JP5437012B2 - Transport container or truck or van carrier, anti-vibration parts used therefor, and vibration-suppressing transport method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a transportation container or truck or van carrier that can be applied to the transportation of products and goods, a vibration isolating component used therefor, and a vibration suppressing transportation method. More specifically, for a shipping container or truck having the ability to significantly reduce the vibration and impact that the load receives during transportation, prevent and reduce damage to the product and goods, and maintain good quality of the product and goods or The present invention relates to a van carrier, a vibration-proof component used therefor, and a vibration-suppressing transport method.

  Products such as electrical appliances, precision equipment, precision parts, and commodities such as fruits and vegetables are subjected to many impacts and vibrations during long-distance transportation, handling, and storage during distribution. Therefore, reducing vibrations and shocks caused by transportation and cargo handling, preventing damage to products and products, and maintaining good product and product quality is one of the basic functions required for transportation and cargo handling. .

  In order to mitigate vibrations and impacts on the load during transportation, for example, measures are taken to cushion the load in truck transportation, for example, by softening a support spring of the vehicle such as an air suspension and attaching a damper.

  There are examples of attaching a buffer member to a pallet on which a load is placed, and examples of attaching a buffer member to a container itself (see, for example, Patent Document 1 or 2). In addition, there is an example in which a double box is provided and a buffer member is attached between the boxes and the buffer performance is improved to absorb external force such as impact and vibration (for example, see Patent Document 3). Moreover, in order to prevent the load from shaking and collapsing, the load is wrapped with a wrap film or tied with a band, which is performed during actual transportation. In addition, as a method of transporting valuables, there is a method of taking anti-vibration measures for the inner frame placed inside the container, placing a receiving bag in the frame, and transporting while protecting valuables in that frame ( For example, see Patent Document 4.) Further, there is a type in which a spring is disposed on the floor of the transport container and an air mat is provided on the inner surface of the container (see, for example, Patent Document 5).

JP 2006-298298 A JP-A 63-258776 JP-A 63-272689 JP 2002-234578 A JP-A-8-268462

  As in the technologies disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 5, various measures have been taken to protect products and goods from damage, but any buffering method reduces and attenuates vibration and impact from the road surface. Was intended for. In particular, in the technique of Patent Document 5, it takes work time and costs such as labor and equipment costs. In addition, the purpose of the movement and the movement of the load caused by the vibration is to reduce the collapse and deviation of the load, and there was no way of thinking corresponding to the behavior of the load.

  The object of the present invention is for a shipping container or truck having the ability to reduce the vibration and impact received during the transportation of the product, the product, prevent the damage, and maintain the quality of the product and the product well. Alternatively, it is to provide a van bed, a vibration-proof component used therefor, and a vibration-suppressing transport method.

The present inventor has found that sufficient cushioning performance can be obtained by supporting the upper stage of the stacked load, and has completed the present invention. That is, the transport container or truck or cargo vans according to the present invention, in stage stacked the transport container or truck or bed vans accommodating the load, have a vibration damping part for supporting the upper load, the anti The vibration part is a spring part, a damping part, or a dynamic absorption part that suppresses the load on the upper stage, and has a gripping part that supports the load on the upper stage at one end, and for the transport container or truck at the other end or It has an attaching part for fixing to a van carrier, and the grip part side has a vector for performing origin return in each of the three-dimensional directions .

Those-proof vibration components, the vibrational energy of the cargo by the attenuation of the modal characteristics and the support portion mechanism by the support can be significantly reduced.

The anti-vibration component according to the present invention is an anti-vibration component attached to a ceiling or side wall upper part of a transport container or truck or van loading platform that accommodates stacked loads, and has a gripping portion that supports the upper load at one end. Having a mounting part for fixing to the transport container or truck or van bed at the other end, and having a spring, attenuator or dynamic absorber between the gripping part and the mounting part. The gripper side has a vector for performing origin return in each of the three-dimensional directions .

