JP5426070B2 - Method for producing aggregate composition for shotcrete and method for producing shotcrete - Google Patents
Method for producing aggregate composition for shotcrete and method for producing shotcrete Download PDFInfo
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- JP5426070B2 JP5426070B2 JP2006284250A JP2006284250A JP5426070B2 JP 5426070 B2 JP5426070 B2 JP 5426070B2 JP 2006284250 A JP2006284250 A JP 2006284250A JP 2006284250 A JP2006284250 A JP 2006284250A JP 5426070 B2 JP5426070 B2 JP 5426070B2
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 40
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 title claims description 36
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Description
本発明は吹付けコンクリート用骨材組成物及び吹付け用コンクリートに関し、より詳しくは、廃材として処分されているか又は再生に費用を要しているコンクリート塊もしくはアスファルト塊やフライアッシュを利用して得られる吹付けコンクリート用骨材組成物及び、特に切土法面やトンネル内部などの地山崩落を防止するための、吹付け用コンクリートに関する。 TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an aggregate composition for shotcrete and shotcrete, and more specifically, obtained by using a concrete lump or asphalt lump or fly ash that has been disposed of as waste material or costly for regeneration. The present invention relates to an aggregate composition for shotcrete and a concrete for shotcrete for preventing a collapse of a natural ground such as a cut slope or a tunnel.
従来、吹付けコンクリート用骨材として河川砂利や砂などの天然材料が主として用いられてきたが、それらの天然材料の枯渇や環境保全の状況から代替材料の必要性が喫緊の課題となっている。 Conventionally, natural materials such as river gravel and sand have been mainly used as aggregates for shotcrete, but the need for alternative materials has become an urgent issue due to the depletion of these natural materials and the environmental conservation situation. .
破損したコンクリート製電柱などのコンクリート塊の量が多い場合にはその処理・処分を自ら行うことができず、産業廃棄物として受託業者に委託する必要があり、費用がかかる。この破損したコンクリート製電柱などのコンクリート塊を破砕して吹付けコンクリート用再生骨材として利用できれば、天然の吹付けコンクリート用骨材の代替材料として有意義であり、また処理・処分費用の軽減にもなる。 When there is a large amount of a concrete block such as a damaged concrete telephone pole, it cannot be handled and disposed of by itself, and it is necessary to entrust it to a contractor as industrial waste, which is expensive. If this damaged concrete power pole and other concrete blocks can be crushed and used as recycled aggregate for shotcrete, it will be meaningful as an alternative to natural shotcrete aggregate, and it will also reduce processing and disposal costs. Become.
従来、コンクリート塊を吹付けコンクリート用骨材として再生利用するためには、最初にクラッシャー（ジョークラッシャー）で概ね５０ｍｍ程度以下に一次破砕して細粒化する。この一次破砕して細粒化したものには砂分がほとんど無いので、それだけでは吹付けコンクリート用骨材組成物として用いるのには適していない。それで、ミル（ロッドミルなど）で二次破砕して砂分を製造している。このように、二段階で破砕する必要があることから再生コストが高くなる。 Conventionally, in order to recycle a concrete lump as an aggregate for sprayed concrete, first, the crusher (jaw crusher) is first primary crushed to about 50 mm or less to be finely divided. This primary crushed and refined material has almost no sand, so that it is not suitable for use as an aggregate composition for shotcrete. Therefore, the sand is produced by secondary crushing with a mill (rod mill, etc.). Thus, since it is necessary to crush in two steps, the regeneration cost increases.
