JP5460673B2 - Ventilation device and ventilation system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a ventilation device and a ventilation system that supply outdoor air to a room and exhaust indoor air to the outside.

  In recent years, general ventilation equipment that properly exhausts air from the house and supplies air into the house has become indispensable due to high airtightness and high heat insulation of the house. The purpose of general ventilation is to constantly maintain necessary ventilation to maintain the indoor environment in the building appropriately, and to maintain the concentration of volatile organic compounds generated in the room below an appropriate level.

  With regard to such general ventilation, the Building Standards Act stipulates that ventilation (exhaust from the house and supply to the house) at a rate of 0.5 times or more per hour should function with mechanical power at all times (24 hours). It has been. On the other hand, since a ventilator that performs general ventilation always functions for 24 hours, promotion of energy saving of energy accompanying ventilation is also required.

  In order to save energy in general ventilation, it is effective to reduce ventilation power by operating the equipment with the minimum necessary amount of ventilation while suppressing the leakage from the gaps in the house after clearly installing the exhaust path and the air supply path. is there. Further, if heat is exchanged between the exhaust and the supply air, the air conditioning load can be reduced.

  In winter, natural ventilation increases through the gaps between houses due to differences in indoor and outdoor temperatures, so that the general ventilation is reduced from 0.5 times / hour to 0.3 times / hour in anticipation of the increase in natural ventilation, for example. Treatment is also permitted to comply with the law. In addition, treatments that reduce the indoor ventilation by adsorbing or removing volatile organic compounds in the room to reduce a predetermined amount of general ventilation are also accepted for compliance with the law. According to these measures, it is possible to reduce the general ventilation rate by mechanical ventilation equipment at 0.5 times / hour legally defined, and to promote energy saving by reducing the power and air conditioning load accompanying general ventilation. be able to.

  As a conventional ventilator, one that performs heat exchange ventilation operation in which heat is exchanged between indoor air and outdoor air by a heat exchanger is known. Heat exchange ventilation reduces the air conditioning load in winter and summer, and also reduces the cold draft in the winter when taking outdoor air into the room, and reduces the heat and uptake in the summer and rainy season to maintain the indoor thermal environment appropriately. There is. However, when there is hot air in the room, for example, during the night or in the middle of summer, there is a problem that the air conditioning load increases due to heat exchange ventilation, so normal ventilation that bypasses the heat exchanger can be performed. Thus, a ventilator having a bypass route has been proposed. Such a ventilator can be operated by switching the ventilation mode between heat exchange ventilation and normal ventilation (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In the ventilator described in Patent Document 1, “a supply air blower that can form a supply air flow, an exhaust air blower that forms an exhaust flow, and a variable air flow rate. It is configured to be “increased”.

  In general, it is known that natural ventilation increases in winter. Therefore, an open / close shutter that adjusts the opening of the outdoor intake port that sucks in air from the outside is provided as a ventilator that performs general ventilation by mechanical ventilation taking into account the increase in natural ventilation in winter. Has been proposed that adjusts the amount of air sucked from outside by operating to reduce the amount of air supply in winter (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

Japanese Patent No. 3438280 (pages 5-7) JP 2006-71205 A (Claim 4, page 7)

  In Patent Document 1, there is a description that the indoor temperature and the outdoor temperature are detected to switch between heat exchange ventilation and normal ventilation, and in the normal ventilation, the air volume of the supply fan and the exhaust fan is increased. No specific control of the air volume is disclosed. For example, during normal ventilation, the pressure loss inside the fuselage is lower than that during heat exchange ventilation, so there is a tendency for the exhaust air volume to increase relatively. In that case, there is an imbalance between the exhaust air volume and the supply air volume. There was a problem that ventilation efficiency was reduced due to leakage from the gap.

  In Patent Document 2, there is a description that the amount of air supply can be reduced in winter by adjusting the opening degree of the outdoor suction port with an opening / closing shutter, but how to secure an appropriate ventilation amount Was not described.

  For this reason, the ventilation apparatus and ventilation system which can aim at the energy saving of ventilation throughout the year regardless of a time were desired.

  A ventilation apparatus according to the present invention includes an air supply blower that forms a supply airflow to be supplied to a room, an exhaust air blower that forms an exhaust flow to the outside, an outdoor air intake port that communicates with the air supply blower, and an air supply port A heat exchange indoor air inlet, a bypass indoor air intake, and an exhaust port that are in communication with the exhaust blower, and a main body case that houses the air supply blower and the exhaust blower, and the heat exchange indoor An air intake port and the exhaust port are connected, a heat exchange path including a heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the exhaust flow and the supply air flow, and the bypass indoor air intake port and the exhaust port are connected. A bypass path that bypasses the heat exchanger, path switching means that opens one of the heat exchange path and the bypass path and closes the other, and outdoor air that detects the temperature of the air passing through the outdoor air inlet Temperature detection hand And an indoor air temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the air entering the main body case from the indoor air intake for heat exchange or the indoor air intake for bypass, and from the outdoor air intake by driving the supply air blower Supply air volume detection means for detecting the amount of outdoor air taken into the main body case, exhaust air volume detection means for detecting the exhaust air volume exhausted from the exhaust port by driving the exhaust fan, and ventilator control means The ventilator control means includes heat that opens the heat exchange path according to an environmental condition determined based on a detection value of the outdoor air temperature detection means and a detection value of the indoor air temperature detection means. Switching between the exchange mode and the bypass mode for opening the bypass path, and leading the air supply blower so as to obtain a ventilation amount setting value that is a target value of the ventilation amount. An air supply preceding operation for driving and controlling the exhaust air blower according to the outdoor air intake amount detected by the air supply air amount detecting means, and the exhaust air blower preceding the exhaust air blower so as to obtain the ventilation amount set value. And switching to the exhaust preceding operation for driving the air supply blower in accordance with the exhaust air volume detected by the exhaust air volume detecting means.