The vibration-suppressing transport method according to the present invention includes loading a load on a transport container or a truck or van carrier, and using a spring part, a damping part, or a dynamic absorption part as a vibration-proof part so that the upper stage load becomes a support end. A vibration suppressing transportation method for suppressing vibration preventing parts having a grip portion for supporting the upper load at one end, and an attachment portion for fixing to the transport container or a truck or van loading platform at the other end. And a vector for performing origin return in each of the three-dimensional directions is provided on the gripper side .

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the vibration and impact which are received during the transportation of the easily damaged product and goods can be reduced, damage can be prevented and reduced, and the quality of the product and goods can be kept favorable.

Results of experimental analysis of a stacked cargo box with one end fixed and the other end free, (a) is horizontal primary, (b) is horizontal secondary, (c) is horizontal third. . The experimental analysis results of a stacked cargo box with one end fixed and the other end free are shown. (A) is the result of the primary and (b) is the result of the secondary. It is the schematic of the multi-degree-of-freedom vibration model of a spring-mass system when the uppermost load is supported, and (a) is a vertical mode and (b) is a horizontal mode. It is the schematic which shows the state which attached the vibration proof component which supports the uppermost load, (a) is the vibration proof component which has arrange | positioned two springs in V shape, (b) is three springs in xyz direction. The arranged anti-vibration parts are shown. It is a figure which shows the behavior of the load when the load of the uppermost stage is made into a support end, (a) is an example of the behavior of the vertical when using a spring component in which one spring is arranged vertically (primary mode) ), (B) is an example of the vertical behavior when using a spring component in which two springs are arranged in a V shape (secondary mode), and (c) is a spring component in which two springs are arranged in a V shape. (D) is an example of the horizontal behavior when using a spring component (secondary mode) when using a spring component in which two springs are arranged in a V-shape (secondary mode). ) Is an example of horizontal behavior when using a spring component with two springs arranged in a V-shape (primary mode), and (f) is when using a spring component with two springs arranged in a V-shape. This is an example of the horizontal behavior (third-order mode). It is a figure which shows the comparison of the behavior (vertical mode) of the load when the uppermost stage load is used as a support end and a free end, (a) is an example of a free end and a primary mode, and (b) is a support end. (C) is a free end, an example of a secondary mode, (d) is an example of a support end, a secondary mode. It is a figure which shows the comparison of the behavior (horizontal mode) of the load when the load of the uppermost stage is made into a support end, and a free end, (a) is an example of a free end and a primary mode, (b) is a support end. (C) is a free end, an example of a secondary mode, (d) is an example of a support end, a secondary mode. It is a figure which shows the example applied to the loading platform of a truck.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to embodiments. The embodiments described below are examples of the configuration of the present invention, and the present invention is not construed as being limited to these descriptions. As long as the effect of the present invention is exhibited, the embodiment may be variously modified. In addition, the same code | symbol was attached | subjected to the same member and the same site | part.

  A load vibration experiment was conducted to reproduce the behavior of the load during transportation. The conditions are as follows: load size 355 x 245 x 80 (m), load capacity 1.5 kg, load stage number 26, and do not cover the stacked loads with film or bundle them with strings. And he did not reduce the load.

  As a result, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the method of swinging the load has obtained knowledge expressed by a model of a continuum or multi-degree-of-freedom system in which one end is a fixed end and the other end has a free end . FIG. 1 shows experimental analysis results of a stacked cargo box with one end fixed and the other end free. (A) is horizontal primary, (b) is horizontal secondary, (c) is horizontal tertiary, Is the result of FIG. 2 shows the results of an experimental analysis of a stacked cargo box having one fixed end and the other free end, where (a) shows the results of the primary and (b) shows the results of the secondary. 1 and 2, the color (shading) of the cargo box indicates the magnitude of acceleration, and the darker the color, the greater the acceleration. The horizontal movement of the load typically indicates the movement of the primary mode, the secondary mode, and the tertiary mode, and the vertical movement of the load typically indicates the movement of the primary mode and the secondary mode. For this reason, the uppermost portion, which is the free end, always generates a large shake due to resonance. If the load box has a large acceleration, if it is in the horizontal mode, a horizontal jumping movement will occur and the boxes will be prone to lateral displacement, and if it is in the vertical direction, a vertical movement or falling movement will occur. The boxes may be pushed or pulled apart, resulting in the boxes being crushed.

