JP5428192B2 - Method for producing sintered ore and sintering machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for producing a sintered ore for producing a sintered ore for a blast furnace raw material by using a downward suction type dweroid (DL) sintering machine, and a sintering machine used for the production.

  Sinter ore, which is the main raw material of the blast furnace ironmaking method, is generally manufactured through a process as shown in FIG. The raw materials are iron ore powder, iron mill recovered powder, sintered ore sieve powder, CaO-containing auxiliary raw materials such as limestone and dolomite, granulation aids such as quick lime, coke powder and anthracite. These raw materials are cut out from each of the hoppers 1. The cut out raw material is added with an appropriate amount of water using a drum mixer 2 and the like, mixed and granulated to obtain a sintered raw material which is a pseudo particle having an average diameter of 3.0 to 6.0 mm. This sintering raw material is charged onto an endless moving type sintering machine pallet 8 from a surge hopper 4, 5 arranged on the sintering machine via a drum feeder 6 and a cutting chute 7, and sintered bed A so-called charging layer 9 is formed. The thickness (height) of the charging layer is about 400 to 800 mm. Then, the ignition furnace 10 installed above the charging layer 9 ignites the carbon material in the surface layer of the charging layer, and lowers the air through the wind box 11 disposed under the pallet 8. In this way, the carbonaceous material in the charging layer is sequentially combusted, and the sintering raw material is combusted and melted by the combustion heat generated at this time to produce a sintered cake. The obtained sintered cake is then crushed and sized and recovered as a product sintered ore consisting of agglomerates of 5.0 mm or more.

  In the manufacturing process, first, the ignition layer 10 is ignited by the ignition furnace 10. The ignited carbon material in the charging layer continues to be burned by the air sucked from the upper layer portion to the lower layer portion of the charging layer by the windbox, and the combustion zone gradually moves to the lower layer and forward as the pallet 8 moves. Proceed (downstream). As the combustion progresses, the moisture contained in the sintering raw material particles in the charging layer is vaporized by the heat generated by the combustion of the carbonaceous material, sucked downward, and the lower layer where the temperature has not yet risen. Concentrate in the sintering raw material to form a wet zone. If the moisture concentration exceeds a certain level, moisture fills the gaps between the raw material particles, which are the flow paths of the suction gas, and the ventilation resistance is increased. Note that the melted portion necessary for the sintering reaction that occurs in the combustion zone is also a factor that increases the ventilation resistance.

The production amount (t / hr) of the sintering machine is generally determined by the sintering production rate (t / hr · m ² ) × sintering machine area (m ² ). That is, the production volume of the sintering machine includes the machine width and length of the sintering machine, the thickness of the raw material deposition layer (charge layer thickness), the bulk density of the sintering raw material, the sintering (combustion) time, the yield, etc. It depends on. In order to increase the production of sintered ore, the air permeability (pressure loss) of the charging layer is improved to shorten the sintering time, or the cold strength of the sintered cake before crushing is increased. It is considered effective to improve the retention.

  FIG. 2 shows the inside of the charging layer when the combustion (flame) front moving through the charging layer having a thickness of 600 mm is at a position of about 400 mm (200 mm from the surface of the charging layer) on the pallet of the charging layer. This shows the pressure loss and temperature distribution. The pressure loss distribution at this time is about 60% in the wet zone and about 40% in the combustion / melt zone.

FIG. 3 shows the temperature distribution in the charging layer during high production and low production of sintered ore. The time during which the raw material particles begin to melt is maintained at a temperature of 1200 ° C. or higher (hereinafter referred to as “high temperature region holding time”) is t _{1 in} the case of low production, and in the case of high production with an emphasis on productivity. It is represented by t _2. For high productivity, to increase the movement speed of the pallet, the high temperature zone holding time t ₂ is shorter than the t ₁ when low production. When the high temperature region holding time is shortened, firing becomes insufficient, resulting in a decrease in the cold strength of the sintered ore and a decrease in yield. Therefore, in order to increase the production amount of high-strength sintered ore, the yield strength is maintained and improved by increasing the strength of the sintered cake, that is, the cold strength of the sintered ore, even in the short-time sintering. It is necessary to take some measures that can be done. In general, SI (shutter index) and TI (tumbler index) are used as indices representing the cold strength of sintered ore.

  FIG. 4A shows the progress of sintering in the charging layer on the sintering machine pallet, FIG. 4B shows the temperature distribution (heat pattern) in the sintering process in the charging layer, and FIG. ) Shows the yield distribution of the sintered cake. As can be seen from FIG. 4B, the temperature of the upper portion of the charging layer is less likely to rise than the lower layer portion, and the high temperature region holding time is also shortened. Therefore, in the upper part of the charging layer, the combustion and melting reaction (sintering reaction) becomes insufficient, and the strength of the sintered cake is lowered. Therefore, as shown in FIG. It is a factor that causes a decline in

  In view of these problems, a method for imparting high temperature retention to the upper portion of the charging layer has been conventionally proposed. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for injecting gaseous fuel onto a charging layer after ignition of the charging layer. However, although the kind of gaseous fuel (flammable gas) is unknown in the above technique, even if it is propane gas (LPG) or natural gas (LNG), a high concentration gas is used. Moreover, since the amount of the carbon material is not reduced when the combustible gas is blown, the inside of the sintered layer becomes a high temperature exceeding 1380 ° C. For this reason, this technique has not been able to enjoy sufficient cold strength improvement and yield improvement effects. Moreover, when inflammable gas is injected immediately after the ignition furnace, there is a high risk of fire in the upper space of the sintering bed due to combustion of the combustible gas, and this is a technology that is not realistic and has not yet been put into practical use. .

  Patent Document 2 also discloses a technique of adding a combustible gas to the air sucked into the charging layer after the charging layer is ignited. It is said that about 1 to 10 minutes of supply after ignition is preferable, but the surface layer portion immediately after ignition in the ignition furnace has red-hot sintered ore remaining, and depending on the supply method, combustible gas There is a high risk of fire due to combustion, and there are few specific descriptions, but there is no effect even if combustible gas is burned in a sintered sintered zone. Since the air permeability is deteriorated due to thermal expansion, the productivity tends to be reduced, so that it has not been put into practical use.

  In Patent Document 3, a hood is disposed on the charging layer in order to make the inside of the charging layer of the sintering raw material high temperature, and a mixed gas with air and coke oven gas is passed through the hood immediately after the ignition furnace. It is disclosed to blow in position. However, this technique also has a high temperature exceeding 1380 ° C. in the combustion melting zone in the sintered layer, so that the effect of coke oven gas blowing cannot be enjoyed, and the combustible mixed gas is ignited in the upper space of the sintering bed. There is a risk of fire and is not put into practical use.

  Further, Patent Document 4 discloses a method in which a low-melting-point solvent, a carbon material, and a combustible gas are simultaneously blown at a position immediately after the ignition furnace. However, this method also has a high risk of fire in the upper space of the sintering bed because the flammable gas is blown in a state where a flame remains on the surface, and the width of the sintering zone cannot be made sufficiently thick (approximately (Less than 15 mm), the effect of inflammable gas blowing cannot be fully exhibited. In addition, since there are many low-melting solvents, excessive melting phenomenon is caused in the upper layer portion, and the pores that become air flow paths are blocked, resulting in deterioration of air permeability and reduction of productivity. This technology has not been put into practical use until now.

As described above, none of the conventional techniques proposed so far has been put into practical use, and the development of a combustible gas blowing technique that can be implemented has been eagerly desired.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 48-18102 Japanese Patent Publication No.46-27126 JP-A-55-18585 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-311257

  By the way, the quality of the sintered ore is determined by the maximum temperature reached during combustion, the high temperature region holding time, and the like. Therefore, it is important to control the maximum temperature reached and the high temperature region holding time. In this regard, the method described in Patent Document 1 is a technique for increasing the temperature of the upper part of the charging layer in the first half of the sintering means by burning gaseous fuel on the surface of the charging layer. However, in this method, the concentration of gaseous fuel is high, so the amount of air (oxygen) that supports combustion is insufficient, and there is a risk of reducing the combustion of the carbonaceous material (coke) of the sintering raw material. There is a problem that improvement cannot be achieved.

  Further, even in Patent Document 2, there is a lack of concreteness, depending on the supply method, there is a high risk of fire, and there is no effect even if combustible gas is burned at the sintered zone position after sintering. It has not been put to practical use.

  Furthermore, in the method described in Patent Document 3, a hood is disposed on the charging layer in order to increase the temperature inside the charging layer of the sintering raw material, and air and coke oven gas are mixed through the hood. This is a technique for blowing gas at a position immediately after the ignition furnace. However, if the mixed gas is blown with the coke ratio as it is, the high temperature retention time is extended and the maximum temperature is increased, so that a lot of vitreous low-strength minerals are generated and the mixed gas blowing effect cannot be enjoyed. . In addition, there is a risk that a combustible mixed gas may ignite and cause a fire, and it has not been put into practical use.

  In addition, the method described in Patent Document 4 increases the amount of air (oxygen) and mixes a low-melting-point melt or carbonaceous material, so that the burning rate of combustible gas and coke increases, but the low-melting-point Since the melt and powder are blown together, there is a problem that the air permeability of the combustion air is lowered.

An object of the present invention, in the lower suction type sintering machine, without deteriorating the overall breathability sintering bed, sinter the sintered ore of high strength can be high yield and safely prepared A manufacturing method is proposed, and a sintering machine used for the method is provided .

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises a charging step of charging a sintered raw material containing fine ore and carbonaceous material onto a circulating pallet to form a charging layer, and a surface of the charging layer. an ignition step of igniting with a spark furnace carbonaceous material, and discharging the gaseous fuel from a plurality of gaseous fuel supply pipes in the sintering bed above the faster than laminar burning velocity in the air, the lower flammable limit concentration 25-2 The diluted gaseous fuel and air are introduced into the charging layer by a diluted gaseous fuel generating step for obtaining gaseous fuel diluted to % and a suction force of a wind box disposed under the pallet, and the diluted gaseous fuel is loaded. In the manufacturing method of the sintered ore which has the combustion process which produces | generates a sintered cake by burning the carbon | charcoal material in a charge bed while burning at the temperature of 400-800 degreeC in a charge bed , the said charge In the upper part of the layer, more than the middle and lower part of the charging layer We propose a method of manufacturing sintered ore, characterized in that the inclusion of wood.

  Further, the range of the upper part of the charging layer that contains a large amount of the carbonaceous material in the production method of the present invention is from the region where the combustion front advances from the surface of the charging layer to the region where the gaseous fuel starts to be supplied to the combustion front. It is characterized by being in the range of 100 mm or more and less than 200 mm under the charging layer surface layer.

In the production method of the present invention, by including more carbonaceous material in the upper layer portion of the charging layer than in the middle and lower layer portions of the charging layer, the maximum reached temperature in the upper layer portion of the charging layer exceeds 1200 ° C and is less than 1380 ° C. And / or by extending the holding time of the high temperature range, or by burning the diluted gas fuel, the maximum reached temperature of the middle and lower layers of the charging layer exceeds 1200 ° C. and below 1380 ° C. It is characterized by controlling and / or extending the high temperature region holding time.

The present invention also includes a pallet that circulates, a raw material supply device that forms a charged layer by charging a sintered raw material containing fine ore and carbonaceous material on the pallet, and a carbonaceous material in the sintered raw material. an ignition furnace for igniting the the downstream side of the ignition furnace, a plurality of gaseous fuel supply pipes gaseous fuel discharged by the sintering bed above the faster than laminar burning velocity in the air, the lower flammable limit concentration Sintering machine having a diluted gas fuel generating device for obtaining gaseous fuel diluted to 25 to 2%, and a wind box arranged under the pallet for sucking the diluted gaseous fuel and air and introducing them into the charging layer And the said raw material supply apparatus is a sintering machine characterized by having the function to include more carbon | charcoal material content of a charge layer upper layer part than a charge layer middle and lower layer part.

The range in which the raw material supply device in the sintering machine of the present invention includes a larger amount of carbonaceous material in the upper part of the charge layer than in the middle and lower parts of the charge layer is from a region where the combustion front proceeds from the surface of the charge layer to the inside. It is characterized in that the gas fuel is supplied to the combustion front until the region where gas fuel starts to be supplied, or in the range of 100 mm or more and less than 200 mm below the surface of the charging layer.

  The sintering machine of the present invention is characterized in that an unburned gas detection means for the gaseous fuel is provided in an exhaust passage connected to the window box.

In the present invention, it is preferable to adjust the maximum temperature reached in the charging layer in the following manner.
(A) The supply amount or concentration of gaseous fuel diluted below the lower combustion limit concentration into the charging layer is adjusted.
(B) Adjusting the amount of carbonaceous material in the sintered raw material.
(C) While adjusting the supply amount or density | concentration in the charging layer of the gaseous fuel diluted below the combustion minimum density | concentration, the amount of carbon materials in a sintering raw material is adjusted.
(E) It is desirable to adjust the maximum temperature to 1205-1350 ° C. by the above (a) to (c).

Moreover, in this invention, it is preferable to adjust the high temperature range retention time in the said charging layer in the following aspects.
(A) The supply amount or concentration of gaseous fuel diluted below the lower combustion limit concentration into the charging layer is adjusted.
(B) Adjusting the amount of carbonaceous material in the sintered raw material.
(C) While adjusting the supply amount or density | concentration in the charging layer of the gaseous fuel diluted below the combustion minimum density | concentration, the amount of carbon materials in a sintering raw material is adjusted.

Moreover, it is preferable that the sintering process in the present invention adjusts the form of the combustion / melting zone in the following manner.
(A) Gaseous fuel diluted below the lower combustion limit concentration is introduced into the charging layer to extend the high temperature holding time of the combustion / melting zone.
(B) The gaseous fuel diluted below the lower combustion limit concentration is introduced into the charging layer so as to reach the combustion / melting zone in the charging layer with at least part of the fuel remaining unburned.
(C) It is more preferable to adjust the thickness in the height direction of the combustion / melting zone and / or the width in the pallet traveling direction by the above (a) and / or (b).

