JP5460013B2 - Assembly of geomaterial reinforcement for structures built in reinforced ground, associated structures, and associated methods - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an assembly of geomaterial reinforcements designed for use with structures constructed in reinforced ground, and the present invention also relates to geomaterial reinforcement for constructing structures on reinforced ground. It relates to the use of an assembly of materials.

  Structures built in reinforced ground relate to compacted backfills, walls, and optionally reinforcements connected to the walls.

  Use various types of reinforcements such as metal reinforcements, such as galvanized steel reinforcements, stabilization strips, such as polyester fiber-based stabilization strips, and stabilization sheets, such as geomaterial-based stabilization sheets can do. They are placed in place in the ground at a density depending on the stress that can be applied to the structure, and thrust from the ground is received by rubbing between the ground and the reinforcement.

  The walls are often made from ready-made concrete elements in the form of slabs or blocks juxtaposed to cover the front of the structure.

  In some cases, a strip-shaped stiffener in the range of about 3 meters (m) to 10 meters in length is provided, although shorter or longer strips can be used. The width of the strip is generally in the range of 4 centimeters (cm) to 6 cm, but strips up to 10 cm or 25 cm or larger can be used. Their thickness can vary, for example, from about 1 millimeter (mm) to a few centimeters, generally in the range of 1 mm to 6 mm.

  In other cases, for example, a sheet-shaped reinforcement in the range of about 3 m to 10 m in length is provided, although shorter or longer sheets can be used. The width of the sheets can be about 1 meter, for example, about several meters.

  Usually, a reinforcing material made of geomaterial is used. The term “geomaterial” is used to refer to a flat material derived from a polymer and used in structures designed in connection with the ground, rock or soil.

  Geomaterials are specifically sold in the form of strips or sheets.

  These geomaterials can be obtained by woven or non-woven textile means. It can also be obtained from a strip or sheet formed by drawing.

  These geomaterials can be in the form of a grid, which is generally planar, with a network arrangement of openings, in the form of a planar (natural or synthetic) polymer structure.

  As an example, the geopolymer is made from polyethylene, specifically high-density polyethylene (HDPE).

  Geomaterials in the form of strips or grids are commercially available, for example, by TENSAR International, for example the commercial numbers are TENSAR RE Geogrid (specifically 40RE, 55RE, 80RE, 120RE and 160RE), TENSAR SR Geogrid (specifically SR55, SR80, and SR110), TENSAR SS Geogrid (specifically, SS20, SS30, SS40, SS2, SSLA20, and SSLA30).

  Other geomaterials are sold by other companies.

  The purpose of the stiffener, specifically the stabilization strip or sheet, is to transmit force to the ground or soil and thus distribute the force.

  In particular, it is important to transmit force between the reinforcement and the backfill in which it is placed. Therefore, the surface area of the reinforcement must be sufficient to produce the required shear strength per unit length by friction.

  Furthermore, preferably, the reinforcement can transmit force over its entire length and thus has a high traction strength.

  When implementing geomaterial reinforcement, it may be advantageous to use an assembly of geomaterial reinforcement not only in terms of ease of installation and configuration of force distribution, but also for economic reasons. is there.

  As is well known, a bar can be used to assemble two geomaterial reinforcements together to form an assembly referred to as a “standard assembly” within the context of the present invention.

  Such a standard assembly 2 is shown generally in FIG. In FIG. 1, two portions 21, 22 of a grid-shaped geomaterial reinforcement are joined together by a bar 20. The reinforcements 21, 22 each include a plurality of rows of openings 23, 24, and any two adjacent openings are divided by respective segments 25, 26 of the geomaterial. The two rows of openings and segments 23 and 25 and 24 and 26 are divided by a transverse portion 29 of the geomaterial. A segment 25 of a row of geomaterials of the first reinforcement 21 is arranged in an opening 24 of a row of the second reinforcement 22 and complementarily the opening of said row of the second reinforcement 22. The row of the segments 26 of the part 24 is arranged in the row of the openings 23 of the segments 25 of the row of the first reinforcing member 21. The bar 20 has a segment portion 27 of the second reinforcement 22 above the bar 20, the segment portion 27 extending on both sides near a segment portion 28 disposed below the second reinforcement 22, Complementarily, the segment part of the first reinforcement 21 is below the bar 20 and extends in the vicinity of the segment part arranged above the first reinforcement 21 on both sides thereof. The reinforcements 21 and 22 are inserted between the segments 25 and 26 in the row.