  In the transport container or truck or van loading platform according to the present embodiment, the buffering performance is obtained by supporting the upper stage of the stacked load. In the present embodiment, the upper load, preferably the uppermost load among the stacked loads is supported. By supporting the uppermost load, the leading end of the stacked load becomes the support end and is most stabilized. Hereinafter, a case where the uppermost stage of the load is supported will be described as an example. Further, the stacked loads were not covered with a film or bundled with a string, and the stacked loads were left as they were. In addition, although the case where a transport container is used will be described, the present invention can be similarly applied to a case where a truck or van carrier is used.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a multi-degree-of-freedom vibration model of a spring-mass system when the uppermost load is supported. (A) is a vertical mode and (b) is a horizontal mode. The triangular symbol indicates the support direction. Since the stacked loads exhibit elastic body-like behavior due to vibration during transportation, in the vertical mode of FIG. 3 (a), the load 1 of mass m is illustrated as an n-layer stack (in FIG. 3, a five-layer stack is illustrated as an example). The vertical springs 51 having the spring coefficient k1 are arranged between the loads 1 and the vertical springs 51 are similarly arranged between the uppermost load 1b and the ceiling 42 of the transport container 100. Fit a model. On the other hand, in the horizontal mode of FIG. 3B, when the load 1 having the mass m is stacked in n stages (in FIG. 3, five stages are shown as an example), the spring coefficient k2 is set between the loads 1 respectively. This model can be approximated to a model in which the horizontal spring 52 is disposed, and the horizontal spring 52 is similarly disposed between the uppermost load 1 b and the ceiling 42 of the transport container 100. In some cases, k1 and k2 are equal.

  Comparing FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 with FIG. 3, in any form, it can be considered that the load 1a is substantially fixed to the floor 41 at the lower end, but it can be regarded as a fixed end, but in FIG. 1 or FIG. Is the free end, and in FIG. 3, the load 1 b at the upper end is a support end held by the springs 51 and 52. Buffering performance is obtained by using one side (upper end) as a support end.

  4A and 4B are schematic views showing a state in which an anti-vibration component that supports the uppermost load is attached, in which FIG. 4A is an anti-vibration component in which two springs are arranged in a V shape, and FIG. The anti-vibration components arranged in the xyz direction are shown. As shown in FIG. 4, the transport container according to the present embodiment includes vibration isolation parts 10 and 20 that support the uppermost load 1 b in the transport container 100 that accommodates the stacked load 1.

  Specifically, the shipping container 100 has an accommodation space 43, and the load 1 is placed on the floor 41 of the shipping container 100 directly or via a pallet (not shown). A fastener 44 for suspending or fixing the vibration isolating parts 10 and 20 is installed on the ceiling 42 of the transport container 100.

  As shown in FIG. 4 (a) or (b), the vibration isolation parts 10 and 20 are spring parts that are attached to the ceiling 42 of the transport container 100 that accommodates the stacked loads 1 and have the uppermost load at one end. 1, holding parts 11, 21 that support 1 b, attachment parts 13, 23 for fixing to the fastener 44 of the transport container 100 at the other end, and holding parts 11, 21 and attachment parts 13, 23. There are springs 14 and 24 between them. In FIG. 4A, the spring 14 is composed of two springs 14a and 14b and is arranged in a V shape. In FIG. 4B, the spring 24 includes three springs (24a, 24b, 24c) and is arranged in the xyz direction.

  Since the load 1 vibrates in the three-dimensional direction of xyz, it is preferable to suppress vibration in each direction. If at least one spring is used, a vector for returning to the origin in each of the xyz directions can be provided. If a plurality of springs are used, it is possible to make the magnitudes of vectors for returning to the origin in the xyz directions closer to each other, or if there is anisotropy in the xyz direction with respect to the magnitude of vibration, The vibration can be further suppressed by adjusting the size of the vector according to the size.