Moreover, in this invention, it is preferable to implement with the following aspects regarding the supply position of the said diluted gas fuel.
(A) In introducing gaseous fuel diluted below the lower combustion limit concentration into the charging layer and combusting in the charging layer, the introduction position of the gaseous fuel into the charging layer is adjusted.
(B) The diluted gas fuel is introduced into the charging layer at a position after the ignition furnace.
(C) The diluted gas fuel is introduced into the charging layer in the region where the thickness of the combustion / melting zone is 15 mm or more.
(D) The diluted gas fuel is introduced into the charging layer after the position where the combustion front reaches 100 mm below the surface layer, more preferably after the position where it reaches 200 mm.
(E) The diluted gas fuel is introduced into the charging layer in the vicinity of both side walls of the charging layer.
(F) According to the above (a) to (e), the gaseous fuel diluted below the lower combustion limit concentration is combusted in the charging layer, and the cold strength of the sintered ore is adjusted.

It is preferable that the diluted gas fuel is any of the following: (a) A combustible gas diluted to a concentration of 75% or less and 2% or more of the lower limit concentration of combustion.
(B) A combustible gas diluted to a concentration of 60% or less and 2% or more of the lower combustion limit concentration.
(C) A combustible gas diluted to a concentration of 25% or less and 2% or more of the lower combustion limit concentration.

  Further, the combustible gas is preferably blast furnace gas, coke oven gas, blast furnace / coke oven mixed gas, city gas, natural gas, methane, ethane, propane, butane gas, or a mixed gas thereof. .

  Moreover, the gaseous fuel supply device in the sintering machine of the present invention is disposed at one or more locations in any position from the stage where the combustion front advances below the surface layer until the sintering is completed in the pallet traveling direction. It is preferable.

  Further, the unburned gas detection means disposed in the sintering machine of the present invention is preferably a gas detector that detects and determines one or more component compositions of gas components constituting the gaseous fuel. When the gas detector detects a gaseous fuel of a predetermined amount or more in the exhaust of the sintering machine, it is preferable to stop the supply of the gaseous fuel and / or perform a sintering operation to stop the sintering machine. .

  According to the present invention, in the upper part of the charging layer, the amount of the carbon material is greater than that in the middle and lower layer of the charging layer, and the heat generated by the combustion of the carbon material is increased, so that the highest reached temperature, high temperature Sintering can be applied to adjust either or both of the zone retention times. On the other hand, in the middle and lower layer of the charging layer where the carbon content is lower than the upper layer of the charging layer, gaseous fuel diluted below the lower combustion limit concentration is sucked into the charging layer as the sintering reaction proceeds.・ Introducing and burning the gaseous fuel in the charge layer adjusts either or both of the maximum temperature reached in the charge layer and the high temperature holding time, together with the heat generated by the combustion of the carbonaceous material. Sintering can be applied.

  Further, according to the present invention, in the operation of the downward suction type sintering machine, the diluted gas fuel is introduced into the charging layer from above the charging layer and burned at a target position in the charging layer. In this case, by adjusting the supply position of the diluted gas fuel, the maximum temperature reached during combustion, and the high temperature range holding time, the cold strength of the sintered ore is likely to be lowered due to insufficient combustion. It is possible to perform an operation that increases the strength of the sintered ore not only in the upper part of the layer but also in any part below the middle part of the charging layer.

  In addition, according to the present invention, the reaction in the combustion / melting zone, for example, the vertical thickness of the zone or the width in the pallet traveling direction can be adjusted arbitrarily without deteriorating the air permeability of the entire charging layer. Since the strength of the sintered cake at the position can be adjusted, a product having a high cold strength can be produced as a whole sintered ore with good yield and high productivity.

  Moreover, the problem of supplying gaseous fuel immediately after igniting the charging layer as introduced in the prior art is solved by using diluted gaseous fuel. However, even if diluted gas fuel is used, it is difficult to apply it to the surface layer portion of the charging layer, and the introduction effect of the diluted gas fuel is sufficient only after the sintering reaction proceeds under the surface layer of the charging layer. There is a problem that cannot be obtained. However, according to the present invention, the charging layer upper layer part contains more carbonaceous material than the middle / lower layer part, and the heat generation due to the combustion of the carbonaceous material in the charging layer upper layer part is increased, so that Sintering that adjusts one or both of the maximum temperature and the high temperature holding time can be performed, so that the quality of the sintered ore can be reliably improved in all regions from the upper layer to the lower layer. Become. And if the sintering machine of this invention is used, such operation can be performed stably and safely.

  The method for producing a sintered ore according to the present invention comprises a charging step of charging a sintered raw material containing fine ore and carbonaceous material onto a circulating pallet to form a charging layer, and the surface of the charging layer. An ignition process for igniting the carbonaceous material using an ignition furnace, a diluted gas fuel generating process for diluting by supplying gaseous fuel into the air above the charging layer to obtain diluted gaseous fuel below the lower combustion limit concentration, and under the pallet The diluted gas fuel and air are introduced into the charging layer by the suction force of the wind box arranged in the combustion chamber, and the diluted gas fuel is burned in the charging layer and the carbonaceous material in the charging layer is burned. In the method for producing a sintered ore having a combustion step for producing a sintered cake, the upper layer portion of the charging layer contains more carbonaceous material than the middle and lower layer portions, and is sintered. In the middle and lower layers where the amount of carbon material is lower than that of the upper layer, the sintering reaction of the carbon material proceeds. In areas, by introducing a gaseous fuel diluted to below the combustion limit concentration from the top of the sintering bed in the sintering bed within, it is characterized in subjecting a sintered to burn in charged layer.

  In addition, the sintering machine according to the present invention is charged with a pallet that circulates and a sintering raw material containing fine ore and carbonaceous material on the pallet in order to realize the method for producing the sintered ore. A raw material supply device for forming an inlet layer, an ignition furnace for igniting the carbonaceous material in the sintered raw material, and a gaseous fuel is supplied to the air above the charging layer and diluted downstream of the ignition furnace. And a diluted gas fuel generating device for obtaining a diluted gas fuel having a lower combustion limit concentration or less, and a wind box disposed under the pallet for sucking the diluted gas fuel and air and introducing them into the charging layer, The raw material supply device has a function of including a larger amount of carbon material in the upper part of the charge layer than in the middle and lower parts of the charge layer, and is charged by the combustion heat obtained by burning the increased carbon material. It is characterized by achieving sufficient sintering of the upper layer part of the layer.

  The diluted gaseous fuel which is another feature of the present invention uses a gaseous fuel diluted before being sucked and introduced into the charging layer. However, even if the diluted gas fuel is supplied and burned in the surface layer portion of the charging layer, it is cooled by the air sucked through the wind box, so that the effect cannot be sufficiently obtained. Therefore, when supplying diluted gaseous fuel, it is preferable to carry out after the sintering reaction has progressed below the upper layer of the charging layer, and further, the middle and lower layer regions of the charging layer where the gaseous fuel combustion means can be used. Thus, even if the amount of carbon material contained in the sintered raw material is reduced as compared with the conventional method, a suitable operation is possible.

  That is, according to the present invention, in the upper layer portion of the charging layer where the effect of the gaseous fuel supply cannot be sufficiently obtained, the amount of the carbon material contained is made larger than that in the middle and lower layer portions, thereby sufficiently generating the heat generated by the combustion of the carbon material. To ensure that either or both of the highest temperature in the charge layer and the high temperature range holding time are adjusted to the appropriate range required for sintering, while the gas fuel combustion means is used. In the middle and lower layers of the charging layer, it is possible to perform sintering operations with less carbonaceous material, so that the quality of the sintered ore in the upper, middle and lower layers of the charging layer can be reliably increased. It becomes possible. In addition, the carbon material in the middle and lower layers of the charge layer, which can be reduced by supplying diluted gas fuel, is routed to the upper layer of the charge layer, so that the sintering operation can be performed without increasing the carbon material cost. There are also industrial benefits that can be implemented. Therefore, even with the same amount of carbon material, it is possible to improve yield and quality of sintered ore.

  As described above, the cooling rate in the upper layer portion of the charging layer is larger than that in other middle layer portions and lower layer portions, and the sintering reaction becomes insufficient. Further, since the ignition furnace and the gaseous fuel supply device are separated from each other, and the gaseous fuel cannot be supplied during this period, the product yield of the upper layer portion tends to be relatively lowered. Therefore, in the present invention, as a method of optimizing the heat balance of the entire sintered bed and improving the product yield of the upper layer of the charging layer, the amount of carbon material in the upper layer of the charging layer is increased from that of the middle and lower layers. Decided to do. In other words, the present invention is a technique for reducing the amount of carbon material after the middle layer of the charged layer where gaseous fuel can be supplied, and increasing the amount of carbon material of the charged layer layer accordingly. I can say that. In addition, if supply of gaseous fuel is after a charging layer, a sufficient effect will be acquired, for example, even if it carries out only in a middle layer part, the amount of carbon materials of a lower layer part can be reduced under the influence.

  Next, in the present invention, any carbon material (also referred to as a coagulation material) to be contained in the sintered raw material can be used as long as it is referred to as a so-called solid fuel described below. That is, the fuel for sintering referred to as the carbonaceous material used for the production of sintered ore essentially includes coke and / or anthracite, and these are preferably the main components. The amount of these fuels to be used varies depending on the properties of the raw materials, but is preferably in the range of 2 to 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the sintered raw material for iron making including fine iron ore. If it is less than 2 parts by weight, it may be difficult to ignite the charging layer. On the other hand, when the amount exceeds 10 parts by weight, in addition to the increase in raw material cost, in addition, in the sintering reaction, the air permeability deteriorates due to an increase in the melt in the charging layer. . More preferably, it is the range of 3-8 weight part, More preferably, it is the range of 3-7 weight part. Furthermore, in the present invention, in addition to the above-mentioned coke and anthracite, in addition to the above-mentioned coke and anthracite, dust having a combustible carbon content of 5% by mass or more generated from outside the steelworks, fine powder of coal or charcoal, etc. is an equivalent product. Can be used as In addition, since the said dust has various carbon content, what is necessary is just to convert into the amount of combustible carbon and to determine content.

  Further, in the present invention, when forming the charging layer containing the carbon material on the pallet, to increase the carbon content of the upper layer portion of the charging layer than the middle and lower layer portion, In addition to increasing the amount of charcoal in the upper layer of the charging layer from the middle and lower layer with each of the middle and lower layers as the specified content, a gradient blend that gradually reduces the amount of charcoal from the upper layer to the lower layer Doing is also included. The reason is that sintering proceeds from the surface layer toward the lower layer, and the combustion heat generated at the upper part is also propagated to the lower part. This is because the cooling of the part (middle layer part, lower layer part) is relaxed.

Next, in the present invention, a method for charging a sintered raw material in which the amount of carbon material in the upper layer portion of the charging layer is contained more than in the lower layer portion will be described.
First, there is a method of increasing the amount of upper carbonaceous material by selecting an appropriate charging device. For example, as described in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 1-66599, there is a method in which coke is inclined and blended using a bear-shaped granulated / dispersed charging device having a large number of bars. In this method, when the raw material is charged into the moving pallet, the raw material having a small particle size is sequentially deposited on the moving pallet as it goes from the lower layer to the upper layer. At this time, since the powdery coke is adhered and granulated on the surface of the sintered raw material particles, a larger amount of the powdery coke adheres as the particle size of the sintered raw material particles decreases and the surface area per volume increases. Therefore, as a result, the upper layer portion having a smaller particle size increases the coke content in a gradient composition.

  In addition, as disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 3201726, a magnetic material adsorber is arranged at the bottom or back of the sloping chute, and segregation is promoted by the sloping chute, and further, the sintering raw material is adsorbed. Even by a method using a charging device or the like in which fine powder and return ore portions are segregated on the surface layer portion of the charging layer, the raw materials can be sequentially deposited on the moving pallet in descending order of particle size.

  By the way, although the range of the embrittlement layer (region where the product yield is low) generated by sintering exists in the upper layer of the sintering bed, it varies depending on the sintering conditions, so it cannot be specified unconditionally. If the operating conditions are almost constant, the distribution of the embrittlement layer shows a tendency as shown in FIG. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the blending amount of the carbon material in the upper layer portion at the place where the embrittlement layer as shown in FIG. Further, if the amount of the carbon material in the upper layer is set higher than the average amount of the entire sintered bed, the effect of preventing the formation of the brittle layer is small. On the other hand, if the amount is too large, the formation of the embrittled layer can be prevented, but the temperature of the upper layer portion will rise too much, and the amount of melt produced will be excessive, thereby deteriorating the air permeability and reducing the productivity. Therefore, in order to prevent the formation of the embrittled layer and improve or maintain the productivity, the carbonaceous material content of the upper layer is about 1.1 to 1.3 times the average content. It is preferable to be in the range.

  Next, as a technique for more actively segregating the carbonaceous material to the upper layer than the above technique, for example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-256757, the sintered raw material is placed on the moving pallet from the charging chute. There is a method of adding the carbonaceous material in the upper layer part of the sintering bed to a larger amount of the carbonaceous material in the lower layer region by newly adding the carbonaceous material on the charging chute. In this method, the newly added carbonaceous material is supplied to the lower part of the sintered raw material flowing down on the charging chute, and when the charging chute flows down and falls from the lower end of the charging chute, the sintered raw material and the carbonaceous material are added. And the lower layer becomes a sintered raw material layer having a high ratio of carbonaceous material. Since the flow direction of the raw material on the charging chute is opposite to the moving direction of the moving pallet, this lower layer becomes the upper layer portion of the sintering bed when the moving pallet is filled.

  And the amount of the carbon material to be newly added and the amount of the carbon material to be blended into the raw material in advance may be controlled by the carbon material content difference set in the upper layer and the middle / lower layer. The thickness (depth) of the upper layer part to be increased can be set by adjusting the addition position of the newly added carbonaceous material. Note that when the sintered raw material flows down on the charging chute, not only when the carbonaceous material is added to the sintered raw material on the charging chute, but also on the sintered raw material flowing down from the lower end of the charging chute. The case where a material is added is also included, and both of them can be carried out in combination.

