JP5429798B2 - Hydraulic excavator with hook - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a hydraulic excavator with a hook, which is a construction machine that can be used as a hydraulic excavator and a crane. More specifically, the present invention relates to a technique for detecting whether or not a hook for hanging work (crane work) such as luggage is accommodated in such a hydraulic excavator with a hook.

A hydraulic excavator with a hook will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is also used for explaining the first embodiment of the present invention.
In FIG. 1, an excavator 10 includes a lower vehicle body 11 with a crawler serving as a moving unit, and an upper vehicle body 12 that can be swung horizontally.
The upper body 12 is provided with a working front 20. The front 20 is provided with a boom 21 that can be tilted in the vertical direction. An arm 22 extending in the vertical direction is rotatably provided at the top end of the boom 21.
At the lower end of the arm 22, a bucket 23 is rotatably provided on the connecting pin 27. The arm 22 and the bucket 23 are connected to the connecting pin 32 by a first bucket link 30 and a second bucket link 29.
The second bucket link 29 houses a suspension hook 34 (shown by a dotted line in FIG. 1).

The boom 21 is tilted by a boom cylinder 24.
The arm 22 is rotated by the arm cylinder 25.
The bucket 23 is rotated by a bucket cylinder 26.
The vehicle 10 appropriately performs the movement of the lower vehicle body 11, the turning of the upper vehicle body 12, and the operations of the boom 21, the arm 22, and the bucket 23 according to the content of the work, and performs the necessary work. It is configured.

The hook 34 is used by being suspended from the bucket 23 during crane operation.
The hydraulic excavator with a hook as shown in FIG. 1 can be used as a hydraulic excavator and a crane. (See Patent Document 1).
When the hydraulic excavator with a hook is used as a crane, the crane connected to the hook 34 is lifted.
On the other hand, when the excavator with a hook is used as a hydraulic excavator and excavation work is performed, the hook 34 is accommodated in the second bucket link 29.

However, when performing excavation work, the hook 34 may be forgotten to be accommodated.
And if excavation work is performed in a state where the hook 34 is forgotten to be accommodated, the bucket 23 and the hook 34 (or the swivel 34B connecting the hook 34 and the bucket 23) are very likely to be damaged.
In order to prevent such breakage, it is very effective to directly detect that the hook 34 is accommodated in the second bucket link 29.
However, a hydraulic excavator with a hook that can directly detect that the hook 34 is accommodated in the second bucket link 29 has not been proposed at least at present.

In addition, in a rental contract for a construction machine, there is a case in which a hydraulic excavator with a hook as described above is rented at a relatively low rental fee under the condition that “crane work is not performed”.
In such a case, there is a case where a person who borrows a hydraulic excavator with a hook violates the contract and performs a crane operation using the hook.
In order to prevent such a breach of contract, it has been proposed in the prior art to provide, for example, a hidden switch that prohibits crane work (see Patent Document 1).
However, if the contract was made under the condition that “crane work is not performed”, if the work in violation of the contract (crane work using the hook) was performed, the crane work was performed using the hook. There is a request to detect this directly and deal with such breach of contract.
In order to cope with such a request, it is necessary to directly detect whether or not the hook 34 is accommodated.

JP 2003-138594 A

  The present invention has been proposed in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, by directly detecting whether or not the hook is stored and performing excavation work in a state where the hook is forgotten to be accommodated. The purpose is to provide a hydraulic excavator with a hook that can prevent damage.