  According to the present invention, in general ventilation, ventilation is performed in the heat exchange mode or the bypass mode and the operating condition of the air supply preceding operation or the exhaust preceding operation in accordance with the outdoor air temperature and the environmental condition determined based on the indoor air temperature. You can drive. For this reason, ventilation operation suitable for environmental conditions becomes possible, and energy saving effects such as reduction of ventilation amount, reduction of air conditioning load, reduction of power consumption, etc. can be exhibited.

It is an installation outline figure of a ventilation system concerning Embodiment 1 of the present invention. It is a schematic block diagram of the ventilation apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a block diagram of the principal part of the ventilation apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a control flowchart of the ventilator which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention.

  Hereinafter, a ventilation device and a ventilation system according to embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is an installation schematic diagram of a ventilation system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In FIG. 1, the state which installed the ventilation system S which concerns on this Embodiment 1 in buildings, such as a house, is shown with the cross-sectional schematic diagram. The building illustrated in FIG. 1 is a two-story dwelling unit having rooms on the first and second floors. For convenience, the inside of the building is referred to as the room 61 and the outside of the building is referred to as the outdoor 62.

  The ventilation system S provided with the ventilation device 1 according to the first embodiment supplies the outdoor air to the room and ventilates the room air to the outside. The ventilator 1 according to the first embodiment performs a combined circulation operation in which fresh outside air is taken in while removing the contaminants from the indoor air and circulating the air to maintain an appropriate indoor environment in the building. Moreover, the ventilation apparatus 1 which concerns on this Embodiment 1 performs the heat exchange ventilation which heat-exchanges between the supply airflow supplied indoors, and the exhaust flow discharged | emitted outside the room.

  The ventilator 1 is installed in a ceiling space of a building or the like, and is connected to a plurality of ducts 50a, 50b, 50c, 50d, 50e, 50f (hereinafter may be collectively referred to as a duct 50). The duct 50 is installed in the building so as to communicate with the indoor 61 or the outdoor 62. The ventilator 1 takes in the air in the room 61 through the duct 50 (in FIG. 1, the room air is indicated by RA1 and RA3), and discharges the taken air to the outdoor 62 as exhaust (in FIG. 1, the exhaust is EA). Show). In addition, the ventilation device 1 takes in the air in the outdoor 62 (outdoor air is indicated by OA in FIG. 1), and supplies the taken-in air as a supply air flow into the indoor 61 through the duct 50 (the supply air is supplied to FIG. 1). (Indicated by SA). Note that the number of air intakes and air supply ports to the ventilation device 1 shown in FIG. 1 is an example, and the duct 50 is appropriately branched according to the layout of the building to be installed, and the indoor air RA1 and RA3 are collected. An air supply port for supplying air SA to the entrance or the room 61 may be provided. Further, the ventilation device 1 takes in the air in the room 61 as circulating air through the duct 50 (circulating air is represented by RA2 in FIG. 1), mixes it with the outdoor air OA, and supplies it as the supply air SA to the room 61. A cycle combined operation is also performed.

FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of the ventilation device according to the first embodiment.
The ventilation device 1 includes an air supply blower 2, an exhaust blower 3, and a heat exchanger 4 inside a substantially box-shaped main body case 10. The main body case 10 is formed with an outdoor air intake 11, an air supply port 12, an indoor air intake 13, an indoor air intake 14, an exhaust port 15, and a circulating air intake 16. The outdoor air intake port 11, the air supply port 12, the indoor air intake port 13, the indoor air intake port 14, the exhaust port 15, and the circulating air intake port 16 are connected to the duct 50 and the openings, respectively. Connection portions 11a, 12a, 13a, 14a, 15a, and 16a, which are pipes having a predetermined length, are provided.

A plurality of ventilation paths are formed inside the main body case 10.
The first ventilation path is a ventilation path extending from the outdoor air intake 11 to the air supply opening 12 (referred to as the ventilation path R1), and the air supply blower 2 is disposed in the ventilation path R1. When the air supply blower 2 operates, the air in the outdoor 62 is taken into the main body case 10 from the outdoor air intake 11 as shown by the air flow F1 in FIG. Supplied as a supply airflow.

  The second ventilation path is a ventilation path extending from the indoor air intake 13 to the exhaust outlet 15 (referred to as heat exchange path R2), and the exhaust blower 3 is disposed in the heat exchange path R2. When the exhaust blower 3 operates, as shown in FIG. 2 as an air flow F2, the air in the room 61 is taken into the main body case 10 from the indoor air intake port 13, and the taken-in air flows from the exhaust port 15 to the outdoor 62. And exhausted.

  A part of these ventilation paths R1 and R2 is configured to be capable of air-to-air heat exchange in the heat exchanger 4. That is, in the heat exchanger 4, heat exchange is performed between the air flow F1 supplied into the room and the air flow F2 exhausted out of the room.

  The third ventilation path is a ventilation path from the indoor air intake 14 to the exhaust blower 3 (referred to as bypass path R3), and the bypass path R3 is configured to bypass the heat exchanger 4. The bypass path R3 is a path that does not pass through the heat exchanger 4, and is configured such that the pressure loss is lower than that of the heat exchange path R2.

  The main body case 10 is provided with bypass switching means 5 that operates so that one of the indoor air intake port 13 and the indoor air intake port 14 is closed and the other is opened. The bypass switching means 5 is, for example, a damper device, and opens one of the indoor air intake 13 and the indoor air intake 14 to open a ventilation path (heat exchange path R2 or Air will pass through the bypass path R3). When the indoor air intake 13 that is the indoor air intake for the heat exchange path R2 is opened, the indoor air RA1 is taken into the main body case 10 from the indoor air intake 13, and the air passing through the ventilation path R1 The operation in the heat exchange mode in which the heat exchanger 4 exchanges heat between the flow F1 and the air flow F2 (room air RA1) passing through the heat exchange path R2 is performed. On the other hand, when the indoor air intake 14 that is the indoor air intake for the bypass route R3 is opened, the indoor air RA3 is taken into the main body case 10 from the indoor air intake 14 and passes through the ventilation path R1. The air flow F1 and the air flow F3 (room air RA3) passing through the bypass route R3 do not exchange heat in the heat exchanger 4, and the operation in the bypass mode is performed.