  Further, the content of the carbonaceous material can be changed by changing the equipment conditions such as the angle and length of the charging chute and the operating conditions such as the supply amount and particle size of the sintered raw material. For example, the angle of the charging chute can be increased so that the amount of carbonaceous material in the upper layer portion (for example, a region of 100 to 200 mm) including the surface of the charging layer filled on the moving pallet can be larger than the region below it. The optimum mixing position in the length or the distance (height) from the lower end of the charging chute to the moving pallet is appropriately selected or adjusted. In actual operation, the amount of carbonaceous material in the region of 100 to 200 mm from the surface of the charging layer varies depending on the sintering raw material used, the amount of blending, and the like. It is preferable.

  Another method disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-256757 is another method for positively strengthening the segregation of carbonaceous material to the upper layer. The apparatus used in this method includes a sintering raw material hopper that continuously supplies a sintering raw material, which is quantitatively cut out by a drum feeder, onto a slowing plate (charging chute) via a guide chute, It has a hopper of charcoal that is a newly added charcoal that is installed oppositely, and the newly added charcoal is placed on the sloping plate from the charcoal addition nozzle provided at the bottom of the charcoal hopper. It is supplied to the lower part of the falling sintered raw material. The sintering raw material falling on the sloping plate and the newly added carbon material supplied to the lower part of the sintering raw material are given sufficient time when falling on the sloping plate and falling from the sloping plate. And the carbon material are mixed, and the lower layer becomes a sintered raw material layer having a high ratio of the carbon material. And on the moving pallet, the lower layer on the sloping plate which is a sintering raw material layer with a high ratio of the carbonaceous material as a sintering raw material layer with a large amount of carbonaceous material equivalent to the upper layer part of the raw material filling layer, Moreover, the sintering raw material not mixed with the carbon material is filled as a sintering raw material layer corresponding to the lower layer portion of the raw material filling layer. In this way, the amount of carbonaceous material (carbonaceous material) in the region of 100 or 200 mm from the surface of the raw material packed layer can be made larger than the region below it.

  The charging means for causing the upper layer part of the charging layer to contain more carbonaceous material than the lower layer part in the method for strengthening segregation of the carbon material to the positive upper layer described above may be a spraying means, or the charging layer. The upper layer part may be used in combination with charging means for containing more carbonaceous material than the lower layer part. Here, the above-mentioned spraying means means that the sintered raw material quantitatively cut out by the raw material charging device is stacked on the moving pallet, and the carbon material spraying device or the like is placed on the stacked charging layer. It is a method of using and spraying a predetermined amount of carbonaceous materials quantitatively.

  Moreover, the segregation reinforcement | strengthening of the carbonaceous material to an upper layer part is also possible by changing the particle size of the carbonaceous material used for sintering. When the particle size of the carbon material used for sintering is made fine, the fine carbon material is easily segregated to the upper portion by the charging device, and the segregation of the carbon material can be strengthened to the upper layer portion. For example, there is a method of increasing the proportion of fine coke by adjusting the particle size distribution of the coke powder blended in the sintered raw material. In this method, even when the sintered raw material is mixed and granulated by a normal method, the proportion of fine coke that is not granulated increases, so that a large amount of fine coke can be segregated in the upper layer portion of the raw material packed layer.

  Furthermore, as another method, the segregation strengthening of the carbonaceous material to the upper layer part is also possible by changing the carbonaceous material addition time without adjusting the particle size. For example, a part or all of the carbonaceous material is added after the step of granulating the sintered raw material. In this method, the addition of all the carbon materials is completed after the start of the granulation treatment of the sintered raw material, so that the carbon materials adhere to large pseudo particles or are granulated with a polymer compound. This is a method of preventing the processed pseudo particles from adhering. Specifically, the addition of the carbon material is delayed, and after the start of the granulation process of the sintered raw material or after the granulation process is performed, The segregation of the carbonaceous material can be strengthened by adding a part or all of it. Thereby, the carbonaceous material remaining without being granulated is unevenly distributed in the upper layer portion at the time of charging, and segregation strengthening of the carbonaceous material to the upper layer portion can be realized.

  In addition, there is a technique disclosed in JP-A-6-287646, which is referred to as two-stage charging, in which a sintered blending raw material is divided into two upper and lower stages and filled in layers. This technique may be applied to the present invention to change the carbon material content in the upper and lower two-stage portions. The upper carbon material content in the upper and lower two stages is increased and the lower carbon material content is decreased to form a charged layer of sintered raw material. The ignition is performed from the upper surface layer portion in an ignition furnace, This is because the blowing position may be an area in which the lower carbonaceous material content is reduced. In other words, the upper and lower two upper stages are the upper layer portion in the present invention, and the lower stage is the middle / lower layer.

  Here, a sintering operation method in which the carbonaceous material is segregated in the upper layer portion will be described with reference to FIG. After loading the bedstone ore from the floor hopper onto a number of pallets (not shown) that circulate around the sintering machine, the raw material surge hoppers 5 and 5 'are respectively mixed with the upper layer raw material and the middle and lower layers. The raw materials are sequentially filled. The raw material surge hopper 5 is a hopper that fills the middle layer and lower layer blended raw materials, and fills the pallet with the blended raw materials for sintering via the feeder 6 and the charging device 7. On the other hand, the upper layer mixed raw material is filled with the sintering mixed raw material on the aforementioned middle layer and lower layer mixed raw material via the raw material surge hopper 5 ′, feeder 6 ′, and charging device 7 ′. At this time, for example, the carbon content is preferably about 4.2 mass% for the middle layer and lower layer blending raw material and about 5.02 mass% for the upper layer blending raw material. Next, when the charging layer formed on the pallet passes through the ignition furnace 10, the charging layer surface is ignited and sucked by the blower 17 from a wind box (wind box) 11 disposed under the pallet. As a result, air is circulated from the upper side to the lower side of the charging layer to burn the carbonaceous material in the charging layer, and while the charging layer moves to the gaseous fuel blowing device 12, the sintering reaction of the sintering raw material is moved upward. Proceed downward from Then, when a sintered cake is formed in the upper layer of the charging layer and the sintering reaction reaches from the upper layer to the middle layer, the gaseous fuel is supplied and diluted from the gaseous fuel blowing device 12, and the diluted gaseous fuel is put into the charging layer. Sintering operation is performed by sucking and introducing and burning carbonaceous material and diluted gas fuel.

  As described above, the cooling rate in the upper layer portion of the charging layer is larger than that in other middle layer portions and lower layer portions, and the sintering reaction becomes insufficient. Further, since the ignition furnace and the gaseous fuel supply device are separated from each other, and the gaseous fuel cannot be supplied during this period, the product yield of the upper layer portion tends to be relatively lowered. In the present invention, in the upper layer portion of the charging layer where the effect of the gaseous fuel supply cannot be sufficiently obtained, the generated heat due to the combustion of the carbon material is sufficiently secured by increasing the amount of the carbon material contained in the upper layer portion. Then, an operation for performing sintering is performed in which either one or both of the maximum attained temperature and the high temperature region holding time in the charging layer is adjusted to an appropriate range necessary for sintering.

  Further, in the present invention, the amount of carbon material contained in the upper layer portion of the charging layer is larger than that in the middle and lower layer portions, and the maximum reached temperature in the charging layer is adjusted by adjusting the particle size of the carbon material used in the upper layer portion. The high temperature range holding time can be adjusted. In other words, if a carbon material with a larger particle size than the middle and lower layer carbon materials is used for the upper layer portion, the carbon material with a larger particle size has a smaller specific surface area, so it is slower than a carbon material with a smaller particle size. Burn. As a result, since the combustion time can be lengthened, it is possible to increase the combustion zone width and extend the high temperature region holding time by relatively lowering the maximum temperature. The carbonaceous material particle size used in the normal sintering operation is an arithmetic average particle size of 1.2 to 1.5 mm. In the present invention, in addition to the operation of increasing the amount of carbonaceous material in the upper layer, It is preferable to increase the material particle size and use the arithmetic average particle size as 1.5 to 2.0 mm. If it is less than 1.5 mm, the change in the combustion rate is small, and if the particle size exceeds 2.0 mm, there is a problem that cost increases and combustion delay occurs. Furthermore, in granulation with a sintering raw material, if the particle size is large, it becomes easy to be incorporated into the granulated particles. From the point of forming segregation of grains, it is easy to stay in the middle and lower layer part, and it is used for the upper layer part carbon material by the two-stage charging described above, or in combination with the upper part carbon material amount increasing means using the upper layer spraying method It is preferable to implement.

Furthermore, gaseous fuel is used in the present invention. The reason why the gaseous fuel is discharged into the atmosphere at a high speed above the charging layer as described above and the gaseous fuel is diluted to a concentration below the lower combustion limit concentration is as follows.
Table 1 shows the lower combustion limit concentration, supply concentration, and the like of typical gaseous fuels that can be used in the present invention. In order to prevent the occurrence of fire, the gas concentration when supplying gaseous fuel into the sintered raw material is safer as it is lower than the lower combustion limit concentration. In this respect, city gas has a lower combustion limit concentration that is similar to that of C gas (coke oven gas), but since the amount of heat is higher than that of C gas, the supply concentration can be lowered. Therefore, from the viewpoint of ensuring safety, city gas that can lower the supply concentration is superior to C gas. Moreover, as will be described later, the city gas is preferable because it does not contain CO (carbon monoxide) harmful to the human body as a component and also does not contain hydrogen.

  Table 2 shows the combustion components (hydrogen, CO, methane) contained in the gaseous fuel, the lower and upper combustion concentrations of these components, laminar flow, combustion speed during turbulent flow, and the like. In order to prevent the occurrence of fire during sintering, that is, to prevent the occurrence of fire due to gaseous fuel supplied during sintering, it is necessary to prevent backfire, but for that purpose, at least laminar combustion The gaseous fuel may be discharged at a speed higher than the speed, preferably higher than the turbulent combustion speed. For example, when methane, which is a main combustion component of city gas, is used as a gaseous fuel, there is no fear of backfire if it is discharged at a speed exceeding 3.7 m / s. On the other hand, since hydrogen gas has a higher turbulent combustion speed than CO and methane, it is necessary to discharge hydrogen gas at a higher speed in order to ensure safety. From this point, when comparing the gaseous fuel shown in Table 1, the city gas that does not contain the hydrogen component can slow down the discharge speed compared to the C gas containing 59 vol% of the hydrogen component. Is advantageous. Moreover, since city gas does not contain a CO component, it is safe without causing gas poisoning. Therefore, from the viewpoint of ensuring safety, it can be said that city gas has favorable characteristics when used as gaseous fuel. The same can be said for natural gas. Note that C gas can also be used as gaseous fuel, but in that case, it is necessary to increase (accelerate) the gas discharge speed and to separately take measures against CO.

  Table 3 shows the results of evaluating the advantages and disadvantages of the type of supplying the gaseous fuel. In the table, direct top blowing means that gas fuel such as city gas or C gas is supplied (discharged) as it is, and is diluted to a predetermined concentration by entraining the surrounding atmosphere and sucked into the charging layer (introduced) The premixed blowing is a so-called pre-mixing method in which air and gaseous fuel are mixed in advance and diluted to a predetermined concentration and supplied to the charging layer and sucked (introduced) into the charging layer. Refers to the mix format. In the direct injection type, it is easy to prevent backfire if gaseous fuel is discharged at a speed higher than the turbulent combustion rate described above, but in the premixed injection type, when a concentration deviation occurs, backfire is caused. there is a possibility. On the other hand, in the direct-injection type, when the gaseous fuel is mixed with the surrounding atmosphere and diluted, concentration unevenness is likely to occur. Therefore, the possibility of abnormal combustion is greater than in the premixed injection type. However, in the case of comprehensive evaluation including equipment costs, direct injection of city gas is the most advantageous.

  Further, in the present invention, the gaseous fuel supply device causes the gaseous fuel to be discharged into the atmosphere at a high speed above the charging layer, thereby mixing with the surrounding air in a short time, and the combustion possessed by the gaseous fuel. The reason why it is necessary to dilute to a concentration below the lower limit concentration and then introduce the diluted gaseous fuel into the charge layer is as follows.

  As shown in FIG. 6 (a), a sintered pan having an inner diameter of 300 mmφ × a height of 400 mm is filled with a sintered cake, and a nozzle is embedded at a position 90 mm deep from the center of the sintered cake, Table 4 shows the results of measuring the methane gas concentration in the circumferential direction and the depth direction in the sintered cake by blowing 100% methane gas to 1 vol% against air. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6 (b), the results of measuring the distribution of methane gas concentration in the same manner as described above for the case where methane gas is supplied from a position 350 mm above the sintered cake using the same nozzle are shown. This is shown in FIG. From these results, when methane gas was directly introduced into the sintered cake, the lateral diffusion of methane gas was insufficient, whereas when methane gas was supplied above the sintered cake, It can be seen that the methane gas concentration in the cake is almost uniform and diffuses sufficiently in the lateral direction. From the above results, it is understood that the gaseous fuel is preferably diluted uniformly before being introduced into the charging layer by supplying it into the air above the sintered cake.

In the present invention, as the gaseous fuel, it is preferable to use the gaseous fuel diluted to 75% or less of the lower limit concentration of combustion at normal temperature in the atmosphere, and more preferably as the gaseous fuel. A product diluted to a concentration of 60% or less of the lower limit of combustion and more preferably 25% or less of the lower limit of combustion is used. There are two reasons for using the combustible gas diluted to 75% or less below the lower combustion limit concentration.
(A) The supply of the combustible gas as it is to the upper part of the charging layer may sometimes cause explosive combustion, and at least at room temperature, it is necessary to make it not burnable even if there is a fire type.
(B) Even if it reaches an electric precipitator or the like downstream of the wind box without being completely burned in the charging layer, there is no need to be burned by the discharge of the electric precipitator. It is.

  In addition, as will be described later, the concentration of the diluted gaseous fuel is such that the shortage of air (oxygen) necessary for the combustion of the total carbonaceous material (solid fuel + gaseous fuel) in the sintering raw material does not occur, causing insufficient combustion. It is necessary to use a diluted product. However, the diluted gas fuel preferably has a concentration of 2% or more of the lower combustion limit concentration. This is because when the concentration is less than 2%, the strength of the sintered ore and the yield cannot be improved even by heat generated by combustion. Moreover, it is preferable to adjust the density | concentration of diluted gas fuel according to the amount of carbonaceous materials (solid fuel). Furthermore, the diluted gas fuel can cause combustion at a predetermined position in the charging layer by adjusting the concentration.

