JP5441296B2 - Imaging device and method for controlling diaphragm blades of imaging device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to feedback control, and more particularly to control of diaphragm blades of an imaging apparatus.

  2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, automatic exposure adjustment has come to be equipped as standard in imaging devices such as video cameras. In general, there are many diaphragm devices having a so-called meter-type simple drive unit, which is often used in meters such as a DC ammeter, as a diaphragm device used in an imaging unit of a home video camera. This meter-type drive unit adjusts the current flowing through the coil, thereby repelling between the magnetic field generated by the coil and the magnetic field of the permanent magnet, or an attractive force, and an elastic member such as a spring connected to the aperture blade The aperture value is adjusted to a desired value by adjusting the balance of the magnitude of the force and the biasing force.

  In the case of a control mechanism having such two inertia systems, a vibration resonance point may appear due to friction generated between the diaphragm blades and the ground plane, the balance state described above, or the like. This vibration resonance point may occur depending on the position of the diaphragm and the position of the blade.

  If a minute vibration occurs at this vibration resonance point, there will be no noticeable change in the amount of light, but if the microphone is built into the imaging device, the noise caused by the vibration will be picked up and recorded by the microphone. May end up.

To solve this problem, generally, the oscillation state is suppressed by reducing the gain of the entire servo system of the diaphragm device (see, for example, Patent Document 1), or by applying an appropriate filter, the resonance is damped and vibration is caused. There has been a method of removing or reducing components (see, for example, Patent Document 2). As another method, there is a method of calculating a vibration component by modeling a vibration system and removing the vibration component from an actual control signal (see, for example, Patent Document 3).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-133303 JP 2000-078861 A JP 2004-254322 A

  However, in the case of the control system described above, when the vibration resonance point is located in the vicinity of the control band of the diaphragm blade, there are the following problems when the conventional method as described above is used.

  First, if the gain of the entire servo system is reduced, there is a problem that the diaphragm blades cannot be moved smoothly in low-speed and small-amplitude driving, and the amount of light reaching the image sensor changes intermittently. It was. This low-speed and small-amplitude driving is particularly frequently used on the small aperture side.

  Moreover, if the resonance point is attenuated by applying an appropriate filter, not only will the light intensity change intermittently, but there will be less room for oscillation as a servo system, and it may easily fall into an oscillation phenomenon. .

  Furthermore, it is not practical to calculate the vibration component by modeling and remove the vibration component from the actual control signal, taking into account variations in the characteristics of the members of the device, etc. The amount of computation of the microcomputer inside increases.

To solve the above problem, an imaging apparatus according to the present invention includes a driving pivot portion, the aperture blade which is driven by the drive unit, a position detection means for detecting a position of the aperture blade, moving the diaphragm blades based on a difference between the position of the diaphragm blade which obtained a target position of the aperture leaf is a position where the target by the position detecting means when, outputs a drive control signal representing the driving amount of the diaphragm blade Drive amount calculation means, filter means for cutting off a frequency band set from the drive control signal obtained by the drive amount calculation means and outputting a drive signal, and a frequency band to be cut off by the filter means Band control means, and if the difference falls within a predetermined range, the band control means sets a wider frequency band to cut off compared to when the difference does not fall within the predetermined range. Parts are characterized by driven according to the drive signal outputted from said filter means.

To solve the above problems as well, the imaging apparatus according to the present invention includes a driving pivot portion, the aperture blade which is driven by the drive unit, a position detection means for detecting a position of the aperture leaf, the aperture leaf based on a difference between the diaphragm position of the blade obtained by the diaphragm blades of the target position and the position detection means is a position where the target when to move to the drive control signal representing the driving amount of the diaphragm blade A driving amount calculating means for outputting, a filter means for cutting off a frequency band set from the drive control signal obtained by the driving amount calculating means and outputting a driving signal, and a frequency band for cutting off the filtering means. Band control means for setting, and the band control means, if the amplitude of the high-frequency component included in the drive control signal is within a predetermined range, compared with the case where it does not. The frequency band to be blocked widely set, the drive unit may be driven according to the drive signal outputted from said filter means.

  According to the present invention, the driven body can be quickly moved to the target value, and the driven body can be prevented from oscillating in the vicinity of the target position.

  Hereinafter, an imaging apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing the configuration of an imaging apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. Although not shown, the imaging apparatus includes a microphone that picks up sound and a recording unit that records the sound picked up by the microphone.

