JP5465378B2 - Seismic isolation building - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a base-isolated building having a mechanism for suppressing the response of the building during an earthquake.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, seismic isolation structures have been proposed in which a lower layer structure of a building is a reinforced concrete structure, an upper layer building is a steel frame structure, and a base isolation device is interposed between the lower layer structure and the upper layer building. (Patent Document 1) By constructing in this way, it is not necessary to construct a seismic isolation pit, so problems such as an increase in cost and an increase in construction period can be suppressed that occur when building a seismic isolation building. .

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-60281

  In the seismic isolation structure described in Patent Document 1, since the lower layer structure and the upper layer building are relatively displaced during the earthquake, a building user or a passerby passes between the lower layer structure and the upper layer building. When considering the safety when passing near the building, it was an important issue how to determine the position of the boundary part between the part that is displaced during the earthquake and the part that is not displaced, and its configuration. However, in Patent Document 1, only the basic configuration of the structure is described, and there is no disclosure regarding this problem.

  This invention discloses the preferable structure of the boundary part of the site | part which is displaced at the time of an earthquake which is not disclosed by patent documents, and the site | part which does not displace, and it aims at providing a highly safe seismic isolation building.

A multi-layer base-isolated building in which a chamber is formed in a part of the first layer, which includes a foundation and a column protruding from the foundation, and follows the movement of the ground during an earthquake; A steel-structured upper structure comprising a first-layer chamber structure and an upper-layer structure that is displaced relative to the lower structure during an earthquake, and between the lower structure and the upper structure And a maximum displacement is set so that the chamber portion of the first layer is displaced within the region surrounded by the cylinder, and the support portion of the seismic isolation device is the upper end of the cylinder. And the lower layer of the upper layer structure, the first layer chamber structure is suspended from the upper structure in a non-contact state with the lower structure , Restoration of the seismic isolation device in the gap between the bottom of the first layer chamber and the lower structure Characterized in that interposed between the oil dampers or damping rubber having a restoring rubber and damping function with ability.

  According to the first configuration of the base-isolated building according to the present invention, since the first-layer room is configured to be displaced within the region surrounded by the first-layer pillars, traffic passing through the vicinity of the base-isolated building Humans and vehicles do not come into contact with the first layer chamber, and safety can be improved, and the first layer chamber structure can be separated from the upper layer structure without contacting the lower structure. Since it is constructed so as to be suspended, the room part including the first layer becomes a seismic isolation region, and a boundary part between a part that is displaced into the indoor space and a part that is not displaced is not formed, thereby constituting a safe indoor space. be able to.

  A preferred embodiment of a base-isolated building according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1A is an elevation view of the base-isolated building A according to the present invention, FIG. 1B is a plan view of the first layer of the base-isolated building A, and FIG. FIGS. 3A and 3B are sectional views mainly showing the lower structure B and the first-layer structure C1, and FIG. 4 is a partial detail view of the first-layer chamber structure C2. 5 (a) is a detailed plan view showing the installation state of the seismic isolation device D, FIG. 5 (b) is a detailed sectional view showing the installation state of the bearing 31 and the restoring rubber 34, and FIG. FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 are detailed views showing a state in which the seismic isolation device is interposed between the lower structure B and the first-layer chamber structure C2. is there.

  First, the whole structure of the seismic isolation building A is demonstrated with reference to FIG.1 and FIG.2. The base-isolated building A has a three-layer structure with a seismic isolation device D between the first and second layers (meaning that the room has a three-layer structure, and the floor surface has a four-layer structure including the roof). .) Housing. The first layer is formed with a front door a used in the state of wearing footwear, a hole b used by taking off the footwear, and a chamber portion consisting of a staircase c. Yes. In the second layer and the third layer, a living room where a resident lives, a dining room, a kitchen, a bedroom, a room for water, etc. are formed (not shown). In addition, as the structure type, the lower structure B including the foundation 1 and the column (first layer column) 2 is reinforced concrete, and the upper layer structure C1 such as the column 11, the large beams 12a to 12c, and the small beam 15a. And the upper structure C which consists of the structure C2 of the chamber part of the 1st layer, such as the suspension column 21 suspended from the big beam 12a and the small beam 15a, and the suspension beam 22, is a steel structure. The wife direction is composed of one span and the carry direction is composed of two spans.

