JP5467682B2 - Antiwear agent comprising lubricating composition - Google Patents

Description

(Field of Invention)
The present invention relates to a lubricating composition containing a sulfur-free metal salt of a hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphorus compound and an organic sulfide. The composition has a sulfur content greater than 0.3 weight percent sulfur. The present invention further provides a method of smoothing a power transmission device by using a lubricating composition.

(Background of the Invention)
Power transmission devices such as gears or transmissions, especially axle fluids and manual transmission fluids (MTF), provide durability and cleanliness, but are very difficult technologies to meet complex and often incompatible lubrication requirements Presents problems and solutions. One important factor affecting durability is the effectiveness of phosphorus antiwear or extreme pressure additives in providing equipment with adequate protection under various load and speed conditions. It is. However, many of the phosphorus antiwear or extreme pressure additives contain sulfur. Due to increasing environmental concerns, the presence of sulfur in antiwear or extreme pressure additives is becoming undesirable. In addition, many of the antiwear or extreme pressure additives that contain sulfur release sulfur due to the presence of many volatile sulfur species and have an odor resistant or extreme pressure additive. Resulting in a lubricating composition that may be harmful to health and the environment.

  Lubricating compositions with the right balance of phosphorus anti-wear or extreme pressure additives provide extended power and transmission with reduced life and efficiency with reduced deposit formation and oxidative stability. provide. However, many antiwear or extreme pressure additives that are used have limited oxidative stability, form deposits, or increase corrosion. In addition, many phosphorus antiwear or extreme pressure additives generally also contain sulfur leading to lubricating compositions containing odorous phosphorus antiwear or extreme pressure additives.

  Therefore, it would be desirable to provide a balanced lubricating composition that does not have the disadvantages of known lubricating compositions and that meets the needs of power transmission devices. The present invention provides such a lubricating composition.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a lubricating oil containing at least one thiophosphate ester or divalent metal salt of phosphate ester, and / or monovalent metal salt or ammonium salt of thiophosphate or phosphate. Yes. This lubricating composition has anti-wear properties. This lubricating composition is particularly useful for engine lubricants including those with a sulfur content of 0.3 wt% or less.

  Patent Document 2 discloses a lubricating composition containing (i) a phosphate ester and a salt thereof, and (ii) a metal salt of the phosphate ester. Examples 4 and 5 disclose combinations of zinc salts of dimethyl phosphate and octadecyl phosphate. This lubricating composition is suitable for internal combustion engines.

  US Pat. No. 6,057,033 describes a lubricating composition containing a neutral or overbased metal salicylate, 0.005 to 0.2% by weight phosphorus-containing antiwear agent, such as zinc di (n-butyl) phosphate, with respect to phosphorus. Disclosure. The lubricating composition further contains 0.3 wt% or less of sulfur. This lubricating composition is suitable for internal combustion engines.

  Patent Document 4 describes (i) a phosphoric acid ester or thiophosphoric acid ester, or a phosphorus compound that is an amine salt or a metal salt thereof; and (ii) 0.005 to 0.5% by weight of zinc dithiophosphate with respect to phosphorus; A lubricating composition containing iii) a metal detergent, (iv) an ashless dispersant, and (v) an antioxidant is disclosed. This lubricating composition is particularly useful for internal combustion engines.

  Patent Document 5 discloses a lubricating composition containing triphosphate, succinimide, metal detergent, phenolic antioxidant and / or amine antioxidant in a specific range.

  U.S. Patent No. 6,057,031 discloses the preparation of an oil soluble metal containing an additive obtained from reacting a metal hydroxide or metal oxide with a sulfur-free phosphorus-containing acid ester. This oil-soluble metal-containing additive is suitable for lubricants, fuels and functional fluids.

  Patent Document 7 discloses a lubricating composition suitable for gear oil and transmission fluid containing a mineral oil having an iodine value of less than 9. The lubricating composition also contains a phosphorus antiwear agent. Phosphorous anti-wear agents include phosphate esters or salts thereof, metal dithiophosphates, phosphites, reaction products of phosphorus-containing acids or anhydrides with unsaturated compounds.

  U.S. Patent No. 6,057,031 discloses a lubricating composition containing an oil soluble zinc salt containing at least one hydrocarbyl group of at least 4 carbon atoms, the zinc salt being zinc phosphate, or 6 to 8 At least one zinc salt of a carboxylic acid having one carbon atom. The lubricating composition also contains a phosphorus compound that is a dialkyl hydrogen phosphite, an alkyl hydrogen phosphonate, or phosphoric acid. This oil-soluble zinc salt is suitable for continuously variable transmissions and increases the dynamic friction coefficient of the steel-on-steel of the lubricating composition.

  U.S. Patent No. 6,057,031 discloses a lubricating composition containing sulfur-free phosphate, monothiophosphate, dithiophosphate and alkali metal borate. Preferred sulfur-free phosphate compounds include dodecyl or oleyl dialkyl (C4-C8) phosphates.

  Patent Document 10 discloses a lubricating composition having a phosphorus-containing sulfide having a -PS- (S) n-P- group in which n is 0 to 3, and the second phosphorus compound is a phosphorus compound. It is either a contained acid or an ester, salt or derivative thereof. The composition also contains a nitrogen-containing acylated compound having a substituent with at least 10 aliphatic carbon atoms.

  U.S. Patent No. 6,057,031 discloses a lubricating composition containing a mixture of phosphates that are essentially free of monothiophosphates, the phosphate comprising (a) a dihydrocarbyl hydrogen thiophosphate, (b) a sulfur-free hydrocarbyl disulfate. Hydrogen phosphate, and (c) sulfur-free dihydrocarbyl hydrogen phosphate. Sulfur-free hydrocarbyl dihydrogen phosphate and dihydrocarbyl hydrogen phosphate include C1-C6 alkyl dihydrogen phosphate and di-C1-C6 alkyl hydrogen phosphate.

US Pat. No. 6,656,887 US Patent Application Publication No. 2005/0143266 US Patent Application Publication No. 2005/0130855 US Patent Application Publication No. 2005/0107269 US Patent Application Publication No. 2004/0242434 European Patent No. 287618 US Pat. No. 6,872,693 US Pat. No. 6,730,640 US Pat. No. 4,431,552 US Pat. No. 5,726,132 US Pat. No. 4,575,431

(Summary of the Invention)
In one embodiment, the present invention provides:
(A) an oil of lubricating viscosity;
(B) (i) a sulfur-free metal salt of a hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphorus compound;
(Ii) optionally a phosphorus-containing additive comprising an ammonium salt or metal salt of a (thio) phosphate ester different from (i);
And (c) an organic sulfide, and a lubricating composition having a sulfur content in a range exceeding 0.3% by weight.