  Unfortunately, such standard assemblies have several drawbacks, such as, for example, the vicinity of the zone where the segments 25, 26 are in contact with the bar 20 or the connection where they are connected to the transverse portion 29 of the geomaterial. There are a number of weaknesses, such as possible weaknesses of the segments 25, 26 near the point.

  One object of the present invention is to use reinforcements assembled together in this way to reduce the risk of shearing of the reinforcements in the assembly and thereby extend the useful life of the structure. It is to propose an assembly of material reinforcement.

  Therefore, the present invention relates to an assembly in which the first geomaterial reinforcing material and the second geomaterial reinforcing material for the structure to be built in the reinforced ground are assembled in the assembling direction. Is flat, has a length and width that are significantly longer than the thickness, includes at least one row of openings arranged in the direction of the opening, and any two adjacent openings of the same row of openings of the same reinforcement are , An assembly that is divided by geomaterial segments and whose assembly direction is substantially coincident with the opening direction of each of the two stiffeners, wherein the geomaterial segment of each row of the two stiffener openings is , Around the same bar arranged in the assembly direction, each forming an open loop in the opening of one row of openings in the other reinforcement, The open loop extends near the substantially overlapped reinforcement portion of each of the two reinforcement members, and the substantially overlapped reinforcement portion of the first reinforcement member is substantially opposite to the direction in which the substantially overlapped reinforcement portion of the second reinforcement member extends. An assembly extending in the direction of is provided.

  With the assembly of the geomaterial reinforcement of the present invention, the shear force applied by the bars placed in the assembly direction on the segment between two adjacent openings is greatly reduced.

  Furthermore, unlike a standard assembly, the two geopolymer reinforcements penetrate each other, so that the area of direct contact between the two reinforcements in the assembly zone is not very large. As a result, the risk of damaging the reinforcement is reduced when the reinforcement is placed in a structure where the backfill rubs against the reinforcement.

  Note also that the assembly of the present invention is simple and inexpensive to implement. It is easy to select a location and optimize the number or density of these assemblies in the structure, and thus optimize the mechanical properties and cost.

The geomaterial reinforcement assembly of the present invention may also have one or more of the following optional features, either individually or in a viable combination.
-Geomaterial reinforcement is a strip whose length is significantly longer than its width.
-Geomaterial reinforcement is a sheet with approximately the same width and length.
・ The geomaterials for which the reinforcing material is made are arranged with a plurality of thin strips arranged substantially in parallel with each other and a plurality of thin strips arranged substantially perpendicularly to the above-mentioned thin strips with a spacing substantially parallel to each other. A plurality of thin strips formed in a lattice shape, and a space between two substantially parallel adjacent strips, and a series of substantially parallel strips perpendicular to it are one row of openings. Form.
• A row of openings results from notches in the reinforcement in the form of strips or sheets, specifically made from geotextiles.
The axis perpendicular to the assembling direction forms an angle α with respect to the axis arranged in the longitudinal direction of the reinforcement, the angle α being in the range of 0 ° to 60 °, for example a maximum of 30 ° or a maximum of 15 °.
The axis of the second stiffener makes a non-zero angle α with respect to the axis perpendicular to the assembly direction, the second stiffener being connected to each other in a zigzag configuration;
The segment forming the open loop of the first reinforcement geomaterial is adjacent to at least one segment of the second reinforcement geomaterial forming the open loop.
-The bar | burr arrange | positioned in the assembly direction is a cylinder symmetrical in the circumferential direction.

  The present invention also provides a structure comprising a wall standing along the front of the structure, a backfill located behind the wall, and a geomaterial reinforcement extending during the backfill, said structure The article is characterized in that at least the first and second geomaterial reinforcements are connected together to form the above-described assembly of the present invention.

  In one embodiment of the structure, at least one end of the first stiffener connected to a second stiffener to form the assembly, eg both ends, is inserted into the wall, for example Embedded in the panel contained in the wall.

  The present invention also provides a method for constructing a structure, said method comprising standing a wall made of panels, for example panels, along the front of the structure and placing a geomaterial reinforcement in place. Including a step of backfilling the back of the wall with a backfilling material and a step of compacting the backfilling material, wherein the first geomaterial reinforcing material and the second geomaterial reinforcing material are connected to each other, Form the above-described assembly of the invention.

