JP5449223B2 - Electromagnetic brake device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an electromagnetic brake device provided in, for example, an elevator device, an automobile, a train, or the like, and more particularly to a silent mechanism for brake operation sound.

  In a traction type elevator apparatus, a main rope for suspending a car and a counterweight is wound around a drive sheave (shelve) in a “slave” manner. The car and the counterweight are lifted and lowered by the rotation of the drive sheave using the frictional force (traction) between the main rope and the drive sheave. Further, an electromagnetic brake device is generally employed as a brake device that brakes the rotation of the drive sheave.

  In the conventional electromagnetic brake device, the movable iron core is attracted and held toward the fixed iron core by energizing the brake coil, and the braking force is released. Further, by shutting off the power supply to the brake coil, the movable iron core is moved by the spring force of the first and second brake springs, the braking surface comes into contact with the rotating portion, and the braking force is applied. Furthermore, by making the first and second brake springs asymmetric and opening the movable iron core in a double-tone manner, the operation noise that occurs when the braking surface comes into contact with the rotating portion is reduced (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  In another conventional electromagnetic brake device, the movable iron core moves by energizing the brake coil, and the magnetic resistance in another gap (lateral) increases as the gap interval between the movable iron core and the fixed iron core becomes narrower. As a result, an increase in suction force is suppressed and collision noise is reduced (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

JP2003-21179A JP 2003-68524 A

In the conventional electromagnetic brake device disclosed in Patent Document 1, when the movable iron core is rotated, when the gap is large, the inclination of the braking surface and the brake shoe becomes large, so that an inclination correcting means such as a spherical seat is necessary. Cost increases.
Further, in the conventional electromagnetic brake device disclosed in Patent Document 2, the surface of the movable iron core and the surface of the fixed iron core collide uniformly, so the impact sound is not sufficiently reduced and the machining of the magnetic pole surface is complicated. The cost becomes higher.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to obtain an electromagnetic brake device capable of reducing brake operation noise with a simple configuration.

  An electromagnetic brake device according to the present invention is provided in an electromagnetic magnet having a fixed iron core and a brake coil, a movable iron core attracted to the electromagnetic magnet by energizing the brake coil, and the movable iron core is attracted to the electromagnetic magnet. The movable body having a brake shoe that is separated from the braked body by cutting, and the braking force energization that moves the movable iron core by asymmetric force and contacts the brake shoe with the braked body by cutting off the power to the brake coil And a displacement restraining jig that contacts the movable body in the middle of the rotational movement of the movable body by the asymmetric force of the braking force urging section and changes the direction of the rotational movement of the movable iron core.

  In the electromagnetic brake device of the present invention, since the direction of the rotational motion can be changed by the displacement restraining jig during the rotational motion of the movable body, the movement of the movable body is temporarily stopped during the braking operation, and then the motion starts again. Therefore, the brake shoe comes into contact with the body to be braked at a low speed, the operation noise is reduced, and the adjustment is made so that the brake shoe comes into contact with the braking surface almost in parallel. Is simple.

It is sectional drawing which shows the state at the time of braking force cancellation | release of the electromagnetic brake device by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which follows the II-II line | wire of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the state in the middle of the braking force application operation | movement of the electromagnetic brake device of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the state at the time of the braking force application of the electromagnetic brake device of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the state at the time of braking force cancellation | release of the electromagnetic brake device by Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which follows the VI-VI line of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the state at the time of braking force cancellation | release of the electromagnetic brake device by Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which follows the VIII-VIII line of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the state in the middle of the braking force application operation | movement of the electromagnetic brake device of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the state at the time of braking force application of the electromagnetic brake device of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the state at the time of braking force cancellation | release of the electromagnetic brake device by Embodiment 4 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which follows the XII-XII line | wire of FIG. It is a side view which shows the state in the middle of the braking force application operation | movement of the electromagnetic brake device of FIG.

Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a state when the braking force of the electromagnetic brake device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is released, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. In the figure, the electromagnetic magnet 1 has a fixed iron core 2 and a brake coil 3 attached to the fixed iron core 2. The flat movable core 4 is attracted to the electromagnetic magnet 1 by energizing the brake coil 3.

  A brake shoe 5 is mounted on the movable iron core 4. The movable body has a movable iron core 4 and a brake shoe 5. The brake shoe 5 is separated from the inner peripheral surface (braking surface) of the rotating body 6 which is a body to be braked when the movable iron core 4 is attracted to the electromagnetic magnet 1.