  The hydraulic excavator with a hook of the present invention has a self-propelled vehicle body (11), and a front (20) provided with a bucket (23) for excavation work and a hook (34) for crane work at one end, The front (20) is pivotally attached to a boom (21) whose base end is attached to the revolving frame (13) of the vehicle body (11) so as to be able to be raised and lowered, and to the distal end side of the boom (21). An arm (22), a bucket (23) rotatably attached to the distal end side of the arm (22), and a bucket cylinder (26) for rotating the bucket (23), the bucket (23) and the bucket The rod (26B) of the cylinder (26) is connected by a bucket link (29), and the rod (26B) of the bucket cylinder (26) and the bucket link (29) are connected by a rod side connecting pin (31). The bucket link (29) is provided with link plates (29A, 29B) spaced apart from each other, and in the space (S) between the link plates (29A, 29B) spaced apart from each other, The hook (34) is configured to be accommodated by the hooks (34C) of the hooks (34) being engaged by the fixing pins (35) provided on the link plate (29A) and separated from each other. The space (S) between the link plates (29A, 29B) has a universal joint portion (34B) of the hook (34) when the hook portion (34C) of the hook (34) is engaged with the fixing pin (35). ) Is provided near the location where the proximity switch (Sw) is located. Based on the detection signal of the proximity switch (Sw), the proximity switch (Sw) detects the presence of the universal joint (34B) of the hook (34). If not bucket 23) A cable (39) provided with a control device having a function of prohibiting excavation work by 23) and transmitting a detection signal of the proximity switch (Sw) to the control device is a space between the link plates (29A, 29B) separated from each other In (S), it is wired along the link plates (29A, 29B) so as not to interfere with any of the hook part (34C), the universal joint part (34B), and the hook boss (34A). The control device has a function of prohibiting excavation work by the bucket (23) when the proximity switch (Sw) does not detect the presence of the universal joint (34B) of the hook (34). Yes.

  In order to prohibit excavation work by the bucket (23) when the proximity switch (Sw) does not detect the presence of the universal joint (34B) of the hook (34), an interlock (electrical structure, circuit: this If the proximity switch (Sw) does not detect the presence of the universal joint 34B of the hook 34, an electrical circuit or structure designed to make excavation work by the bucket (23) impossible is incorporated, It is preferable to provide a warning device (alarm lamp, alarm buzzer, etc.).

Further, in the present invention, for example, when a rental contract of a hydraulic excavator with a hook is concluded under the condition that “crane work is not performed”, the borrower violates the contract and executes the crane work using the hook. Assuming the case of trying, the control device has a function of suppressing crane work when the proximity switch (Sw) does not detect the presence of the universal joint (34B) of the hook (34). Is preferred.
Even in this case, when the proximity switch (Sw) does not detect the presence of the universal joint portion (34B) of the hook (34), an interlock ( If the proximity switch Sw does not detect the presence of the universal joint 34B of the hook 34, an electric circuit, structure, etc. designed to make the crane work impossible is incorporated and / or a warning device (alarm lamp) , Alarm buzzer, etc.) are preferably provided.
Examples of the warning device include a device that generates a sound such as “use prohibited”.

 The hydraulic excavator with a hook of the present invention has a self-propelled vehicle body (11) and a front (20) provided with a bucket (23) for excavation work and a hook (34) for crane work at one end. The front (20) is pivotally attached to the boom (21) whose base end is attached to the revolving frame (13) of the vehicle body (11) so as to be able to be raised and lowered, and to the distal end side of the boom (21). The arm (22), a bucket (23) rotatably attached to the tip end side of the arm (22), and a bucket cylinder (26) for rotating the bucket (23), the bucket (23) And the rod (26B) of the bucket cylinder (26) are connected by a bucket link (29), and the rod (26B) and the bucket link (29) of the bucket cylinder (26) are connected to the rod side connecting pin (3 ), And the bucket link (29) includes link plates (29A, 29B) spaced apart from each other, and the space (S) between the link plates (29A, 29B) separated from each other is The hook (34) can be accommodated by engaging the hook part (34C) of the hook (34) with the fixing pin (35) provided on one link plate (29A). And a second cable (40) connected to the fixing pin (35), and the first and second cables (41, 40) are control devices. The control device is configured such that when the electric circuit is closed, the hook (34) is accommodated in the space (S) and the electric circuit is opened. If the hook (34) is space (S) The second cable (40) has a function of judging that it is not accommodated, and the second cable (40) has a hook (34) hook in the space (S) between the link plates (29A, 29B) spaced apart from each other. Wiring is provided along the link plates (29A, 29B) so as not to interfere with any of the portion (34C), the universal joint portion (34B), and the hook boss (34A).