In the method for producing a sintered ore according to the present invention, after the carbon material in the charging layer is ignited, diluted gaseous fuel is supplied (introduced) into the charging layer. The reason is that even if the diluted gas fuel is supplied at a position immediately after ignition, it only burns on the surface layer of the charging layer, and does not affect the sintered layer. Therefore, it is necessary to supply diluted gas fuel to the charging layer after the sintering raw material at the upper part of the charging layer is fired to form a sintered cake layer. The diluted gas fuel can be supplied at an arbitrary position until the sintering is completed as long as the sintered cake layer is formed on the surface of the charging layer. The reasons other than the above, in which the diluted gas fuel is supplied after the sintered cake layer is formed, are as follows.
(A) If the diluted gas fuel is supplied in a state where no sintered cake is formed on the top of the charging layer, there is a risk of causing explosive combustion on the charging layer.
(B) It is preferable to supply the diluted gas fuel to a portion where it is necessary to improve the yield of the sintered ore, that is, to supply combustion in a portion where the strength of the sintered ore is desired to be increased.

  In order to adjust either or both of the maximum reached temperature of the charging layer and the high temperature region holding time, the thickness of the combustion / melting zone is at least 15 mm or more, preferably 20 mm or more, more preferably 30 mm or more, It is preferable to supply the diluted gas fuel. When the thickness of the combustion / melting zone is less than 15 mm, the cooling effect by the air sucked through the sintered layer (sintered cake) and the diluted gas fuel makes the effect insufficient even if the gas fuel is burned, and combustion / melting. This is because the thickness of the belt cannot be increased. On the other hand, if the diluted gas fuel is supplied at a stage where the thickness of the combustion / melting zone is 15 mm or more, preferably 20 mm or more, more preferably 30 mm or more, the thickness of the combustion / melting zone is greatly expanded, and the high temperature region holding time is increased. It can be extended, and as a result, a sintered ore with high cold strength can be obtained.

  The thickness of the combustion / melting zone can be confirmed using, for example, a vertical tubular test pan with a transparent quartz window. This test pan is an effective means for determining the supply position of the diluted gas fuel.

  Further, the introduction of the diluted gas fuel into the charging layer is performed at a position where the combustion front is lowered below the surface layer and the combustion / melting zone is lowered by 100 mm or more, preferably 200 mm or more from the surface layer, that is, the middle / lower layer region of the charging layer. It is preferable to carry out for the target. That is, the diluted gas fuel passes through the sintered cake region (sintered layer) generated in the surface layer of the charging layer without burning, and is supplied so as to burn when the combustion front moves 100 mm or more from the surface layer. Is preferred. The reason is that if the combustion front is at a position lower than the surface layer by 100 mm or more, the adverse effect of cooling by the air sucked through the sintered layer is reduced, and the thickness of the combustion / melting zone can be increased. . Furthermore, if it is a position 200 mm or more lower than the surface layer, the influence of cooling by air is almost eliminated, and the thickness of the combustion / melting zone can be expanded to 30 mm or more. Further, it is more preferable to supply the diluted gas fuel in the vicinity of the sidewalls at both ends in the pallet width direction where the yield is greatly reduced.

In addition, although the diluted gaseous fuel production | generation apparatus changes with scales of a sintering machine, for example, gaseous fuel supply amount is 1000-5000m < ³ > (standard) / h, and a production amount is about 15,000 t / day, In a sintering machine having a length of 90 m, it is preferable that the sintering machine is disposed at a position about 5 m or less downstream of the ignition furnace.
In the manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, the supply position of the diluted gas fuel (introduction position to the charging layer) is the ignition furnace exit side in the pallet traveling direction, and the so-called combustion front after the sintered cake is formed is below the surface layer. It is preferable to carry out at one or more arbitrary positions from the advanced position (for example, the position where combustion of gaseous fuel occurs below 100 mm, preferably about 200 mm or less below the surface layer) to the completion of sintering. This means that, as described above, the introduction of the gaseous fuel starts when the combustion front moves below the surface of the charging layer, and as a result, the combustion of the gaseous fuel is started in the charging layer. Since it occurs inside and gradually moves to the lower layer, it means that there is no risk of explosion and a safe sintering operation becomes possible.

  In the production method according to the present invention, the introduction of the diluted gas fuel into the charging layer also means that the reheating of the produced sintered cake is promoted. That is, this diluted gaseous fuel is originally supplied with a highly reactive gaseous fuel compared to the solid fuel to the portion where the cold strength of the sintered ore is low and the cold strength of the sintered ore is likely to be short of heat. This is because the heat of combustion in this portion that is likely to be deficient is compensated for, and the regeneration / expansion of the combustion / melting zone is assumed.

  In the method for producing sintered ore according to the present invention, the supply of the diluted gaseous fuel from the upper part of the charged layer after ignition is such that at least a part of the introduced diluted gaseous fuel in the charged layer remains unburned. It is preferable to reach the combustion / melting zone and burn at a target position where combustion heat is to be compensated. It is considered that it is more effective to supply the diluted gas fuel, that is, to introduce the effect into the charging layer not only to the upper part of the charging layer but also to the combustion / melting zone which is the central part in the thickness direction. Because. In other words, if the supply of gaseous fuel is performed in the upper layer of the charging layer, which tends to be short of heat (insufficient holding time in the high temperature range), sufficient combustion heat will be provided. The quality can be improved, and further, if the supply operation of the diluted gas fuel is extended to the zone below the middle layer, the recombustion / melting zone with the diluted gas fuel is added to the combustion / melting zone with the original carbonaceous material. This results in equal expansion of the combustion / melting zone in the vertical direction, so it is possible to extend the holding time of the high temperature range without increasing the maximum temperature, so the pallet movement speed can be increased. This is because sufficient sintering can be realized without dropping. As a result, the quality of the sintered cake of the entire charged layer is improved (improving the cold strength), and consequently the quality (cold strength) and productivity of the product sintered ore are improved.

  The present invention has a first feature in that the supply position of the diluted gas fuel is determined from the viewpoint of where in the charging layer the operation / effect of the supply is exerted. The second characteristic is in how much the maximum reachable temperature and the high temperature region holding time in the charging layer are controlled in accordance with the amount of the solid fuel under the constant heat quantity as well as the supply.

  Therefore, in the present invention, when the diluted gas fuel is introduced (supplied) into the charging layer, not only the supply position is adjusted, but also the form of the combustion / melting zone itself is controlled, and thus It is preferable to control the maximum temperature reached in the melting zone and / or the high temperature region holding time.

  In general, in the charged layer after ignition, the combustion (flame) front gradually expands downward and forward (downstream) as the pallet moves, and the position of the combustion / melting zone is shown in FIG. ). And as shown in FIG.4 (b), the thermal history received in the sintering process in a sintered layer differs in an upper layer, a middle layer, and a lower layer, and it is high temperature range holding time (about 1200 degreeC or more with an upper layer-a lower layer). Time) is very different. As a result, the yield of sintered ore by position in the pallet shows a distribution as shown in FIG. That is, the yield of the surface layer portion (upper layer portion) is low, and the yield distribution is high in the middle layer and the lower layer portion. Therefore, when the gaseous fuel is supplied according to the method of the present invention, the combustion / melting zone has an increased thickness in the vertical direction, a width in the pallet traveling direction, and the like, which are reflected in improving the quality of the product sintered ore. And since the intermediate | middle layer part and lower layer part which become high yield distribution can control high temperature range holding time, it can raise a yield more.

  By adjusting the supply (introduction) position of the gaseous fuel, it is possible to control the form of the combustion / melting zone, that is, the thickness in the height direction of the combustion / melting zone and / or the width in the pallet traveling direction, and reach the maximum. The temperature and the high temperature range holding time can be controlled. These controls make the effects of the present invention stand out more and are always sufficient through expansion of the vertical thickness of the combustion / melting zone and the width of the pallet traveling direction, and control of the maximum temperature reached and the high temperature range holding time. Performs firing and contributes effectively to improving the cold strength of the sintered product ore.

  In the present invention, it can also be said that the supply (introduction) of the diluted gas fuel into the charging layer is for controlling the cold strength of the entire product sintered ore. In other words, the original purpose of supplying diluted gaseous fuel is to improve the cold strength of the sintered cake, and thus the sintered ore. Through the control of the high temperature range holding time, which is the time to stay in, and the control of the maximum temperature, the cold strength (shutter index SI) of the sintered ore is about 75 to 85%, preferably 80% or more, more preferably 90% or more Is to do.

  In the present invention, this strength level is particularly determined in consideration of the concentration of the diluted gas fuel, the supply amount, the supply position, and the supply range of the carbonaceous material in the sintered raw material (under the condition that the input heat amount is constant). By adjusting above, it can be achieved inexpensively. On the other hand, the improvement of the cold strength of sintered ore may lead to an increase in ventilation resistance and a decrease in productivity. In the present invention, such problems are also controlled by controlling the maximum temperature and holding time in the high temperature range. In order to solve this problem, the cold strength of the sintered ore is improved. In addition, the cold strength SI value of the sintered ore manufactured by the real machine sintering machine shows a value 10-15% higher than the value obtained by a pan test.

  In the production method of the present invention, the introduction position of the diluted gas fuel into the charging layer in the pallet traveling direction is a sintered ore in an arbitrary zone between the sintered cake formed in the charging layer and the wet zone. It is based on how to make the cold strength of. For this control, in the present invention, the scale (size), number, position (distance from the ignition furnace), gas concentration of the gaseous fuel supply device, preferably the amount of carbonaceous material (solid fuel) in the sintered raw material By adjusting according to the above, not only the size of the combustion / melting zone (the thickness in the vertical direction and the width in the pallet traveling direction) but also the high temperature reached temperature and the high temperature range holding time are controlled. Controls the strength of the sintered cake formed in the charge layer.

  In the above production method of the present invention, the gaseous fuel supplied into the charging layer is blast furnace gas, coke oven gas, blast furnace / coke oven mixed gas, city gas, natural gas or methane gas, ethane gas, propane gas, butane gas, or It is preferable to use one of these mixed gases. Each of these contains a combustion component, and any one of these gaseous fuels is discharged into the air at high speed, mixed with air and diluted to obtain a diluted gaseous fuel having a combustion lower limit concentration of about 75% or less. Supply (introduction) into the charging layer.

  In the present invention, among the gaseous fuels, those having a CO content of 50 massppm or less are preferably used. That is, CO gas is harmful to the human body, and if gaseous fuel supplied onto the charging layer is not introduced into the charging layer in its entirety, it may cause human injury if it leaks out of the machine. Because there is. Specifically, the use of city gas 13A or propane gas is preferable from the viewpoint of cost as well as safety.

  Further, in producing sintered ore by the method of the present invention, a pallet that circulates and a raw material supply device that forms a charged layer by charging a sintered raw material containing fine ore and carbonaceous material onto the pallet. And an ignition furnace for igniting the carbonaceous material in the sintering raw material, and a sintering machine provided with a wind box below the pallet, the gaseous fuel is placed on the downstream side of the ignition furnace and the gaseous fuel is air above the charging layer. A sintering machine is used, which is provided with a gaseous fuel supply device that is supplied into the dilute gaseous fuel below the lower combustion limit concentration and then introduced into the charging layer.

  The gaseous fuel supply device in the sintering machine of the present invention is preferably disposed so as to straddle both side walls of the pallet along the width direction of the sintering machine. The gaseous fuel supply device has a plurality of pipes for supplying gaseous fuel, preferably arranged at a pitch of 400 mm or less, parallel to the pallet traveling direction or in a vertical direction. It is preferable to be configured by a plurality of slits, ejection holes, or nozzles for supplying fuel at high speed to the atmosphere.

  One or more of the gaseous fuel supply devices are disposed downstream of the ignition furnace and at any position in the pallet moving direction in the process in which the combustion / melting zone advances in the charging layer, and enters the charging layer. It is preferable that the gaseous fuel is supplied at a position after ignition of the carbonaceous material in the charging layer. In other words, one or more devices are installed at any position after the combustion front advances below the surface layer on the downstream side of the ignition furnace. From the viewpoint of adjusting the strength, the size, position, and number are determined. In addition, this gaseous fuel supply device is disposed at a low yield position near both sidewalls, and the gaseous fuel is 75% or less and 2% or more of the lower combustion limit concentration, or 60% or less of the lower combustion limit concentration. Further, it is preferable to use a combustible gas diluted to a concentration of 2% or more, or 25% or less of the lower combustion limit concentration and 2% or more.

  By the way, in this invention, although gaseous fuel is used, this gaseous fuel passes through the crevice of a charging layer and the clearance gap between a charging layer and a pallet inner wall, and flows out into the wind box under a pallet unburned. there is a possibility. As described above, the gaseous fuel supplied into the charging layer is diluted below the lower combustion limit concentration, and the concentration is usually controlled so as not to burn outside the charging layer. However, the exhaust gas flowing from the wind box to the exhaust path is then collected and cleaned by the electrostatic precipitator. At this time, it is necessary to reliably avoid the explosion and combustion accident caused by the discharge of the electrostatic precipitator. Therefore, in the present invention, a means for detecting the outflow of the unburned gaseous fuel is arranged in the exhaust path connected to the wind box, and the concentration of the gaseous fuel is explosive or burning accident even under the discharge of the electrostatic precipitator. It is preferable to monitor the concentration so as not to cause oxidization.

  As the gaseous fuel detection means, a detector capable of detecting the gaseous fuel itself or a gas detector capable of detecting the concentration of one or more components of the gaseous component constituting the gaseous fuel should be used. Depending on the type of gas used (for example, blast furnace gas, coke oven gas, blast furnace-coke oven mixed gas, city gas, natural gas, methane gas, ethane gas, propane gas, butane gas, or a mixed gas thereof) A gas component that can be detected by the gas detector (for example, hydrogen (H 2), CO, methane component, etc.) may be selected. Specifically, in a blast furnace gas or a mixed gas of blast furnace-coke oven gas, there are many CO components, so a gas detector capable of detecting the CO concentration is effective. A gas detector capable of detecting a methane component is effective, and a gas detector capable of detecting a methane component is effective for natural gas or city gas using natural gas.

