transmitted light intensity of the transparent pipe 11 part and the bypass pipe 13 part in the picked-up image of the camera 16. To perform the subtraction.

  Therefore, normally, the state of the deposit can be detected from the transmitted light intensity at the central portion of the pipe where the influence of the tube wall is least likely to appear in the transmitted light, and the detection accuracy can be improved. Although the above function can be realized by a line sensor, the camera 16 is preferable as described above because it is easily available, the output signal is easy to handle, and it can be detected away from the piping.

(Embodiment 3)
(Experiment 3)
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the experiment results of the present inventors in the third embodiment of the present invention. In this graph, the horizontal axis indicates the thickness of the deposit on the inner wall of the tube, and the vertical axis indicates the transmitted light intensity. It should be noted that in the present embodiment, the in-pipe monitoring apparatus 1 including the bypass pipe 13, which is another transparent pipe made of the same material as the transparent pipe 11, and the pipe 75 and valves 73 and 74 associated therewith. , The valves 73 and 74 are shut off, the bypass pipe 13 is removed, the thickness of the deposit on the inner wall of the removed bypass pipe 13 is actually measured by a measuring means, and the personality serving as a detecting means In the computer 17, the calibration curve is prepared from the intensity of the transmitted light and the thickness of the corresponding deposit.

  Specifically, a vinyl chloride pipe made of the same material as that of the transparent pipe 11 is fixed between the valves 73 and 74 as the bypass pipe 13. Thereafter, in the same manner as in Experiment 2, when a predetermined pump operating time elapses, the reference pipe (pipe 12), the main pipe (pipe 11), and the bypass pipe (pipe 13) are monitored by the in-pipe monitoring device 1 ′. ) Was taken. After photographing, the valves 73 and 74 are shut off, the bypass pipe (pipe 13) is removed from the pipe 75, cut out by a length of 50 mm, another pipe is added to the shortened portion, and the pipe 75 is returned to again. The attaching operation was performed every time the predetermined pump operating time passed.

  Moreover, the cut-out pipe sample was dried, the adhesion layer formed by the rust etc. which adhered to the piping inner wall was taken out, and the average thickness d (mm) was measured. The average thickness d was obtained by measuring the thicknesses of at least five adhesion layers with an optical microscope as a measuring means and adding and averaging them.

  On the other hand, from the photographed transmitted light intensity, a decrease I (= CB) of the transmitted light intensity due to adhesion of rust particles or the like on the wall surface in the pipe was obtained. Since the decrease I of the transmitted light intensity is a function of the average thickness d of the adhesion layer, it becomes I (d), and the maximum transmitted light intensity of the main pipe (pipe 11) in the initial state before the pump operation is I0. As a result of plotting (d) / I0, the result is as shown in FIG. This corresponds to the calibration curve of the average thickness d of the adhering layer and the decrease I of the transmitted light intensity. Thereafter, from this measured curve, the measured value of the decrease I of the transmitted light intensity is used. The value of the average thickness d of the adhesion layer can be estimated.

  Here, this calibration curve differs depending on the material and water temperature of the adhesion layer, and the material of the adhesion layer is the characteristics of the circulating water such as the temperature and pH of the circulating water, the ion concentration of the dissolved salt, Since it varies depending on the emission spectrum of the illumination light source 15 of the monitoring device 1 ′, it is desirable to obtain a calibration curve in an environment in which circulating water flows beforehand.

  By configuring in this way, the created calibration curve reflects the occurrence of rust, which varies depending on the installation environment, such as the water temperature and pH, and after updating the piping equipment, using the calibration curve created last time, From the intensity of the transmitted or reflected light, the average thickness d of the adhesion layer can be estimated relatively accurately.

  In the above example, for the sake of strictness, the bypass pipe (pipe 13) was actually cut out and the average thickness d of the adhesion layer was measured separately from the circulation of the circulating water. Even if it is removed, dried, measured for thickness, and returned again, the time required for the measurement is about several hours to several days from the whole measurement period, and may be used if there is little influence.