  The fixed iron core 2 is provided with a braking force urging portion 7 that generates an urging force that presses the brake shoe 5 against the rotating body 6. The braking force urging unit 7 includes first and second brake springs 8 and 9 that urge the movable core 4 in a direction away from the fixed core 2. For example, coil springs are used as the first and second brake springs 8 and 9. The first and second brake springs 8 and 9 are accommodated in first and second recesses 2 a and 2 b provided in the fixed iron core 2, respectively.

  The spring force of the first brake spring 8 is larger than the spring force of the second brake spring 9. The first and second brake springs 8 and 9 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the center line of the electromagnetic magnet 1, the movable iron core 4 and the brake shoe 5. For this reason, the braking force urging unit 7 moves the movable iron core 4 with asymmetrical force to bring the brake shoe 5 into contact with the rotating body 6 by cutting off the energization to the brake coil 3.

  In this way, by interrupting energization of the brake coil 3, the brake shoe 5 is pressed against the rotating body 6 by the urging force of the braking force urging unit 7, and the braking force is applied to the rotator 6. Further, by energizing the brake coil 3 to excite the electromagnetic magnet 1, the movable iron core 4 is attracted against the urging force of the braking force urging unit 7 and the application of the braking force is released.

  The operation of applying and releasing the braking force can be adjusted by adjusting the magnitude of the energization current to the brake coil 3.

  A plurality of acceleration suppression members 10 made of an elastic body (for example, rubber or spring) are connected between the fixed iron core 2 and the movable iron core 4. In this example, acceleration suppression members 10 are arranged at the four corners of the movable iron core 4.

  The acceleration suppression member 10 reduces the driving force of the braking force biasing portion 7 to the movable core 4 as the gap between the fixed core 2 and the movable core 4 opens. Thereby, the influence of the electromagnetic force of the electromagnetic magnet 1 is lowered by opening the gap, and the moving speed of the movable iron core 4 is suppressed as much as possible.

  A displacement restraining jig (rotation restraining mechanism) 11 is fixed by a plurality of bolts 12 on the side surface of the fixed iron core 2 on the side close to the first brake spring 8 (the side on which the biasing force of the braking force biasing portion 7 is large). ing. The displacement restraining jig 11 according to Embodiment 1 is a member formed by bending a flat plate into an L shape.

  At the end of the displacement restraining jig 11 on the rotating body 6 side, there is provided an abutting portion 11a with which the edge of the end surface on the rotating body 6 side of the movable iron core 4 contacts. Further, the displacement restraining jig 11 has a buffer member 13 fixed to a surface of the contact portion 11a facing the movable core 4. As the buffer member 13, for example, an elastic body such as rubber or plastic is used.

  The contact position of the movable iron core 4 with respect to the buffer member 13 is set such that the distance between the movable iron core 4 and the buffer member 13 when the brake is released is substantially equal to the gap distance between the brake shoe 5 and the rotating body 6. ing. More specifically, the distance between the movable iron core 4 and the buffer member 13 when the brake is released is set slightly smaller than the gap distance between the brake shoe 5 and the rotating body 6.

  The displacement restraining jig 11 is provided with a long hole through which the bolt 12 passes, and by loosening the bolt 12, the contact position of the movable iron core 4 to the buffer member 13 can be adjusted. That is, the displacement restraining jig 11 can adjust the contact position with the movable iron core 4.

  The displacement restraining jig 11 restrains the displacement of one end of the movable iron core 4 toward the rotating body 6. When the braking force is applied, the movable iron core 4 is rotated by the asymmetrical force of the braking force urging portion 7. The movable iron core 4 abuts against the displacement restraining jig 11 during the rotation, so that the movable iron core 4 is moved. The direction of the rotational movement of can be changed. That is, when the braking force is applied, the movable iron core 4 is restrained from being displaced by the displacement restraining jig 11 in the middle of the rotational motion, and performs a biaxial rotational motion.

  3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in the middle of the braking force application operation of the electromagnetic brake device of FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a state of the electromagnetic brake device of FIG. When the current is reduced from the brake release state (FIG. 1) in which the brake coil 3 is energized, the electromagnetic force of the electromagnetic magnet 1 is reduced, and the movable iron core 4 and the brake shoe 5 have a strong spring force. A rotational motion is performed in which the gap on the brake spring 8 side is opened (counterclockwise in the figure).

  Thereafter, when the movable iron core 4 comes into contact with the buffer member 13, the rotational movement of the movable iron core 4 is restrained, and the movable iron core 4 is temporarily stopped. At this time, since the rotational energy is absorbed by the buffer member 13, the operation sound (collision sound) is reduced to an extent that does not cause a problem. Thereafter, when the current is further reduced, the gap on the side of the second brake spring 9 having a weak spring force is opened, and the movable iron core 4 and the brake shoe 5 are in the opposite directions (clockwise in the drawing) from the initial operation start. Perform a rotational motion.