コンクリート塊を再生骨材として有効利用する方法として、コンクリート塊を再生骨材として用いるのに適する大きさに破砕し、その破砕物を分級して粒径０．１５ｍｍ以上５ｍｍ以下のものを再生細骨材として使用し、粒径５ｍｍを超えるものを再生粗骨材として使用することが提案されている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。しかし、分級することは費用が嵩むことになる。
本発明は、上記のような諸問題を解決すること、即ち、破損したコンクリート製電柱などのコンクリート塊を例えば特許第３５５４８２９号公報に記載の回転式破砕混合機を用いて破砕し、その破砕物を分級することなしでそのまま再生骨材として用いた吹付けコンクリート用骨材組成物及び吹付け用コンクリートを提供することを目的としている。 The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, that is, breaks a lump of concrete such as a damaged concrete power pole using, for example, a rotary crushing mixer described in Japanese Patent No. 3554829, and the crushed material. It aims at providing the aggregate composition for spray concrete and the concrete for spraying which were used as a recycled aggregate as it is, without classifying.
本発明者らは上記の目的を達成するために鋭意検討した結果、コンクリート塊もしくはアスファルト塊を破砕して得た粒径１５ｍｍ以下の分級していない破砕物又はそれらの混合物からなる再生骨材とフライアッシュとを用い、再生骨材の全量（容積）に対する再生骨材中の細骨材とフライアッシュとの合計量（容積）の比を特定の値にすることにより上記の目的が達成されることを見いだし、本発明を完成した。 As a result of intensive studies to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present inventors have obtained a reclaimed aggregate comprising a non-classified crushed material having a particle size of 15 mm or less obtained by crushing a concrete block or asphalt block, or a mixture thereof The above object is achieved by using fly ash and setting the ratio of the total amount (volume) of fine aggregate and fly ash in the regenerated aggregate to the total amount (volume) of the regenerated aggregate. As a result, the present invention was completed.
即ち、本発明は、コンクリート塊もしくはアスファルト塊を破砕して得た粒径１５ｍｍ以下の分級していない破砕物又はそれらの混合物からなる再生骨材を製造する工程と、この再生骨材とフライアッシュとを、該再生骨材中の粒径５ｍｍ以下の細骨材の容積をＳとし、該再生骨材中の粒径５ｍｍを越える粗骨材の容積をＡとし、該フライアッシュの容積をＦとした時に（Ｓ＋Ｆ）／（Ｓ＋Ｆ＋Ａ）≧０．６なる条件を満足するように含有する吹付けコンクリート用骨材組成物とする工程とを具備し、コンクリート塊もしくはアスファルト塊を破砕して得た粒径１５ｍｍ以下の分級していない破砕物を回転式破砕混合機で製造することを特徴とする吹付けコンクリート用骨材組成物の製造方法にある。
That is, the present invention provides a process for producing a reclaimed aggregate comprising a crushed material having a particle size of 15 mm or less obtained by crushing a concrete lump or asphalt lump or a mixture thereof, and the regenerated aggregate and fly ash. , S is the volume of fine aggregate having a particle size of 5 mm or less in the recycled aggregate, A is the volume of coarse aggregate exceeding 5 mm in the recycled aggregate, and F is the volume of fly ash. And (S + F) / (S + F + A) ≧ 0.6 to contain the aggregate composition for shotcrete so as to satisfy the condition, and obtained by crushing the concrete block or asphalt block A method for producing an aggregate composition for shotcrete, characterized in that an unclassified crushed material having a particle size of 15 mm or less is produced by a rotary crushing mixer .
また、本発明は、吹付けコンクリート用骨材組成物の製造方法で製造した吹付けコンクリート用骨材組成物を用い、該吹付けコンクリート用骨材組成物と結合材と水とを含有する吹付け用コンクリートとする工程を具備することを特徴とする吹付け用コンクリートの製造方法にある。 Further, the present invention uses a spray concrete aggregate composition was prepared by the method of spraying concrete aggregate composition, you containing a binder and water and該吹with concrete aggregate composition in the manufacturing method of spraying concrete, characterized by comprising the step of the spraying concrete.