  Reference numeral 101 denotes a first fixed lens group. Reference numeral 102 denotes a variable power lens group for performing a variable power operation, which is hereinafter referred to as a zoom lens. Reference numeral 103 denotes a diaphragm blade as a driven body, and reference numeral 104 denotes a second fixed lens group. Reference numeral 105 denotes a focus / compensation lens group having a focus adjustment function and a function of correcting the movement of the focal plane due to zooming, and is hereinafter referred to as a focus lens.

  Reference numeral 110 denotes a driving unit for the diaphragm blade 103. By adjusting a current flowing through the coil, a repulsion generated between the magnetic field generated by the coil and the magnetic field of the permanent magnet, or an attractive force, a spring connected to the diaphragm blade, and the like The aperture value is adjusted to a desired value by adjusting the balance of the magnitude of the force with the urging force of the elastic member. A driver 111 receives a drive signal from the camera microcomputer 114 and drives the drive unit 110. An encoder 112 detects the position of the aperture blade 103 and outputs it as a position signal. The position signal output from the encoder 112 is amplified to a predetermined magnification by the amplifier 113 and then taken into the camera microcomputer 114. The camera microcomputer 114 is a microcomputer that controls the entire imaging apparatus including the control of the diaphragm blades.

  While the incident light from the subject passes through the lens groups 101, 102, 104, and 105, the amount of light is adjusted by the diaphragm blade 103 and forms an image on the image sensor 106.

  The image sensor 106 is a photoelectric conversion element such as a CCD or CMOS sensor, and has a function of converting a subject image into a video signal composed of an electrical signal. The camera signal processing circuit 107 performs predetermined analog video signal processing and AGC (auto gain control) processing on the video signal output from the image sensor 106. In the AGC processing, the gain is controlled so that the integrated value of the video signal subjected to the analog video signal processing is at the same level as a predetermined gain control reference signal. The maximum value of this gain is limited by the maximum gain control reference signal in order to suppress noise at low illumination. The video luminance signal Y obtained from the video signal obtained by the camera signal processing circuit 107 is subjected to detection processing by the detector 115, is A / D converted, and is taken into the camera microcomputer 114. This video luminance signal Y represents the luminance data of the video signal.

  The camera signal processing circuit 107 also has a function of converting a video signal into a video signal suitable for the monitor device 108 or the recording device 109. The recording device 109 records the subject image on a recording medium such as a magnetic tape, an optical disk, or a semiconductor memory, and the monitor device 108 displays the subject image on an electronic viewfinder, a liquid crystal panel, or the like using a video signal.

  Next, the configuration of the camera microcomputer 114 will be described with reference to FIG.

  In FIG. 2, reference numeral 201 denotes an A / D converter, which converts the detection signal X output from the detector 115 into a digital signal. A first comparison unit 202 compares the digital signal output from 201 with the exposure reference signal set by the reference value setting unit 203 and outputs a signal representing the difference. The exposure reference signal represents the target value of the luminance of the video signal. By this processing, the difference between the luminance value actually obtained from the video signal and the target value is obtained.

  Reference numeral 204 denotes second comparison means, which compares the output signal of the first comparison means with the position signal of the diaphragm blade 103 amplified by the amplifier 113 and digitized by the A / D converter 209, and the comparison result. Is used to read out and output the target position of the diaphragm blade 103 from unshown table data.

  Then, the addition means obtains the difference between the signal read out from the table data by the second comparison means 204 and the position signal amplified by the amplifier 113 and digitized by the A / D converter 209. This position signal is a signal representing the position of the diaphragm blade 103 as described above. If a minute vibration is generated in the diaphragm blade 103, the signal reflects this minute vibration. From this addition result, a drive control signal indicating the drive amount of the diaphragm blades necessary to fill the difference between the luminance value actually obtained from the video signal and the target value is obtained.

  A servo filter 205 determines the characteristics of the feedback system, and is a so-called PID calculation means for calculating differentiation, integration, and proportional gain with respect to the drive control signal. Reference numeral 206 denotes a band variable LPF (low pass filter) to which the output signal of the servo filter 205 is input. The band variable LPF 206 is controlled by a band control processing unit 208 (to be described later) for a cutoff frequency, that is, a frequency band to be cut off.

  The output signal of the band-variable LPF 206 is converted into an analog signal inside the camera microcomputer 114, subjected to pulse width modulation (PWM) to generate a drive signal, and supplied to the drive unit 110 via the driver circuit 111. Then, the diaphragm blade 103 is driven.