  In one embodiment, the phosphorus-containing additive comprises (i) a metal salt of a sulfur-free hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphorus compound and (ii) an ammonium salt or metal salt of a phosphate ester.

In one embodiment, the present invention provides:
(A) an oil of lubricating viscosity;
(B) (i) a sulfur-free metal salt of a hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphorus compound;
(Ii) optionally a phosphorus-containing additive comprising an ammonium salt or metal salt of a (thio) phosphate ester different from (i);
(C) an organic sulfide and greater than 0.3%, or from about 0.5% to about 5% (or about 3%), or from about 0.8% to about 2.5% A method of smoothing a power transmission device is provided that includes supplying the power transmission device with a lubricating composition having a weight percent, or a sulfur content ranging from about 1% to about 2% by weight.

In one embodiment, the present invention provides:
(A) an oil of lubricating viscosity;
(B) (i) a sulfur-free metal salt of a hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphorus compound;
(Ii) optionally a phosphorus-containing additive comprising an ammonium salt or metal salt of a (thio) phosphate ester different from (i);
(C) an organic sulfide and greater than 0.3%, or from about 0.5% to about 5% (or about 3%), or from about 0.8% to about 2.5% A method of smoothing a gear is provided that includes supplying to the gear a lubricating composition having a weight percent, or a sulfur content ranging from about 1 wt% to about 2 wt%.

  In one embodiment, the lubricating composition disclosed herein further comprises an ammonium or metal salt of a (thio) phosphate ester different from (i).

In one embodiment, the power transmission device includes at least one of a manual transmission or an axle gear.
For example, the present invention provides the following items.
(Item 1)
(A) an oil of lubricating viscosity;
(B) (i) a sulfur-free metal salt of a hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphorus compound;
(Ii) an ammonium salt or metal salt of (thio) phosphate ester different from (i) in some cases
A phosphorus-containing additive comprising:
(C) with organic sulfides
A lubricating composition comprising: a lubricating composition, wherein the lubricating composition has a sulfur content greater than 0.3 wt%.
(Item 2)
The lubricating composition of item 1, having a sulfur content of about 0.5 wt% to about 5 wt%.
(Item 3)
The sulfur-free metal salt of the hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphorus compound is a metal salt of a hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphate, a metal salt of a hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphonate, a metal salt of a hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphinate, a metal salt of a hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphite, a metal salt of a hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphonite, a hydrocarbyl The lubricating composition of item 1, comprising a metal salt of a substituted phosphinite, or a mixture thereof.
(Item 4)
4. The lubricating composition of item 3, wherein the sulfur-free metal salt of the hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphorus compound comprises a metal salt of a hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphate, a metal salt of a hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphonate, a metal salt of a hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphonate, or a mixture thereof.
(Item 5)
The lubricating composition of item 1, wherein the sulfur-free metal salt of the hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphorus compound comprises a metal salt of a monohydrocarbyl-substituted phosphate or a dihydrocarbyl-substituted phosphate.
(Item 6)
Item 2. The metal salt of item 1, wherein the metal of the metal salt is selected from the group consisting of aluminum, calcium, magnesium, strontium, chromium, iron, cobalt, nickel, zinc, tin, lead, manganese, silver, and mixtures thereof. Lubricating composition.
(Item 7)
Item 7. The lubricating composition according to item 6, wherein the metal of the metal salt is zinc.
(Item 8)
The lubricating composition according to item 1, further comprising an ammonium salt or a metal salt of a (thio) phosphate ester different from (i).
(Item 9)
The phosphorus-containing additive is
(I) a metal salt of a sulfur-free hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphorus compound;
(Ii) an ammonium salt or a metal salt of a phosphate ester
The lubricating composition according to item 1, comprising:
(Item 10)
The sulfur-free metal salt of the hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphorus compound is present in the lubricating composition from about 0.001% to about 10%, and from about 0.025% to about 3% by weight of the lubricating composition. The lubricating composition according to item 1, which is present in a range selected from the group consisting of:
(Item 11)
The lubricating composition according to item 1, wherein the organic sulfide comprises a polysulfide, a thiadiazole compound, or a mixture thereof.
(Item 12)
Item 12. The lubricating composition according to Item 11, wherein the organic sulfide comprises polysulfide.
(Item 13)
Item 12. The lubricating composition according to Item 11, wherein the organic sulfide includes a thiadiazole compound.
(Item 14)
Item 1. The organic sulfide is present in a range selected from the group consisting of about 0.01% to about 10%, and about 0.25% to about 6% by weight of the lubricating composition. The lubricating composition described.
(Item 15)
The lubricating composition of claim 1, wherein the oil of lubricating viscosity comprises an API Group II, III, IV base oil, or a mixture thereof.
(Item 16)
(A) an oil of lubricating viscosity;
(B) (i) a metal salt of a sulfur-free hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphorus compound;
(Ii) an ammonium salt or a metal salt of a phosphate ester
A phosphorus-containing additive comprising:
(C) with organic sulfides
A lubricating composition comprising: a lubricating composition having a sulfur content in the range of greater than 0.3% by weight.
(Item 17)
A method of smoothing a power transmission device comprising supplying a lubricating composition to a power transmission device, the lubricating composition comprising:
(A) an oil of lubricating viscosity;
(B) (i) a sulfur-free metal salt of a hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphorus compound;
(Ii) an ammonium salt or metal salt of (thio) phosphate ester different from (i) in some cases
A phosphorus-containing additive comprising:
(C) with organic sulfides
And having a sulfur content greater than 0.3% by weight.
(Item 18)
18. A method according to item 17, wherein the power transmission device comprises a manual transmission or an axle gear.
(Item 19)
Use of the lubricating composition of item 1 in gears and transmissions to impart at least one of anti-wear performance, extreme pressure performance, acceptable deposit control, acceptable oxidative stability, and reduced odor. .

(Detailed description of the invention)
The present invention provides a lubricating composition and a method of smoothing a power transmission device as disclosed above.

  Unless otherwise stated, the weight percent ranges indicated for organic sulfides, phosphorus-containing additives and other performance additives are indicated on an active substance basis, ie, generally as a transport medium for additives. This range excludes the amount of diluent oil used. Diluent oils are generally present in various amounts in various additives, typically in the range of about 0% to about 60% by weight, as commercially available.

  As used herein, the term “(thio) phosphate” is used to describe thiophosphate (sulfur-containing) and phosphate (non-sulfur).