  Even if the two springs 14a and 14b are used, vectors can be provided in the xyz directions, and they are arranged in a V shape as shown in FIG. 4A. For example, the V-shaped front faces the width direction of the track. If the springs 14a and 14b are arranged in this way, the track traveling direction component of the composite spring coefficient of the spring 14 can be increased. Furthermore, even if three springs (24a, 24b, 24c) are used, a vector can be provided in each of the xyz directions, and if the spring 24 is arranged in the xyz direction, the spring coefficient can be set individually in each of the xyz directions. You can also. For example, the spring coefficient can be individually set by matching the traveling direction of the truck, the vehicle width direction, and the vertical direction with the xyz direction.

  The grips 11 and 21 may have any shape as long as the uppermost load 1b can be suppressed. For example, as shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b), the gripping portions 11 and 21 have a shape that covers the ceiling surface of the uppermost load 1b. Is preferred. By adopting such a shape, it is possible to reliably suppress vibrations in the traveling direction of the truck, the vehicle width direction, and the vertical direction.

  The attachment parts 13 and 23 for fixing to the fastener 44 are, for example, a fitting type, a hooking type, or a screwing type, and are not limited to that type.

  The fasteners 44 are fixed to the ceiling 42 and side walls (not shown) of the container 100. The fastener 44 may be suspended from the ceiling to place the spring in the desired direction. At this time, the fastener 44 is preferably made of a rigid body such as a suspension pillar in order to operate the vibration isolating parts 10 and 20. The shape of the fastener 44 is not particularly limited. However, as shown in FIG. 4B, in order to adjust the direction of the springs 24a, 24b, and 24c, the length to be suspended from the ceiling 42 is different for each spring. Also good. For example, the lengths of the fastener 44a for the spring 24a in the x direction and the fastener 44b for the spring 24b in the y direction may be made longer than the fastener 44c for the spring 24c in the z direction.

  4 (a) and 4 (b) show a form in which a spring part is used as a vibration-proof part, a damping part or a dynamic absorption part may be used instead of the spring part. As the attenuator used for the damping component, for example, a vibration attenuator in which a rubber body or a spring and a viscous body are combined can be used. Known dynamic absorbers (dynamic dampers) used for dynamic absorbing parts can be used. The weight of the weight is appropriately adjusted according to the load conditions (weight, number of stacks, etc.) and resonant. Select the one with smaller. Each of the damping component and the dynamic absorption component has a gripping part and an attachment part in the same manner as the spring part.

  The vibration-suppressing transportation method according to the present embodiment is a method performed using the transportation container and the vibration-proof component according to the present embodiment. Specifically, the cargo is stacked in the transportation container, and the upper-stage cargo is supported at the support end. Suppress with spring parts, damping parts or dynamic absorption parts. Preferably, the uppermost load is the support end. At this time, it is preferable to fix the lowermost load 1a by its own weight. When the friction coefficient between the floor 41 and the lowermost load 1a is large, the floor 41 can be substantially fixed by its own weight without being fixed by fixing means. At this time, the floor 41 should be flat. It is easy to use, such as when loading different sizes. By fixing the bottom load by its own weight, when the stacked load is regarded as one collective package, the collective package can be regarded as a single-side fixed end of a continuous chain or a multi-degree-of-freedom model, Resonance can be further reduced by gripping or suppressing the other end.