Reference numeral 207 denotes an LPF that receives a drive control signal. A high-frequency component included in the drive control signal is obtained by obtaining a difference between the drive control signal that has passed through the LPF 207 and the drive control signal that is not allowed to pass. This high frequency component can be regarded as a minute vibration component of the diaphragm blade 103 included in the drive control signal, and this is input to the band control means 208. Reference numeral 209 denotes an A / D converter, which digitizes the position signal amplified by the amplifier 113 and inputs it to the second comparison means 204 and the addition means positioned between the second comparison means and the servo filter 205 .

  Here, it has been described that the cut-off frequency of the band variable LPF 206 is controlled by the band control processing unit 208. The processing performed by the band control processing unit 208 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

  When the minute vibration component is input to the band control processing unit 208, the current target position of the diaphragm blade 103 set by the second comparison unit 204 matches the previous target position of the diaphragm blade 103 in step S101. If they do not match, the process proceeds to step S106.

  In step S106, the bandwidth control processing unit 208 resets the time count t1, and proceeds to step S107.

  Returning to step S101, if the current target position of the diaphragm blade 103 set by the second comparing means 204 matches the previous target position of the diaphragm blade 103, the process proceeds to step S102. Note that it may be configured to determine whether the current target position and the previous target position are within a predetermined range, for example, whether they are within one step.

  In step S102, the bandwidth control processing unit 208 increments the time counter t1. That is, the value of the time counter t1 increases as the time during which the target position of the aperture blade 103 has not changed is longer.

  In step S103, the bandwidth control processing unit 208 determines whether a predetermined time has elapsed from the value of the time counter t1, and proceeds to step S104 if the predetermined time has elapsed, otherwise proceeds to step S107.

  In step S104, the band control processing unit 208 determines whether the amplitude of the input minute vibration component is within a predetermined range. If the amplitude of the minute vibration component is within the predetermined range, the process proceeds to step S105, and if not, the process proceeds to step S107.

  In step S105, the band control processing unit 208 sets the cutoff frequency of the band variable LPF 206 to the first frequency.

  In step S107, the band control processing unit 208 sets the cutoff frequency of the band variable LPF 206 to a second frequency higher than the first frequency.

  Here, the processing of steps S105 and S107 will be described with reference to FIG.

  In FIG. 4, 400 is the target position of the diaphragm blade 103, 401 is the actual position of the diaphragm blade 103, and the hatched portion indicated by 402 is a predetermined range to be compared with the amplitude of the minute vibration component in step S104.

  If it is determined that the target position of the diaphragm blade 103 has not changed in a certain period and the amplitude of the minute vibration component is suppressed, the frequency band to be cut off by the band variable LPF 206 is widened in step S105, In other words, the frequency band that can be passed is narrowed to suppress oscillation caused by the posture during photographing and the position of the aperture blade 103 as a highly stable drive system. Although the response of the drive system is lowered by widening the frequency band to be cut off, there is no problem because the diaphragm blade 103 is already located in the vicinity of the target position.

  On the other hand, if it is determined that these conditions are not satisfied, it is considered that there is a high possibility that the diaphragm blade 103 still has a distance to the target position, and the frequency band blocked by the band variable LPF 206 is narrowed in step S107. That is, the passable frequency band is made wider than in step S105, and the response of the drive system of the diaphragm blade 103 is enhanced. In this state, the stability of the drive system against oscillation is lower than when the first frequency is set as the cut-off frequency, but there is no problem because the diaphragm blade 103 can still be regarded as being away from the target position.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the diaphragm blade 103 can be quickly moved to the target value, and in order to suppress oscillation of the diaphragm blade 103 after reaching the target value, the target position of the diaphragm blade 103 is set. We focus on the fluctuation and the amplitude of the minute vibration component.

  Then, by suppressing the oscillation of the diaphragm blade 103, it is possible to suppress the recording of noise caused by the vibration by the microphone provided in the imaging device.

  Note that the predetermined time used for the determination in step S103 and the predetermined range used for the determination in step S104 may be set to appropriate values experimentally according to the purpose of use of the imaging apparatus and the actual specifications of each component. That's fine.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the diaphragm device has been described as an example, but the same effect can be obtained by applying a method similar to the present embodiment if the device includes a feedback system in which a vibration resonance point is generated. be able to.