  The circulating air inlet 16 is open at a position communicating with the suction port 2 a of the air supply blower 2. A duct 50f having one end opened to the indoor upper space 61a is connected to the circulating air intake 16. The circulating air intake 16 communicates with the indoor upper space 61a via the duct 50f. The circulating air inlet 16 is provided with damper opening / closing adjustment means 6 for adjusting the ventilation cross-sectional area. The damper opening / closing adjusting means 6 is a damper device capable of adjusting the opening degree in a plurality of stages, and adjusts the ventilation cross-sectional area by shielding or opening the circulating air intake port 16 in the range from the fully closed state to the fully open state. The amount of air sucked into the suction port 2a from the circulation air intake port 16 is adjusted by the ventilation cross-sectional area adjusted by the damper opening / closing adjustment means 6. The damper opening / closing adjustment means 6 according to the first embodiment is an example of the ventilation cross-sectional area adjustment means according to the present invention. As the ventilation cross-sectional area adjusting means, in addition to the one shown in the first embodiment, any configuration can be adopted as long as the ventilation cross-sectional area of the circulating air RA2 sucked into the suction port 2a of the air supply blower 2 can be adjusted. can do.

  In addition, indoor air that adsorbs or removes volatile organic compounds on the ventilation path of air flowing into the circulation air intake 16 (or on the ventilation path from the circulation air intake 16 to the suction port 2a of the air supply blower 2). A clean filter 7 is provided. The indoor air cleaning filter 7 is formed by, for example, forming a filter medium obtained by adding an artificial enzyme to a mixed paper obtained by mixing activated carbon with cellulose into a corrugated honeycomb structure of about 230 mesh / square inch with little pressure loss, and has a width of 91 mm and a height. What was cut to about 91 mm and a thickness of about 15 mm is used. This indoor air purification filter 7 is disposable and can be replaced with a cassette type.

  In addition, the indoor air cleaning filter 7 may be a honeycomb or corrugated substrate formed by combining a hygroscopic material having a hygroscopic function with a room temperature active catalyst. As the hygroscopic material, hygroscopic ceramics based on silica gel or zeolite are used. As the normal temperature active catalyst to be combined with the hygroscopic material, a catalyst in which a noble metal and a metal oxide are combined is used. Gold, platinum, iridium, rhodium or ruthenium is used as the noble metal, and tin oxide, manganese oxide, tantalum oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, cerium oxide or the like is used as the metal oxide. Hygroscopic ceramics can be easily combined with a room temperature active catalyst, can have a long life, and can be reinforced by being incorporated into a frame. The former is disposable, but this indoor air purifying filter 7 has a hygroscopic material that adsorbs and condenses water vapor in the surface even at a temperature of about room temperature to form a water film, and this water film is in the air. The odor removal function is achieved by dissolving harmful gases such as water-soluble odor gas. The harmful gas dissolved and retained in the water film of the hygroscopic material is gradually oxidized and decomposed by the normal temperature active catalyst, and the indoor air cleaning filter 7 self-regenerates. In other words, it can be used for many years without maintenance.

  A filter upstream concentration detection means 8a and a filter downstream concentration detection means 8b for detecting the concentration of indoor air pollutants are provided upstream and downstream of the indoor air cleaning filter 7, respectively. As the filter upstream concentration detection means 8a and the filter downstream concentration detection means 8b, any detection device can be used as long as it can detect the concentration of indoor air pollutants contained in the air.

  Further, the ventilation device 1 includes an outdoor temperature sensor 21 for detecting the air temperature of the outdoor 62 and an indoor temperature sensor 22 for detecting the air temperature of the indoor 61. In the first embodiment, the outdoor temperature sensor 21 is provided in the outdoor air path in the vicinity of the outdoor air intake 11 and detects the temperature of air taken in from the outdoor air intake 11. In addition, the installation position of the outdoor temperature sensor 21 is not limited to this, For example, it can install in the arbitrary places which can detect the air temperature of the outdoor 62, such as the inside of the duct 50a.

  In the first embodiment, the indoor temperature sensor 22 is on the upstream side of the air flow of the indoor air inlet 13 and the indoor air inlet 14, and either the heat exchange path R 2 or the bypass path R 3 is ventilated by the bypass switching means 5. Even if it is possible, it is arranged in a region where air flows. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, an indoor air intake air passage 17 connected to communicate with both the indoor air intake port 13 and the indoor air intake port 14 is provided outside the main body case 10. The bypass switching means 5 is provided in the indoor air intake air passage 17. The connection portion 13a and the connection portion 14a are connected to the indoor air intake port 13 and the indoor air intake port 14 via the indoor air intake air passage 17, respectively. Inside the indoor air intake air passage 17, there is provided a partition wall that partitions the indoor air intake port 13 side and the indoor air intake port 14 side. The bypass switching means 5 is provided in this partition wall by the indoor air intake port. There is provided a temperature sensor opening 18 through which air can be circulated regardless of whether the air inlet 13 or the indoor air inlet 14 is open. An indoor temperature sensor 22 is installed in a region near the temperature sensor opening 18 (referred to as a common portion 19). Therefore, the indoor air is configured to flow in the vicinity of the indoor temperature sensor 22 regardless of whether the heat can be passed through the heat exchange path R2 or the bypass path R3 by the bypass switching means 5. It should be noted that the installation position of the indoor temperature sensor 22 is not limited to this, and any indoor air temperature can be detected even when either the heat exchange path R2 or the bypass path R3 can be ventilated. Can be installed at a place.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a main part of the ventilation device according to the first embodiment.
The ventilator 1 includes a ventilator control means 30 that performs overall control of each part constituting the ventilator 1. Information from the outdoor temperature sensor 21, the indoor temperature sensor 22, and a pollutant collection efficiency calculation unit 38 to be described later, and the ventilation volume set by the ventilation volume setting unit 41 are input to the ventilation device control unit 30. The device control means 30 controls each part so that a predetermined ventilation volume is obtained based on these information. The ventilation amount setting means 41 is specifically a switch provided on the control panel of the ventilation device 1 installed on the wall surface of the living room, for example, and ventilation such as “large air volume ventilation” / “small air volume ventilation”. The amount can be set. The user sets the ventilation amount by operating the switch of the ventilation amount setting means 41.

