JP5460266B2 - Hot air heater for horticulture - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a warm air heater for facility horticulture, and more particularly to a warm air heater for facility horticulture that can collect combustion residues such as sludge discharged accompanying combustion exhaust gas.

  FIG. 6 shows the structure of a conventional general hot air heater for facility horticulture. A conventional hot air heater 100 ′ for horticultural horticulture includes a furnace 102 in a casing 101, generates high-temperature combustion gas in the furnace 102 by ignition of the burner 104 of the combustion apparatus 103, and a blower 105 on the ceiling of the casing 101. The heat exchange unit 106 performs heat exchange between the introduced air and the high-temperature combustion gas, and the combustion gas after the heat exchange is exhaust gas, exhaust pipe 108, elbow pipe 109, chimney that continues from the smoke pipe 107 as exhaust gas. The hot air generated by heat exchange is supplied from the hot air discharge port 111 into the house through the hot air supply duct 112 while being discharged outside the house through 110. Control of heating operation (ignition and stop of the burner 104, operation and stop of the blower 105) is performed by a sensor that senses the temperature in the house.

  Examples of the hot air heater for facility horticulture include, for example, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 63-32259 (Patent Document 1), Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-2887 (Patent Document 2), and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-364999 (Patent Document 3). ) Etc. are known.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 63-32259 Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-2887 JP 2002-364999 A

  Most of the fuel used for horticultural horticulture uses A heavy oil with a high calorific value, and A heavy oil contains about 0.5 to 1.0% by weight of sulfur and ash in the fuel. . Most of sulfur and ash contained in the A heavy oil adhere to and accumulate on the bottom of the furnace 102, the heat exchange unit 106, and the bottom of the smoke chamber 107A as combustion residue (sludge) after combustion. FIG. 7 is a pressure change diagram in the furnace 102 from the start to the stop of the conventional facility horticulture hot air heater 100 ′. As shown in the figure, when the operation starts, the flame by the burner 104 suddenly expands in the furnace, the furnace pressure rapidly rises, and then, after steady operation, the temperature difference between the exhaust gases (the furnace temperature and the chimney temperature) The pressure inside the furnace tends to be negative due to natural ventilation due to the difference between the two, and the pressure inside the furnace becomes zero when the operation is stopped.

  For this reason, the fuel residue deposited on the bottom of the furnace 102, the heat exchange unit 106, and the smoke chamber 107A is blown out to the chimney 110 side with a change in the furnace pressure (especially a rapid change at the start of operation), and the chimney As a result, the fuel residue scattered from the chimney 110 adheres to the vinyl in the house and deteriorates vinyl and pipe materials, or lowers the translucency of the vinyl and affects the cultivation. There was a problem.

  Such a problem has become a particularly serious problem for farmers who use inexpensive waste oil as fuel for horticultural horticulture due to the recent increase in fuel costs such as heavy oil and kerosene.

On the other hand, since heavy oil contains sulfur, a part of the sulfur contained in heavy oil is oxidized during combustion to produce sulfuric anhydride (SO ₃ ), and moisture (H ₂₎ associated with a decrease in combustion gas temperature. There is a problem of so-called low temperature corrosion that reacts with O) to generate sulfuric acid (H ₂ SO ₄ ) vapor, which corrodes the pipe when the sulfuric acid vapor comes into contact with low temperature air and condenses.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and its object is to efficiently collect combustion residues discharged accompanying the exhaust gas during heating operation and simultaneously stabilize the combustion performance. The object is to provide a hot air heater for horticulture that can solve the problem of low temperature corrosion using heavy oil as a fuel.

In order to solve the above problems, a warm air heater for facility horticulture according to the present invention,
A combustion apparatus in which a horizontally long furnace and a heat exchanging portion are arranged in a casing, an exhaust pipe extending horizontally from the heat exchanging section through a smoke pipe, and a vertically upward chimney connected to the exhaust pipe are provided and attached to the casing In the facility horticulture hot air heater that exhausts the combustion exhaust gas generated inside the furnace by combustion of the burner to the outside from the chimney through the heat exchange part, exhaust pipe ,
Provided between the exhaust pipe and the chimney at the cyclone body connected to the lower end inlet of the chimney, the exhaust pipe outlet and the exhaust gas inlet connected to the side inlet of the upper casing of the cyclone body, and the lower cone of the cyclone body And a pressurized booster that attracts combustion exhaust gas that flows outside the exhaust pipe and flows through the exhaust pipe into the cyclone body, and separates the combustion residue contained in the combustion exhaust gas from the exhaust gas in the cyclone body And a collecting part for collecting in the accommodating part is provided,
The main feature is that during the heating operation, the air flow rate of the pressure booster is adjusted by the wind pressure signal from the wind pressure sensor arranged in the chimney so that the inside of the chimney is maintained at a negative pressure .