As used herein, the term “hydrocarbyl substituent” or “hydrocarbyl group” is used in its ordinary sense, which is well-known to those skilled in the art. That is, it refers to a group that has a carbon atom directly attached to the rest of the molecule and has predominantly hydrocarbon character. Examples of hydrocarbyl groups include
(I) hydrocarbon substituents, ie aliphatic (eg alkyl or alkenyl), alicyclic (eg cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl) substituents, and aromatic, aliphatic and alicyclic substituted In addition to aromatic substituents, cyclic substituents in which the ring is completed by another part of the molecule (eg, two substituents together form a ring);
(Ii) Substituted hydrocarbon substituents, ie non-hydrocarbon groups that do not change the predominantly hydrocarbon nature of the substituent in the context of the present invention (eg halo (especially chloro and fluoro), hydroxy, alkoxy, mercapto, alkyl Substituents containing mercapto, nitro, nitroso and sulfoxy);
(Iii) Hetero substituents, i.e., those that have predominantly hydrocarbon character, but in the context of the present invention are substituents that contain other than carbon in rings and chains otherwise composed of carbon atoms. Can be mentioned. Heteroatoms include sulfur, oxygen, nitrogen, and substituents such as pyridyl, furyl, thienyl and imidazolyl. Generally, there are no more than 2 and preferably no more than 1 non-hydrocarbon substituent for every 10 carbon atoms in the hydrocarbyl group, and typically there are no non-hydrocarbon substituents in the hydrocarbyl group.

  In one embodiment, the lubricating composition has a sulfur content ranging from about 0.5% to about 5% by weight. In one embodiment, the lubricating composition has a sulfur content ranging from about 0.5% to about 3% by weight. In one embodiment, the lubricating composition has a sulfur content ranging from about 0.8% to about 2.5% by weight. In one embodiment, the lubricating composition has a sulfur content ranging from about 1% to about 2% by weight.

Phosphorus-containing additives Phosphorus-containing additives comprise (i) a non-sulfur-containing metal salt of a hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphorus compound, and (ii) an ammonium salt or metal salt of a (thio) phosphate ester that is different from (i) in some cases. Including.

  Phosphorus-containing additives generally provide antiwear or extreme pressure performance in lubricating compositions.

  In one embodiment, the phosphorus-containing additive comprises a mixture of a sulfur-free metal salt of a hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphorus compound and an ammonium or metal salt of a (thio) phosphate ester different from (i).

Sulfur-free metal salts of hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphorus compounds Hydrosulfyl-substituted phosphorus compounds are not sulfur-containing metal salts are known, EP 287618, US Patent 2,228,658, US Patent 4,431,552 and US Patent 2,310,175. Can be prepared as disclosed in US Pat.

  Non-sulfur-containing metal salts of hydrocarbyl substituted phosphorus compounds include metal salts of hydrocarbyl substituted phosphates, metal salts of hydrocarbyl substituted phosphonates, metal salts of hydrocarbyl substituted phosphinates, metal salts of hydrocarbyl substituted phosphites, metal salts of hydrocarbyl substituted phosphonites, hydrocarbyl Examples include metal salts of substituted phosphinites, or mixtures thereof.

  In one embodiment, the phosphorus atom of the hydrocarbyl substituted phosphorus compound is pentavalent.

  In one embodiment, the sulfur-free metal salt of the hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphorus compound is a metal salt of a hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphate, a metal salt of a hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphonate, a metal salt of a hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphonate, or a mixture thereof.

In one embodiment, the sulfur-free metal salt of the hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphorus compound has a formula in which at least one or both of R ¹ and R ² is a hydrocarbyl group, and n is 1, 2, 3, or 4. M ′ is a metal, the formula

により表される化合物が挙げられる。

The compound represented by these is mentioned.

  Non-sulfur-containing metal salts of hydrocarbyl substituted phosphorus compounds include hydrocarbyl monosubstituted or hydrocarbyl disubstituted phosphates. The hydrocarbyl group of the sulfur-free metal salt of the hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphorus compound includes a linear or branched alkyl group, a cyclic alkyl group, a linear or branched alkenyl group, an aryl group, or an arylalkyl group.

  In one embodiment, the hydrocarbyl group of the hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphorus compound is an oil-soluble alkyl group. The alkyl group generally contains from about 1 to about 40, or from about 4 to about 40, or from about 4 to about 20, or from about 6 to about 16 carbon atoms.

  Examples of linear or branched alkyl groups include methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl and octadecyl groups Is mentioned.

  The cyclic alkyl group in one embodiment contains a system of about 5 to about 7 carbon atoms, in another embodiment about 6 to about 11 carbon atoms.

  Examples of the cyclic alkyl group include cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl group, methylcyclopentyl, dimethylcyclopentyl, methylethylcyclopentyl, diethylcyclopentyl, methylcyclohexyl, dimethylcyclohexyl, methylethylcyclohexyl, diethylcyclohexyl, methylcycloheptyl, dimethylcycloheptyl, Mention may be made of the groups methylethylcycloheptyl and diethylcycloheptyl.

  In one embodiment, straight chain or branched alkenyl groups include those having about 2 to about 30, or about 6 to about 20 carbon atoms. Examples of alkenyl groups include butenyl, pentenyl, hexenyl, heptenyl, octenyl, nonenyl, decenyl, undecenyl, dodecenyl, tridecenyl, tetradecenyl, pentadecenyl, hexadecenyl, heptadecenyl and octadecenyl.

  In one embodiment, aryl groups include those having about 6 to about 18 carbon atoms. Examples of aryl groups include phenyl or naphthyl.

  In one embodiment, the aryl group is an arylalkyl group having from about 7 to about 26 carbon atoms. Examples of arylalkyl groups include tolyl, xylyl, ethylphenyl, propylphenyl, butylphenyl, pentylphenyl, hexylphenyl, heptylphenyl, octylphenyl, nonylphenyl, decylphenyl, undecylphenyl, dodecylphenyl, diethylphenyl, dibutyl And phenyl and dioctylphenyl.

  In one embodiment, the sulfur-free metal salt of the hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphorus compound is a metal salt of a monoalkyl phosphate, and in another embodiment, a metal salt of a dialkyl phosphate.

  In one embodiment, the metal salt metal is a monovalent metal, in another embodiment, the metal is divalent, and in another embodiment, the metal is trivalent.

  The metal of the metal salt includes aluminum, calcium, magnesium, strontium, chromium, iron, cobalt, nickel, zinc, tin, lead, manganese, silver, or mixtures thereof. In one embodiment, the metal is zinc.

  In one embodiment, the sulfur-free metal salt of the hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphorus compound is present in the lubricating composition in the range of about 0.001% to about 10% by weight of the lubricating composition. In one embodiment, the sulfur-free metal salt of the hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphorus compound is present in the lubricating composition in the range of about 0.001% to about 5% by weight of the lubricating composition. In one embodiment, the sulfur-free metal salt of the hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphorus compound is present in the lubricating composition in the range of about 0.025% to about 3% by weight of the lubricating composition.