  Next, the configuration of the lower structure B will be described with reference to FIGS. The lower structure B has a solid foundation 1 and a column 2 as a first layer column rises from the foundation 1. The column base 2b of the column 2 is rigidly fixed by the foundation beam 1a and the pressure platen 1b, but the column head 2a is not connected by the beam, and the column 2 protrudes in a cantilever state. The diameter of the cylinder 2 is set based on the load acting from the upper structure C. 3 is soil concrete constituting the floor of the piloti, and the concrete layer 3 is not placed under the structure C2 in the first layer chamber constituting the upper structure C, and a concave pit 4 is formed. . An entrance pouch 5 is formed on the upper part of the soil concrete 3. And at the time of an earthquake, the said lower structure B follows the motion of the ground, and moves integrally.

  Next, the structure of the upper structure C1 in the upper structure C will be described with reference to FIGS. In the upper structure C, the pillars 11 are made of seamless (not having a seam in the horizontal section) rectangular steel pipe, and are arranged in the same plane as the cylinder 2 (so that the center positions at rest coincide). Has been. A bolt hole is drilled at a predetermined position on the side surface of the column 11 to form a beam joint 11a to which large beams 12a to 12c, which will be described later, are bonded. 11 is formed integrally.

  Large beams 12a to 12c (12a is a second floor level, 12b is a third floor level, and 12c is a large beam arranged at the fourth floor level, which connects adjacent columns 11 to each other. It is expressed as the second-layer large beam 12a, etc. Further, the symbols a, b, and c attached to all the beams described later are given the same meaning. Joined plates 12a1 to 12c1 having bolt holes drilled at positions corresponding to the bolt holes formed in the beam joint portion 11a of the column 11 are welded to both ends of the H-shaped steel. The beam joint 11a is metal-touched and rigidly joined by a high-strength bolt.

  Of the beam joints 11a of the columns 11, cantilever beams 13a to 13c are arranged on the beam joints 11a in the outer direction of the building where the large beams 12a to 12c are not joined. Joining plates 13a1 to 13c1 configured similarly to the joining plates 12a1 to 12c1 of the large beams 12a to 12c are welded to one end. The beam joint 11a is metal-touched and rigidly joined by a high-strength bolt.

  Nose tip beams 14a to 14c are attached to the tip side of the cantilever beams 13a to 13c, and a metal fitting (not shown) for supporting and positioning the outer wall panel is attached to the flanges of the nose tip beams 14a to 14c. The outer wall 16 is configured by fixing an outer wall panel 16a made of an ALC (lightweight cellular concrete) panel by the hardware.

  A small beam 15a is appropriately bridged between the opposed large beams 12a to 12c, and a floor panel 17a made of an ALC panel is supported by the various beams to form a floor 17.

  The floor 17 of the upper structure C protrudes from the column 11 by the cantilever beams 13a to 13c and the nose tip beams 14a to 14c, and the seismic isolation plate 32 and the seismic isolation device D, which will be described later, are arranged in the area of the floor surface. The

  The cantilever beams 13a to 13c, the nose tip beams 14a to 14c, and the small beams 14a to 14c are all made of H-shaped steel having the same beam and the same width as the large beams 12a to 12c. Bolt holes are provided for attaching other beam joint hardware, pillars, outer wall panel hardware and the like.

  Next, the finishing of the first layer chamber C2 and the first layer chamber of the upper structure C will be described with reference to FIGS. The chamber portion of the first layer has a rectangular shape in plan view, and its structure is mainly a suspension column 21 made of prisms arranged at the four corners of the chamber portion, and a suspension beam made of H-shaped steel arranged on the outer periphery of the chamber portion. 22 is comprised.

  The suspension column 21 is suspended by bringing the joint surface at the upper end into contact with the lower surface of the lower flange of the second beam 15a, which is the upper layer structure, and bolting them together. Further, a cheek cane 23 is added to the suspension column 21 in order to increase the rigidity of joining. The cheek cane 23 is arranged so that each suspension column 21 is orthogonal to the position corresponding to the suspension beam 22 two by two. The lower end is the upper side surface of the suspension column 21 and the upper end is below the second beam 15a. It is bolted to the flange. In order to obtain such a configuration, the second-layer beam 15a is disposed at a position corresponding to the suspension beam 22 (so as to overlap in a plan view).

  The floor 25 of the first layer chamber is a suspended beam of a floor panel 25a made of an ALC panel (or a floor slab formed by placing concrete on the top surface of the deck plate) in the same manner as the upper layers of the second to fourth layers. 22, tiles are provided for the entrance a, and heat insulation and flooring are provided for the hole b on the upper surface of the floor panel 25 a. The staircase c1 of the staircase c is configured by attaching a flooring material to a steel structure base member assembled and placed on the surface of the floor panel 25a. The outer wall 26 of the first layer chamber portion is made of a glass panel, and a front door 27 having the same design as the outer wall 26 is installed on a portion of the outer wall 26 facing the entrance a.