The hot air heater for facility horticulture according to the present invention has a second feature that the lower cone is composed of an outer cone made of an iron material and an inner cone made of stainless steel .

As described above, according to the facility horticulture hot air heater according to the present invention, the combustion residue contained in the combustion exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe to the chimney is captured between the exhaust pipe and the chimney continuing from the heat exchange section. Rutotomoni provided collecting unit for collecting, during the heating operation, the wind pressure signal from the wind pressure sensor disposed within the chimney, so as to adjust the blowing rate of the pressure booster as the chimney is maintained at a negative pressure Because
The combustion residue blown out in the exhaust pipe accompanying the combustion exhaust gas due to the pressure change in the furnace during the heating operation is collected before the chimney, and only the exhaust gas can be discharged from the chimney. In addition, the combustion performance can be stabilized by maintaining the inside of the chimney at a negative pressure. Thereby, the problem that the fuel residue scattered from the chimney adheres to the vinyl of the house and deteriorates the vinyl and pipe materials, or lowers the translucency of the vinyl to cause an influence on cultivation can be solved.

  Moreover, according to the hot air heater for horticultural horticulture according to the present invention, by using a pressurized booster, it is possible to efficiently separate the combustion residue and efficiently collect it in the housing part at the lower part of the cyclone body, The combination of the pressure booster and the partition plate has an effect of further improving the separation efficiency and collection efficiency of the fuel residue.

  Furthermore, according to the hot air heater for facility horticulture according to the present invention, the lower cone of the cyclone main body has a double cone structure of an outer and an inner, so that durability against low temperature corrosion when heavy oil is used as fuel and There is an effect that it is possible to cope with both aspects of maintainability.

The whole block diagram which shows one Embodiment of this invention, and shows the hot air heater for facilities gardening of this invention, The perspective view of the upper casing and exhaust gas introduction part of the cyclone main body in the collection part of the warm air heater shown in FIG. The horizontal sectional view which shows from the exhaust pipe of the hot air heater shown in FIG. 1 to the cyclone body, An overall perspective view showing an outer cone and an inner cone constituting the lower cone of the cyclone body; The other block diagram which shows other embodiment of this invention and shows the warm air heater for facilities gardening, Overall configuration diagram showing a conventional facility gardening hot air heater, It is a pressure change figure in a furnace from the operation start of the conventional warm air heater for facility gardening to a stop.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In FIG. 1, the code | symbol 100 is a warm air heater for facilities gardening.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a facility horticultural hot air heater (hereinafter referred to as “hot air heater”) 100 has a horizontally long furnace 102 disposed inside a horizontally long casing 101, A burner portion 104 of the combustion apparatus 103 attached to one end face of the casing 101 is disposed so as to protrude inside. On the top surface of the casing 101, a plurality (two) of blowers 105 are attached to the intake port with the fans facing downward. Above the furnace 102, a heat exchanging unit 106 composed of a plurality of smoke tubes is disposed. The interior of the furnace 102 and each smoke pipe communicate with each other via a communication portion 106a located in front. One large smoke pipe 107 that protrudes out of the casing 101 extends from the heat exchanging section 106 through the smoke chamber 107a. An exhaust pipe 108 extending horizontally is connected to the smoke pipe 107. Between a horizontally extending exhaust pipe 108 and a vertically upward chimney 110, a collection unit 200 described later for collecting combustion residue is disposed.

  Hot air outlets 111 are opened in the front and rear of the lower portion of the casing 101, and hot air supply ducts 112 are connected to the hot air outlets 111, respectively. Thereby, the hot air heater 100 burns fuel (A heavy oil) in the furnace 102 by ignition of the burner 14 of the combustion apparatus 103 to generate high-temperature combustion gas, and each of the smoke tubes and the furnace 102 of the heat exchange unit 106. , Heat exchange is performed between the high-temperature combustion gas and the air introduced into the casing 101 from the air inlet on the top surface by the operation of the blower 105, and the hot air generated by the heat exchange is The hot air is distributed from the hot air outlets 111 to the hot air supply ducts 112 to supply hot air widely into the house. Further, the combustion gas after the heat exchange is discharged as exhaust gas from the chimney 110 to the outside of the house from each smoke pipe of the heat exchange section 106 through the smoke chamber 107a, the smoke pipe 107, the exhaust pipe 108, and the collection section 200. It has become.