  Information relating to the opening degree of the damper opening / closing adjustment means 6 is input to the ventilation device control means 30. The damper opening / closing adjustment means 6 operates from the fully closed state to the open side when the start of the combined circulation operation is set by the combined circulation setting means 42. When the combined circulation setting means 42 is set to stop the combined circulation operation, the damper opening / closing adjusting means 6 is fully closed. During the circulation combined operation, the opening degree of the damper opening / closing adjustment means 6 is controlled by the ventilation device control means 30. The circulation combination setting means 42 is specifically a switch provided on the control panel of the ventilator 1 installed on the wall surface of the living room. The user switches between start and stop of the combined circulation operation by operating this switch.

  The ventilation device control means 30 controls the operation of the bypass switching means 5 via the bypass ventilation setting means 37. The bypass ventilation setting unit 37 operates the bypass switching unit 5 to open one of the indoor air intake port 13 and the indoor air intake port 14 based on a control signal from the ventilator control unit 30.

  The ventilator control means 30 outputs information related to the target ventilation volume (ventilation volume setting value) to the supply air volume setting means 31. The supply air volume setting means 31 calculates and sets the supply air volume necessary for obtaining the input ventilation volume setting value. The supply air blower control means 32 controls the air blowing capacity (rotational speed) of the supply air blower 2 so that the supply air volume set by the supply air volume setting means 31 is obtained. The ventilation device 1 is provided with an air supply air volume detection means 33 having a pressure sensor or the like for detecting the air supply air volume, and the air supply blower control means 32 is detected by the air supply air volume detection means 33. The operation of the supply air blower 2 is controlled based on the supply air volume. The air volume detection processing by the supply air volume detection means 33 will be described later.

  Further, the ventilator control means 30 outputs information on the target ventilation volume (ventilation volume setting value) to the exhaust air volume setting means 34. The exhaust air volume setting means 34 calculates and sets the exhaust air volume necessary to obtain the input ventilation volume setting value. The exhaust blower control means 35 controls the air blowing capacity (rotational speed) of the exhaust blower 3 so that the exhaust air volume set by the exhaust air volume setting means 34 is obtained. The ventilation device 1 is provided with exhaust air volume detection means 36 such as a pressure sensor for detecting the exhaust air volume, and the exhaust blower control means 35 is based on the exhaust air volume detected by the exhaust air volume detection means 36. The operation of the exhaust blower 3 is controlled.

Further, the ventilation device 1 is provided with a pollutant collection efficiency calculation means 38. The values detected by the filter upstream concentration detection means 8 a and the filter downstream concentration detection means 8 b provided upstream and downstream of the indoor air cleaning filter 7 are input to the pollutant collection efficiency calculation means 38. The pollutant collection efficiency calculation means 38 calculates the contaminant collection efficiency of the indoor air cleaning filter 7 based on the detection values of the filter upstream concentration detection means 8a and the filter downstream concentration detection means 8b. Specifically, the pollutant collection efficiency is calculated by the following formula.
Contaminant collection efficiency = (concentration C upstream of the indoor air cleaning filter 7−concentration Cp downstream of the indoor air cleaning filter 7) ÷ concentration C upstream of the indoor air cleaning filter 7

  The ventilation device control means 30 receives the contaminant collection efficiency calculated by the contaminant collection efficiency calculation means 38. The ventilation device control means 30 performs a ventilation amount reduction operation based on the contaminant collection efficiency.

  It should be noted that the ventilator control means 30, the supply air volume detection means 33, the exhaust air volume detection means 36, the supply air volume setting means 31, the exhaust air volume setting means 34, the bypass ventilation setting means 37, the pollutant collection efficiency calculation means 38, etc. Can be configured by hardware such as a circuit device that realizes the function, or can be configured by an arithmetic device such as a microcomputer or a CPU, and software executed thereon. Further, these configurations shown in FIG. 3 conceptually describe the functions, and need not be physically configured as shown in FIG. That is, as long as the functions of these configurations can be realized, specific forms relating to specific device distribution / integration are not limited to those illustrated.

  Next, the combined circulation operation of the ventilation device 1 according to the first embodiment will be described. In the combined circulation operation, an operation for reducing the ventilation amount (the amount of outdoor air OA) is performed based on the degree of collection of contaminants by the indoor air cleaning filter 7.

First, it is assumed that the user has set the start of the combined circulation operation by operating the combined circulation setting means 42.
Then, the damper opening / closing adjusting means 6 operates from the fully closed state to the open side, and the intake of the circulating air from the circulating air intake 16 to the ventilation device 1 is started. When the circulation combined operation is started, the circulating air introduced from the circulating air intake 16 in addition to the outdoor 62 air taken in from the outdoor air intake 11 by the operation of the air supply blower 2 is supplied to the air inlet 12. Will be supplied to the room 61.

  At this time, the outdoor air intake amount supplied by the air supply blower 2 and the ratio of the circulation air amount change depending on the opening degree of the damper opening / closing adjustment means 6. In other words, if the damper air flow cross-sectional area is set to be small by the damper opening / closing adjustment means 6, the intake amount of outdoor air in the supply air volume is relatively large, and the air flow cross-sectional area of the circulation air is set to be large. If it does, the intake amount of the outdoor air which occupies for supply air volume will become relatively small.