  The position of the first layer chamber (the first layer chamber structure C2) does not exceed the region surrounded by the cylinder 2 even when the maximum displacement defined by the seismic isolation device D described later is applied. And, it is set so as not to contact the cylinder 2.

  Next, the configuration of the seismic isolation device D will be described with reference to FIG. The seismic isolation device D used in this embodiment is of a sliding bearing type, and includes a sliding bearing 31 having a supporting function and a receiving plate 33, a restoring rubber 34 having a restoring function, and an oil damper 35 having a damping function. . The sliding bearing 31 is formed integrally with the column 11 at the lower end of the column 11. The sliding surface 31a of the sliding bearing 31 is configured not to protrude from the cross section of the cylinder 2 even when the upper structure C is displaced to the maximum extent, and the seismic isolation described later by the vertical load from the upper structure C. Only the compression force acts on the plate 32, and bending does not act.

  The seismic isolation device D is placed or fixed on a seismic isolation plate 32 fixed to the column head 2a of the column 2. The seismic isolation plate 32 is made of steel and has a rust-proof coating on the surface. Its shape is a disk shape, and an annular projection 32a that regulates the amount of movement of the sliding bearing 31 (= relative displacement of the upper structure C) is welded to the upper surface, and the inner surface of the projection 32a is received. It becomes the board mounting part 32b. The diameter of the receiving plate mounting portion 32b is set based on the maximum displacement calculated from the seismic isolation effect required for the upper structure C. Further, the restoring rubber 34 and the oil damper 35 are bolted to the peripheral edge 32c outside the protrusion 32a.

  Note that an eaves ceiling 28 is suspended from the second beam 12a at a level slightly below the seismic isolation plate 32, and covers the lower surface of the upper structure C1. The eaves ceiling 28 has a clearance between the eaves ceiling 28 and the cylinder 2 so as not to be damaged by colliding with the side surface of the cylinder 2 during an earthquake, but the seismic isolation plate 32 protrudes from the cylinder 2 and functions as a blindfold. Even if the structure C1 is looked up from below, it cannot be looked into.

  In the base-isolated building A having the above configuration, the upper structure C (the room portion of the base-isolated building A) is relatively displaced during an earthquake. However, the boundary of relative displacement that residents and visitors need to pass through is only the part where the entrance a and the entrance porch 5 are in contact, and this part usually passes with the footwear on. Sometimes, even if a resident or a visitor is moving around or staying on the boundary, it is easy to ensure the safety of the feet because the person is wearing footwear.

  Also, after entering the entrance a through the entrance door 27 and taking off the footwear at the entrance a, it is not necessary to pass through the boundary portion of relative displacement or to live near the boundary portion. You can live a safe life even in a state.

  In addition, even if the first layer chamber (the first layer chamber structure C2) is displaced to the maximum extent, the region surrounded by the column 2 will not be exceeded. Even if an earthquake occurs while the vehicle is passing, the chamber that is displaced does not come into contact with people or the vehicle, and safety can be maintained.

  The structure C2 in the first layer chamber is bolted to the second beam 15a, which is the upper structure C1, and is suspended from the lower structure B in a non-contact state. Since the bolt holes are drilled in the lower flanges of the two layers of the large beam 12a and the small beam 15a at a pitch based on the module, it is relatively easy to change the position and shape of the structure C2 in the first layer chamber. In addition, it is possible to reduce the labor and cost for the extension and renovation work of the first layer of the seismic isolation building A.

  Next, referring to FIG. 6, there is shown a configuration example in which a seismic isolation device that controls the displacement of the horizontal method without bearing a vertical load is inserted in the gap between the lower structure and the bottom of the first layer structure. explain. FIG. 6 shows various types of seismic isolation devices, such as a reinforced concrete seismic isolation device fixing portion 7 formed on the rising portion 6 constituting the pit 3 and the pressure platen 1b, and the bottom of the first layer structure of the upper structure C. FIG. 6A shows an example of the restoring rubber 34 (or damping rubber or damping material), and FIG. 6B shows an example of the oil damper 35. The restoring rubber 34 has a restoring function, and the oil damper 35 (or damping rubber or damping material) has a damping function, and does not support the vertical load from the upper structure C.