Ammonium salts or metal salts of (thio) phosphate esters Ammonium salts or metal salts of (thio) phosphate esters different from (i) are known.

  Ammonium salts or metal salts of (thio) phosphate esters different from (i) include acids, salts, polymers or esters containing phosphorus.

  In one embodiment, the oxidation state of the phosphorus atom of the ammonium or metal salt of the (thio) phosphate ester different from (i) is +5.

  In one embodiment, the ammonium or metal salt of the (thio) phosphate that is different from (i) is an ammonium or metal salt of a thiophosphate (ie, the phosphate contains sulfur).

  In one embodiment, the ammonium salt or metal salt of the (thio) phosphate ester different from (i) is an ammonium salt or metal salt of the phosphate ester (ie, the phosphate is free of sulfur).

  Ammonium or metal salts of (thio) phosphates different from (i) contain ash (ie contain metal) or ashless (ie no metal (before being mixed with other components)) Can be mentioned.

  In one embodiment, the ammonium or metal salt of the (thio) phosphate ester different from (i) comprises a metal dialkyldithiophosphate. The alkyl group of the dialkyldithiophosphate includes a straight or branched chain containing from about 2 to about 20 carbon atoms provided that the total number of carbons is sufficient to make the metal dialkyldithiophosphate oil-soluble. Is mentioned. The metal of the metal dialkyldithiophosphate generally includes a monovalent or divalent metal. Examples of suitable metals include sodium, potassium, copper, calcium, magnesium, barium or zinc. In one embodiment, the phosphorus-containing acid, salt or ester is a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate. Examples of suitable zinc dialkyl phosphates often referred to as ZDDP, ZDP or ZDTP include zinc di- (2-methylpropyl) dithiophosphate, zinc di- (amyl) dithiophosphate, zinc di- (1,3 dimethylbutyl) dithio Phosphate, zinc di- (heptyl) dithiophosphate, zinc di- (octyl) dithiophosphate di- (2-ethylhexyl) dithiophosphate, zinc di- (nonyl) dithiophosphate, zinc di- (decyl) dithiophosphate, zinc di- (Dodecyl) dithiophosphate, zinc di- (dodecylphenyl) dithiophosphate, zinc di- (heptylphenyl) dithiophosphate, or mixtures thereof.

  In one embodiment, the ammonium or metal salt of the (thio) phosphate ester different from (i) is other than a metal dialkyldithiophosphate.

  Ammonium (thio) phosphate esters include ammonia salts and amine salts of phosphate esters, dialkyldithiophosphate esters, phosphite amine salts, phosphorus-containing carboxylic acid esters, ether and amide amine salts, and Of the mixture.

  In one embodiment, the ammonium salt or metal salt of the (thio) phosphate ester different from (i) includes a partial amine salt-partial metal salt compound, or a mixture thereof.

  Suitable amines for use as amine salts include primary amines, secondary amines, tertiary amines and mixtures thereof. These amines include those having at least one hydrocarbyl group, or in certain embodiments, two or three hydrocarbyl groups. The hydrocarbyl groups include those containing from about 2 to about 30, or from about 8 to about 26, or from about 10 to about 20, or from about 13 to about 19 carbon atoms. .

In addition to ethylamine, propylamine, butylamine, 2-ethylhexylamine, octylamine and dodecylamine, primary amines include n-octylamine, n-decylamine, n-dodecylamine, n-tetradecylamine, n- Examples include fatty amines such as hexadecylamine, n-octadecylamine and oleamine. Other useful fatty amines include Armeen C, Armeen O, Armeen OL, Armeen
Commercially available fatty amines such as T, Armeen HT, Armeen S and Armeen SD, etc., such as “Armeen®” amines (available from Akzo Chemicals, Chicago, Ill.) It relates to fatty groups such as oleyl, tallow or stearyl groups.

  Examples of suitable secondary amines include dimethylamine, diethylamine, dipropylamine, dibutylamine, diamylamine, dihexylamine, diheptylamine, methylethylamine, ethylbutylamine and ethylamylamine. Secondary amines include cyclic amines such as piperidine, piperazine and morpholine.

  In one embodiment, the amine is a tertiary aliphatic primary amine. Aliphatic groups include alkyl groups containing about 2 to about 30, or about 6 to about 26, or about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms. Examples of tertiary alkylamines include tert-butylamine, tert-hexylamine, 1-methyl-1-amino-cyclohexane, tert-octylamine, tert-decylamine, tert-dodecylamine, tert-tetradecylamine, tert-hexa Examples include decylamine, tert-octadecylamine, tert-tetracosanylamine, and tert-octacosanylamine.

  In a different embodiment, the ammonium salt or metal salt of the (thio) phosphate ester different from (i) is a phosphorus acid amine or an amine salt of a phosphorus ester amine having a tertiary alkyl primary group, or a salt thereof. The alkyl group contains a mixture of about 11 to about 14, or about 14 to about 18, or about 18 to about 22 carbon atoms.

  In the present invention, a mixture of amines can also be used. In one embodiment, a useful mixture of amines is “Primene® 81R” and “Primene® JMT”. Primene® 81R and Primene® JMT (both manufactured and sold by Rohm & Haas), respectively, are mixtures of C11 to C14 tertiary alkyl primary amines, and C18 to C22, respectively. It is a mixture of tertiary alkyl primary amines.

  In one embodiment, the amine salt of a phosphorus-containing acid or phosphorus-containing ester is Primene 81R ™ (Rohm & R) which is a mixture of C11 to C14 tertiary alkyl primary amines of C14 to C18 alkylated phosphoric acids. Product produced and sold by Haas).

Examples of ammonium or metal salts of (thio) phosphates different from (i) include isopropyl, methyl-amyl (4-methyl-2-pentyl or mixtures thereof), 2-ethylhexyl dithiophosphate , heptyl dithiophosphate , octyl dithiophosphoric acid or Noni distearate thiophosphoric acid, 2-ethylhexylamine, ethylenediamine, morpholine or Primene 81R (TM) or of a mixture thereof (one or more) reaction products thereof.