  Thereafter, the brake shoe 5 comes into contact with the rotating body 6 and a braking force is applied. The second half of the movement of the movable iron core 4 (the clockwise rotation in the figure) is a movement that moves only half of the entire gap, and the brake shoe 5 moves to the rotating body 6 before the speed of the rotary movement increases. Because of the contact, the operation sound (collision sound) at this time is also sufficiently reduced.

  In such an electromagnetic brake device, since the direction of the rotational motion is changed by the displacement restraining jig 11 during the rotational motion of the movable iron core 4, the movement of the movable iron core 4 is temporarily stopped during the braking operation, and then again. Since the movement starts, the brake shoe 5 comes into contact with the rotating body 6 at a low speed, and the operation noise is reduced. Further, by adjusting the brake shoe 5 so as to be substantially parallel to the braking surface, an inclination correction mechanism (angle correction mechanism) such as a spherical seat becomes unnecessary, and the configuration is simple.

In addition, since the displacement restraining jig 11 can adjust the contact position with the movable iron core 4, the tilt correction mechanism can be made more reliable.
Furthermore, since the buffer member 13 is provided at the contact portion 11a of the displacement restraining jig 11 with the movable iron core 4, the operation noise can be further reduced.

The buffer member 13 and the acceleration suppression member 10 are not necessarily used and can be omitted.
In the first embodiment, the buffer member 13 is fixed to the contact portion 11a. However, the buffer member 13 may be fixed to a portion of the movable iron core 4 that contacts the contact portion 11a.
Furthermore, although the displacement restraining jig 11 is attached to the fixed iron core 2 in the first embodiment, it may be attached to another fixed member such as a motor frame.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
5 is a sectional view showing a state when the braking force of the electromagnetic brake device according to the second embodiment of the present invention is released, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line VI-VI in FIG. The second embodiment uses a displacement restraining jig 14 instead of the displacement restraining jig 11 of the first embodiment, and the other configuration of the electromagnetic brake device is the same as that of the first embodiment.

  The brake shoe 5 is provided with a jig insertion hole 5 a orthogonal to the operation direction of the brake shoe 5. The jig insertion hole 5 a is provided on the first brake spring 8 side (the side on which the urging force of the braking force urging portion 7 is larger) than the center of the brake shoe 5.

  A rod-like displacement restraining jig 14 is inserted into the jig insertion hole 5a. The displacement restraining jig 14 is fixed to the frame of the motor. A predetermined margin (gap) is provided between the inner peripheral surface of the jig insertion hole 5 a and the outer peripheral surface of the displacement restraining jig 14.

  The displacement of the movable iron core 4 is defined by the diameter of the displacement restraining jig 14 and the diameter of the jig insertion hole 5a. The difference between the diameter of the displacement restraining jig 14 and the diameter of the jig insertion hole 5a is set to be substantially equal to the gap distance between the brake shoe 5 and the rotating body 6 when the brake is released. More specifically, the difference between the diameter of the displacement restraining jig 14 and the diameter of the jig insertion hole 5a is set slightly smaller than the gap distance between the brake shoe 5 and the rotating body 6 when the brake is released.

  The displacement restraining jig 14 restrains the displacement of one end portion of the brake shoe 5 toward the rotating body 6. The brake shoe 5 rotates due to the asymmetrical force of the braking force urging unit 7 when a braking force is applied. The brake shoe 5 abuts against the displacement restraining jig 14 in the middle of the rotating motion, whereby the brake shoe 5 The direction of the rotational movement of can be changed. That is, when applying a braking force, the brake shoe 5 is restrained from being displaced by the displacement restraining jig 14 in the middle of the rotational motion, and performs a biaxial rotational motion.

  Next, the operation will be described. When the current is reduced from the brake released state (FIG. 5) in which the brake coil 3 is energized, the electromagnetic force of the electromagnetic magnet 1 is reduced, and the movable iron core 4 and the brake shoe 5 have a strong spring force. A rotational motion is performed in which the gap on the brake spring 8 side is opened (counterclockwise in FIG. 5).

  Thereafter, when the rotational movement of the brake shoe 5 is restrained by the displacement restraining jig 14, the brake shoe 5 is temporarily stopped. Thereafter, when the current is further reduced, the gap on the side of the second brake spring 9 having a weak spring force is opened, and the movable iron core 4 and the brake shoe 5 are opposite to the initial operation start (clockwise in FIG. 5). Rotating movement.