  In performing the method, the method further comprises providing a wall panel that includes a first geomaterial reinforcement having one or both ends inserted into the panel; Or forming a panel with at least one reinforcement end inserted therein, wherein the reinforcement constitutes a first reinforcement and, like the assembly, a second geomaterial reinforcement. Connected to the material.

  In performing the method, after assembling the first and second stiffeners together to form an open loop, the method further carries the loops of the first and second stiffeners together. And inserting the bar by sliding the bar into a loop formed of the first and second reinforcements.

  In the context of the present invention, the term “assembly direction” in which two reinforcements are assembled together is used to refer to the axis around which each reinforcement forms a loop. In general, the direction is constituted by the width direction of at least one reinforcement, or the width direction of both reinforcements.

  In the given example, the loop formed around the assembly direction is an open loop extending in the generally opposite direction of the respective reinforcement.

  The term “loop” means that the first part of the path overlaps the second part of the path, and the first and second parts are continuous by a curved third part. Used to refer to interconnected paths.

  The term “open loop” is used to refer to a loop in which the third part of the path is not itself a ring, for example C-shaped.

  The second dimension “significantly greater” first dimension indicates that the first dimension is at least 5 or even 10 times greater than the second dimension.

  The term “row” is used to refer to the same continuous element or the same pattern, arranged in a given direction.

  The term “opening direction” is used to refer to an axis that passes along a row of openings. These axes can extend along the width of the stiffener, but as long as the opening direction overlaps with some of the openings in the same row of stiffeners, the main direction (stiffener width) Or can be significantly inclined with respect to length).

  The invention may be better understood by reading the following description, given by way of example only, and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

  For simplicity, the various elements illustrated are not necessarily drawn to scale.

  FIG. 2 generally shows an example of the assembly of the present invention.

  The assembly 1 combines a first geomaterial reinforcement 11 and a second geomaterial reinforcement 12.

  The illustrated reinforcements 11 and 12 are of the “geogrid” type. The reinforcement 11 is of the geogrid type obtained by drawing and drilling the material, the geomaterial segment 112 is obtained from a continuously extending material, the segments are arranged in parallel, each end The sections are interconnected by respective transverse portions 115. The segment 112 and the two transverse portions 115 define a row of openings 111.

  The reinforcing material 12 is of a geogrid type obtained by assembling thin strips together. The plurality of thin strips 126 are arranged substantially parallel to each other in the length direction of the reinforcing member 12. The plurality of thin strips 125 are arranged substantially parallel to each other in the width direction of the reinforcing member 12 and are assembled to the above-described thin strips 126 substantially vertically. As a result, the plurality of segments 122 are substantially parallel to each other and are interconnected via a transverse portion formed by a thin strip 125. A row of segments 122 and two transverse portions 125 are each interconnected to the same segment 122 at each end, thereby defining a row of openings 121.

Two reinforcing members 11 and 12 are connected to each other by a bar 13, the axis of the bar 13 forms a direction _{D 1} assembled.

Each stiffener 11, 12 includes a row of segments 112 and 122, around those segments bar 13, thus forming an open loop 113 and 123 around the direction _{D 1} assembled.

These segments forming an open loop 113 and 123, extending close to the reinforcing portion 114 and 124, their reinforcing portions 114, 124 extend in parallel with at least one component in the axial _{D 2,} the Saijiku D ₂ is the axis perpendicular to the axis _{D 1} of the reinforcing member 11, 12 is positioned in a plane extending above and below. The reinforcing portions 114 are substantially overlapped at least near the bar 13 in the sense that they are located on both sides of the planes D ₁ and D ₂ . The same applies to the reinforcing part 124.

A row of opening 111 of the reinforcing member 11 extends in a direction _{D O} which substantially coincides with the _{D 1,} segment 122 of the reinforcement 12 to form a loop 123 is disposed so as to be positioned in the opening 111. The same applies to the reinforcing material segment 112 of the reinforcing material 11 forming the row of openings 121 and the loop 113 of the reinforcing material 12.

  In the illustrated example, one or two reinforcing material segments 11 are arranged in each of the openings 121 of the reinforcing material 12, and the reinforcing material segments 12 are not arranged in each of the openings 111 of the reinforcing material 11 or one is arranged. The

Reinforcements 114, if the direction of the component along the axis D ₂ of the reinforcing portion 124 is positive in the sense that when the reinforcing portion 114 is negative, substantially direction reinforcement portion 124 extends Extend in the opposite direction.