  In one embodiment, the ammonium or metal salt of the (thio) phosphate ester different from (i) is a reaction product prepared from dithiophosphate that reacts with an epoxide or glycol. This reaction product is further reacted with an acid, anhydride, or lower ester containing phosphorus (where “lower” refers to about 1 to about 8, or about 1 in the alcohol-derived portion of the ester. To about 6, or about 1 to about 4, or 1 to about 2 carbon atoms). The epoxide includes an aliphatic epoxide or styrene oxide. Examples of useful epoxides include ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butene oxide, octene oxide, dodecene oxide and styrene oxide. In one embodiment, the epoxide is propylene oxide. The glycol includes an aliphatic glycol having from 1 to about 12, or from about 2 to about 6, or from about 2 to about 3 carbon atoms. Dithiophosphoric acid, glycols, epoxides, inorganic phosphorus reagents, and reaction methods thereof are described in US Pat. S. Patent numbers 3,197,405 and 3,544,465. The resulting acid is then salted with an amine. Examples of suitable dithiophosphoric acids include phosphorous pentoxide (about 64 grams), hydroxypropyl O, O-di (4-methyl-2-pentyl) phosphorodithioate at about 58 ° C. for a time of about 45 minutes. Prepared by adding to 514 grams (prepared by reacting di (4-methyl-2-pentyl) -phosphorodithioic acid with about 1.3 moles of propylene oxide at about 25 ° C). The mixture is heated at about 75 ° C. for about 2.5 hours, mixed with diatomaceous earth, and filtered at about 70 ° C. The filtrate contains about 11.8 wt.% Phosphorus and about 15.2 wt.% Sulfur and has an acid number of 87 (bromophenol blue).

  In one embodiment, ammonium salts or metal salts of (thio) phosphate esters different from (i) can be prepared according to Examples P-2 to P-8 of US Patent 6,468,946 (10 rows 65 rows to 12 columns 23). The reaction product as described in). The products described in Examples P-2 to P-8 are amine salts of phosphate esters.

  In one embodiment, the ammonium or metal salt of a (thio) phosphate ester different from (i) is present in the lubricating composition in the range of about 0% to about 10% by weight of the lubricating composition. In one embodiment, the ammonium or metal salt of the (thio) phosphate ester different from (i) is present in the lubricating composition in the range of about 0% to about 5% by weight of the lubricating composition. In one embodiment, the ammonium or metal salt of (thio) phosphate ester different from (i) is present in the lubricating composition in the range of about 0.01% to about 5% by weight of the lubricating composition. . In one embodiment, the ammonium or metal salt of (thio) phosphate ester different from (i) is present in the lubricating composition in the range of about 0.01% to about 3% by weight of the lubricating composition. .

Organic sulfide The organic sulfide contains at least one of a polysulfide compound, a thiadiazole compound, or a mixture thereof.

  In one embodiment, the organic sulfide is present in the lubricating composition in the range of about 0.01% to about 10% by weight of the lubricating composition. In one embodiment, the organic sulfide is present in the lubricating composition in the range of about 0.1% to about 8% by weight of the lubricating composition. In one embodiment, the organic sulfide is present in the lubricating composition in the range of about 0.25% to about 6% by weight of the lubricating composition.

Thiadiazole compounds Examples of thiadiazoles include 2,5-dimercapto-1,3-4-thiadiazole, 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole or oligomers thereof, hydrocarbyl substituted 2,5-dimercapto-1, 3-4-thiadiazole, hydrocarbylthio substituted 2,5-dimercapto-1,3-4-thiadiazole, or oligomers thereof. By forming sulfur-sulfur bonds between the 2,5-dimercapto-1,3-4-thiadiazole units, hydrocarbyl substituted 2,5-dimercapto-1,3-4-thiadiazole oligomers generally form, Two or more oligomers of this thiadiazole unit are formed.

  In different embodiments, the number of carbon atoms on the hydrocarbyl substituent can range from about 1 to about 30, from about 2 to about 20, or from about 3 to about 16. In one embodiment, thiadiazole compounds, such as hydrocarbyl substituted mercaptothiadiazoles (also unsubstituted materials) are generally substantially soluble in nonpolar media such as oils of lubricating viscosity at about 25 ° C. Thus, the total number of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbyl substituent tends to promote solubility and will generally be about 8 or more, or about 10 or more, or at least about 12. If there are multiple hydrocarbyl substituents, generally each substituent will contain no more than about 8 carbon atoms. In one embodiment, thiadiazole compounds, such as hydrocarbyl substituted mercaptothiazoles (and unsubstituted materials) are generally substantially insoluble in nonpolar media, such as oils of lubricating viscosity, at about 25 ° C. Thus, the total number of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbyl substituent tends to promote solubility and will generally be less than about 8, or about 6, or less than about 4. If there are multiple hydrocarbyl substituents, generally each substituent will contain no more than about 4 carbon atoms.

  By the term “substantially insoluble”, a thiadiazole compound, such as a dimercaptothiadiazole (DMTD) compound, is less than about 0.1 weight percent, or 0.01 or about 0 in oil at room temperature (about 25 ° C.). It is generally meant to be soluble to the extent of less than 0.005 weight percent. A suitable hydrocarbon oil of lubricating viscosity that can be evaluated for solubility is a Chevron ™ RLOP 100N oil. Solubility can be assessed by mixing a certain amount of DMTD or substituted DMTD with the oil and observing the transparency relative to the appearance of residual precipitate, for example after storage for 1 week.

  Examples of suitable thiadiazole compounds include dimercaptothiadiazole, 2,5-dimercapto- [1,3,4] -thiadiazole, 3,5-dimercapto- [1,2,4] -thiadiazole, 3,4-dimercapto At least one of-[1,2,5] -thiadiazole or 4-5-dimercapto- [1,2,3] -thiadiazole. Generally easy such as 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole or hydrocarbyl substituted 2,5-dimercapto-1,3-4-thiadiazole or hydrocarbylthio substituted 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole Available materials are generally used, and 2,5-dimercapto- [1,3,4] -thiadiazole is most commonly used for availability. In some embodiments, the number of carbon atoms on the hydrocarbyl substituent can be from about 1 to about 30, from about 2 to about 25, from about 4 to about 20, from about 6 to about 16, Or about 8 to about 10.

  In one embodiment, the thiadiazole compound is the reaction product of phenol with an aldehyde and dimercaptothiadiazole. Phenol includes alkylphenols, wherein the alkyl group contains at least about 6, for example, about 6 to 24, or about 6 (or about 7) to about 12 carbon atoms. Aldehydes include aldehydes containing from about 1 to about 7 carbon atoms, or aldehyde synthons such as formaldehyde. In one embodiment, the aldehyde is formaldehyde or paraformaldehyde. Aldehydes, phenols, and dimercaptothiadiazoles are generally about 0.5 to about 2 moles of phenol per mole of dimercaptothiadiazole at a temperature of about 150 ° C. or less, such as about 50 ° C. to about 130 ° C., and aldehydes They are reacted by mixing them in a molar ratio of about 0.5 to about 2 moles. In one embodiment, the three reagents are reacted in equimolar amounts. This product can be described as alkylhydroxyphenylmethylthio substituted [1,3,4] -thiadiazole, where the alkyl moiety includes hexyl, heptyl, octyl or nonyl.