  Further, according to the present invention, the gaseous fuel detection means disposed in the exhaust path connected downstream of the wind box detects that the concentration of one or more components constituting the gaseous fuel is a predetermined value or more. In this case, it is preferable to employ an operation method in which the operation of the sintering machine is stopped and the gas fuel supply path and the exhaust path connected to the wind box are in an inert gas atmosphere. This is a measure to prevent an explosion or combustion accident from occurring due to some kind of fire. As the inert gas to be supplied, nitrogen gas, argon gas, or exhaust gas from various combustion facilities that can be obtained in a large amount at an ironworks can be used.

  In addition, even when starting operation or resuming operation, it is preferable to adopt an operation method in which the operation of the sintering machine and the supply of gaseous fuel are started after the inside of the gaseous fuel supply path and the exhaust path is once set in an inert gas atmosphere. An explosion / combustion accident can be completely suppressed by preventing the generation of an unstable concentration region at the time of dilution of the gaseous fuel, or by cutting off contact with the remaining atmosphere or residual gaseous fuel.

The reason for adopting such detection means and driving method is as follows. The effective grate area of a general sintering machine is 200 m ² or more, and those having a scale exceeding 10,000 tons (sintered ore) per day include 400 m ² and 500 m ² or more. When it is attempted to supply diluted gaseous fuel to a part or a substantial part of such a large grate area, concentration concentration of the gaseous fuel may occur, or the gaseous fuel may accumulate and cause a local concentration increase. There is a fear. In the present invention, since the diluted gas fuel is burned in the charging layer, the diluted gas fuel is introduced into the charging layer after the combustion front moves below the surface of the charging layer. At that time, the diluted gas fuel passes through a crack generated during the formation of the charging layer, a crack generated by sintering of the sintering raw material, or a gap generated in the charging layer and the inner wall of the pallet, This is because there is a possibility of flowing out into the wind box as it is without burning, and it is necessary to eliminate these dangers.

  FIG. 7 shows one embodiment of a sintered ore manufacturing apparatus (sintering machine) according to the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to this exemplified form. In the example shown in FIG. 7, a gas such as city gas, natural gas, methane gas, ethane gas, propane gas, butane gas, or a mixed gas thereof is formed on the upper side of the charging layer corresponding to the downstream side in the pallet traveling direction of the ignition furnace 10. Only one gaseous fuel supply device 12 is provided for discharging the fuel into the atmosphere to obtain a diluted gaseous fuel having a desired concentration. The gaseous fuel supply device 12 is provided with a plurality of gaseous fuel supply pipes 12a along the width direction of the pallet, and a nozzle 12b that discharges gaseous fuel into the atmosphere at a high speed is directed downward in the pipe and the pallet width. A plurality of elements arranged in the direction are arranged so as to cover the charging layer from above a sidewall (not shown). The M gas supplied from the gaseous fuel supply device 12 is mixed with surrounding air to become diluted gaseous fuel, and then, using the suction force of a wind box (not shown) under the pallet 8, the M gas is supplied. It is introduced into the deep part (lower layer) of the charging layer through the sintered cake generated on the surface layer from the upper part of the layer.

  FIG. 5 shows an example in which the safety device according to the present invention is added to the sintering machine of FIG. In FIG. 5, there is a pallet (not shown) on which a charging layer on which a sintering raw material is deposited is placed between the ignition furnace 10 and the gaseous fuel supply device 12 and the wind box 11, and this moves to the right in the figure. . At this time, the carbon material on the surface of the charging layer is ignited by the ignition furnace, and combustion of the carbon material proceeds from the upper layer to the lower layer as the pallet moves, so that sintered ore is obtained. Further, in the present invention, behind the ignition furnace 10, the gaseous fuel is discharged into the atmosphere by the gaseous fuel supply device 12 to obtain a gaseous fuel diluted to a predetermined concentration below the lower combustion limit concentration, and this diluted gaseous fuel is charged. Suction is introduced into the bed and burned in the charge bed.

  In the gaseous fuel supply device shown as 12 in FIG. 5, the gaseous fuel blowing device A indicated by a solid line supplies the gaseous fuel in a substantially central region in the direction of travel of the sintering machine, and the middle layer of the charging layer It is an example in the case of improving the quality of the sintered ore in the region, and the gaseous fuel blowing device B shown by a broken line supplies the gaseous fuel to the rear region in the direction of travel of the sintering machine, This shows an example of improving the quality of sintered ore in the middle and lower layers.

  In the gaseous fuel supply device 12, the gaseous fuel is discharged into the atmosphere at a high speed and mixed with air, and the gaseous fuel is diluted to a combustion lower limit concentration or lower that does not cause combustion at room temperature. The diluted gas fuel is then sucked in from the top to the bottom of the charging layer through the wind box 11 and the concentration is adjusted so that combustion starts in the high-temperature charging layer. Since this diluted gas fuel does not have a high temperature region after passing through the window box 11, there is usually no risk of combustion or explosion.

  However, the exhaust gas that has passed through the wind box 11 is introduced into the dust collector 14 on the rear side through an exhaust path 13 constituted by a main duct that connects the wind boxes 11, and is subjected to dust removal and exhaust gas treatment and exhausted from the chimney. As the dust collector 14, an electric dust collector is usually used. However, since this dust collector removes dust by repeating discharge, there is a possibility that the gaseous fuel may burn and explode.

  Usually, the diluted gaseous fuel controlled to a predetermined concentration does not cause combustion / explosion even in the electrostatic precipitator 14. However, as described above, the sintering machine has a large effective grate area, so when supplying diluted gaseous fuel, concentration segregation occurs, or gaseous fuel stays and causes local concentration increase. In addition, the diluted gas fuel introduced into the charging layer may be cracked during the formation of the charging layer, or cracks generated due to shrinkage of the charging layer. There is a possibility that it will pass through without being burnt and reach the wind box from the gap of the window. Therefore, it is necessary to reliably prevent the combustion / explosion of gaseous fuel due to the discharge of the electrostatic precipitator. This is because, if an explosion accident occurs in the electrostatic precipitator 14, it takes a long time to recover and is forced to stop operation on a monthly basis, so the impact on sinter production is extremely large. .

  Therefore, in the present invention, the gas fuel detection means 15 is provided in the exhaust passage 13 and is monitored so that the concentration of the gaseous fuel in the exhaust does not reach a value that causes explosion / combustion due to discharge of the electrostatic precipitator 14. . As the gaseous fuel detection means 15, a detector capable of detecting the gaseous fuel itself or a gas detector capable of detecting the concentration of one or more components of the gaseous component constituting the gaseous fuel can be used. .

  Further, when gaseous fuel of a predetermined concentration or more is detected by the gaseous fuel detection means 15, the inert gas is quickly supplied to the exhaust passage 13 to dilute to a safe concentration range where there is no risk of explosion or combustion. An inert gas supply means 16 is provided. Note that reference numeral 17 in the figure denotes a main exhaust blower that sucks exhaust gas from the exhaust passage 13.

  Furthermore, the sintering machine of the present invention stops the operation of the sintering machine itself to ensure safety when the gaseous fuel of a predetermined concentration or more is detected by the gaseous fuel detection means 15, There is provided an inert gas supply means 19 for stopping the supply blower 18 and exhausting the gaseous fuel in the gaseous fuel supply pipe to make an inert gas atmosphere. At this time, the gaseous fuel in the gaseous fuel supply device 12 may also be filled with the inert gas by the inert gas supply means 19, or an inert gas supply means may be separately provided in the gaseous fuel supply device 12. good.

  When the gaseous fuel of a predetermined concentration or more is detected by the gaseous fuel detection means 15 and the sintering machine is stopped, the branch pipe extending from the wind box 11 to the exhaust path 13 in addition to the exhaust path 13 consisting of the main duct. You may install the inert gas supply means which makes up to 20 inert gas atmosphere. That is, the inert gas may be supplied to the wind box 11, the branch pipe 20, and the exhaust passage 13 to wipe off the gaseous fuel.

  That is, when gaseous fuel of a predetermined concentration or more is detected in the exhaust gas by the gaseous fuel detection means, the sintering machine is stopped, and the supply of gaseous fuel supplied by the gaseous fuel supply means is stopped, Furthermore, an operation method is preferable in which the gas fuel supply path and the exhaust path of the sintering machine are temporarily set to an inert gas atmosphere. This is a measure to prevent an explosion or combustion accident from occurring due to some kind of fire on the equipment.

  Further, since the sintered ore is crushed in the waste ore portion of the sintering machine, the dust collecting device 21 is also installed here, but the gaseous fuel supply device 12 is located behind the sintering region of the sintering machine. When it is extended to the above, there is a possibility that gaseous fuel is also sucked into the dust collector 21. Therefore, it is preferable that a gas fuel detection means 22 and an inert gas supply means 23 are also provided in the exhaust suction path of the dust collector 21.

  In the above description, the example in which the gaseous fuel detection means 15 and 22 are arranged upstream of the dust collectors 14 and 21 has been described. However, even if the gaseous fuel detection means is arranged downstream of the dust collectors 14 and 21, detection is possible. It is possible to detect an abnormality in the gas fuel concentration by predicting and detecting an increase in the concentration of the gas fuel from the change in the gas concentration or by optimizing the threshold value.

  Furthermore, although the sintering machine is generally housed in the building, carbonaceous materials are used as fuel (condensation material) in the normal operation of the sintering machine, and depending on the operating conditions, harmful gases such as CO gas can be used. Because of the generation of gas, the building is usually partially open. Even in such a case, the supplied diluted gaseous fuel may leak from the space between the gaseous fuel supply device 12 and the charging layer on the pallet to fill the stagnation part in the building. Therefore, when a gas detector (gaseous fuel detection means) 24 is arranged in such a portion where stagnation is likely to occur, and when the staying gas fuel is detected, the gas fuel supply blower 18 is stopped or a carbonaceous material (condensation material). It is preferable to prevent accidents caused by stagnant gas fuel by switching to only sintering) or by promoting ventilation in the building.

  Examples of the gaseous fuel supplied from the gaseous fuel supply device 12 include blast furnace gas (B gas), coke oven gas (C gas), mixed gas of blast furnace gas and coke oven gas (M gas), city gas, natural gas Gas (LNG), methane, ethane, propane, butane gas, or a mixed gas thereof is used. These gaseous fuels may be supplied under a piping system that is independent from the ignition furnace 10, and as the same type as the fuel pipe for the ignition furnace, a gas supply pipe (not shown) to the ignition furnace 10. ) May be connected on the extension.

Table 6 below shows the lower combustion limit concentrations of various gaseous fuels used in the present invention and the upper blowing concentration of the gaseous fuel (75%, 60%, 25% of the lower combustion limit concentration).
For example, since propane gas has a lower combustion limit concentration of 2.2 vol%, the gas concentration upper limit diluted to 75% is 1.7 vol%, and the gas concentration upper limit diluted to 60% is 1.3 vol%, diluted to 25%. The gas concentration used is 0.6 vol%. Accordingly, the preferred range is as follows. Note that the lower limit of the diluted gas concentration, that is, the lower limit concentration at which the effect of supplying gaseous fuel is manifested is 0.05 vol% in the case of propane gas.
Preferred range (1): 2.2 vol% to 0.05 vol%
Preferred range (2): 1.7 vol% to 0.05 vol%
Preferred range (3): 1.3 vol% to 0.05 vol%
Preferred range (4): 0.6 vol% to 0.05 vol%

In addition, since the lower limit concentration of combustion for C gas is 5.0 vol%, the upper limit of gas concentration diluted to 75% is 3.8 vol%, and the upper limit of gas concentration diluted to 60% is 3.0 vol%, diluted to 25%. The gas concentration used is 1.3 vol%. Accordingly, the preferred range is as follows. In the case of C gas, the lower limit concentration at which the effect of supplying gaseous fuel is manifested is 0.24 vol%.
Preferred range (1): 5.0 vol% to 0.24 vol%
Preferred range (2): 3.8 vol% to 0.24 vol%
Preferred range (3): 3.0 vol% to 0.24 vol%
Preferred range (4): 1.3 vol% to 0.24 vol%

LNG gas has a combustion lower limit concentration of 4.8 vol%, so the upper limit of gas concentration diluted to 75% is 3.6 vol%, and the upper limit of gas concentration diluted to 60% is 2.9 vol%, diluted to 25%. The gas concentration is 1.2 vol%. Accordingly, the preferred range is as follows. The lower limit concentration at which the effect of supplying the gaseous fuel of LNG gas is 0.1 vol%.
Preferred range (1): 4.8 vol% to 0.1 vol%
Preferred range (2): 3.6 vol% to 0.1 vol%
Preferred range (3): 2.9 vol% to 0.1 vol%
Preferred range (4): 1.2 vol% to 0.1 vol%

In addition, since the lower limit concentration of blast furnace gas is 40.0 vol%, the upper limit of gas concentration diluted to 75% is 30.0 vol%, and the upper limit of gas concentration diluted to 60% is 24.0 vol%, diluted to 25%. The gas concentration used is 10.0 vol%. Accordingly, the preferred range is as follows. Note that the lower limit concentration at which the effect of supplying the gaseous fuel of the blast furnace gas is 0.24 vol%.
Preferred range (1): 40.0 vol% to 1.25 vol%
Preferred range (2): 30.0 vol% to 1.25 vol%
Preferred range (3): 24.0 vol% to 1.25 vol%
Preferred range (4): 10.0 vol% to 1.25 vol%

  Next, Table 7 shows the contents and heating values of hydrogen, CO, methane, ethane, and propane contained as combustion components in C gas, LNG, and B gas.