The collection unit 200 separates and lowers the combustion residue (including combustion products such as sludge and sulfur oxide) contained in the exhaust gas sent to the chimney 110 through the exhaust pipe 108 by the swirling airflow. The cyclone main body 201 and the exhaust gas introduction part 202 provided on the upper side surface of the cyclone main body 201 are provided. The cyclone main body 201 includes a headed cylindrical (inner diameter D ₀ ) upper casing 203, and an outer cone 204 and an inner cone 205 connected to the lower end of the upper casing 203. The outer cone 204 and the inner cone 205 form a lower cone portion of the cyclone main body 201. The lower end opening of the outer cone 204 is provided with a storage box 206 with a door 206a for storing the combustion residue separated and lowered by the swirling airflow. The inner cone 205 is made of stainless steel.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the cyclone main body 201 has an exhaust gas introduction port 203 </ b> A opened on a side surface of the upper casing 203, and an outlet of the exhaust gas introduction unit 202 is connected to the exhaust gas introduction port 203 </ b> A in a tangential direction. Yes. A cylindrical (inner diameter D ₁ ) swivel guide cylinder 207 that also serves as an exhaust gas guide is coaxially disposed in the center of the upper casing 203, and an exhaust gas introduction port is provided between the swivel guide cylinder 207 and the inner surface of the upper casing 203. An exhaust gas swirl passage 207a introduced in a tangential direction from 203A is formed. The upper end of the turning guide cylinder 207 reaches the chimney 110, and the lower end reaches the vicinity of the lower end of the upper casing 203. A flange-like flange 203B is provided at the lower end of the side peripheral surface of the upper casing 203, and is detachably connected to each other by bolts or the like between the flanges 204A, 205A provided at the upper ends of the outer cone 204 and the inner cone 205. ing.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the exhaust gas introduction part 202 is provided with a communication part 202 </ b> A on the side surface near the rear end, and the communication part 202 </ b> A is connected to the outlet of the exhaust pipe 108. In the exhaust gas introduction part 202, the direction of the exhaust gas sent to the exhaust gas inlet 203A of the cyclone main body 201 is changed in a substantially perpendicular direction. To the area of the inlet opening of the exhaust gas introducing portion 202 (diameter D _A), it has been narrowed area of the outlet opening (diameter D _B) is, thereby, accelerate the exhaust gas passing through the exhaust gas introducing portion 202 Thus, the accelerated exhaust gas can be sent into the turning passage 207a of the cyclone body 201. Here, the ratio of the area of the inlet opening (diameter D _A ) and the area of the outlet opening (diameter D _B ) of the exhaust gas introduction part 202 is 1: 0.55 to 0.75, more preferably 1: 0.65. Set to

  A pressurizing booster (pressurizing device) 208 is attached to the opening of the back surface 202a of the exhaust gas introducing unit 202 via a mounting plate 208a. The pressurization booster 208 accelerates exhaust gas passing through the exhaust gas introduction part 202. The nozzle part 209 facing the exhaust gas introduction port 203A is arranged inside the exhaust gas introduction part 202, and driven by the motor 210 at the rear end. A fan (not shown) is rotated, and a jet stream is ejected from the nozzle hole 209A toward the exhaust gas introduction port 203A, thereby attracting exhaust gas passing through the exhaust gas introduction unit 202 and further accelerating it. It can be fed into the turning passage 207a of the cyclone body 201. Thereby, the separation performance of the combustion residue contained in the exhaust gas can be enhanced.

  A partition plate 211 that extends from the ceiling of the upper casing 203 to the vicinity of the lower end position of the swivel guide cylinder 207 is provided in the swirl passage 207a at a position before the exhaust gas introduced from the exhaust gas introduction port 203A makes a round. The partition plate 211 adjusts the wind speed of the swirling exhaust gas in the middle of the exhaust gas swirling in the swirling passage 207a while ensuring the separation performance of the combustion residue by the pressurizing booster 208, and lowers the swirling flow downward. The flow is rectified into a swirl flow, and at the same time, the combustion residue is received by the partition plate 211 and also serves to drop into the lower inner cone 205.