  The supply air volume detection means 33 includes at least a sensor such as a pressure sensor capable of detecting a change in the air volume of the ventilation path whose ventilation cross-sectional area is adjusted by the damper opening / closing adjustment means 6. Based on the detection value of the sensor, the supply air volume detection means 33 detects the increase in the supply air volume due to the operation of the damper opening / closing adjustment means 6 from the fully closed state to the open side. The air volume of each of the outdoor air and the indoor air (circulating wind) in the supply air volume after the operation is calculated. Specifically, the combined pressure loss of the pressure loss of the path from the outdoor air intake 11 and the pressure loss of the path from the circulating air intake 16 added as a parallel path is detected, and the pre-input air supply Based on the air volume-static pressure characteristic data of the blower 2, the outdoor air intake volume V and the circulating air volume Qr occupying the supply air volume are calculated.

The ventilator control means 30 then calculates from the calculated values of the outdoor air intake volume V, the circulating air volume Qr, and the pollutant collection efficiency calculated value detected by the supply air volume detecting means 33 according to the following formula. The effective ventilation conversion amount Vq is calculated.
Effective ventilation equivalent Vq = Circulating air volume Qr x Pollutant collection efficiency + Outdoor air intake V
The formula for calculating the contaminant collection efficiency is as described above.

  This effective ventilation conversion amount Vq is calculated by regarding the circulating air RA2 that is collected by the indoor air cleaning filter 7 and taken into the ventilation device 1 as outdoor air introduction. Therefore, it is necessary that the effective ventilation conversion amount Vq is equal to or larger than the ventilation amount set by the ventilation device control means 30.

  Therefore, the ventilation device control means 30 controls the damper opening / closing adjustment means 6 to adjust the ventilation cross-sectional area of the circulating wind RA2. Each time the ventilation cross-sectional area is adjusted by the damper opening / closing adjustment means 6, the supply air volume detection means 33 detects the outdoor air OA and the indoor air (circulation) from the change in the air volume caused by the operation of the damper opening / closing adjustment means 6. The air volume of each of the winds RA2) is calculated, and the pollutant collection efficiency is calculated as described above. The ventilation cross-sectional area of the circulation wind RA2 is adjusted by the damper opening / closing adjustment means 6 so that the effective ventilation conversion amount Vq calculated from these exceeds the ventilation amount setting value set by the ventilation device control means 30.

  Further, when the opening degree of the damper opening / closing adjustment means 6 is maximized (when the ventilation cross-sectional area of the circulating wind RA2 is maximized), the effective ventilation conversion amount Vq is predetermined with respect to the ventilation amount setting value of the ventilation device control means 30. When the value exceeds the value (that is, when the effective ventilation conversion amount Vq is too large with respect to the ventilation amount setting value), the supply air volume setting means 31 has an effective ventilation conversion amount Vq with respect to the ventilation amount setting value. The supply air volume is adjusted to be within a predetermined range. Specifically, the supply air volume setting means 31 corrects and sets the supply air volume in a stepwise manner, and the supply air blower control means 32 sets the detection value set by the supply air volume detection means 33. The air blowing capacity of the air supply blower 2 is adjusted so that the air volume is the same. Each time, the ventilator control means 30 calculates the effective ventilation conversion amount Vq, and determines whether the effective ventilation conversion amount Vq is within a predetermined range with respect to the ventilation amount set value. Such a control operation is repeated until the effective ventilation conversion amount Vq falls within a predetermined range with respect to the ventilation amount set value. In this way, the effective ventilation conversion amount Vq is within a predetermined range by controlling the air supply capacity of the air supply blower 2 and adjusting the air supply air volume.

  After the supply air volume is adjusted as described above, the exhaust air volume setting unit 34 uses the exhaust air volume detection unit 36 and the exhaust air blower control unit 35 so that the supply air volume and the exhaust air volume approach each other. The blowing capacity of the blower 3 is adjusted.

  As described above, the outdoor air intake 11 and the exhaust port 15 communicate with the outdoor space, and the circulating air intake 16 communicates with the indoor upper space 61a of the building. Therefore, the ventilation device 1 and the ventilation system S suck the indoor air in the upper layer of the building and adsorb or remove the volatile organic compound that causes the indoor pollution with the indoor air cleaning filter 7. The removed circulating air RA2 and the outdoor air OA are mixed by the air supply blower 2 and supplied from the air supply port 12 to the room 61 as the air supply SA. As described above, since the outdoor air supply amount and the indoor air exhaust amount at this time are controlled to be substantially the same, air leakage and leakage from the building gaps existing in each part of the house Is suppressed.

With the configuration described above, the operation of the ventilator 1 will be described.
FIG. 4 is a control flowchart of the ventilation device according to the first embodiment.

  In step S1, the ventilator control means 30 sets a ventilation quantity Q corresponding to the general ventilation frequency of 0.5 times / hour in the house volume based on the setting of the ventilation quantity setting means 41, and this ventilation quantity Q is obtained. Start operation in heat exchange mode.

  At this time, although not shown in FIG. 4, as described above, the supply air volume setting unit 31 sets the supply air volume based on the ventilation volume Q (the ventilation volume setting value) set by the ventilation device control unit 30. At the same time, the exhaust air volume setting means 34 sets the exhaust air volume. Then, the air supply blower 2 is operated at a predetermined air volume corresponding to the ventilation volume of 0.5 times / hour based on the air supply air volume set by the air supply air volume setting means 31. Further, the exhaust blower 3 operates at a predetermined air volume commensurate with 0.5 times / hour based on the exhaust air volume set by the exhaust air volume setting means 34.

  In step S2, it is determined whether or not the detected temperature of the outdoor temperature sensor 21 (described as OA in FIG. 4; the same applies hereinafter) is 16 ° C. or lower. If it is 16 ° C. or lower (S2; Yes), in step S3 It is determined whether or not the detected temperature of the indoor temperature sensor 22 (indicated as RA in FIG. 4; the same applies hereinafter) is 4 ° C. or higher than the detected temperature of the outdoor temperature sensor 21 and if it is higher than 4 ° C. (S3; Yes). Judge that the environmental conditions are in winter. In step S4, the ventilator control means 30 changes the setting of the ventilation amount Q from a ventilation amount of 0.5 times / hour to a ventilation amount suitable for 0.3 times / hour.