In the illustrated example, the reinforcing member 12 is disposed obliquely with respect to the axis D _2. Direction _{D 3} along the narrow strip 126 is at an angle α with respect to the plane _D 1, _{D 2} of the _{D 2} direction D _'2 parallel to.

  The value of α is in the range of about 10 ° to 20 ° in this example. This feature allows the reinforcement 12 to be arranged in a zigzag configuration. A plurality of reinforcing members 12 can be combined with each other to form a wide continuous reinforcing member.

  While not limiting, in the illustrated embodiment, the stiffener 11 is short and limited to a single row of stiffener segments 112.

  In one embodiment (not shown), each end of the stiffener 11 is connected to a transverse portion 115 so that at least one or both transverse portions 115 are embedded in the panel, thereby building in reinforced ground. It becomes possible to construct a wall for a structure.

  FIG. 3 shows a structure 30 of the present invention. The compacted backfill 34 on which the geomaterial reinforcement 1 assembled according to the present invention is laid is composed of a wall 31 made of pre-fabricated elements 32 on the front side of the structure, and the structure 30 on the back side thereof. Defined by an upstanding surface 33.

  To provide tackiness for the structure 30, the geomaterial reinforcement 1 assembled together can be connected to the wall element 32 and can extend through the backfill 34 for a distance. These geomaterial reinforcements 1 assembled together contribute to reinforcing the ground located in the reinforcement zone Z behind the wall 31.

  The assembly 1 of the geomaterial reinforcing material 1 includes a first reinforcing material 11, and the first reinforcing material 11 is assembled to the second reinforcing material 12 by a bar 13 arranged as shown in FIG. 2.

  In such a reinforced zone Z, the backfill material 34 is very strong because it is reinforced by the geomaterial reinforcement 1 assembled together. Therefore, it is possible to withstand the shear stress applied by the thrust to which the geomaterial reinforcement 1 assembled to each other is exposed. Of course, this reinforced zone Z must be thick enough to hold the wall 31 firmly.

  Therefore, the wall used in contact with the backfill can be held by simply connecting the geomaterial reinforcing members 1 assembled to each other behind the wall element 32. The backfill may be large in volume.

  In a possible embodiment, the first assembled geomaterial reinforcement 1 is incorporated during the manufacture of the wall element 32. As is often the case, when the element 32 is a ready-made concrete element, a portion of the first reinforcement 11 can be embedded in the concrete into which the element 32 is cast. In the example of the structure configuration shown in FIG. 3, the geomaterial reinforcing members 1 assembled to each other are arranged on a horizontal plane and are alternately stacked over the entire height of the structure.

To stand the structure shown in FIG. 3, it is possible to proceed as follows.
a) Several wall elements 32 are in place so that they can be backfilled to a height which is the backfill material, and as is well known, the assembly and placement of the wall elements between each other Can be facilitated by an assembly member placed in
b) The geomaterial reinforcement 1 assembled with each other on the existing backfill is installed, and a little thrust is applied to them.
c) On the back side of the wall element 31, up to the next level of the geomaterial reinforcement 1 assembled to each other, the layer of the geomaterial reinforcement 1 assembled immediately before is backfilled with a backfill material, The backfill material is compacted when used for backfilling.
d) Repeat steps a) to c) until the top level of backfilling is reached.

  It should be noted that numerous changes can be made to the structure described above and how it is constructed.

  It is also possible to carry out the method according to the invention even in the case of a strip-shaped reinforcement arranged in a zigzag configuration. By means of the second stiffener 12, the stiffener 12 is secured to the wall 31, for example by hooks, loops or other means known to those skilled in the art connected by fastening to the surface 33. Can be fixed to the ground surface 33.