  Thereafter, the brake shoe 5 comes into contact with the rotating body 6 and a braking force is applied. The second half of the rotary motion of the movable iron core 4 and the brake shoe 5 (the clockwise rotary motion in FIG. 5) is a motion that moves only half of the entire gap, and the brake shoe 5 before the speed of the rotary motion increases. Is in contact with the rotating body 6, the operation sound (collision sound) at this time is sufficiently reduced.

  Thus, even if the displacement restraining jig 14 inserted into the jig insertion hole 5a of the brake shoe 5 is used, the brake operation sound can be reduced with a simple configuration as in the first embodiment.

In Embodiment 2, the circular jig insertion hole 5a is shown, but the cross-sectional shape of the jig insertion hole 5a is not limited to this, and may be, for example, a rectangle or an oval.
Further, the cross-sectional shape of the displacement restraining jig 14 is not limited to a circle, and may be, for example, a rectangle.
Further, a buffer member may be provided on the outer peripheral surface of the displacement restraining jig 14 or the inner peripheral surface of the jig insertion hole 5a.
Furthermore, in the second embodiment, the jig insertion hole 5 a is provided in the brake shoe 5, but it may be provided in the movable iron core 4.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
Next, FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a state when the braking force of the electromagnetic brake device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention is released, FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII in FIG. 7, and FIG. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a state during the braking force application operation of the electromagnetic brake device, and FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a state of the electromagnetic brake device of FIG.

The third embodiment uses a displacement restraint jig 15 instead of the displacement restraint jig 11 of the first embodiment, and the other configuration of the electromagnetic brake device is the same as that of the first embodiment.

  The movable iron core 4 is provided with a jig insertion hole 4 a parallel to the operation direction of the movable iron core 4. The jig insertion hole 4 a is provided on the first brake spring 8 side (the side on which the urging force of the braking force urging portion 7 is larger) than the center of the movable iron core 4.

  The fixed iron core 2 is provided with a through hole 2c continuous to the jig insertion hole 4a. A bolt-shaped displacement restraining jig 15 is attached to the fixed iron core 2. The displacement restraining jig 15 includes a flange-like contact portion 15a with which the movable iron core 4 contacts when a braking force is applied, a screw rod portion 15b penetrating the through hole 2c and the jig insertion hole 4a, and a screw rod portion 15b. And a nut 15c screwed to the end opposite to the contact portion 15a.

  A predetermined margin is provided between the inner peripheral surface of the jig insertion hole 4a and the outer peripheral surface of the screw rod portion 15b to allow the rotary motion of the movable iron core 4.

  The contact position of the movable iron core 4 with the contact portion 15a is such that the distance between the movable iron core 4 and the contact portion 15a when the brake is released is substantially equal to the gap distance between the brake shoe 5 and the rotating body 6. Is set. More specifically, the distance between the movable iron core 4 and the contact portion 15a when the brake is released is set slightly smaller than the gap distance between the brake shoe 5 and the rotating body 6. Further, the position of contact of the movable iron core 4 with the contact portion 15a can be adjusted by turning the nut 15c.

  The displacement restraining jig 15 restrains the displacement of one end of the movable iron core 4 toward the rotating body 6. When the braking force is applied, the movable iron core 4 is rotated by the asymmetrical force of the braking force urging portion 7, and the movable iron core 4 abuts against the abutting portion 15 a in the middle of the rotational movement, so that the movable iron core 4 The direction of the rotational movement can be changed. That is, when the braking force is applied, the movable iron core 4 is restrained from being displaced by the displacement restraining jig 15 in the middle of the rotational motion, and performs a biaxial rotational motion.

  Next, the operation will be described. When the current is reduced from the brake release state in which the brake coil 3 is energized (FIG. 7), the electromagnetic force of the electromagnetic magnet 1 is reduced, and the movable iron core 4 and the brake shoe 5 have a strong spring force. A rotational motion is performed in which the gap on the brake spring 8 side opens (counterclockwise in FIG. 7).

  Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 9, when the rotational movement of the movable iron core 4 is restrained by the displacement restraining jig 15, the movable iron core 4 is once in a stationary state. Thereafter, when the current is further reduced, the gap on the side of the second brake spring 9 having a weak spring force is opened, and the movable iron core 4 and the brake shoe 5 are in the opposite directions from the initial operation start (clockwise in FIG. 9). Rotating movement.

  Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 10, the brake shoe 5 comes into contact with the rotating body 6 and a braking force is applied. The second half of the rotary motion of the movable iron core 4 and the brake shoe 5 (the clockwise rotary motion in FIG. 9) is a motion that moves only half of the entire gap, and before the speed of the rotary motion increases, the brake shoe 5 Is in contact with the rotating body 6, the operation sound (collision sound) at this time is sufficiently reduced.