(Embodiment 4)
(Experiment 4)
FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 are graphs showing experimental results of the inventors of the present invention in the fourth embodiment of the present invention. These graphs are similar to FIGS. 4 and 7 described above, respectively. That is, the distribution of transmitted light intensity at the center position in the vertical direction of three pipes is shown. FIG. 9 shows a main pipe (pipe 11) and a reference pipe (pipe 12), and FIG. 10 shows a reference pipe (pipe). 12) and a bypass pipe (pipe 13). It should be noted that in the present embodiment, the pipes 11 to 13 made of transparent pipes such as vinyl chloride that do not rust have a thin film of the same material as the material of the inner walls of the pipes constituting the pipe path, It is coated to a thickness that allows the illumination light to pass therethrough.

  Specifically, in a vacuum chamber, an iron filament having a diameter of 0.5 mm is inserted into the transparent vinyl chloride pipe, and an electric current is passed through the filament to heat it, thereby heating iron atoms from the filament. By evaporation, an iron thin film having a thickness of 3 nm is deposited on the inner wall of a transparent vinyl chloride pipe. Since such a thin film transmits visible light, it can be imaged by the in-pipe monitoring devices 1 and 1 ′ as in the first and second embodiments using a transparent vinyl chloride pipe. Is possible. In the pipe deposited with the iron thin film, the inner surface is not vinyl chloride but iron, so that the same state as that of the iron pipe can be monitored.

  In Experiment 4, a vinyl chloride pipe having this iron thin film deposited on the inner wall was used as the three halls 11 to 13, and circulating water was allowed to flow in the same manner as in the first and second embodiments. In the piping path, all of the pipes other than the in-pipe monitoring devices 1 and 1 ′, including joints, were made of iron parts. In the same manner as in the first embodiment, when 306 h elapses after the start of the pump operation, the transmitted light images of the reference pipe (pipe 12) and the main pipe (pipe 11) through which the circulating water is flowing are captured by the camera 16. FIG. 9 is a result of plotting the distribution of transmitted light intensity at the center position in the vertical direction of the image from the left end to the right end. Also, a vinyl chloride pipe having an iron thin film deposited on the inner wall is used as a bypass pipe (pipe 13), and the main valves 71 and 72 are closed 306.05h after the start of pump operation in the same manner as in the second embodiment. Then, the valves 73 and 74 of the bypass pipe 75 are opened, and the circulating water is allowed to flow through the bypass pipe 75 for 1 min or less, and the transmitted light images of the bypass pipe (pipe 13) and the reference pipe (pipe 12) are taken with the camera 16. FIG. 10 shows the result of plotting the distribution of transmitted light intensity at the center position in the vertical direction of the image from the left end to the right end.

  Then, as in the second embodiment, by subtracting the intensity value of C from the intensity value of A in FIG. 10, a decrease in transmitted light intensity due to the turbidity of the circulating water is obtained, and the intensity value of C in FIG. 9 is subtracted from the intensity value of B in FIG. 9 to obtain a decrease in transmitted light intensity due to adhesion of circulating water in the piping. In this way, it is possible to monitor iron pipes.

  In the above-described embodiment, an iron thin film is vapor-deposited. However, by depositing a thin film such as copper or aluminum on a transparent vinyl chloride pipe with a thickness of about several nanometers to 10 nm, other copper pipes, aluminum pipes, etc. It is also possible to monitor the same state as the metal pipes.