  Useful thiadiazole compounds include 2-alkyldithio-5-mercapto- [1,3,4] -thiadiazole, 2,5-bis (alkyldithio)-[1,3,4] -thiadiazole, 2-alkyl- Hydroxyphenylmethylthio-5-mercapto- [1,3,4] -thiadiazole, and mixtures thereof.

  Examples of suitable thiadiazole compounds include 2-octyldithio-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole, 2-nonyldithio-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole, 2-dodecidithio-5-mercapto- Examples include 1,3,4-thiadiazole or 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole. Examples of suitable 2,5-bis (alkyl-dithio) -1,3,4-thiadiazoles include 2,5-bis (tert-octyldithio) -1,3,4-thiadiazole, 2,5-bis (Tert-nonyldithio) -1,3,4-thiadiazole, 2,5-bis (tert-decyldithio) -1,3,4-thiadiazole, 2,5-bis (tert-undecyldithio) -1,3,4 Thiadiazole, 2,5-bis (tert-dodecyldithio) -1,3,4-thiadiazole, 2,5-bis (tert-tridecyldithio) -1,3,4-thiadiazole, 2,5-bis (tert-tetra) Decyldithio) -1,3,4-thiadiazole, 2,5-bis (tert-pentadecyldithio) -1,3,4-thiadiazole, 2,5-bis (tert Hexadecyldithio) -1,3,4-thiadiazole, 2,5-bis (tert-heptadecyldithio) -1,3,4-thiadiazole, 2,5-bis (tert-octadecyldithio) -1,3 4-thiadiazole, 2,5-bis (tert-nonadecyldithio) -1,3,4-thiadiazole or 2,5-bis (tert-eicosyldithio) -1,3,4-thiadiazole, or oligomers thereof. In one embodiment, the hydrocarbyl substituted 2,5-dimercapto-1,3-4-thiadiazole is 2,5-bis (tert-octyldithio) -1,3,4-thiadiazole 2,5-bis (tert-nonyldithio). ) -1,3,4-thiadiazole or 2,5-bis (tert-decyldithio) -1,3,4-thiadiazole.

  In one embodiment, the thiadiazole compound includes 2,5-bis (tert-octyldithio) -1,3,4-thiadiazole, 2,5-bis (tert-nonyldithio) -1,3,4-thiadiazole or 2 , 5-bis (tert-decyldithio) -1,3,4-thiadiazole.

  In one embodiment, the thiadiazole compound of the present invention is present in the lubricating composition in the range of about 0 to about 10% by weight of the lubricating composition. In one embodiment, the thiadiazole compound of the present invention is present in the lubricating composition in the range of about 0.01% to about 10% by weight of the lubricating composition. In one embodiment, the thiadiazole compound of the present invention is present in the lubricating composition in the range of about 0.1% to about 8% by weight. In one embodiment, the thiadiazole compound of the present invention is present in the lubricating composition in the range of about 0.25% to about 6% by weight of the lubricating composition.

Polysulfides The present invention includes polysulfides known in the art. As used herein, the term "polysulfide", in addition to disulfide compounds, is to have a large number of monosulfide bonds or disulfide binding to the same molecule contains three or more sulfur atoms Includes compounds containing oligomeric species.

  Polysulfides are generally characterized by having sulfur-sulfur bonds. Generally, the bond has from about 2 to about 8 sulfur atoms, or from about 2 to about 6 sulfur atoms, or from about 2 to about 4 sulfur atoms.

  In one embodiment, the polysulfide is a disulfide.

  In one embodiment, the polysulfide contains at least about 20 wt%, or at least about 30 wt% polysulfide molecules containing 3 or more sulfur atoms.

  In one embodiment, at least about 50% by weight of the polysulfide molecule is a mixture of trisulfides or tetrasulfides. In other embodiments, at least about 55% by weight, or at least about 60% by weight of the polysulfide molecule is a mixture of trisulfides or tetrasulfides.

  In one embodiment, up to about 90% by weight of the polysulfide molecule is a mixture of trisulfides or tetrasulfides. In other embodiments, up to about 80% by weight of the polysulfide molecule is a mixture of trisulfides or tetrasulfides.

  The polysulfide in other embodiments contains from about 0% to about 20% by weight, or from about 0.1 to about 10% by weight pentasulfide, or larger polysulfide.

  In one embodiment, the polysulfide contains less than about 30 wt% or less than about 40 wt% disulfide in the polysulfide.

  The polysulfide generally provides about 0.5 to about 5 wt%, or about 1 to about 3 wt% of sulfur to the lubricating composition.

  Polysulfides include sulfurized organic polysulfides from oils, fatty acids or esters, olefins or polyolefins.

  Oils that can be sulfurized include mineral oil, lard oil, carboxylic acid esters (eg, myristyl oleate and oleyl oleate) obtained from fatty alcohols and fatty acids or aliphatic carboxylic acids, and synthetic unsaturated esters or glycerides. Natural oils or synthetic oils.

Fatty acids include those containing from about 8 to about 30, or from about 12 to about 24 carbon atoms. Examples of fatty acids include oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, tall oil acid and rosin acid. Sulfurized fatty acid esters are prepared from mixed unsaturated fatty acid esters such as those obtained from animal and vegetable oils, including tall oil, linseed oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil and fish oil.

  Polysulfides include olefins obtained from a wide variety of alkenes. The alkene generally has one or more double bonds. The olefin in one embodiment contains about 3 to about 30 carbon atoms. In other embodiments, the olefin contains from about 3 to about 16, or from about 3 to about 9 carbon atoms. In one embodiment, sulfurized olefins include olefins obtained from propylene, isobutylene, pentene, or mixtures thereof.

  In one embodiment, the polysulfide comprises a polyolefin obtained from polymerizing olefins as described above by known techniques.

In one embodiment, the polysulfide includes dibutyl tetrasulfide, sulfurized methyl ester of oleic acid, sulfurized alkylphenol, sulfurized dipentene, sulfurized dicyclopentadiene, sulfurized terpene, and sulfurized Diels Alder adducts ;

  In embodiments, the polysulfide is present in the lubricating composition in the range of about 0.01 to about 10% by weight of the lubricating composition. In embodiments, the polysulfide is present in the lubricating composition in the range of about 0.1% to about 8% by weight of the lubricating composition. In embodiments, the polysulfide is present in the lubricating composition in the range of about 0.25% to about 6% by weight of the lubricating composition.