本発明の吹付けコンクリート用骨材組成物は、従来、産業廃棄物として扱われていたコンクリート塊もしくはアスファルト塊を破砕して得た破砕物又はそれらの混合物からなる再生骨材とフライアッシュとを含有するものであり、それらの産業廃棄物の再生利用、有効利用として有意義なものである。 The aggregate composition for shotcrete of the present invention comprises a recycled aggregate and fly ash comprising a crushed material obtained by crushing a concrete block or asphalt block conventionally treated as industrial waste, or a mixture thereof. It is contained, and it is meaningful as recycling and effective use of those industrial wastes.
本発明においては、骨材としてコンクリート塊もしくはアスファルト塊を破砕して得た粒径１５ｍｍ以下の分級していない破砕物又はそれらの混合物からなる再生骨材を用いるが、この粒径１５ｍｍ以下の分級していない破砕物は回転式破砕混合機等を用いて粒径１５ｍｍ以下に破砕したものであっても、或いは破砕物から粒径が１５ｍｍを超える粗破砕物をオーバーカットしたものであってもよい。 In the present invention, a regenerated aggregate made of unclassified crushed material having a particle size of 15 mm or less or a mixture thereof obtained by crushing a concrete block or asphalt block is used as the aggregate. Even if the crushed material which has not been crushed to a particle size of 15 mm or less using a rotary crushing mixer or the like, or a coarse crushed material having a particle size of more than 15 mm overcut from a crushed material Good.
本発明で用いるフライアッシュは、石炭燃焼時に排出されるフライアッシュ、具体的には石炭を使用した火力発電所から排出されるフライアッシュであり、そのようなフライアッシュを粉砕することなくそのままで使用しても、粉砕して使用してもよい。しかし、粉砕されていないフライアッシュは、角張った形状ではなくて曲面で構成された粒子を多く含有しているため、混練されたコンクリートが吹付け機で吹付けられるときでも、細骨材に比べてもより粒径が小さく、またより滑らかで球形に近いため粘性が増しても流動性も増し、吹付けが容易に出来、吹付け施工後でも落下もし難くしかも早い固形化が図れるので、粉砕することなくそのままで使用することが好ましい。 The fly ash used in the present invention is fly ash discharged during coal combustion, specifically fly ash discharged from a thermal power plant using coal, and such fly ash is used without being crushed. Or you may grind | pulverize and use. However, fly ash that has not been crushed contains many particles composed of curved surfaces rather than square shapes, so even when kneaded concrete is sprayed with a spraying machine, compared to fine aggregate However, since the particle size is smaller, smoother and more spherical, the fluidity increases even if the viscosity increases, spraying is easy, it is difficult to drop even after spraying, and it can be solidified quickly. It is preferable to use it as it is without doing.
本発明においては、再生骨材中の粒径５ｍｍ以下の細骨材の容積をＳとし、再生骨材中の粒径５ｍｍを越える粗骨材の容積をＡとし、フライアッシュの容積をＦとした時に（Ｓ＋Ｆ）／（Ｓ＋Ｆ＋Ａ）≧０．６なる条件を満足することが好ましく、更に（Ｓ／（Ｓ＋Ａ）≧０．６なる条件を満足することが一層好ましい。このような条件を満足する吹付けコンクリート用骨材組成物は、コンクリート塊もしくはアスファルト塊の破砕装置、破砕条件を適切に選定し、例えば、回転式破砕混合機を用い、回転数を調整して粒径１５ｍｍ以下に破砕するか、他の破砕装置を用いて破砕した破砕物から粒径が１５ｍｍを超える粗破砕物をオーバーカットし、またコンクリート塊もしくはアスファルト塊の破砕物とフライアッシュとの配合比を適切に調整することにより容易に得ることができる。 In the present invention, the volume of fine aggregate having a particle size of 5 mm or less in the regenerated aggregate is S, the volume of coarse aggregate having a particle size of 5 mm or more in the regenerated aggregate is A, and the volume of fly ash is F. In this case, it is preferable that the condition (S + F) / (S + F + A) ≧ 0.6 is satisfied, and it is further preferable that the condition (S / (S + A) ≧ 0.6 is satisfied. The aggregate composition for shotcrete is selected by appropriately selecting the crushing device and crushing conditions for concrete lump or asphalt lump, for example, using a rotary crushing mixer and crushing to a particle size of 15 mm or less by adjusting the rotation speed. Or overcut coarse crushed material with a particle size of more than 15mm from crushed material using other crushing equipment, and properly mix the concrete ash or asphalt crushed material with fly ash. It can be easily obtained by integer.