According to the present invention having the above-described configuration, when the proximity switch (Sw) detects the universal joint portion (34B) of the hook (34), the hook portion (34C) of the hook (34) is fixed to the fixing pin (35). ), That is, it is detected that the hook (34) is accommodated in the space (S) between the link plates (29A, 29B) spaced apart from each other.
If the proximity switch (Sw) does not detect the universal joint (34B) of the hook (34), the hook (34) is accommodated in the space (S) between the link plates (29A, 29B) separated from each other. Will not be.
As a result, whether or not the hook (34) is accommodated is reliably detected or determined.

  Then, since whether or not the hook (34) is accommodated is reliably detected, even if the hook (34) is forgotten to be accommodated during excavation work, the fact is detected by the proximity switch (Sw). In addition, since the excavation work is prohibited by the control device, the bucket (23) and the hook (34) (or the universal joint portion 34B connecting the hook 34 and the bucket 23) may be damaged by the excavation work. Prevented in advance.

In the present invention, for example, when a rental contract for a hydraulic excavator with a hook is concluded under the condition that “crane work is not performed”, the proximity switch (Sw) is connected to the universal joint (34B) of the hook (34). If the control device has a function of inhibiting crane work if the presence is not detected, the person who borrowed the hydraulic excavator with a hook of the present invention violates the contract that "does not perform crane work" Even if the crane work is to be executed, the proximity switch (Sw) detects that the hook (34) is not accommodated, and the control device suppresses the crane work.
Therefore, it is possible to prevent the crane work in violation of the contract.

1 is a side view showing a hydraulic excavator according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged side view of the bucket of FIG. 1. It is XX view of FIG. FIG. 4 is an enlarged detail view of FIG. 3. FIG. 5 is a side view of FIG. 4. It is the elements on larger scale which show the principal part of 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the conventional bucket link in which the hook was accommodated.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Here, the configuration of the shovel shown in FIG. 1 is also described in the background art.
The members described in the background art will be described with the same reference numerals.

In FIG. 1, a working front 20 is provided on a turning frame 13 provided on the upper vehicle body 12. A boom 21 is attached to the front 20 so as to be able to be raised and lowered.
The bucket 23 and the rod 26 </ b> B of the bucket cylinder 26 are connected by a second bucket link 29.
Further, the rod 26B and the second bucket link 29 are connected by a first connecting pin 31 on the rod side.

 The bucket 23 is configured to be rotated by a rod 26 </ b> B of a ket cylinder 26 attached at one end to the arm 22. One end of the bucket cylinder 26 is attached to the arm 22.

  2 and 3, the lower end of the rod 26 </ b> B (see FIG. 2) is connected to the second connection pin 32 provided at the lower portion via the first connection pin 31 and the second bucket link 29. Yes.

Brackets 23A and 23A are provided on the left and right sides (up and down direction in FIG. 3) of the bucket 23.
The bucket 23 is rotatably supported at the distal end portion of the arm 22 via a connecting pin 27 (see FIG. 2). Here, the connecting pin 27 is rotatably provided on the brackets 23A and 23A.
The first connecting pin 31 and the arm 22 are connected by a swingable second bucket link 30.

3 to 5, the second bucket link 29 includes link plates 29A and 29B spaced apart from each other, a connecting portion 29C (see FIG. 4) for connecting the link plates 29A and 29B, and an upper wall 29D (see FIG. 5). And the 2nd bucket link 29 comprises space S inside.
The fixing pin 35 protrudes inside the second bucket link 29 or in the space S between the link plates 29A and 29B. The fixing pin 35 protrudes from the link plate 29A.
A hook 34 </ b> C of the hook 34 can be engaged with the fixing pin 35. The hook 34 is accommodated in the space S by engaging the hook portion 34 </ b> C of the hook 34 with the fixing pin 35.
3 to 5 show a state in which the hook 34 is accommodated.