  If it is determined in step S2 that the detected temperature of the outdoor temperature sensor 21 exceeds 16 ° C. (S2; No), it is determined in step S5 whether the detected temperature of the outdoor temperature sensor 21 is 24 ° C. or less. If it is 24 ° C. or lower (S5; Yes), in step S6, it is determined whether the temperature difference between the detected temperature of the indoor temperature sensor 22 and the detected temperature of the outdoor temperature sensor 21 is 2 ° C. or lower. If it is below ° C (S6; Yes), it is judged that it is a thermal environment condition with a small air-conditioning load in the middle period. In step S7, the operation mode is changed to the ventilation operation in the bypass mode with the ventilation amount unchanged at 0.5 times / hour.

  If it is determined in step S6 that the temperature difference between the detected temperature of the indoor temperature sensor 22 and the detected temperature of the outdoor temperature sensor 21 exceeds 2 ° C. (S6; No), in step S8, The ventilation operation is continued with the heat exchange mode set at the same ventilation rate of 0.5 times / hour.

  If it is determined in step S5 that the detected temperature of the outdoor temperature sensor 21 exceeds 24 ° C. (S5; No), it is determined in step S9 whether the detected temperature of the outdoor temperature sensor 21 is 28 ° C. or less. If it determines and if it is 28 degrees C or less (S9; Yes), it will be judged as a thermal environment condition with a small air-conditioning load in summer. In step S7, the operation mode is changed to the ventilation operation in the bypass mode with the ventilation amount unchanged at 0.5 times / hour.

  If it is determined in step S9 that the detected temperature of the outdoor temperature sensor 21 exceeds 28 ° C. (S9; No), the detected temperature of the indoor temperature sensor 22 is detected by the outdoor temperature sensor 21 in step S10. It is determined whether or not the temperature is higher than the temperature. If the temperature is higher (S10; Yes), it is determined that the thermal environment condition requires exhaust heat in summer. Then, the process proceeds to step S11, and the operation mode is changed to the ventilation operation in the bypass mode by changing the ventilation amount 1.0 times / hour.

  In step S3, it is determined whether or not the detected temperature of the indoor temperature sensor 22 is 4 ° C. or higher than the detected temperature of the outdoor temperature sensor 21, and if the temperature difference is less than 4 ° C. (S3; No), the winter nature Judged as thermal environment conditions where ventilation cannot be expected. Then, the process proceeds to step S8, and the heat exchange mode is set at a ventilation rate of 0.5 times / hour as in step S1.

  In step S10, it is determined whether or not the detected temperature of the indoor temperature sensor 22 is higher than the detected temperature of the outdoor temperature sensor 21, and if it is not high (S10; No), the heat generated by the summer cooling load is generated. Judged as environmental conditions. Then, the process proceeds to step S8, and the heat exchange mode is set at a ventilation rate of 0.5 times / hour as in step S1.

After step S4, step S7 and step S8, the process proceeds to step S12. In step S12, it is determined whether or not the operating conditions set in step S1 have been changed. Specifically, it is determined whether the operation mode is changed from the heat exchange mode to the bypass mode or the ventilation amount is changed from 0.5 times / hour.
When the operating conditions are not changed (S12; No), the process proceeds to step S26, and the operating state is continued for a predetermined time (1 hour in the example of FIG. 4).
When the operating condition is changed (S12; Yes), in step S13, based on the ventilation amount Q set by the ventilation device control unit 30 as described above, the supply air amount setting unit 31 sets the supply air amount Qs. Set. Then, the supply air blower control unit 32 controls the operation of the supply air blower 2 based on the detection value of the supply air flow rate detection unit 33 so that the supply air flow rate Qs is obtained. The supply air amount Qs set in step S13 is the outdoor air intake amount taken in from the outside.

  Subsequently, in step S14, the exhaust air volume setting means 34 sets the exhaust air volume Qe so as to be the same amount as the supply air volume Qs set and adjusted in step S13. Then, the exhaust blower control means 35 controls the operation of the exhaust blower 3 based on the detected value of the exhaust air quantity detection means 36 so that this exhaust air quantity Qe is obtained.

  As described above, when it is determined that the environmental condition of the building where the ventilation system S is installed is an environmental condition in winter, or when it is determined that the thermal environment has a small air conditioning load in the intermediate period, the ventilation amount Q The air supply blower 2 is operated in advance so as to obtain the air supply air volume Qs corresponding to (see step S13). The exhaust air blower 3 is operated so that an exhaust air amount Qe equal to the air supply amount (outdoor air intake amount) of the air supply blower 2 is obtained (see step S14). In this manner, fresh outdoor air can be reliably supplied to the room 61 by the air supply advance operation in which the air supply blower 2 is operated in advance.

Subsequently, in step S15, it is determined whether or not the combined circulation operation is selected by the combined circulation setting means 42.
If the circulation combined operation is not selected (S15; No), the process proceeds to step S26, and the operation state is continued for a predetermined time (1 hour in the example of FIG. 4).
When the circulation combined operation is selected (S15; Yes), the circulation combined operation is started. First, in step S16, the damper opening / closing adjustment means 6 is fully opened, and the ventilation cross-sectional area of the circulating wind RA2 is set to the maximum area.

  Subsequently, in step S17, the supply air volume detection means 33 detects a change in the air volume associated with the damper opening / closing adjustment means 6 being fully opened in the ventilation path whose ventilation cross-sectional area is adjusted by the damper opening / closing adjustment means 6. Then, the pressure loss Poa on the supply side and the pressure loss Prs on the circulation side are estimated. Next, in step S18, the supply air volume detecting means 33, based on the supply side pressure loss Poa and the circulation side pressure loss Prs estimated in step S17, as described above, the outdoor air intake volume V and the circulation air volume. Qr is calculated.

  Next, in step S19, the filter upstream concentration detector 8a detects the contaminant concentration (filter upstream concentration C), and the filter downstream concentration detector 8b detects the contaminant concentration (filter downstream concentration Cp). From the value, the pollutant collection efficiency by the indoor air cleaning filter 7 is calculated as described above.