Hereinafter, an experiment that has become an opportunity to develop a method for producing a sintered ore according to the present invention will be described.
This experiment uses the experimental apparatus shown in FIG. 8, that is, a bowl-shaped tubular test pan (150 mmφ × 400 mmH) with a transparent quartz window, and a mixed gas of blast furnace gas and coke oven gas (M gas) as the gaseous fuel to be used. ), Using the same sintering raw material as used in the sintering factory of the applicant company, that is, the sintering raw material shown in Table 8, with a constant downward suction pressure of 11.8 kPa, sintering pot test This is an example. Here, the concentration of the combustion component of the M gas was diluted with air and varied within the range of 0.5 vol-15 vol%. In addition, the combustion minimum concentration of M gas used for this experiment is 12 vol%.

  FIG. 8 also shows a video observation of the combustion melting zone from the transparent quartz window of the test pan, and in particular, shows the descending state of the combustion zone accompanying the movement of the combustion front. As can be seen from this figure, when gaseous fuel containing 15 vol% M gas exceeding the lower combustion limit concentration (12 vol%) is blown into the raw material deposit layer in the test pan, the gaseous fuel burns immediately on the charged layer surface. The effect of blowing was not obtained because it did not reach the lower layer of the charging layer. On the other hand, according to the present invention, when gaseous fuel diluted with air to 3 vol%, which is 75% or less of the lower limit concentration of combustion (12 vol%) of the gaseous fuel, is used, it does not burn on the surface of the raw material deposition layer. , It reached the combustion layer and reached the region corresponding to the combustion / melting zone and burned. As a result, the thickness of the combustion zone (also called the combustion / melting zone) when sintered with only air was 70 mm, whereas the thickness width of the combustion zone when diluted with M gas was used. Can be enlarged to 150 mm, that is, twice or more. This increase in the thickness of the combustion zone also means that an extension of the high temperature region holding time is achieved.

  In addition, in the experiment using this test pan, the descent rate of the combustion zone corresponding to the traveling speed of the combustion front accompanying the movement of the pallet in the actual sintering machine (the reciprocal is the sintering time) is the supply of diluted gas fuel. In addition, the thickness of the combustion zone in the vertical direction could be increased in the same way as when coke was increased or hot air was blown. In this way, when the appropriately diluted gaseous fuel is injected into the charging layer of the sintering raw material, the combustion band width is smaller than when using solid fuel, liquid fuel, and undiluted combustible gas. It has been found that the expansion effect of is increased, and the rate of descending the combustion front is not reduced as in the case of increasing the amount of coke, and the speed is almost the same as in the case of atmospheric sintering.

  9A to 9D summarize the results of the sintering pot test. According to this result, when the appropriately diluted M gas was blown into the raw material charging layer according to the present invention, the yield was slightly improved although the sintering time hardly changed (FIG. 9 (a )), The sintering productivity is also increasing (FIG. 9B). In addition, the shutter strength (SI), which is a cold strength management index that greatly affects the operating results of the blast furnace, has improved by 10% or more (Fig. 9 (c)), and the reduction powdering property (RDI) has improved by 8%. (FIG. 9D).

  In the present invention, a diluted combustible gas is used as the gaseous fuel introduced into the charging layer. The degree of dilution will be described below. Table 9 shows the lower combustion limit concentration and upper combustion limit concentration of blast furnace gas, coke oven gas, mixed gas (M gas), propane, methane, and natural gas. For example, when a gas having such a combustion limit goes to the exhaust fan without burning in the charging layer, there is a risk of explosion or combustion in an electric dust collector on the way. Therefore, as a result of trial and error, the inventors decided to introduce gaseous fuel diluted to a concentration at which there is no danger, that is, a concentration below the lower limit of combustion, into the charging layer, and to further improve safety, As a result of many experiments using diluted gas fuel having a concentration of 75% or less of the lower combustion limit concentration, it was confirmed that no problem occurred.

  For example, as shown in Table 9, the concentration range in which the blast furnace gas burns at room temperature in the atmosphere has a lower combustion limit of 40 vol% (that is, it does not burn below 40 vol%), and the upper combustion limit is 71 vol%. . This means that if it exceeds 71 vol%, the blast furnace gas concentration becomes too high, and in this case also, no combustion occurs. Below, the basis of this numerical value is demonstrated based on drawing.

FIG. 10 shows an example of a method for obtaining the combustion limit of blast furnace gas. The ratio of the combustion component (combustible gas) and other (inert: inert gas) contained in the blast furnace gas in the figure is as follows when examined in combination with H ₂ and CO ₂ and CO and N _2. .
(1) The ratio of (inert gas) / (combustible gas) for the combination of the “H ₂ and CO ₂ ” portions is 20.0 / 3.5 = 5.7.
Therefore, a portion where the H ₂ + CO ₂ curve intersects the 5.7 axis (flammability limit) on the horizontal axis indicating the ratio of (inert gas) / (combustible gas) in this combustion limit diagram was obtained. The lower limit is 32 vol%, and the upper limit is 64 vol%. That is, the lower limit of the combustion limit of H ₂ + CO ₂ is 32 vol%, and the upper limit is 64 vol%.
(2) On the other hand, the ratio of (inert gas) / (combustible gas) in the case of the combination of the remaining combustion components “CO and N ₂ ” is 53.5 / 23.0 = 2.3. Similarly, the lower limit: 44 vol% and the upper limit: 74 vol% are obtained from the point where the horizontal axis 2.3 intersects with the curve of CO + N ₂ from FIG. Therefore, the lower limit of the combustion limit in this case is 44 vol%, and the upper limit is 74 vol%.
(3) Further, the lower limit of combustion of the blast furnace gas containing both combustion components can be obtained by the equation on the lower left in FIG. Further, the upper limit of combustion can be obtained by applying the upper limit values of (1) and (2) in the same equation. In this way, the lower limit of combustion and the upper limit of combustion of the blast furnace gas can be obtained.

  In the present invention, another reason for focusing on the lower limit of combustion of gaseous fuel is that the combustion limit has temperature dependence. In the Fuel Handbook (edited by the Japan Fuel Association), as the effect of temperature, the heat dissipation rate slows down when the temperature is high, so the intersection of both the heat generation and dissipation velocity curves becomes deeper and the explosion range ( Explains that the (combustion range) extends to the left and right. That is, although the combustion limit is obtained as described above, the combustion limit is temperature-dependent, and as a result of the temperature in the combustion range of methane gas, Table 10 The example described in is shown. If this is plotted as the temperature dependence of the lower combustion limit concentration, it is as shown in FIG. In the figure, ● marks are examples of methane gas described in Table 10.

  FIG. 12 shows the relationship between the concentration of the combustion component (combustion gas) of the gaseous fuel and the temperature at normal temperature in the atmosphere. Although the combustion limit is obtained as described above, the combustion limit is temperature-dependent, and the temperature-dependent tendency is exemplified by the lower limit of combustion at room temperature (corresponding to the combustion gas concentration in the figure). Even if it is approximately 40 vol%, it varies from 26 to 27 vol% in the 200 ° C. region, and it burns even if it is several percent in the 1000 ° C. region and less than 1 vol% in the 1200 ° C. region.

  From this, the concentration of gaseous fuel (combustion component content) supplied to the charging layer is safer if the concentration is lower than the lower limit of combustion at room temperature, and even the concentration of the dilution gas is adjusted to an appropriate range. If it did, it turned out that the freedom degree of the combustion position control of the gaseous fuel in the thickness direction in the charging layer becomes high.

  In this way, combustion of gaseous fuel has temperature dependence, for example, the combustion range becomes wider as the ambient temperature becomes higher, and burns well in the temperature field near the combustion / melting zone of the sintering machine. However, it has also been found that in a temperature field of about 200 ° C., such as in an electrostatic precipitator on the downstream side of the sintering machine, combustion does not occur at the gaseous fuel concentration as shown in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

  By the way, in the production of sintered ore, the diluted gaseous fuel supplied into the charging layer of the sintering raw material is sucked by the wind box under the pallet, and the solid fuel (powder coke) in the charging layer is burned. It burns in the high temperature region of the combustion / melting zone formed by Accordingly, the supply of the diluted gas fuel can be adjusted by adjusting the amount of the diluted gas fuel, the supply amount, etc. under the condition that the amount of heat input to the charging layer is constant ( Decrease). Further, the adjustment of the concentration of the diluted gaseous fuel means that the combustion of the gaseous fuel is controlled so as to occur at an expected position (concentration region) in the charging layer.

  In this sense, the combustion / melting zone in the charge layer under the prior art is a zone where only solid fuel (powder coke) burns. In the present invention, in addition to the powder coke, further gas It can be said that the fuel is also burned in parallel. Therefore, in the present invention, if the concentration, supply amount, and other supply conditions of the diluted gas fuel are premised on that there is coke breeze as part of the fuel, if it is suitably changed in relation to this, the maximum temperature reached And / or desirable control of the high temperature holding time is possible, leading to improved strength of the sintered cake.

  In the method of the present invention, yet another reason for using the diluted gaseous fuel is to control the strength and yield of the sintered cake through the above-described shape control of the sintering / melting zone. The role of this diluted gas fuel functions effectively in controlling how long the sintered cake is kept in the high temperature zone (combustion / melting zone) and how much temperature is reached. Because it does. In other words, the use of the diluted gas fuel means that the high temperature range holding time of the sintered raw material is long and the maximum attained temperature is controlled to be appropriately high. And such control is diluted according to the amount of solid fuel (powder coke amount) in the sintering raw material so that the amount of supporting gas (air or oxygen) does not become excessive or insufficient in the combustion atmosphere. This means that the adjusted gaseous fuel is used. In this regard, in the prior art, in order to inject the flammable gas without adjusting the concentration of the solid fuel of the sintering raw material, the amount of the flammable gas corresponding to the amount of the solid fuel or the flammable gas ( Since (oxygen) was not supplied, combustion failure occurred, or conversely partial combustion occurred, resulting in variations in strength. That is, the present invention avoids such a problem by diluting the gas fuel and adjusting the concentration.

  Next, the influence of diluted gaseous fuel depending on the type of gaseous fuel will be described. FIG. 13 shows the experimental results comparing the sintering method of the present invention using diluted gaseous fuel obtained by diluting several types of gaseous fuels below the lower combustion limit concentration and the conventional sintering method without blowing gaseous fuel. . In the conventional sintering example in which the diluted gas fuel is not injected, the amount of powder coke added is 5 mass%. On the other hand, in the present invention example in which the diluted gas fuel is injected, the diluted gas fuel equivalent to 0.8 mass% is injected. In order to keep the total heat amount constant, the amount of powder coke added was set to 4.2 mass%. As can be seen from this figure, when diluted gas fuel was used, in any of the examples, improvements in shutter strength, product yield, and productivity were recognized. As described above, in the use example of diluted gas fuel, the reason why the shutter strength, product yield, and the like are improved is considered to be due to the expansion of the combustion / melting zone shown as the combustion state and the extension of the high temperature region holding time. .

  FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the influence of the blown gas concentration when propane gas is used as the gaseous fuel. The concentration of the diluted gaseous fuel, the shutter strength (a), the yield (b), the sintering time ( c) shows the relationship with the production rate (d). As can be seen from this figure, in the case of propane gas, when this is used as a diluted gas fuel, an effect is produced by adding 0.05 vol% to improve the shutter strength, and the yield is also substantially the same. . A clear effect is obtained from 0.1 vol%, preferably 0.2 vol%, with propane gas. When this result is converted into the case where C gas is used as the blown gas, the effect of C gas is obtained by adding 0.24 vol%, preferably 0.5 vol% or more, and the clear improvement effect is 1.0 vol% or more. Will occur. Therefore, in propane gas, it becomes at least 0.05 vol% or more, preferably 0.1 vol% or more, more preferably 0.2 vol% or more. On the other hand, in C gas, it is at least 0.24 vol% or more, preferably 0.5 vol% or more, more preferably 1.0 vol% or more, and the upper limit is 75% of the lower combustion limit concentration. In the case of propane gas, the effect is almost saturated with the addition of 0.4 vol%, and the gas concentration at this time corresponds to 25% of the lower combustion limit concentration.

  Next, the cold strength and reduced powdering characteristics (RDI) of sintered ore produced by supplying the gaseous fuel in consideration of the amount of carbonaceous material in the sintered raw material according to the method of the present invention will be described. According to “Mineral Engineering” (Hideki Imai, Toshihisa Takeuchi, Yoshiki Fujiki, 1976, 175, Asakura Shoten), a schematic diagram of the sintering reaction is summarized as shown in FIG. Table 11 shows the values of tensile strength (cold strength) and reducibility of various minerals generated during the sintering process. As apparent from FIG. 15, in the sintering process, a melt starts to be generated at 1200 ° C., and calcium ferrite having the highest strength among the constituent minerals of the sintered ore and relatively high reducibility is generated. . When the temperature rises further and exceeds about 1380 ° C., it is decomposed into amorphous silicate (calcium silicate) having the lowest cold strength and reducibility and secondary hemantite that is easily reduced to powder. Therefore, in order to improve the cold strength of sintered ore and to improve RDI, it becomes a problem whether calcium ferrite can be stably generated without being decomposed.

  In addition, according to the above-mentioned publication “Mineral Engineering”, the precipitation behavior of secondary hematite, which is the starting point of reduced powdering of sintered ore, is described with reference to FIG. According to the explanation, in the result of the mineral synthesis test, the skeletal secondary hematite that is the starting point of the reduction powdering is Mag. ss + Liq. Since it precipitates after being heated up to the zone and cooled, on the phase diagram, the reduced powdering property can be suppressed by producing the sintered ore through the path (2) instead of the path (1). It is said. Therefore, in order to produce a sintered ore having both a low RDI sintered ore and a high-strength sintered ore, the range is 1200 ° C. (solidus temperature of calcium ferrite) and about 1380 ° C. (transition temperature). It is important how to realize a heat pattern held for a long time in the charging layer. Therefore, it is important to adjust the amount of carbon material to be added by supplying gaseous fuel so that the maximum temperature reached in the charging layer is in the range of 1200 ° C. to less than 1380 ° C., preferably in the range of 1205-1350 ° C. It turns out that it is desirable to do.