In FIG. 3, a swivel (universal joint) 34 </ b> B is connected to the flange 34 </ b> C of the hook 34. The swivel 34B is rotatably connected to the second connecting pin 32 via the boss portion 34A.
A non-contact proximity switch Sw is provided in the space S between the link plates 29A and 29B. The switch Sw is a detection device for detecting the state in which the hook 34 is accommodated.
4 and 5 showing the vicinity of the proximity switch Sw in detail, the proximity switch Sw is fixed to a support member 36 provided on the link plate 29A.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the proximity switch Sw fixed to the support member 36 is disposed so as to be close to the swivel 34 </ b> B of the hook 34 when the hook 34 is accommodated in the space S. .
When the hook 34 is accommodated, the proximity switch Sw is configured to detect the swivel 34B and maximize the output (detection signal output).
Alternatively, when the hook 34 is not accommodated and the proximity switch Sw does not detect the swivel 34B, the output (detection signal output) of the proximity switch Sw is maximized.

When the proximity switch Sw detects the swivel 34B, the control device (not shown) determines that the hook 34 is housed in the space S, and when the proximity switch Sw does not detect the swivel 34B, It is determined that 34 is not stored in the space S.
A control device (not shown) prohibits excavation work by the bucket 23 if the hook 34 is not accommodated in the space S.
As the non-contact type proximity switch Sw, a publicly known and commercially available switch can be applied.

Next, the wiring of the cable 39 that transmits the detection signal of the proximity switch Sw to a control device (not shown) will be described with reference to FIGS.
In FIG. 5, the right side of the drawing is the ground side.
The cable 39 is composed of first to fourth regions 39a, 39b, 39c, and 39d. The interior of the space S of the bucket link 29 is wired so as not to interfere with other members.

The first region 39a is wired obliquely in the vertical direction in FIG. 5 along the link plate 29A from the end of the proximity switch Sw. And it is wired so as to avoid the fixing pin 35 and reach the upper wall 29D.
The second region 39b is continuous with the first region 39a, is wired in the horizontal direction along the connecting portion 29C, and is wired so as to reach the link plate 29B.
The third region 39c is continuous to the second region 39b, is wired in the horizontal direction along the link plate 29B and the upper wall 29D, and is wired so as to reach the vicinity of the swivel 34B.
The fourth region 39d is continuous with the third region 39c, and escapes above the upper wall 29D (downward in FIG. 5) from the gap 20s between the upper wall 29D and the hook fixing boss 24A. Wired. The fourth region 39d is connected to a control device (not shown).

The cable 39 described above is wired at a position where it does not interfere with any of the fixing pin 25, the flange portion 34C, the swivel 34B, and the hook boss 34A, and is fixed with a clip 30 or the like.
Further, the wiring is selected so as to avoid the interference friction due to the vibration of the cable 39 itself due to the vibration of the vehicle during the work.

When the proximity switch Sw does not detect the presence of the swivel 34B of the hook 34, that is, when it is determined that the hook 34 is not accommodated in the space S, the control device (not shown) performs the excavation work by the bucket 23. It has a function to prohibit.
In order to give such a function to the control device, for example, when the interlock (electrical structure or circuit: proximity switch Sw does not detect the presence of the swivel 34B of the hook 34, excavation by the bucket 23 is performed. It incorporates an electrical circuit or structure designed to make the work impossible.

Further, when the proximity switch Sw does not detect the presence of the swivel 34B, a warning device (alarm lamp, alarm buzzer, etc.) can be sounded for a predetermined time.
When the proximity switch Sw does not detect the presence of the swivel 34B and it is determined that the hook 34 is not accommodated in the space S, the operator is warned that excavation work is not performed by the excavator 10. is there.