(Embodiment 5)
FIG. 11 is a block diagram of a water treatment system 2 ″ according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. This water treatment system 2 ″ is similar to the water treatment systems 2 and 2 ′ described above, and corresponding portions are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. In this water treatment system 2, 2 ′, the in-pipe monitoring device may be either 1, 1 ′. It should be noted that in this water treatment system 2 ″, the piping path is made of an iron pipe or an iron-base alloy pipe, the fluid is water, and a superconducting magnet 8 for magnetizing the water in the pipe 3 is provided in the piping path. It is. Therefore, in the in-pipe monitoring apparatus 1, 1 ′, it is possible to confirm the rust prevention effect by the magnetic water created by the superconducting magnet 8.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the superconducting magnet 8 is composed of a split type superconducting magnet in which a pair of coils 81 and 82 are spaced apart in the axis (vertical) Z direction. The coils 81 and 82 are disposed in a separated space. The diameter of the bore W of each coil 81, 82 is 60 mm, the distance L between the upper and lower coils 81, 82 is 80 mm, and the maximum magnetic field is 13T. As long as the above-described magnetic field can be generated, any of a cylindrical wire, a prismatic wire, or a strip wire may be used for the wires of the coils 81 and 82. However, the current density and heat dissipation per unit volume may be used. Furthermore, a strip-like wire is preferable in that a relatively parallel magnetic field can be formed.

  By using the split type superconducting magnet in this way, as shown in FIG. 12 (a), a part of the lines of magnetic force generated in one coil, for example 81, is shown in the interior 3a of the pipe 3 as indicated by reference numeral M1. A magnetic path is formed through the other coil 82, but many magnetic field lines pass through the thin one wall 3b of the cylindrical pipe 3 almost vertically as shown by reference numeral M2 and FIG. 12 (b). The water passes through the other wall 3c and passes through the other coil 82. Of course, when the pipe 3 is a non-magnetic pipe, the magnetic flux passing through the inside 3a of the pipe 3 indicated by reference numeral M1 decreases, and the magnetic flux in the bore (inner diameter) W can be used more effectively. 12B is a cross-sectional view in the direction of the tube axis Y near the superconducting magnet, and FIG. 12A is a cross-sectional view in the direction orthogonal to the tube axis Y.

  Thus, the rust prevention effect can be acquired by magnetizing water using the superconducting magnet 8. Further, as the superconducting magnet 8, a split type superconducting magnet is used in which the pair of coils 81 and 82 are spaced apart in the axis Z direction, and the pair of coils 81 and 82 are separated by the split superconducting magnet. By arranging the pipe 3 in the space and performing magnetization, the lines of magnetic force are applied from the Z direction perpendicular to the pipe axis Y direction, and the water in the pipe 3 is efficiently magnetized by the superconducting magnet 8. Can do. As a result, the generation of rust can be suppressed, that is, the rust prevention effect is produced in the iron-based material, and the total amount of iron flowing together with the water in the pipe 3 (corrosion generation of iron ions and iron generated by corrosion elution from the iron-based material) In addition, it is possible to reduce the scale adhesion to the inner wall of the pipe 3.

  The material of the pipe 3 may be either magnetic or non-magnetic. However, by using a split type superconducting magnet, as described in FIG. The water in 3 can be efficiently magnetized, and an existing pipe such as a water pipe can be used as it is (it can be installed from the outside of the pipe 3). Furthermore, if there is a space for installing the pair of coils 81 and 82 of the split superconducting magnet around the existing pipe 3, the existing pipe is left as it is and the pair of coils 81 and 82 are separated from each other. The superconducting magnet 8 can be installed simply by installing the coils 81 and 82 so that the pipe 3 is positioned in the space L, and the structure can be simplified.

(Embodiment 6)
FIG. 13 is a functional block diagram of a water treatment system according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention. In this water treatment system, the configuration of the water treatment system 2 ′ described above can be used, and the treatment can be performed by the personal computer 17. It should be noted that this water treatment system further performs adjustment before measurement and output of measurement results.

  Specifically, before the pump 4 is operated, in step S1, the maximum transmitted light intensity B of the main pipe (pipe 11) is detected, and the value is stored as the initial value B0. Subsequently, when the pump 4 starts operating and operates for a predetermined time, the maximum transmitted light intensity B of the main pipe (pipe 11) is detected again in step S2, and the reference pipe (pipe 12) is detected in step S3. In step S4, the maximum transmitted light intensity A of the bypass pipe (pipe 13) is detected.