  Next, in step S20, the ventilator control means 30 performs effective ventilation as described above based on the outdoor air intake amount V, the circulating air volume Qr, and the pollutant collection efficiency calculated in steps S18 and S19. A conversion amount Vq is calculated.

  Next, in step S21, it is determined whether the effective ventilation conversion amount Vq is within an allowable range with respect to the supply air volume Qs set in step S13 (equal to the ventilation volume Q set by the ventilator control means 30). To do. In the example shown in FIG. 4, “the supply air volume Qs ≦ the effective ventilation conversion amount Vq ≦ the supply air volume Qs * 1.1” is set as the allowable range value of the effective ventilation conversion amount Vq, but this numerical value is an example. If the effective ventilation conversion amount Vq is within the allowable range (S21; Yes), in step S22, the exhaust air volume is set so as to be the same amount as the outdoor air intake amount V calculated in step S18. The means 34 sets the exhaust air volume Qe. Then, the exhaust air blower 3 is operated with a predetermined air volume by the exhaust air volume detecting means 36 and the exhaust air blower control means 35 so that the exhaust air volume Qe set by the exhaust air volume setting means 34 is obtained.

  When the effective ventilation conversion amount Vq is outside the allowable range with respect to the supply air volume Qs set in step S13 in step S21 (S21; No), the effective ventilation conversion calculated in step S20 in step S23. The magnitude relationship between the amount Vq and the supply air amount Qs set in step S13 (equal to the ventilation amount Q set by the ventilator control means 30) is determined. If the supply air amount Qs is larger than the effective ventilation conversion amount Vq (S23; Yes), in step S24, the ventilation cross-sectional area of the circulating air RA2 is decreased by one step by the damper opening / closing adjustment means 6, and the process proceeds to step S17. Transition.

  Here, in step S17, the change in the air volume on the upstream side and the downstream side of the ventilation path in which the ventilation cross-sectional area is adjusted by the damper opening / closing adjustment means 6 is detected in the same manner as described above, the pressure loss Poa on the supply side, and the circulation side The pressure loss Prs is estimated. That is, in step S24, the pressure loss Poa on the supply side and the pressure loss Prs on the circulation side are estimated again in a state where the ventilation cross-sectional area is reduced by one step by the damper opening / closing adjustment means 6. The operation after step S18 is as described above.

  In step S23, when the effective ventilation conversion amount Vq calculated in step S20 is equal to or larger than the supply air volume Qs set in S14 (S23; No), in step S25, the supply air blower control means 32 The speed notch of the air supply blower 2 is lowered by one step, the outdoor air intake amount V and the circulation air amount Qr are reduced without changing the ratio, and the process proceeds to step S18.

  In step S18 executed subsequent to step S25, the outdoor air intake amount V and the circulating air amount Qr when the speed notch of the air supply blower 2 is lowered by one step are calculated. The operation after step S19 is as described above.

  In step S26, after the operation state in the previous step is continued for a predetermined time (1 hour in the example of FIG. 4), the process proceeds to step S2, and the steps described above are repeatedly executed. By returning to step S2 every predetermined time and determining the environmental conditions, ventilation operation according to the environment of the building that can change from moment to moment becomes possible.

In step S27, the exhaust air volume setting means 34 sets the exhaust air volume Qe corresponding to the ventilation volume of 1.0 times / hour, and the exhaust air volume detection means 36 and the exhaust blower control so that the exhaust air volume Qe can be obtained. The exhaust blower 3 is operated by the means 35. At this time, the bypass switching means 5 selects the bypass route R3, and exhaust is performed in the bypass route R3.
Further, in step S27, the supply air volume setting means 31 sets the supply air volume Qs equal to the exhaust air volume Qe, and the supply air volume detection means 33, the supply air air so as to obtain the supply air volume Qs. The supply air blower 2 is operated by the blower control means 32. Thereafter, the process proceeds to step S26 described above.

  As described above, when it is determined that the environmental condition of the building in which the ventilation system S is installed is a thermal environment that requires exhaust heat in summer, the engine is operated in the bypass mode and the exhaust air volume Qe according to the ventilation volume Q. The exhaust blower 3 is operated in advance so as to obtain (see step S27). Then, the supply air blower 2 is operated so that the supply air amount Qs (outdoor air intake amount) equal to the exhaust amount of the exhaust blower 3 is obtained (see step S27). Thus, the exhaust operation prior to the exhaust blower 3 being operated leads to a ventilation operation giving priority to exhaust, and exhaust heat can be efficiently performed. Further, since the bypass path R3, which is an exhaust path in the bypass mode, has a low pressure loss with respect to the heat exchange path R2, conventionally, air leakage from the gaps in the building occurs due to an imbalance between the supply air volume and the exhaust air volume. As a result, ventilation efficiency could be reduced. However, in the first embodiment, since the supply air volume Qs is adjusted according to the exhaust air volume Qe, the balance between the exhaust air volume and the supply air volume is maintained appropriately, and the leakage from the gaps in the building Can be suppressed. For this reason, the exhaust heat effect of a building can be heightened. Note that the duct 50 may be connected so that the indoor air intake 14 that is an air intake to the bypass route R3 communicates with the indoor upper space 61a of the building. By doing in this way, the hot air which is easy to block in the indoor upper space 61a of the building in the summer can be discharged from the bypass route R3 to the outdoor 62, so the hot air in the building can be discharged efficiently.

  In addition, when the ventilation air volume and the operation mode are changed by the ventilation volume setting unit 41 and the combined circulation setting unit 42 during the continuous operation in step S26, the flowchart is restarted from a predetermined step as appropriate by interruption processing.