When performing excavation work of earth and sand by the hydraulic excavator 10 described above, the hooks 34 are accommodated in the space S in the second bucket link 29 as shown in FIGS.
If the hook 34 is accommodated in the space S, the proximity switch Sw detects the swivel 34B and transmits the detection signal to the control device.
The control device that has received the signal indicating that the proximity switch Sw has detected the swivel 34B determines that the hook 34 is accommodated in the space S and performs control so that excavation work is possible.

When carrying out the crane work, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, the operator removes the hook 34 from the fixing pin 35 and suspends it around the second connecting pin 32 together with the swivel 34B and the boss portion 34A.
And the collar part 34C is rotated to a required position, and a crane operation | work is started.
At that time, a signal indicating that the proximity switch Sw has not detected the swivel 34B is transmitted to the control device. The control device that has received a signal indicating that the proximity switch Sw has not detected the swivel 34B determines that the hook 34 is not accommodated in the space S, and performs control to prohibit excavation work. As a result, when performing crane work, excavation work by the bucket 23 is prohibited.

FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.
In the second embodiment, it is determined whether or not the hook 34 is accommodated in the space S by forming an electric circuit instead of the non-contact type proximity switch Sw in the first embodiment.
In FIG. 6, one end of the second cable 40 is connected to the fixing pin 35 protruding from the link plate 29A. The second cable 40 is wired in the same manner as the cable 39 of the first embodiment, and is connected to a control device (not shown).
One end of the first cable 41 is connected to the boss portion 34A. The other end of the first cable 41 is connected to a control device (not shown).
As a result, the fixing pin 35, the second cable 40, the control device (not shown), the first cable 41, and the boss portion 34A (the flange portion 34C) form an electric circuit (detection electric circuit).

In the control device (not shown), when the detection electric circuit including the first and second cables 40 and 41 is closed, the hook 34 is locked to the fixing pin 35 and accommodated in the space S. Judge.
On the other hand, when the detection electric circuit including the first and second cables 40 and 41 is open, it is determined that the hook 34 is not locked to the fixing pin 35 and is not accommodated in the space S.
Whether the detection electric circuit including the first and second cables 40 and 41 is closed or open is determined by whether or not a current flows through the electric circuit (closed) or not (open).
In other words, in the second embodiment, the electric circuit for detection described above has an open / close switch, and the fixing pin 35 and the flange 34C serve as a contact point of the open / close switch.
Then, whether or not the hook 34 is accommodated in the space S can be easily and accurately determined depending on whether the open / close switch configured by the fixing pin 35 and the flange 34C is closed or open.
In the second embodiment, configurations and operational effects other than those described above are the same as in the first embodiment.

According to the illustrated embodiment, the proximity switch detects the universal joint (swivel) 34B of the hook 34 (first embodiment), or when the detection electric circuit is closed (second embodiment). ), It is detected that the hook portion 34C of the hook 34 is engaged with the fixing pin 35, that is, that the hook 34 is accommodated in the space S between the link plates 29A and 29B spaced apart from each other.
If the proximity switch does not detect the universal joint 34B of the hook 34 (first embodiment), or if the detection electric circuit is open (second embodiment), the link plates 29A separated from each other. , 29B, the hook 34 is not accommodated in the space S.
As a result, according to the illustrated embodiment, it is directly detected whether or not the hook 34 is accommodated, and a reliable determination is made.

  Then, since it is reliably detected whether or not the hook 34 is accommodated, even if the hook 34 is forgotten to be accommodated when excavation work is performed, that fact is detected by the proximity switch Sw (or the detection electric circuit). ) And the control device prohibits the excavation work, and the excavation work is performed, and the bucket 23 and the hook 34 (or the swivel connecting the hook and the bucket) may be damaged. Prevented in advance.

  In the illustrated embodiment, when the proximity switch Sw does not detect the presence of the universal joint portion 34B of the hook 34 (first embodiment) or when the electric circuit is open (second embodiment), If the control device has a function to suppress crane work, the borrower violates the contract even though the rental contract of the hydraulic excavator with a hook was concluded under the condition that `` crane work is not performed ''. Even if the crane work is performed using the hook, the proximity switch detects that the hook 24 is not accommodated, and the control device suppresses the crane work. I can do it.