  The exhaust gas descending while turning in the turning passage 207a reverses in the inner cone 205, rises into the turning guide cylinder 207, rises in the turning guide cylinder 207, and is discharged from the chimney 110 to the outside of the house. It is like that. On the other hand, the combustion residue separated from the exhaust gas by the powerful swirl flow reaches the inner peripheral surface of the upper casing 203, descends with the swirl flow, further descends in the inner cone 205, and from the upper surface opening 206b of the storage box 206. It is designed to be stored and stored inside.

  In the collection unit 200 having the above configuration, the cyclone main body 201 and the exhaust gas introduction unit 202 are supported by the support column 250 and the support member 251.

  Next, the operation and effect of the hot air heater for facility horticulture 100 of the present embodiment will be described below.

  During the heating operation, the combustion gas generated in the furnace 102 flows into the exhaust gas introduction unit 202 from the outlet of the exhaust pipe 108 together with the combustion residue blown from the bottom of the heat exchange unit 106 due to the pressure change in the furnace. It is accelerated by the jet flow ejected from the nozzle part 209 of the booster 208 and descends while receiving the action of the partition plate 211 while turning in the upper casing 203 of the cyclone main body 201. In the meantime, the combustion residue is separated by a strong swirl flow, is reversed and rises in the inner cone 205, passes through the swivel guide cylinder 207 and the chimney 110, and is discharged from the chimney 110 to the outside of the house. On the other hand, the separated combustion residue descends along with the swirling flow, further descends along the inner peripheral surface of the inner cone 205, and is accommodated in the accommodating box 206. The combustion residue accumulated in the storage box 206 is discharged by opening the door 206a.

  By adding a pressurized booster 208, outside air is blown into the upper casing 203, exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe 108 is attracted from the exhaust gas introduction part 202 into the upper casing 203, and separation performance is enhanced by a powerful swirl flow. it can. In this case, while the turning force is increased by the pressurizing booster 208 and the separation performance is increased, the fuel residue does not fall quickly and the collection function may be lowered. Therefore, the partition plate 211 rectifies the swirling flow in the upper casing 201 as a descending swirling flow, thereby urging the fuel residue to descend, and at the same time, the partition plate 211 directly receives the fuel residue in the upper casing 201 and the inner cone portion. It was made to fall into 205 forcibly. Thereby, it was possible to improve the collection performance as well as the separation performance.

  As a result, the combustion residue blown out from the bottom of the heat exchanging unit 106 or the like due to the pressure change during the heating operation can be efficiently removed in the collecting unit 200, and only the exhaust gas can be discharged from the chimney 110, as in the past. In addition, the problem that the fuel residue scattered from the chimney 110 adheres to the vinyl of the house and deteriorates the vinyl and pipe materials, or lowers the light transmittance of the vinyl to cause the influence on the cultivation has been solved.

  The pressurizing booster 208 can be a general-purpose product by being externally attached to the exhaust gas introduction unit 202. Thereby, compared with the case where a dedicated booster is incorporated in the exhaust gas introduction unit 202, the production cost can be reduced.

  Furthermore, the combustion performance can be stabilized by providing the pressure booster 208. In other words, the conventional general hot air heater for horticulture is natural exhaust (buoyancy) due to the temperature difference of the exhaust gas. However, in the heating operation under strong wind, the exhaust gas is not smoothly exhausted from the chimney and is not combusted. Although it was unstable, exhaust gas was attracted by the operation of the pressurized booster 208, and even in a strong wind, the inside of the chimney 110 can be maintained at a negative pressure and smoothly exhausted from the chimney 110. Combustion performance can be stabilized.

Since the inner cone 205 made of stainless steel is disposed inside the outer cone 204 of the cyclone main body 201, it is possible to take measures against low temperature corrosion. During the heating operation, the heat exchange unit 106 and the exhaust pipe 108 are in a high temperature (about 300 ° C.) state, so low temperature corrosion due to sulfur contained in the combustion gas does not become a problem. As described above, normal temperature outside air is sucked into the exhaust gas introduction unit 202 by the pressurization booster 208, so that the normal temperature outside air and the high temperature exhaust gas are mixed, and the exhaust gas flowing into the cyclone body 201 from the exhaust gas introduction unit 202 is As a result of the temperature decreasing from about 300 ° C. to about 200 ° C., condensed water (dew) of sulfuric acid (H ₂ SO ₄ ) vapor is generated on the inner surface of the inner cone 205.

  Since the inner cone 205 is made of stainless steel, the anti-corrosion property against the low temperature corrosion is achieved, and at the same time, only the inner inner cone 205 needs to be replaced as shown in FIG. By forming the inner cone 205 from a stainless material resistant to low temperature corrosion and the other members including the outer cone 204 from an inexpensive iron material, the manufacturing cost can be further reduced.

  FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which a wind pressure sensor (pressure sensor) 212 is arranged inside the chimney 110 and the air flow rate of the pressure booster 208 is adjusted by the wind pressure signal from the wind pressure sensor 212. It is what I did. That is, the pressurization booster 208 attracts exhaust gas by the blast and plays a role of smoothly exhausting the exhaust gas while maintaining the inside of the chimney 110 at a negative pressure. However, depending on the conditions under strong wind, the pressurization booster 208 The chimney 110 may have a positive pressure against the exhaust wind. In this case, it is necessary to increase the air flow rate of the pressure booster 208 and maintain the inside of the chimney 110 at a negative pressure.

  Therefore, when the wind pressure sensor 212 is disposed inside the chimney 110 and the wind pressure signal (control signal) from the wind pressure sensor 212 is transmitted to the motor 210 of the pressurization booster 208, the wind pressure signal becomes positive (the chimney 110 has In the case of positive pressure), the rotation of the motor 210 is increased, and the air flow rate of the pressurization booster 208 is increased from the initial setting value so that the inside of the chimney 110 is always maintained at a negative pressure. In addition, if the inside of the chimney 110 returns to the negative pressure, the air flow rate of the pressurization booster 208 is controlled to return to the initial setting value by the wind pressure signal from the wind pressure sensor 212.

  In this case, the control of the air flow rate by the pressurizing booster 208 is based on the wind pressure sensor 212 and the opening degree control of a damper (not shown) provided in the chimney 110 in addition to the rotation speed control of the motor 210 by the inverter described above. It can be carried out. As a result, the inside of the chimney 110 can always be maintained at a negative pressure and exhausted smoothly from the chimney 110, so that the combustion performance can be constantly stabilized.

  Thus, according to the facility horticultural hot air heater 100 of this embodiment, the combustion residue contained in the exhaust gas is efficiently collected, and only the exhaust gas is discharged from the chimney. In addition, it has become possible to save heating costs by stabilizing the combustion performance even under strong winds.

  The facility horticulture warm air heater according to the present invention can be used as a warm air heater capable of collecting fuel residues contained in exhaust gas and as a warm air heater capable of exhibiting stable combustion performance. It is.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100,100 'Facility horticultural warm air heater 101 Casing 102 Furnace 103 Combustion device 104 Burner part 105 Blower 106 Heat exchange part 106a, 202A Communication part 107 Smoke chamber 108 Exhaust pipe 109 Connection pipe 110 Chimney 111 Hot air outlet 112 Warm Wind supply duct 200 Collection unit 201 Cyclone main body 202 Exhaust gas introduction unit 202a Back surface of exhaust gas introduction unit 203 Upper casing 203A Exhaust gas introduction port 203B, 204A, 205A Flange 204 Outer cone 205 Inner cone 206 Accommodation box (accommodating unit)
206a Door 207 Turning guide cylinder 207a Turning passage 208 Pressure booster 209 Nozzle part 209A Nozzle hole 210 Motor 211 Partition plate 212 Wind pressure sensor 250 Support column 251 Support member G Exhaust gas S Combustion residue

Claims (2)

A combustion apparatus in which a horizontally long furnace and a heat exchanging portion are arranged in a casing, an exhaust pipe extending horizontally from the heat exchanging section through a smoke pipe, and a vertically upward chimney connected to the exhaust pipe are provided and attached to the casing In the facility horticulture hot air heater that exhausts the combustion exhaust gas generated inside the furnace by combustion of the burner to the outside from the chimney through the heat exchange part, exhaust pipe ,
Provided between the exhaust pipe and the chimney at the cyclone body connected to the lower end inlet of the chimney, the exhaust pipe outlet and the exhaust gas inlet connected to the side inlet of the upper casing of the cyclone body, and the lower cone of the cyclone body And a pressurized booster that attracts combustion exhaust gas that flows outside the exhaust pipe and flows through the exhaust pipe into the cyclone body, and separates the combustion residue contained in the combustion exhaust gas from the exhaust gas in the cyclone body And a collecting part for collecting in the accommodating part is provided,
Hot air heating for horticultural horticulture, wherein the air flow rate of the pressure booster is adjusted so that the inside of the chimney is maintained at a negative pressure by the wind pressure signal from the wind pressure sensor disposed in the chimney during the heating operation Machine. The warm air heater for facility gardening according to claim 1 , wherein the lower cone is composed of an outer cone made of an iron material and an inner cone made of stainless steel .

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