It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the imaging device concerning embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the internal structure of the camera microcomputer of the imaging device of FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the process of the band control process means of the camera microcomputer of FIG. It is a figure which shows the predetermined range which is a comparison object of the position of an aperture blade, and the amplitude of a minute vibration component.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 101 1st fixed lens group 102 Zoom lens 103 Diaphragm blade 104 2nd fixed lens group 105 Focus lens 106 Image pick-up element 107 Camera signal processing circuit 108 Monitor apparatus 109 Recording apparatus 110 Drive part 111 Driver 112 Encoder 113 Amplifier 114 Camera microcomputer 115 Detector 201, 209 A / D converter 202 First comparison means 203 Reference set value 204 Second comparison means 205 Servo filter 206 Band variable LPF
207 LPF
208 Band control processing means

Claims (7)

A drive unit;
A diaphragm blade driven by the drive unit;
Position detecting means for detecting the position of the diaphragm blade;
Drive that represents the driving amount of the diaphragm blade according to the difference between the target position of the diaphragm blade, which is a target position when the diaphragm blade is moved, and the position of the diaphragm blade obtained by the position detection means Drive amount calculation means for outputting a control signal;
Filter means for cutting off a frequency band set from the drive control signal obtained by the drive amount calculation means and outputting a drive signal;
Band control means for setting a frequency band to be cut off by the filter means, and
The band control means, if the difference is within a predetermined range, set a wide frequency band to block compared to the case where the difference does not fit,
The image pickup apparatus, wherein the drive unit is driven in accordance with a drive signal output from the filter unit.   The band control means sets a wider frequency band to be cut off when the difference is within a predetermined range for a predetermined time than when the difference is not within the predetermined range. Item 2. The imaging device according to Item 1. A drive unit;
A diaphragm blade driven by the drive unit;
Position detecting means for detecting the position of the diaphragm blade;
Drive that represents the driving amount of the diaphragm blade according to the difference between the target position of the diaphragm blade, which is a target position when the diaphragm blade is moved, and the position of the diaphragm blade obtained by the position detection means Drive amount calculation means for outputting a control signal;
Filter means for cutting off a frequency band set from the drive control signal obtained by the drive amount calculation means and outputting a drive signal;
Band control means for setting a frequency band to be cut off by the filter means, and
The band control means, if the amplitude of the high frequency component included in the drive control signal is within a predetermined range, set a wider frequency band to cut compared to the case where it does not fit,
The image pickup apparatus, wherein the drive unit is driven in accordance with a drive signal output from the filter unit. Having imaging means for imaging a subject;
The drive amount calculation means outputs the drive control signal based on a signal related to the brightness of the subject based on a signal output from the imaging means and a position of the diaphragm blade obtained by the position detection means. The imaging apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein   5. The drive amount calculation unit outputs the drive control signal that fills a difference between a luminance value of the subject and a luminance target value based on a signal output from the imaging unit. Imaging device. A method for controlling diaphragm blades of an imaging apparatus,
A position detecting step for detecting the position of the aperture blade;
The driving amount of the diaphragm blade is expressed based on the difference between the target position of the diaphragm blade, which is a target position when the diaphragm blade is moved, and the position of the diaphragm blade obtained in the position detection step. A drive amount calculation step for outputting a drive control signal;
A filter step of cutting a frequency band set from the drive control signal obtained in the drive amount calculation step and outputting a drive signal to a drive unit for driving the diaphragm blades;
A band control step for setting a frequency band to be cut off in the filter step, and
In the band control step, if the difference is within a predetermined range, a frequency band to be cut off is set wider than when the difference is not within the predetermined range. A method for controlling diaphragm blades of an imaging apparatus,
A position detecting step for detecting the position of the diaphragm blade;
The driving amount of the diaphragm blade is expressed based on the difference between the target position of the diaphragm blade, which is a target position when the diaphragm blade is moved, and the position of the diaphragm blade obtained in the position detection step. A drive amount calculation step for outputting a drive control signal;
A filter step of cutting a frequency band set from the drive control signal obtained in the drive amount calculation step and outputting a drive signal to a drive unit for driving the diaphragm blades;
A band control step for setting a frequency band to be cut off in the filter step, and
In the band control step, if the amplitude of the high frequency component included in the drive control signal is within a predetermined range, the frequency band to be cut off is set wider than that when the amplitude is not within the predetermined range. Control method.

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