  The illustrated embodiment is merely an example, and is not intended to limit the technical scope of the present invention.

S ... Space Sw ... Proximity switch 11 ... Lower car body 12 ... Upper car body 13 ... Turning frame 20 ... Front 21 ... Boom 22 ... Arm 23 ··· Bucket 34 ··· Hook 34C ··· Hook 34B ··· Universal joint, swivel 39 · · · Cable 39a, 39b, 39c, 39d · · · Cable area

Claims (2)

  It has a self-propelled vehicle body (11), and a front (20) provided with a bucket (23) for excavation work and a hook (34) for crane work at one end. A boom (21) whose portion is attached to the revolving frame (13) of the vehicle body (11) so as to be able to be raised and lowered, an arm (22) attached to the tip side of the boom (21) so as to be rotatable, and an arm (22 ) And a bucket cylinder (26) for rotating the bucket (23), the rod (26B) of the bucket (23) and the bucket cylinder (26). Are connected by a bucket link (29), and the rod (26B) of the bucket cylinder (26) and the bucket link (29) are connected by a rod side connecting pin (31), and the bucket link (2 ) Is provided with link plates (29A, 29B) spaced apart from each other, and the space (S) between the link plates (29A, 29B) spaced apart from each other is provided on one link plate (29A). The hook (34) is configured to be accommodated by engaging the hook portion (34C) of the hook (34) with the fixing pin (35), and between the link plates (29A, 29B) spaced apart from each other. In the space (S), when the hook part (34C) of the hook (34) is engaged with the fixing pin (35), the proximity switch is located near the position where the universal joint part (34B) of the hook (34) is located. (Sw) is provided, and if the proximity switch (Sw) does not detect the presence of the universal joint (34B) of the hook (34) based on the detection signal of the proximity switch (Sw), the bucket (23) Can not be excavated by The cable (39) that includes a control device having a function and transmits the detection signal of the proximity switch (Sw) to the control device is hooked (34) in the space (S) between the link plates (29A, 29B) separated from each other. ) Are wired along the link plates (29A, 29B) so as not to interfere with any of the collar portion (34C), the universal joint portion (34B), and the hook boss (34A). A hydraulic excavator with a hook having a function of suppressing crane work when the switch (Sw) does not detect the presence of the universal joint (34B) of the hook (34).  It has a self-propelled vehicle body (11), and a front (20) provided with a bucket (23) for excavation work and a hook (34) for crane work at one end. A boom (21) whose portion is attached to the revolving frame (13) of the vehicle body (11) so as to be able to be raised and lowered, an arm (22) attached to the tip side of the boom (21) so as to be rotatable, and an arm (22 ) And a bucket cylinder (26) for rotating the bucket (23), the rod (26B) of the bucket (23) and the bucket cylinder (26). Are connected by a bucket link (29), and the rod (26B) of the bucket cylinder (26) and the bucket link (29) are connected by a rod side connecting pin (31), and the bucket link (2 ) Is provided with link plates (29A, 29B) spaced apart from each other, and the space (S) between the link plates (29A, 29B) spaced apart from each other is provided on one link plate (29A). The hook (34) can be accommodated by engaging the hook portion (34C) of the hook (34) with the fixing pin (35), and the first cable (41) connected to the hook (34). And a second cable (40) connected to the fixing pin (35), and the first and second cables (41, 40) constitute a part of an electric circuit interposing a control device. In the control apparatus, when the electric circuit is closed, the hook (34) is accommodated in the space (S), and when the electric circuit is open, the hook (34) is (S) has a function to determine that it is not accommodated. The second cable (40) includes a hook part (34C), a universal joint part (34B), a hook in the space (S) between the link plates (29A, 29B) spaced apart from each other. A hydraulic excavator with a hook, which is wired along link plates (29A, 29B) so as not to interfere with any of the bosses (34A).

Images