  Such a configuration is adopted, for example, in a base-isolated building in which the number of columns 2 is small compared to the weight of the upper structure due to a large span configuration and the number of base isolation devices D that can be installed on the column head 2a is limited. By doing so, it is possible to increase the number of installable parts of the seismic isolation device, and it is possible to improve the degree of freedom of seismic isolation design such as selection and arrangement of the seismic isolation device.

  Furthermore, see FIG. 7 for another configuration example in which a seismic isolation device that controls the displacement of the horizontal method without bearing a vertical load is inserted in the gap between the lower structure and the lower part of the first layer structure. To explain. In the present embodiment, a protrusion 24 is provided by bolting on the lower flange of the suspension beam 22 and a damping effect is exhibited by filling sand 36 as a resistance element so that the protrusion 24 is buried in the pit 3. It is composed.

  With this configuration, when the upper structure C swings relatively, the sand 36 can attenuate the swinging. In addition, the degree of attenuation can be controlled by changing the particle size of the sand 36, the shape and number of the filling degree protrusions 24, and the like.

  Other possible resistance elements to be filled in the pit 3 include particles such as chips made of synthetic resin, pulverized pieces of ALC (lightweight cellular concrete), and liquids such as water and antifreeze. Sand is cheap, has no aging and no change in particle size. Filling the pits 3 is preferable because the gap between the first layer structure C2 and the pits 3 is closed and safety can be increased. In the case of water, it can be used as emergency water in the event of a disaster such as a fire or an earthquake.

  The seismic isolation building according to the present invention can be applied to buildings such as offices and stores other than houses.

It is the elevation view of the seismic isolation building A which concerns on this invention, and the top view of the 1st layer. It is a perspective view which shows the whole structure of the structure which comprises the seismic isolation building A. FIG. It is sectional drawing mainly of the lower structure B and the structure C1 of the 1st layer. It is a partial detail drawing of structure C2 of the chamber part of the 1st layer. It is detail drawing which shows the installation state of the seismic isolation apparatus D. FIG. It is a figure which shows the state which inserted the seismic isolation apparatus between the lower structure B and the structure C2 of the chamber part of the 1st layer. It is a figure which shows the state which inserted the seismic isolation apparatus between the lower structure B and the structure C2 of the chamber part of the 1st layer.

A ... Base-isolated building B ... Lower structure C ... Upper structure C1 ... Upper layer structure C2 ... First layer room structure D ... Base isolation device a ... Entrance b ... Hall c ... Staircase room c1 ... Staircase DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Foundation 1a ... Foundation beam 1b ... Pressure-resistant board 2 ... Column (1st floor pillar)
2a ... Column head 2b ... Column base 3 ... Dirt concrete 4 ... Pit 5 ... Entrance porch 6 ... Rising part 7 ... Seismic isolation device fixing part 11 ... Column 11a ... Beam joint 12a-12c ... Large beam 12a1-12c1 ... Joining plate 13a to 13c ... cantilever beams 13a1 to 13c1 ... joining plates 14a to 14c ... nose tip beam 15a ... small beam 16 ... outer wall 16a ... outer wall panel 17 ... floor 17a ... floor panel 21 ... suspension column 22 ... suspension beam 23 ... cheek cane 24 ... Protrusion 25 ... Floor 25a ... Floor panel 26 ... Exterior wall 27 ... Entrance door 28 ... Eave ceiling 31 ... Support 31a ... Sliding surface 32 ... Seismic isolation plate 32a ... Protrusion 32b ... Receiver plate mounting part 32c ... Rim edge 33 ... Receiver Plate 34 ... Restoring rubber 35 ... Oil damper 36 ... Sand (resistance element)

Claims (1)

It is a multi-layer seismic isolation building in which a room is formed in a part of the first layer,
A reinforced concrete substructure that follows the movement of the ground in the event of an earthquake, including a foundation and a cylinder protruding from the foundation;
A steel-structured upper structure composed of a first-layer chamber structure and an upper-layer structure that is displaced relative to the lower structure during an earthquake;
A seismic isolation device interposed between the lower structure and the upper structure,
While setting the maximum displacement so that the chamber portion of the first layer is displaced within the region surrounded by the cylinder,
The support part of the seismic isolation device is interposed between the upper end of the column and the lower end of the column of the upper structure,
The first layer chamber structure is suspended from the upper layer structure in a non-contact state with the lower structure, and the first layer chamber structure bottom and the lower structure are suspended from the upper layer structure. A base-isolated building characterized in that a restoring rubber having a restoring function and an oil damper or a damping rubber having a damping function are interposed in the gap .

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