  Next, in order to know the relationship between the vertical thickness (width) of the combustion zone and the diluted fuel gas, the inventors used a vertical tubular test pan with a window made of transparent quartz, and the exhaust gas from the sintering machine cooler. An experiment was conducted in which the propane gas diluted in step 1 was blown into the charging layer of the sintering raw material from above the pan. The sintering raw material used in this experiment is a general one used by the applicant company, and the suction pressure is set at a constant 1200 mmAq. In this experiment, the propane gas to be blown was diluted to a concentration of 0.5 vol% and 2.5 vol%. In terms of the amount of heat input, 0.5 vol% propane gas blowing substantially corresponds to 1 mass% compounding of powder coke.

  FIG. 17 is a photograph showing the result of observing the form of the combustion zone when propane gas was injected in this experiment. As shown in this figure, with propane gas diluted to 2.5 vol%, which is close to the lower combustion limit concentration (theoretical value, against air), the propane gas burns on the raw material charge layer immediately after being blown, and the gaseous fuel enters the charge layer. The effect of gas fuel supply was not obtained. On the other hand, when the propane gas dilution concentration is 0.5 vol% with respect to air, the propane gas enters the charging layer without burning at the upper part of the charging layer, and in the charging layer. Burned at high speed. As a result, the vertical width (thickness) of the combustion zone when sintered under atmospheric conditions was about 70 mm, whereas the width of the combustion zone when such diluted propane gas was injected was 150 mm. More than doubled. This is equivalent to extending the high temperature region holding time.

  Therefore, it has been found that the effect of increasing the thickness of the combustion zone is exhibited even at 0.5 vol%, which is 1/5 of the lower combustion limit concentration of propane. On the contrary, in the gas fuel injection technique according to the present invention, it can be seen that it is difficult to control the combustion in the charging layer unless the gas fuel is diluted.

  Further, in this experiment, the descent rate of the combustion zone (the reciprocal is the high temperature region holding time) was also examined. As a result, when the coke is simply increased or when high-temperature air is blown in, the descent rate is greatly reduced and the productivity is reduced. However, when diluted gaseous fuel is used, the solid fuel is increased. Since the burning rate can be increased as compared with the above example, the descent rate of the burning zone was hardly different from that in the case of atmospheric sintering.

  Next, in order to investigate the influence of the supply position of the diluted gaseous fuel into the charging layer, the inventors used coke oven gas (C gas) diluted to 2% as the gaseous fuel. A sintering pot experiment was performed by changing the blowing position from a surface of the charging layer to a position of 100 to 200 mm, a position of 200 to 300 mm, and a position of 300 to 400 mm, and the result is shown in FIG.

  Here, the blowing position of 100 to 200 mm on the horizontal axis in FIG. 18 means that the combustion / melting zone shown brightly (white) in the figure moves from the charged layer surface to the 100 mm position, and above the test pan. This is an example in which dilute gas fuel is blown and burned until the supply of the diluted gas fuel is started and the combustion / melting zone reaches the position of 200 mm. In this case, the combustion / melting zone (in the figure, The result of observing the progress of the combustion / melting zone is bright (white) is shown on the vertical axis. Similarly, the blowing position 200 to 300 mm is an example in which the diluted gas fuel is supplied and burned from the stage where the combustion / melting zone reaches the 200 mm position until it reaches 300 mm, and the blowing position 300 to 300 mm. 400 mm indicates an example in which the diluted gas fuel is supplied and burned from the stage when the combustion / melting zone reaches the 300 mm position until it reaches 400 mm. For comparison, the progress of the combustion / melting zone was also investigated in the case of the conventional method in which the diluted gas fuel was not injected. In addition, since the supply of combustion air in the test pan flows from the top to the bottom in the same manner as in a normal sintering operation, when adding gaseous fuel, gaseous fuel is added to the combustion air to a predetermined concentration, Supplied.

  As can be seen from FIG. 18, when the diluted gas fuel is supplied in the region of 100 to 200 mm from the surface of the charging layer, the thickness of the combustion / melting zone becomes slightly larger than that of the conventional method. It stays. On the other hand, when the diluted gas fuel is supplied in the combustion / melting zone of 200 to 300 mm, the thickness of the combustion / melting zone is clearly increased compared to the conventional method, and the 300 to 400 mm region is also used in the conventional method. It can be seen that there is a clear difference.

  In view of the above, it is preferable that the dilution gas fuel is blown into the portion where the position of the combustion / melting zone is 200 mm or less from the charged layer surface. And about the area | region less than 200 mm from the charging layer surface, even if it does not supply gas fuel forcibly, by supplying gas fuel in the area below 200 mm, the shutter intensity | strength of the sintered ore of this area | region is greatly increased. Since it can improve, the yield of a product sintered ore can be improved as a whole. Therefore, the gas fuel cost can be reduced.

FIG. 19 schematically shows the combustion state of the upper layer part from the surface of the charging layer to 200 mm and the lower layer part of 200 mm or less. An arrow A shown in this figure indicates the progressing direction (fuel direction) of the sintering, and FIG. 19 (a) shows the combustion position of the powder coke and gaseous fuel in the upper layer (up to <200 mm). In this case, the combustion zone formed by the powder coke fuel is originally narrow at the top of the charging layer, and the combustion zone of this powder coke and the combustion point of the gaseous fuel combusting in this combustion zone are close to each other. The temperature pattern is as shown on the right side of the figure. In this temperature distribution, the combustion region of the powder coke (solid fuel) is shown as a hatched portion, and the temperature region of the gaseous fuel combusting above it is shown as a non-hatched portion. As can be seen from this figure, in the upper part of the charging layer, coke and gaseous fuel are combusted at the same time (both are close to each other and combust), so that T ₁ and T ₂ in the figure The high temperature range holding time (corresponding to about 1200 ° C.) during the time shown is narrow as shown in the figure. That is, the temperature distribution is such that the coke combustion zone indicated by the hatched portion is slightly expanded. This is because when the gas fuel is supplied into the charging layer preferably after the combustion / melting zone has reached a thickness of 15 mm or more, when the original high temperature region holding time is narrow, This is consistent with the low fuel injection effect.
On the other hand, FIG. 19B shows a case where gaseous fuel is supplied to the middle and lower layers. In the middle and lower layers, the temperature of the charging layer increases as the combustion zone moves downward from the upper layer. The width increases and combustion occurs at a position farther away than in the case of FIG. As a result, the temperature distribution is as shown on the right side of FIG. That is, since the combustion point of the gaseous fuel is far from the solid fuel (coke) combustion point shown by hatching, the synthesized temperature distribution curve has a large temperature distribution. Therefore, the high temperature range holding time based on the combustion of the solid fuel and the gaseous fuel indicated by T ₃ and T ₄ is extended, and the shutter strength of the obtained sintered ore is improved.

  In the case of FIG. 19B, the ignition temperature of the gaseous fuel for controlling (extending) the high temperature region holding time is preferably 400 to 800 ° C., more preferably 500 to 700 ° C. The reason for this is that if the ignition temperature is less than 400 ° C., it does not lead to the expansion of the high temperature region, but merely expands the distribution of the low temperature region. This is because the effect of extending the retention time in the high temperature region is small only by causing the maximum reached temperature to rise too much.

  Next, an example of a method for supplying the diluted gas fuel and controlling the maximum temperature (in-layer temperature) in the charging layer will be described. FIG. 20 schematically shows the temperature distribution in the charging layer during sintering, and C gas is used as a reference when the solid fuel (powder coke) 5 mass% corresponding to the conventional sintering method is added. The sintering method according to the present invention in which the amount of coke is reduced by that amount will be described. Here, the curve a shows the relationship between the in-layer temperature and time of the conventional sintering method in which 5 mass% of coke is added and sintered. Generally, in order to extend the high temperature range retention time, the amount of powder coke used is increased. For example, as shown by the broken line b in the curve when 10 mass% of powder coke is added, Although the retention time in the high temperature range is extended from (0-A) to (0'-B) by increasing the amount, the maximum temperature reached also increases from about 1300 ° C to about 1370 ° C to 1380 ° C. It becomes impossible to obtain a sintered ore with high strength.

  In this respect, in the sintering operation method (curve c) according to the present invention method, the amount of powder coke used is suppressed to 4.2 mass%, while diluting C gas is blown, so that the maximum attained temperature can be suppressed to 1270 ° C. At the same time, the high-temperature region holding time is extended to (0-C), so that the original purpose of producing a low RDI, high-strength sintered ore that could not be realized by the conventional method can be sufficiently fulfilled.

  In short, the conventional sintering method has been an operation method focusing on either the high temperature region holding time or the maximum temperature control. On the other hand, the method of the present invention adjusts the maximum temperature to (1205 to 1350 ° C.) while adjusting the amount of powder coke used (for example, suppressed to 4.2 mass%), while the diluted gas fuel is blown. This is an operation method that also adjusts the high temperature range holding time. A curve d in FIG. 20 shows an example in which the amount of solid fuel used is simply lowered to 4.2 mass%, and the maximum temperature reached is low and the high temperature region holding time is short.

  FIG. 21 shows an example in which 5 mass% of powder coke is used as a conventional sintering method, and as a conforming example of the present invention, dilute C gas injection in which the amount of powder coke used is 4.2 mass% and the concentration is 2.0 vol%. The combustion situation in the example which used together is shown. As can be seen from the thermovia in this figure, in the conventional method, a combustion state exceeding 1400 ° C. occurs. On the other hand, in the case of the present invention in which the amount of powdered coke used is 4.2 mass% and C gas is blown at a concentration of 2 vol%, the 1400 ° C region disappears and the maximum temperature reached can be suppressed to 1350 ° C or less. At the same time, it can be seen that extension of the high temperature range retention time can be realized.

  FIG. 22 shows changes over time in the temperature in the charging layer (a), the exhaust gas temperature (b), the passing air volume (c), and the exhaust gas composition (d) due to the injection of diluted propane gas under a constant input heat amount condition. Is shown. The temperature in the charging layer is a value measured with a thermocouple charged at a position 400 mm below the charging layer surface (charging layer thickness: 600 mm) in the test pan, and the circumference of the test pan. In the direction, the measurement was performed at two locations 5 mm from the center and the wall. From these figures, by blowing diluted propane gas, the sintering raw material is heated to 1205 ° C or higher, and the melting time (high temperature region holding time) has increased more than twice, but the highest temperature reached Was confirmed not to rise. Further, by blowing propane gas as a diluted gas fuel, the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas is lowered, and it is assumed that oxygen is efficiently used in the combustion reaction.

FIG. 23 shows the temperature (a), (a ′) in the charging layer and the exhaust gas concentration when diluted propane gas was blown (0.5 vol%) and when the amount of coke was increased (10 mass%). It shows the time-dependent changes of (b) and (b ′). From these figures, when the usage rate of powdered coke is doubled, the high temperature range retention time of 1200 ° C. or higher is almost the same as that when propane gas diluted to a concentration of 0.5 vol% is injected, but the highest temperature reached Is over 1350 ° C. Further, by increasing the amount of powder coke, the CO ₂ concentration in the exhaust gas greatly increases from 20 vol% to 25 vol%, the CO concentration also increases, and the proportion of the powder coke contributing to combustion decreases. It was confirmed.

  Next, a sintering experiment was performed under the conditions shown in Table 12, and the influence on the operation status and the quality of the sintered ore was investigated. Experiment No. No. 1 is the current base condition in which 5 mass% of coke in the sintering raw material is blended. No. 2 reduced powder coke by 1 mass% to 4 mass%, and instead, a constant input heat amount condition in which 0.5 vol% propane gas was blown, No. 3 is a condition in which 10 mass% of powder coke is blended. No. 4 is a condition for injecting a high-temperature gas at 450 ° C. for the purpose of verifying the difference from the heat-retaining furnace (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 60-155626).

  FIG. 24 summarizes various characteristic test results in these tests. As is clear from this figure, although the sintering time is slightly extended by dilute propane gas injection, the yield, shutter strength (SI), and production rate are all improved, and reduced powdering property (RDI). The reducibility (RI) has also been greatly improved, and it is possible to improve the production rate and yield as well as to improve the quality of sintered ore by optimizing the injection of diluted gas fuel. confirmed.

  On the other hand, if the powder coke is only increased to 10 mass%, not only will the sintering time be extended, but the maximum temperature will rise more than necessary, so there are many low-strength amorphous silicates. As a result, both the shutter strength and the yield were greatly reduced. Moreover, in the case of blowing a high temperature gas at 450 ° C., the effect of improving the shutter strength and the yield was small, which almost coincided with the results in the conventional commercial facilities.

  As can be seen from the above description, when a diluted gaseous fuel is used, this gas is burned in the charging layer, resulting in the expansion of the combustion zone in the layer, and combustion by coke in the sintering raw material. A wide combustion zone is formed by the synergistic action of heat and the combustion heat of diluted propane gas. As a result, the high temperature range retention time can be extended without excessive increase in the maximum fuel arrival temperature.

  Next, the inventors have examined the effects of dilute gaseous fuel injection on the reducibility of the sintered product ore, cold strength, etc., with the conventional method (5 mass%, 10 mass% coke, hot air injection). The comparison was investigated. The items measured were the mineral composition ratio in the sintered product ore (influence on cold strength and reducibility), apparent specific gravity (influence on cold strength), and pore size distribution of 0.5 mm or less (influence on reducibility) ).

  FIG. 25 shows the result of investigating the composition ratio of the mineral phase in the product sintered ore quantified by the powder X-ray diffraction method. From this figure, it is understood that calcium ferrite is stably generated when solid fuel and diluted propane gas are used in combination with a constant input heat amount (coke 4 mass% + propane 0.5 vol%). And this is considered to bring about an improvement in reducibility and an increase in cold strength.

  FIG. 26 shows the change in apparent specific gravity of the product sintered ore depending on whether or not propane gas is blown, and FIG. The result of having measured is shown. From FIG. 26, it can be seen that the apparent specific gravity is increased by blowing diluted propane gas. This is thought to be due to the fact that the melt flow was accelerated as a result of heating from the outside of the granulated particles by blowing propane gas, and the porosity of 0.5 mm or more was lowered. It will contribute to improvement. In addition, it can be seen from FIG. 27 that the pore size distribution of 0.5 mm or less is increased by blowing diluted propane gas with a constant input heat amount. This is because fine pores of 500 μm or less derived from ore that affect the reducibility easily remain due to a decrease in the heat source in the sintering raw material particles, and as a result, a highly reducible sintered ore. It is considered possible to manufacture

  FIG. 28 is a schematic diagram showing the sintering behavior when only coke is used (a) and when coke and diluted gas fuel are used together (b). As shown in this figure, in the conventional sintering using only coke, it was heated from the inside of the pseudo particles by powder coke combustion, whereas in the combined method of coke and gaseous fuel as in the present invention, gas was used. It is presumed that fine pores in the ore are likely to remain because the pseudo-particles are heated by the combustion of the fuel, and that the reduction ratio (RI) can be relatively high for a low RDI.