  As described above, by making the free end, which is the upper part of the load in the transport container, the support end, the movement of the stacked load can be controlled, and the vibration energy can be greatly reduced. The simulation result at this time is shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the behavior of the load when the load of the uppermost stage is made into a support end, (a) is an example of the behavior of the vertical when using a spring component in which one spring is arranged vertically (primary mode) ), (B) is an example of the vertical behavior when using a spring component in which two springs are arranged in a V shape (secondary mode), and (c) is a spring component in which two springs are arranged in a V shape. (D) is an example of the horizontal behavior when using a spring component (secondary mode) when using a spring component in which two springs are arranged in a V-shape (secondary mode). ) Is an example of horizontal behavior when using a spring component with two springs arranged in a V-shape (primary mode), and (f) is when using a spring component with two springs arranged in a V-shape. This is an example of the horizontal behavior (third-order mode). FIG. 5 (a) shows an example in which a vibration isolating component 30 in which one spring is arranged in the vertical direction and FIGS. 5 (b) to (f) use a vibration isolating component 10 in which two springs are arranged in a V shape. It was. In FIG. 5, the triangular symbol indicates the support direction, and the color (shading) of the cargo box indicates the magnitude of acceleration, and the darker the color, the greater the acceleration. As can be seen from FIG. 5, even when the uppermost load is the support end, the first and second modes are observed as the behavior in the vertical direction, and the first behavior is observed as the behavior in the horizontal direction. Second and third order modes are observed. However, the magnitude of the acceleration is greatly reduced compared to the case of the free end.

  In order to show this, FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 are shown. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a comparison of load behavior (vertical mode) when the uppermost load is a support end and a free end, where (a) is an example of a free end and a primary mode; ) Is an example of a support end and a primary mode, (c) is an example of a free end and a secondary mode, and (d) is an example of a support end and a secondary mode. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a comparison of load behavior (horizontal mode) when the uppermost load is a support end and a free end, where (a) is an example of a free end and a primary mode; ) Is an example of a support end and a primary mode, (c) is an example of a free end and a secondary mode, and (d) is an example of a support end and a secondary mode. 6 (b) (d) and FIGS. 7 (b) (d) show an example in which a vibration isolating component in which two springs are arranged in a V shape is used. When vibration-proof parts are used, the uppermost load is the support end, so the acceleration of each load is greatly reduced compared to the case where the load is a free end. In this way, the load has sufficient buffering performance and can be put into practical use by the vibration-proof component and the transport container according to the present embodiment. This is particularly effective in shipping and transporting products. There may be no special buffering means in the shipping container.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example applied to a truck bed. In fact, it is the same as in the case of a shipping container. When using anti-vibration parts, the uppermost load is the support end, so the acceleration of each load is greatly reduced compared to the case where it is a free end. doing.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Load 1b Uppermost load 1a Lowermost load 10, 20, 30 Anti-vibration components 11, 21 Grasping part 13, 23 Attachment part 14, 14a, 14b, 24, 24a, 24b, 24c Spring 41 Floor 42 Ceiling 44, 44a, 44b, 44c Fastener 51 Vertical spring 52 Horizontal spring 100 Transport container

Claims (3)

In stage stacked the transport container or truck or bed vans accommodating the load, have a vibration damping part for supporting the upper load,
The anti-vibration component is a spring component, a damping component, or a dynamic absorption component that suppresses the upper load, and has a grip portion that supports the upper load at one end, and the transport container or truck at the other end. A transport container or truck or van carrier, characterized in that it has a mounting part for fixing to a carrier or van carrier, and the gripping part side has a vector for returning to the origin in each of the three-dimensional directions . A transport container that accommodates stacked loads, or a vibration-proof component that is attached to the top of the ceiling or side wall of a truck or van loading platform, has a gripping part that supports the upper load at one end, and the transport container at the other end or it has a mounting portion for fixing or in the carrier vans trucks and have a spring or damper or dynamic absorber between the mounting portion and the grip portion, the grip portion side three-dimensional directions Anti-vibration parts characterized by having a vector for each origin return . It is a vibration-suppressing transport method in which a load is stacked on a transport container or a truck or van loading platform, and the upper load becomes a support end and is suppressed by a spring part, a damping part or a dynamic absorption part as a vibration-proof part , The anti-vibration component has a grip part for supporting the upper load at one end, an attachment part for fixing to the transport container or the truck or van bed, and 3 on the grip part side. A vibration-suppressing transport method characterized by having a vector for performing origin return in each dimension direction .