  Thus, when the data of the intensities A and C are collected, in step S5, the difference between the intensities A and C, that is, the turbidity is normalized using the initial value B0, and the value is 0.95 or less. Check. As a result, if it exceeds 0.95, the turbidity is severe in step S6, and the transmitted light from the main pipe (pipe 11) is almost eliminated only by turbidity, and the measurement of the deposit on the inner wall of the pipe is impossible. Determine and end the process. On the other hand, if it is 0.95 or less, it is determined that the deposit on the inner wall of the tube can be measured, and the process proceeds to step S7.

  In step S7, further using the data of intensity B, the difference between the maximum transmitted light intensity C of the bypass pipe (pipe 13) and the maximum transmitted light intensity B of the main pipe (pipe 11), that is, to the inner wall of the pipe. The strength corresponding to only the adhered matter is obtained, further normalized by the initial value B0, and the process returns to Steps S2 to S4. On the other hand, when the calculation result in step S7 is plotted with respect to the pump operation time, the calculation result increases as the pump operation time increases. Therefore, in step S8, the calculation result of step S7 is monitored, and when saturation occurs, it is determined that the amount of adhering material has increased and the amount of transmitted light does not change, a maintenance sign is output, and the process ends. In response to this, the operator performs the cleaning work or replacement of the pipe 3.

1, 1 'In-pipe monitoring device 2, 2', 2 '' Water treatment system 3 Piping 3a Inside 3b, 3c Wall 4 Pump 5 Water storage tank 6 Rust generation source 8 Superconducting magnets 11-13 Piping 15 Illumination light source 16 Camera 17 Personal computer 71-74 Valve 81, 82 Superconducting coil

Claims (4)

A device for monitoring the state of deposits on the inner wall of a pipe through which fluid flows,
Transparent piping for inspection intervening in the middle of the piping path,
Irradiation means for irradiating illumination light for inspection from the outside of the transparent pipe for inspection;
From the intensity of the transmitted or reflected light of the inspection transparent pipe by irradiation of the illumination light, seen including a detecting means for detecting the state of the deposits on the inner wall of the transparent pipe for the inspection,
A bypass pipe made of the same material as the inspection transparent pipe and connected to the pipe path in parallel with the inspection transparent pipe;
A valve that is switched between a valve open state that communicates the bypass pipe with the pipe path and a valve closed state that shuts off the bypass pipe;
Simultaneously with the incorporation of the bypass pipe by the operation of the valve, the irradiation means and the detection means are driven to perform a detection operation, and the detection result is subtracted from the detection result in the inspection transparent pipe, thereby An in-pipe monitoring apparatus , further comprising a control calculation unit that removes turbidity and detects a state of a deposit on the inner wall of the transparent pipe for inspection . The detection means comprises a camera capable of imaging the transmitted light of the transparent pipe for inspection and the bypass pipe over a projected cross section of at least one diameter line,
2. The in-pipe monitoring according to claim 1 , wherein the control calculation unit performs the subtraction by using a peak level of transmitted light intensity of the transparent pipe portion for inspection and the bypass pipe portion in a captured image of the camera. apparatus. Claims on the inner wall of the transparent pipe inspection, the thin film of the same material as the inner wall of the pipe constituting the pipe path, characterized in that it is coated at a thickness to permit transmission of the illuminating light The in-pipe monitoring apparatus according to claim 1 or 2. Transparent pipe for reference consisting of pipe of the same material as the transparent pipe for inspection,
A valve that enables the reference transparent pipe to be attached to and detached from the pipe path;
Measuring means for measuring the thickness of the deposit on the inner wall of the reference transparent pipe removed by shutting off the valve;
The piping according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the detection means creates a calibration curve from the intensity of the transmitted or reflected light and the thickness of the corresponding deposit . Monitoring device.