コンクリート塊もしくはアスファルト塊の破砕に回転式破砕混合機を用い、回転数を調整することにより、１台の機械設備で吹付けコンクリート用骨材に適した再生骨材（Ｓ／（Ｓ＋Ａ）の範囲が概ね０．６〜１）を容易に製造することができ、また回転式破砕混合機を用いて破砕した再生骨材の形状は角張っていないので、吹付け材料の配合設計が容易で施工性に優れ、吹付け作業時の閉塞等のトラブルを防止できる。 Range of recycled aggregates suitable for sprayed concrete aggregate (S / (S + A)) by using a rotary crushing mixer for crushing concrete blocks or asphalt blocks and adjusting the rotation speed 0.6-1) can be easily manufactured, and the shape of recycled aggregates crushed using a rotary crushing and mixing machine is not square, so the spraying material composition design is easy and workability Excellent and can prevent troubles such as blockage during spraying.
コンクリート塊もしくはアスファルト塊を破砕して得た破砕物又はそれらの混合物からなる再生骨材は河川砂利や砂などの天然材料と比較して吸水率が高いので、吹付け用コンクリートの調製、吹付け施工時に短時間に容易に最適な含水状態になるように、コンクリート塊もしくはアスファルト塊の破砕前、破砕中又は破砕後に散水することにより吸水させることが好ましい。 Recycled aggregate made of crushed concrete or asphalt lumps or a mixture of these has higher water absorption than natural materials such as river gravel and sand. It is preferable to absorb water by watering before, during or after crushing the concrete block or asphalt block so that the optimum water content can be easily obtained in a short time during construction.
本発明の吹付け用コンクリートは上記の吹付けコンクリート用骨材組成物と結合材と水とを含有するものであるが、そのような吹付け用コンクリートは、別の所でコンクリート塊もしくはアスファルト塊を破砕して得た破砕物又はそれらの混合物からなる再生骨材を、例えば切土法面やトンネル内部などの地山崩落を防止するために吹付け用コンクリートを吹付ける場所に移送し、現場で再生骨材とフライアッシュと結合材と水とを、再生骨材中の粒径５ｍｍ以下の細骨材の容積をＳとし、該再生骨材中の粒径５ｍｍを越える粗骨材の容積をＡとし、該フライアッシュの容積をＦとした時に（Ｓ＋Ｆ）／（Ｓ＋Ｆ＋Ａ）≧０．６なる条件を満足するように配合して調製しても、或いは吹付け用コンクリートを吹付ける現場で、コンクリート塊もしくはアスファルト塊を破砕して破砕物又はそれらの混合物からなる再生骨材を製造しながら、その再生骨材とフライアッシュと結合材と水とを、再生骨材中の粒径５ｍｍ以下の細骨材の容積をＳとし、該再生骨材中の粒径５ｍｍを越える粗骨材の容積をＡとし、該フライアッシュの容積をＦとした時に（Ｓ＋Ｆ）／（Ｓ＋Ｆ＋Ａ）≧０．６なる条件を満足するように配合して調製してもよい。後者の場合には、廃棄物の処理及び清掃に関する法律でいう「みずから処理」となり、産業廃棄物として受託業者に委託する必要がなくなる。 The shotcrete of the present invention contains the above-mentioned aggregate composition for shotcrete, a binder, and water, and such shotcrete is a concrete block or asphalt block at another place. Recycled aggregate consisting of crushed material obtained by crushing or a mixture thereof is transferred to a location where spray concrete is sprayed to prevent collapse of the ground such as a cut slope or inside a tunnel. In the recycled aggregate, fly ash, binder and water, and the volume of fine aggregate having a particle size of 5 mm or less in the recycled aggregate is S, and the volume of coarse aggregate exceeding 5 mm in the recycled aggregate. Where A is A and the volume of the fly ash is F and (S + F) / (S + F + A) ≧ 0.6 is prepared so as to satisfy the condition, or at the site where spray concrete is sprayed Concrete mass Alternatively, while producing a regenerated aggregate made of crushed material or a mixture thereof by crushing the asphalt lump, the regenerated aggregate, fly ash, binder and water are mixed with fine particles having a particle size of 5 mm or less in the regenerated aggregate. (S + F) / (S + F + A) ≧ 0.6 when the aggregate volume is S, the coarse aggregate volume exceeding 5 mm in the recycled aggregate is A, and the fly ash volume is F. You may mix | blend and prepare so that conditions may be satisfied. In the latter case, the waste disposal and cleaning laws are referred to as “waste processing”, and there is no need to entrust the contractor as industrial waste.