  The present invention is not limited to these types of embodiments, but should be construed to include non-limiting and equivalent embodiments.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a prior art mode of the assembly described above. 1 is a perspective view of an assembly of the present invention. It is a schematic sectional side view of the structure of the present invention constructed on a reinforced ground.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Assembly of geomaterial reinforcement 11 1st geomaterial reinforcement 12 2nd geomaterial reinforcement 13 Bar 111,121 Opening 112,122 Geomaterial segment 113,123 Open loop 114,124 Reinforcement part 115 Transverse part 125, 126 Thin strip D ₁ Assembling direction D ₂ Axis perpendicular to assembling direction D ₃ Axis arranged in length direction of reinforcing material D _O opening direction

Claims (11)

A structure (30), a wall (31) standing along the front of the structure (30), a backfill (34) located behind the wall (31), and the backfill (34) A structure (30) comprising at least first and second geomaterial reinforcements (11, 12) extending therethrough,
The first geomaterial reinforcement (11) and the second geomaterial reinforcement (12) are connected together to form an assembly (1);
Said assembly (1) it is assembled in the assembly direction (D1), wherein each of the two reinforcements (11, 12) is substantially flat, significantly longer than the length and width thickness, the opening direction (DO) includes at least one row of openings, and two adjacent openings (111, 121) of the same row of openings (111, 121) of the same reinforcing material Divided by segments (112, 122), the assembly direction (D1) is substantially coincident with the opening direction (DO) of each of the two reinforcing members (11, 12),
A geomaterial segment (112, 122) in each row of openings (111, 121) of the two reinforcements is placed around the same bar (13) arranged in the assembling direction, on the other side. Open loops (113, 123) are formed in the openings (121, 111) of the openings in one row of the reinforcing material, respectively, and the open loops (113, 123) of the segments (112, 122) of the geomaterial are formed. , Each of the two reinforcing members (11, 12) extends near the substantially overlapping reinforcing portion (114, 124), and the substantially overlapping reinforcing portion (114) of the first reinforcing member (11) includes the first reinforcing member (114). In the structure (30) extending in a direction substantially opposite to the direction in which the substantially overlapping reinforcing portion (124) of the two reinforcing members (12) extends ,
Both ends (115) of the first reinforcement (11) connected to the second reinforcement (12) to form the assembly (1) are embedded in the panel (32) included in the wall. Structure (30), characterized in that The structure (30) according to claim 1, characterized in that the geomaterial reinforcement is a strip whose length is significantly greater than the width. The structure (30) according to claim 1, wherein the geomaterial reinforcing material is a sheet, and the width and length of the sheet are approximately the same. The geomaterial from which the reinforcing material is made has a plurality of thin strips (125) spaced substantially parallel to each other and substantially perpendicular to the above-described thin strip (125), and substantially parallel to each other It is in the form of a grating made up of a plurality of thin strips (126) spaced apart, and any two adjacent substantially parallel strips (125), perpendicular to them and substantially parallel to each other 4. A structure (30 ) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the space between a series of thin strips (126) forms a row of openings (121). ) 4. A line according to claim 1, characterized in that a row of openings (121) arises from a cutout of a reinforcing material in the form of a strip or a sheet, made in particular of geotextile. Structure (30) . The axis (D2) perpendicular to the assembling direction forms an angle α with respect to the axis (D3) arranged in the length direction of the reinforcing material, and the angle α is in the range of 0 ° to 60 °, for example, the maximum The structure (30) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it is at 30 ° or at most 15 °. The axis of the second reinforcement (12) forms a non-zero angle α with respect to the axis (D2) perpendicular to the assembly direction, and the second reinforcement (12) is connected to each other in a zigzag configuration. The structure (30) according to claim 6, characterized by: At least one segment (112) forming an open loop (113) of the geomaterial of the first reinforcement (11) forms an open loop (123) of the geomaterial of the second reinforcement (12) The structure (30) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it is adjacent to one segment (122 ) . The structure (30 ) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the bar (13) arranged in the assembling direction (D1) is a cylinder symmetrical in the circumferential direction. ) A method of constructing a structure comprising the steps of standing a wall (31), eg a wall made of panels (32), along the front of the structure and applying a geomaterial reinforcement (11, 12). After placing in position, backfilling (31) the back of the wall with backfill, and compacting the backfill, comprising a first geomaterial reinforcement (11) and a second In a method of constructing a structure wherein geomaterial reinforcements (12) are joined together to form an assembly (1) ,
Supplying a panel (32) comprising the first geomaterial reinforcement (11) having both ends (115) embedded in the panel (32), or a panel (32), Forming the panel (32) embedded at both ends in-situ . After the open loops (113, 123) are formed by the first and second reinforcing members (11, 12) assembled together, the loops (113, 123) of the first and second reinforcing members are carried. The bar (13) by sliding the bar (13) on the loop (113, 123) formed of the first and second reinforcing members (11, 12). The method of claim 10 , further comprising inserting.

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