  FIG. 29 schematically shows changes in pore distribution of sintered ore when diluted gaseous fuel is blown. As shown in this figure, to improve the productivity of sintered ore, promoting the coalescence of 0.5-5 mm diameter pores affecting yield and cold strength, and reducing the number thereof, and It is effective to increase the proportion of pores having a diameter of 5 mm or more that affects the air permeability. Further, in order to improve the reducibility of the sintered ore, it is desirable to have a pore structure in which a large number of fine pores of 0.5 mm or less mainly existing in the iron ore remain. In this respect, according to the present invention, it is considered that it is possible to approach an ideal sintered ore pore structure by dilute gaseous fuel injection.

FIG. 30 shows the result of a test for grasping the limit coke ratio capable of maintaining a desired cold strength. Here, the limit coke ratio is defined as a coke addition amount at which the shutter intensity (SI) is equivalent to the maximum value (73%) obtained when the diluted propane gas is not used. As shown in this figure, the coke ratio at which the same cold strength (shutter strength 73%) as the current state can be obtained by diluting 0.5 vol% propane gas is injected as shown in FIG. 30 (a). Furthermore, the mass is reduced from 5 mass% to 3 mass% (about 20 kg / t). In addition, as shown in FIGS. 30B and 30C, the coke ratio for obtaining a yield of 74% and a production rate of 1.86 t / hr · m ² decreases from 5 mass% to 3.5 mass%, respectively. You can see that

  As is apparent from the above description, the present invention is appropriately diluted according to the amount of carbon material contained while the combustion / melting zone moves from the surface layer to the lower layer of the charging layer as the pallet progresses. By selecting and supplying the appropriate gaseous fuel, it is possible to create an action that expands the function of the combustion / melting zone in the charging layer, improving the quality and productivity of the sintered ore. Can be planned.

  Using the test pan shown in FIG. 8, coke oven gas (C gas) diluted to 1 to 2.5 vol% was used as the gaseous fuel, and other conditions were the same as the experimental conditions described above (0115 paragraph). The sintering pot test of the sintering raw material containing 5 mass% of materials (coke) was conducted. The result is shown in FIG. As shown in this figure, when C gas diluted according to the method of the present invention is used, if the concentration of C gas is increased, the width (thickness) of the combustion zone is significantly increased, and the yield and production rate are improved. It was also found that the cold strength (SI) can be improved.

  A propane gas diluted to 0.02 to 0.5 vol% is used as the diluted gas fuel, and the other conditions are the same as in Example 1, and a sintering raw material sintering pot containing 5 mass% of carbonaceous material (coke). A test was conducted. The result is shown in FIG. From this figure, when using propane gas diluted according to the method of the present invention, if the concentration of the propane gas is increased, the width (thickness) of the combustion zone is significantly increased, and the yield and production rate are improved. It was found that the cold strength (SI) can also be improved.

  Using the test pan shown in FIG. 8, as shown in Table 13, the powder coke content (outside number) was changed to two levels of 4.9 mass% and 4.8 mass%, and was made of a sintered raw material. Coke oven gas (C gas) diluted with two levels of 1.0 vol% and 2.0 vol% (against air) with cooler exhaust gas was blown into the bed from above the pot, and the sintering pot test (No. .2-7). In addition, as a comparative example, the sintering pot test was similarly performed on an example (No. 1) in which the content (outside number) of the powder coke was 5.0 mass% and the dilution gas was not blown. In this example, the sintering raw material charged in the test pan had a total thickness of 600 mm, and the upper layer portion of 400 mm was laminated with the sintering raw material containing the above powder coke, and the lower layer was 200 mm. Laminated return ore.

  The diluted C gas is injected when the combustion / melting zone is located at a position of 100 to 200 mm, 200 to 300 mm, or 300 to 400 mm from the surface of the charging layer. ) Was introduced into the charging layer. The dilution C gas is injected at a position where the total length of the DL sintering machine is 80 m. When the injection position is 100 to 200 mm, 80 (m) × 100 to 200/600 (mm) = 13. A gaseous fuel supply device having a length of 13.3 m is installed between 13.3 and 26.6 m from the movement starting point of the pallet toward the position of 3 to 26.6 (m), that is, in the pallet traveling direction. This corresponds to an example in which a diluted gas fuel is injected and a sintering operation is performed. Similarly, in the case of the blowing position of 200 to 300 mm, the gas fuel supply device having a length of 13.3 m was installed at the position of 26.6 to 39.9 m from the movement starting point of the pallet, and the sintering operation was performed. For example, in the case of a blowing position of 300 to 400 mm, a gas fuel supply device having a length of 13.3 m was installed at a position of 39.9 to 53.2 m from the movement starting point of the pallet, and the sintering operation was performed. It corresponds to an example.

  Table 14 shows the results of the sintering pot test. From this result, No. of the comparative example which does not blow gaseous fuel. No. 1 of the present invention in which gaseous fuel is blown compared to No. 1. 2-No. No. 7 has improved cold strength (SI strength) and yield of sintered ore, and in particular, No. 7 in which the gaseous fuel injection position is after the middle stage of the charging layer. It can be seen that the improvement is remarkable in the examples of 3, 4, 6, and 7. It was also found that the production rate was the highest under the conditions where the coke amount was 4.9 mass% and the C gas concentration was 1 vol%. As for the influence of the diluted gas fuel injection (supply) position on the quality of the sintered ore, the position of the combustion / melting zone from both the reduction rate (RI) and the reduced powdering rate (RDI) It has been found that it is most effective to supply gaseous fuel when it is in the middle position of 200 to 300 mm.

The method for producing sintered ore according to the present invention was applied to a DL type sintering machine with a daily scale of 10,000 tons. The length of the DL sintering machine used was 90 m from the ignition furnace to the discharge section, and at a position of about 30 m behind the ignition furnace of this sintering machine, the length was 500 mm above the charging layer. Thirteen 15 m gaseous fuel supply pipes are arranged in parallel along the pallet traveling direction, and 150 nozzles for ejecting gaseous fuel downward are attached to each of the pipes at intervals of 100 mm (1950 in total). ) A gaseous fuel supply device having a structure was installed, and city gas was discharged from the nozzle as gaseous fuel into the atmosphere at high speed, and was supplied onto the charging layer as diluted gaseous fuel having a city gas concentration of 0.8 vol%. . The total thickness of the charging layer is 600 mm (sintered raw material containing 4.2 mass% of powdered coke), and the supply position of the gaseous fuel is when the combustion / melting zone exists at a position of 200 to 300 mm. Equivalent to. The diluted gaseous fuel supplied as described above is sucked and introduced into the charging layer by suction negative pressure control of the wind box below the sintering machine pallet, and the combustion / melting zone existing at the above position through the sintered layer. Burned in. The city gas consumption at this time was 3000 m ³ (standard state) / hr.

As a result of operation with this actual sintering machine, the tumbler strength (TI) of the obtained sintered ore is improved by about 3% as compared with the normal operation as a whole, and the reduced dusting property (RDI) is in the normal operation. The reduction rate (RI) was improved by about 4% from the normal operation. Moreover, the production rate increased by 0.03 t / hr · m ² , confirming the effect of the present invention.

  The present invention is useful as a technique for producing sintered ore used as a raw material for iron making, particularly as a blast furnace, but can also be used as another ore agglomeration technique.

It is explanatory drawing of a sintering process. It is a graph of the pressure loss and temperature distribution in a sintered layer. It is a graph of the temperature distribution at the time of high production and low production. It is a graph of the temperature distribution and yield distribution in a sintering machine. It is a figure explaining the sintering operation method which segregates a carbonaceous material to an upper layer part. It is a figure explaining the experiment which investigates the influence of the gaseous fuel supply position to a sintering cake. It is explanatory drawing of the gaseous fuel blowing process based on this invention. It is a figure (photograph) which shows transition of the combustion melting zone in a test pan which shows the experimental result about this invention method. It is a comparison graph about a sintering pot test result. It is a figure explaining the calculation method of the combustion limit of gaseous fuel. It is a graph which shows the temperature dependence of the combustion minimum density | concentration of methane gas. It is explanatory drawing which shows the temperature dependence of combustion. It is a figure which shows the influence of the gas kind at the time of gaseous fuel injection. It is explanatory drawing which shows the relationship between blowing gas density | concentration, shutter intensity | strength, a yield, sintering time, and production. It is a schematic diagram of a sintering reaction. It is a schematic diagram graph of the production | generation process of a skeleton-like secondary hematite. It is an observation figure (photograph) of the combustion limit at the time of dilute propane blowing. It is a figure which shows the influence of a blowing position. It is a figure which shows the influence of a blowing position. It is explanatory drawing of the temperature distribution in a layer at the time of sintering. It is explanatory drawing of the result of having verified the influence of the blowing position. It is a graph of the time-dependent change of the charging bed temperature (a), exhaust gas temperature (b), passing air volume (c), and exhaust gas composition (d) at the time of dilute propane blowing. It is a graph of the time-dependent change of the temperature (a), (a '), the exhaust gas temperature (b), (b') in the charging layer when dilute propane is injected and when only the amount of coke is increased. It is a graph which shows the sintering characteristic test result under various blowing conditions. It is a comparative graph which shows the change of the mineral composition ratio under various blowing conditions. It is a graph which shows the change of apparent specific gravity of a product sintered ore. It is a pore diameter distribution graph of 0.5 mm or less in a product sintered ore. It is a schematic diagram of sintering behavior when only coke is used (a) and when gas is blown (b). It is a schematic diagram of the pore structure at the time of dilution gas blowing. It is a graph of the grasp experiment result of the limit coke ratio which can maintain cold strength. 2 is a diagram (photograph) showing the results of Example 1. FIG. 6 is a diagram (photograph) showing the results of Example 2. FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Raw material hopper 2 Drum mixer 3 Rotary kiln 4, 5, 5 'Surge hopper 6, 6' Drum feeder 7, 7 'Cutting chute (charging device)
8 Pallet 9 Charging layer 10 Ignition furnace 11 Wind box 12 Gaseous fuel supply device 13 Exhaust passages 14, 21 Dust collectors 15, 22, 24 Gas detectors 16, 19, 23 Inert gas supply means 17 Exhaust blower 18 Gaseous fuel supply blower 20 Exhaust path branch pipe

Claims (9)

A charging step of charging a sintered raw material including fine ore and carbonaceous material onto a circulating pallet to form a charging layer;
An ignition step of igniting the charcoal material on the surface of the charging layer using an ignition furnace;
The gaseous fuel from a plurality of gaseous fuel supply pipes and discharge in the sintering bed above the faster than laminar burning velocity in the air, and diluted gaseous fuel producing step of obtaining a gaseous fuel diluted to 25-2% of the lower flammable limit concentration ,
The dilution gas fuel and air are introduced into the charging layer by the suction force of the wind box arranged under the pallet, and the diluted gas fuel is burned at a temperature of 400 to 800 ° C. in the charging layer. In the method for producing a sintered ore having a combustion step of generating a sintered cake by burning the carbonaceous material in the charging layer,
A method for producing a sintered ore, wherein the upper layer portion of the charging layer contains more carbonaceous material than the middle layer and lower layer portion of the charging layer. The range of the upper part of the charging layer that contains a large amount of the carbonaceous material is characterized in that the combustion front is from the region where the combustion front advances from the surface of the charging layer to the region where gaseous fuel starts to be supplied to the combustion front. The method for producing a sintered ore according to claim 1. 3. The method for producing a sintered ore according to claim 1, wherein a range of the upper part of the charging layer containing a large amount of the carbonaceous material is a range of 100 mm or more and less than 200 mm below the surface of the charging layer. By containing more carbonaceous material in the upper layer part of the charging layer than in the middle and lower layer of the charging layer, the maximum temperature reached in the upper layer part of the charging layer is controlled to a range of more than 1200 ° C. and less than 1380 ° C. and / or The method for producing a sintered ore according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the holding time of the high temperature region is extended . By burning the diluted gas fuel, the maximum temperature reached in the middle and lower layers of the charging layer is controlled within the range of over 1200 ° C and lower than 1380 ° C, and / or the holding time of the high temperature range is extended. The manufacturing method of the sintered ore in any one of Claims 1-4 characterized by these. A circulating pallet,
A raw material supply device for charging a sintered raw material containing fine ore and carbonaceous material on the pallet to form a charging layer;
An ignition furnace for igniting the carbonaceous material in the sintered raw material;
At the downstream side of the ignition furnace, and discharging the gaseous fuel from a plurality of gaseous fuel supply pipes in the sintering bed above the high speed air laminar burning velocity above, the gaseous fuel diluted to 25-2% of the lower flammable limit concentration A dilute gaseous fuel generator to obtain
A sintering machine having a wind box disposed under the pallet for sucking the diluted gas fuel and air and introducing it into the charging layer,
The raw material supply device has a function of including a larger amount of carbonaceous material in the upper part of the charge layer than in the middle layer and the lower part of the charge layer. The range in which the raw material supply device includes a larger amount of carbonaceous material in the upper part of the charge layer than in the middle and lower parts of the charge layer is that gaseous fuel is supplied to the combustion front from the region where the combustion front proceeds from the surface of the charge layer to the inside. The sintering machine according to claim 6, wherein the sintering machine is in a range up to a start area. The range in which the raw material supply device includes more carbonaceous material in the upper part of the charging layer than in the middle and lower layers of the charging layer is a range of 100 mm or more and less than 200 mm below the surface of the charging layer. Or the sintering machine of 7. The sintering machine according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein an unburned gas detection means for the gaseous fuel is provided in an exhaust passage connected to the window box.

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