  Moreover, the numerical value shown in FIG. 4 is an example to the last, and a numerical value is suitably changed according to conditions, such as the environment (cold region, warm region, etc.) where this ventilator 1 and the ventilation system S are installed, the use of a building, etc. It is possible to

  As described above, in the ventilation device 1 according to the present embodiment, the environmental condition of the building in which the ventilation device 1 is installed is determined based on the detected temperature of the outdoor temperature sensor 21 and the detected temperature of the indoor temperature sensor 22. I did it. Then, based on this environmental condition, either the air supply advance operation or the exhaust advance operation is executed. For example, in the case of environmental conditions in winter or thermal environment conditions in which the air conditioning load is small in the intermediate period, fresh outdoor air can be reliably supplied from the room 61 by performing the air supply advance operation. In addition, for example, in the case of a thermal environment condition that requires exhaust heat in summer, exhaust heat can be efficiently performed by performing the exhaust advance operation, so that the air conditioning load can be reduced.

  The operation mode is switched between the heat exchange mode and the bypass mode based on the detected temperature of the outdoor temperature sensor 21, the detected temperature of the indoor temperature sensor 22, and the environmental conditions determined based on the temperature difference therebetween. Moreover, the target ventilation volume was set based on this environmental condition. For this reason, the energy saving effect which reduces the power consumption and air-conditioning load by ventilation can be acquired, maintaining a room air environment appropriately.

  As described above, the ventilator according to the present invention heats between indoor air and outdoor air as energy-saving means for general ventilation that allows the exhaust from the house and the supply of air into the house to function at all times (24 hours). In heat exchange ventilation in which ventilation is performed while exchanging, the method is useful for a method for reducing the air conditioning load and the like, and a ventilation device and a ventilation system for controlling the necessary ventilation amount without excess and deficiency to reduce the power consumption by ventilation and the air conditioning load.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ventilator, 2 Supply air blower, 2a Intake port, 3 Exhaust air blower, 4 Heat exchanger, 5 Bypass switching means, 6 Damper opening / closing adjustment means, 7 Indoor air purifying filter, 8a Filter upstream concentration detection means, 8b Filter downstream concentration Detecting means, 10 body case, 11 outdoor air inlet, 12 air inlet, 13 indoor air inlet, 14 indoor air inlet, 15 exhaust outlet, 16 circulating air inlet, 17 indoor air intake air path, 18 temperature Sensor opening, 19 Common part, 21 Outdoor temperature sensor, 22 Indoor temperature sensor, 30 Ventilator control means, 31 Supply air volume setting means, 32 Supply air blower control means, 33 Supply air volume detection means, 34 Exhaust air volume setting means 35 Exhaust blower control means 36 Exhaust air volume detection means 37 Bypass ventilation setting means 38 Contaminant collection efficiency Setting means, 41 Ventilation amount setting means, 42 Circulation combination setting means, 50 Duct, 61 Indoor, 61a Indoor upper layer space, 62 Outdoor, EA exhaust, OA outdoor air, RA1 indoor air, RA2 circulating air, RA3 indoor air, SA Air supply, R1 ventilation path, R2 heat exchange path, R3 bypass path.

Claims (7)

A supply air blower for forming a supply air flow to be supplied into the room;
An exhaust blower that forms an exhaust flow to the outside;
An outdoor air intake port and an air supply port communicating with the air supply blower, and a heat exchange indoor air intake port, a bypass indoor air intake port and an exhaust port communicating with the exhaust air blower are formed. And a main body case for housing the exhaust blower,
A heat exchange path comprising a heat exchanger that connects the indoor air intake for heat exchange and the exhaust outlet, and exchanges heat between the exhaust flow and the air supply flow;
A bypass path that connects the indoor air intake for bypass and the exhaust and bypasses the heat exchanger;
Path switching means for opening one of the heat exchange path and the bypass path and closing the other;
Outdoor air temperature detection means for detecting the temperature of air passing through the outdoor air intake;
Indoor air temperature detection means for detecting the temperature of air entering the main body case from the heat exchange indoor air intake or the bypass indoor air intake;
An air supply air volume detecting means for detecting an outdoor air intake amount taken into the main body case from the outdoor air intake port by driving the air supply blower;
An exhaust air volume detecting means for detecting an exhaust air volume exhausted from the exhaust port by driving the exhaust air fan;
Ventilator control means,
The ventilator control means includes
According to the detected value of the outdoor air temperature detecting means and the environmental condition determined based on the detected value of the indoor air temperature detecting means,
Switching between a heat exchange mode for opening the heat exchange path and a bypass mode for opening the bypass path, and
The air supply blower is driven and controlled in advance so as to obtain a ventilation amount set value that is a target value of the ventilation amount, and the exhaust air blower is controlled according to the outdoor air intake amount detected by the supply air amount detecting means. An air supply advance operation for driving control, and the exhaust air blower is driven and controlled in advance so as to obtain the ventilation amount set value, and the air supply air blower is driven according to the exhaust air amount detected by the exhaust air amount detecting means. A ventilator characterized by switching to the preceding exhaust operation to be controlled. An indoor air intake air passage connected to the main body case so as to communicate with both the indoor air intake for heat exchange and the indoor air intake for bypass;
The indoor air intake air path has a common part that allows air to flow even when either the heat exchange path or the bypass path is opened by the path switching means,
The ventilator according to claim 1, wherein the indoor air temperature detecting means is disposed in the common part of the indoor air intake air passage. The ventilator control means sets the ventilation amount setting value based on a detection value of the outdoor air temperature detection means and a detection value of the indoor air temperature detection means. The ventilation device described. The ventilator control means includes
After continuing the operation under the set operating conditions for a predetermined time, the operation is performed in either the heat exchange mode or the bypass mode based on the detection value of the outdoor air temperature detection means and the detection value of the indoor air temperature detection means. The ventilator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein it is set again whether to perform the air supply advance operation or the exhaust advance operation. The ventilator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the pressure loss of the bypass path is configured to be lower than the pressure loss of the heat exchange path. The ventilator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is installed inside a building,
The air supply port communicates with the room of the building, the outdoor air intake and the exhaust port communicate with the outside of the building, and the heat exchange indoor air intake and the bypass indoor air intake are the building. A ventilation system characterized in that a duct is arranged to communicate with the interior of the room. The ventilation system according to claim 6, wherein the bypass indoor air inlet communicates with an indoor upper space of the building.

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