  Thus, even if the bolt-shaped displacement restraining jig 15 penetrating the fixed iron core 2 and the movable iron core 4 is used, the brake operation sound can be reduced with a simple configuration as in the first embodiment.

  Further, in the displacement restraining jig 15 according to the third embodiment, the nut 15c is manually tightened to displace the contact portion 15a toward the fixed iron core 2 side, so that the movable iron core resists the braking force biasing portion 7. 4 can be forcibly displaced toward the fixed iron core 2 side. That is, the screw rod portion 15b and the nut 15c function as an emergency release mechanism, and the brake can be manually released when the electromagnetic magnet 1 cannot operate during a power failure or the like.

  In addition, you may provide a buffer member in the part contact | abutted to the contact part 15a or the contact part 15a of the movable iron core 4. FIG.

Embodiment 4 FIG.
Next, FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a state when the braking force of the electromagnetic brake device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention is released, FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XII-XII in FIG. 11, and FIG. It is a side view which shows the state in the middle of the braking force application operation | movement of an electromagnetic brake device.

  The braking force urging unit 7 according to the fourth embodiment includes first and second brake springs 8 and 9 and first and second auxiliary springs 16 and 17. In the fourth embodiment, the spring force of the first brake spring 8 and the spring force of the second brake spring 9 are the same. The spring force of the first and second auxiliary springs 16 and 17 is smaller than the spring force of the first and second brake springs 8 and 9.

  The first and second auxiliary springs 16 and 17 are accommodated in third and fourth recesses 2d and 2e provided in the fixed iron core 2, respectively. Further, the first and second auxiliary springs 16 and 17 are arranged at positions shifted in the axial direction of the rotating body 6 with respect to the first brake springs 8 and 9. For this reason, the braking force biasing part 7 biases the movable iron core 4 with an asymmetric force as a whole.

  The displacement restraining jig 11 is fixed to the end surface of the fixed iron core 2 in the axial direction of the rotating body 6 and close to the first and second auxiliary springs 16 and 17. Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment.

In such an electromagnetic brake device as well, the brake operation sound can be reduced with a simple configuration as in the first embodiment.
Further, since the displacement restraining jig 11 is attached to the end face of the fixed iron core 2 in the axial direction of the rotating body 6, the position of the displacement restraining jig 11 can be maintained even when a work space cannot be secured at the end of the electromagnetic magnet 1 in the width direction. Adjustment can be performed easily.

Even when the braking force biasing portion 7 as in the fourth embodiment is used, the displacement restraining jigs 14 and 15 as shown in the second and third embodiments can be applied.
Moreover, although the case where this invention was applied to the braking device of an elevator apparatus was shown in Embodiment 1-4, you may apply to braking devices, such as a motor vehicle and a train. Further, the braked body is not limited to the rotating body 6.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electromagnetic magnet, 2 Fixed iron core, 3 Brake coil, 4 Movable iron core, 5 Brake shoe, 6 Rotating body (braking body), 7 Brake-force urging part, 11, 14, 15 Displacement restraint jig, 11a, 15a Contact part, 13 cushioning member.

Claims (4)

An electromagnetic magnet having a fixed iron core and a brake coil;
A movable iron core that is attracted to the electromagnetic magnet by energizing the brake coil, and a brake shoe that is provided on the movable iron core and is separated from the braked body when the movable iron core is attracted to the electromagnetic magnet. body,
A braking force urging unit that moves the movable iron core with an asymmetrical force to contact the brake shoe with the braked body by cutting off the energization to the brake coil, and
The movable body is fixed to the fixed iron core, and comes into contact with the movable body before the movable body comes into contact with the braked body during the rotational movement of the movable body by the asymmetric force of the braking force urging portion. An electromagnetic brake device comprising: a displacement restraining jig that changes the direction of rotational movement of the movable body. The electromagnetic brake device according to claim 1, wherein the displacement restraining jig is capable of adjusting a moving distance of the movable body until the movable body comes into contact with the displacement restraining jig . The electromagnetic brake device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a buffer member is provided on a surface of the contact portion of the displacement restraining jig that is in contact with the movable body and facing the movable iron core. .   The displacement restraining jig displaces the movable iron core against the braking force urging portion by displacing the abutting portion with which the movable iron core abuts and the abutting portion to the fixed iron core side by manual operation. The electromagnetic brake device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising an emergency release mechanism that is displaced toward the fixed iron core.

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