Oils of lubricating viscosity Lubricating oil compositions include natural or synthetic oils of lubricating viscosity, oils obtained from hydrocracking, hydrogenation, hydrofinishing, and unrefined, refined and rerefined oils and mixtures thereof And so on.

  Natural oils include animal oils, vegetable oils, mineral oils, and mixtures thereof. Synthetic oils include hydrocarbon oils, silicone oils, and liquid esters of phosphorus-containing acids. Synthetic oils can be produced by other gas-to-liquid oils in addition to Fischer-Tropsch gas-to-liquid synthesis. In one embodiment, the compositions of the present invention are useful when used in gas-to-liquid oil. Fischer-Tropsch hydrocarbons or waxes are often hydroisomerized.

  In one embodiment, the base oil comprises polyalphaolefins including PAO-2, PAO-4, PAO-5, PAO-6, PAO-7 or PAO-8. The polyalphaolefin in one embodiment is prepared from dodecene and in another embodiment from decene.

  In one embodiment, the oil of lubricating viscosity is an ester such as adipate.

  In one embodiment, the oil of lubricating viscosity is a styrene butadiene hydrogenated copolymer, an ethylene propylene polymer, a polyisobutene, a hydrogenated styrene isoprene polymer, a hydrogenated isoprene polymer, a polymethacrylate ester, a polyacrylate ester, a polyalkylstyrene, A polymer (sometimes referred to as a viscosity modifier) comprising an alkenylaryl conjugated diene copolymer, a polyolefin, a polyalkylmethacrylate, and a maleic anhydride styrene copolymer ester. In some embodiments, the polymer includes polymethacrylate esters, polyacrylate esters, polyalkyl methacrylates and maleic anhydride styrene copolymer esters, polyisobutenes, or mixtures thereof.

  In one embodiment, the oil of lubricating viscosity may contain a polymer (or viscosity modifier) present in the range of about 0% to about 70% by weight of the lubricating composition. In one embodiment, the oil of lubricating viscosity may contain a polymer (or viscosity modifier) present in the range of about 5% to about 65% by weight of the lubricating composition. In one embodiment, the oil of lubricating viscosity may contain a polymer (or viscosity modifier) present in the range of about 10 to about 60% by weight, or about 15 to about 50% by weight of the lubricating composition. In one embodiment, the lubricating composition comprises an oil of lubricating viscosity containing a mixture of a viscosity modifier and an API Group III or IV base oil. In one embodiment, the lubricating composition contains a synthetic oil of lubricating viscosity.

  Oils of lubricating viscosity may be defined as specified in the American Petroleum Institute (API) Base Oil Compatibility Guidelines. In one embodiment, the oil of lubricating viscosity is an API Group I, II, III, IV, V, VI base oil, or mixtures thereof, in another embodiment, an API Group II, III, IV base oil. Or a mixture thereof. In another embodiment, the oil of lubricating viscosity is a Group III or IV base oil, and in another embodiment, a Group IV base oil.

  The amount of oil of lubricating viscosity is generally the residue remaining after subtracting the total amount of phosphorus-containing additives, organic sulfides, and other performance additives (described below) from about 100% by weight. .

  In one embodiment, the lubricating composition is in the form of a concentrate and / or a fully formulated lubricant. Phosphorus-containing additives, organic sulfides, and other performance additives are in the form of concentrates, which can be combined with additional oils, in whole or in part, to form finished lubricants. If so, the ratio of the lubricating composition component to the oil of lubricating viscosity and / or diluent oil is about 1:99 to about 99: 1 by weight, or about 80:20 to about 10:90 by weight. A range is mentioned.

Other Performance Additives The composition of the present invention optionally further comprises at least one other performance additive. Other performance additives include metal deactivators, detergents, dispersants, viscosity modifiers, dispersant viscosity modifiers, antioxidants, corrosion inhibitors, foam inhibitors, demulsifiers, pour point depressants, Seal swelling agents, and mixtures thereof.

  The total amount of other performance additive compounds present, on an oil-free basis, can range from about 0% to about 25% by weight of the lubricating composition. In one embodiment, other performance additive compounds present may range from about 0.1% to about 15% by weight of the lubricating composition on an oil-free basis. In one embodiment, other performance additive compounds present may range from about 0.5% to about 10% by weight of the lubricating composition on an oil-free basis. One or more other performance additives may be present, but the other performance additives are generally present in different amounts relative to each other.

  Antioxidants include molybdenum compounds such as molybdenum dithiocarbamate, sulfurized olefins, hindered phenols, and amine compounds (alkylated diphenylamines (generally dinonyldiphenylamine, octyldiphenylamine, dioctyldiphenylamine) and the like).

  Detergents include neutral or overbased detergents, i.e. one or more phenates, sulfurized phenates, sulfonates, carboxylic acids, phosphorus-containing acids, monothiophosphoric and / or dithiophosphoric acids, saligenin, alkyl salicylates and salixarates And basic salts of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, or transition metals that are Newtonian or non-Newtonian.

  In addition to the N-substituted long-chain alkenyl succinimide, the dispersant may be one obtained by post-treating them in the same manner as the Mannich condensation product. Post-treated dispersants include those by reaction with urea, thiourea, dimercaptothiadiazole, carbon disulfide, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, hydrocarbon-substituted succinic anhydrides, nitriles, epoxides, boron compounds and phosphorus compounds. Can be mentioned.

  Viscosity modifiers include styrene butadiene hydrogenated copolymer, ethylene propylene copolymer, polyisobutene, hydrogenated styrene isoprene polymer, hydrogenated isoprene polymer, polymethacrylate ester, polyacrylate ester, polyalkylstyrene, alkenyl aryl conjugate Examples include diene copolymers, polyolefins, polyalkylmethacrylates, and maleic anhydride styrene copolymer esters. Dispersant viscosity modifiers (often referred to as DVMs) include functionalized polyolefins such as ethylene propylene copolymers functionalized with the reaction product of maleic anhydride and amines, polymethacrylates functionalized with amines, or amines. Styrene maleic anhydride copolymer reacted with, and may be used in the composition of the present invention.

  Friction modifiers include fatty amines, esters such as boronated glycerol esters, fatty phosphites, fatty acid amides, fatty epoxides, boronated fatty epoxides, alkoxylated fatty amines, boronated alkoxylated fatty amines, metal salts of fatty acids, or Mention may be made of the condensation products of fatty imidazolines, fatty acids with guanidine, aminoguanidine, urea, thiourea or their derivatives, the condensation products of carboxylic acids and polyalkylene-polyamines.

  Corrosion inhibitors include octylamine octanoate, dodecenyl succinic acid or dodecenyl succinic anhydride and condensation products of fatty acids such as oleic acid with polyamines. Metal deactivators include derivatives of benzotriazole (generally tolyltriazole), 1,2,4-triazole, benzimidazole, 2-alkyldithiobenzimidazole or 2-alkyldithiobenzothiazole.

  Anti-foaming agents include copolymers of ethyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, and optionally vinyl acetate. Demulsifiers include trialkyl phosphates, polyethylene glycol, polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide and (ethylene oxide-propylene oxide) polymers. Pour point depressants include maleic anhydride styrene ester, polymethacrylate, polyacrylate or polyacrylamide. Seal swelling agents include Exxon Necton-37 ™ (FN 1380) and Exxon Mineral Seal Oil (FN 3200).

(Industrial applicability)
The method of the present invention is useful for smoothing various power transmission devices. The power transmission device includes at least one of a gear, a gear box, an axle gear, a traction drive transmission, an automatic transmission, or a manual transmission. In one embodiment, the power transmission device is a manual transmission or gear, gear box, axle gear.

  Automatic transmissions include a continuously variable transmission (CVT), an infinitely variable transmission (IVT), a toroidal transmission, a continuous slip torque conversion clutch (CSTCC), a step automatic transmission or a dual clutch transmission (DCT).

  In one embodiment, the present invention provides in gears and transmissions to provide at least one of anti-wear performance, extreme pressure performance, acceptable deposit control, acceptable oxidative stability, and reduced odor. Provided is the use of the lubricating composition disclosed herein.

  The following examples provide an illustration of the present invention. These examples are non-inclusive and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

Example 1
A gear oil lubricating composition comprised of a mixture of Group III and Group IV base oils. This lubricating composition comprises about 0.3% by weight zinc dialkyl phosphate, about 0.3% by weight amine phosphate, about 3% by weight sulfurized olefin, corrosion inhibitors, dispersants, friction modifiers and foam inhibitors. It further contains about 0.7% by weight of other additives including and about 4.7% by weight of diluent oil. The total phosphorus content of this lubricating composition is about 0.05% by weight.

(Example 2)
A gear oil lubricating composition comprising a mixture of API Group IV base oil and polyisobutylene. This lubricating composition comprises about 1.3 wt.% Zinc dialkyl phosphate, about 0.3 wt.% Amine phosphate, about 4 wt.% Sulfurized olefin, corrosion inhibitor, dispersant, friction modifier and foam inhibitor. It contains about 1.6% by weight of other additives and about 3% by weight of diluent oil. The total phosphorus content of this lubricating composition is about 0.14% by weight.

  Test 1: Examples 1 and 2 are evaluated for corrosion on copper plates using ASTM method D130-04e1. The results obtained show that Example 1 has a rating of 3B and Example 2 has a rating of 1B.

  Test 2: Examples 1 and 2 use ASTM method D6121-05a to evaluate the performance on load, wear and extreme pressure characteristics of hypoid axles under low speed, high torque operating conditions. The results obtained are shown in the table below.

結果全体として、本発明の潤滑組成物は、臭気の少ない耐磨耗添加剤を利用しつつ、許容できるギア性能を提供できる。

Overall, the lubricating composition of the present invention can provide acceptable gear performance while utilizing anti-wear additives with low odor.

  It will be appreciated that some of the materials described above may interact in the final formulation, so that the components of the final formulation may differ from those originally added. The product formed thereby, including the product formed during its intended use by using the lubricant composition of the present invention, will not be affected by the easy statement. Nevertheless, all such modifications and reaction products are included within the scope of the present invention, which includes a lubricant composition prepared by mixing the components described above.

Although the present invention has been described in terms of its preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that various modifications thereof will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the specification. Accordingly, it is to be understood that the invention disclosed herein is intended to include modifications that fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (14)

(A) an oil of lubricating viscosity comprising a mixture of Group III and Group IV base oils ;
(B) a phosphorus-containing additive comprising a sulfur-free metal salt of a hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphorus compound;
(C) containing an organic sulfide, a lubricating composition to smooth the axle gear, the lubricating composition may have a sulfur content of more than 0.3 wt%, the lubricating composition A lubricating composition for smoothing axle gears, further comprising an amine phosphate .   The lubricating composition of claim 1 having a sulfur content of 0.5 wt% to 5 wt%.   The sulfur-free metal salt of the hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphorus compound is a metal salt of hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphate, a metal salt of hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphonate, a metal salt of hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphinate, a metal salt of hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphite, a metal salt of hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphonite, The lubricating composition of claim 1, comprising a metal salt of a substituted phosphinite, or a mixture thereof.   The lubricating composition of claim 3, wherein the sulfur-free metal salt of the hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphorus compound comprises a metal salt of a hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphate, a metal salt of a hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphonate, or a mixture thereof.   The lubricating composition of claim 1, wherein the sulfur-free metal salt of the hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphorus compound comprises a metal salt of a monohydrocarbyl-substituted phosphate or a dihydrocarbyl-substituted phosphate.   The metal of the metal salt is selected from the group consisting of aluminum, calcium, magnesium, strontium, chromium, iron, cobalt, nickel, zinc, tin, lead, manganese, silver, and mixtures thereof. Lubricating composition.   The lubricating composition according to claim 6, wherein the metal of the metal salt is zinc. The lubricating composition of claim 1, wherein the sulfur-free metal salt of the hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphorus compound is present in the lubricating composition in the range of 0.001% to 10% by weight of the lubricating composition. The lubricating composition according to claim 8, wherein the sulfur-free metal salt of the hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphorus compound is present in the lubricating composition in the range of 0.025% to 3% by weight of the lubricating composition.   The lubricating composition of claim 1, wherein the organic sulfide comprises a polysulfide, a thiadiazole compound, or a mixture thereof. The lubricating composition of claim 1, wherein the organic sulfide is present in the range of 0.01% to 10% by weight of the lubricating composition. The lubricating composition of claim 11, wherein the organic sulfide is present in a range of 0.25% to 6% by weight of the lubricating composition. A method of smoothing the axle gear comprising supplying a lubricating composition to the axle gear, the lubricating composition comprising:
(A) an oil of lubricating viscosity comprising a mixture of Group III and Group IV base oils ;
(B) a phosphorus-containing additive comprising a sulfur-free metal salt of a hydrocarbyl-substituted phosphorus compound;
And (c) an organic sulfide, and the lubricating composition have a sulfur content of more than 0.3 wt%, the lubricating composition further comprises an amine phosphate method. Abrasion performance, extreme pressure performance, acceptable deposit control, acceptable oxidative stability, and reduced to impart at least one of the odor, the lubricating composition according to claim 1, definitive axle gear use.