本発明の吹付けコンクリートに用いる結合材は、ＪＩＳに規定されている各種セメントの他、これらに高炉スラグ微粉末、フライアッシュ、シリカフュームなどの混和材を混合したものを用いることができる。また、単位水量を低減して吹付けコンクリートの品質を向上するために、高性能ＡＥ減水剤やＡＥ減水剤、ＡＥ剤などの混和剤を添加することができる。 As the binder used for the shotcrete of the present invention, in addition to various cements stipulated in JIS, those obtained by mixing them with admixtures such as blast furnace slag fine powder, fly ash and silica fume can be used. Moreover, in order to reduce unit water quantity and improve the quality of shotcrete, admixtures, such as a high performance AE water reducing agent, AE water reducing agent, and AE agent, can be added.
実施例
回転式破砕混合機を用い、回転数を９００ｒｐｍおよび１２００ｒｐｍとして、コンクリート塊を粒径１５ｍｍ以下に破砕した。この再生骨材のＳ／Ａは、回転数９００ｒｐｍで６７．３％、回転数１２００ｒｐｍで８３．１％であった。この再生骨材にフライアッシュを配合し、回転数９００ｒｐｍで製造した再生骨材においては（Ｓ＋Ｆ）／（Ｓ＋Ｆ＋Ａ）が７１．３％の吹付けコンクリート用骨材組成物（１）を、回転数１２００ｒｐｍで製造した再生骨材においては（Ｓ＋Ｆ）／（Ｓ＋Ｆ＋Ａ）が８４．２％および８５．２％の吹付けコンクリート用骨材組成物（２）および吹付けコンクリート用骨材組成物（３）を製造した。
Example The concrete lump was crushed to a particle size of 15 mm or less using a rotary crushing mixer at a rotation speed of 900 rpm and 1200 rpm. The S / A of this recycled aggregate was 67.3% at 900 rpm and 83.1% at 1200 rpm. In the recycled aggregate produced by blending fly ash with this recycled aggregate and manufactured at a rotational speed of 900 rpm, the aggregate composition for sprayed concrete (1) having (S + F) / (S + F + A) of 71.3% In the recycled aggregate produced at 1200 rpm, (S + F) / (S + F + A) is 84.2% and 85.2% aggregate composition for shotcrete (2) and aggregate composition for shotcrete (3) Manufactured.
上記の吹付けコンクリート用骨材組成物（１）１３４２ｋｇ／ｍ3、結合材４００ｋｇ／ｍ3および水２４０ｋｇ／ｍ3からなる吹付け用コンクリート（１）、吹付けコンクリート用骨材組成物（２）１３２６ｋｇ／ｍ3、結合材４００ｋｇ／ｍ3および水２４０ｋｇ／ｍ3からなる吹付け用コンクリート（２）、吹付けコンクリート用骨材組成物（３）１３２４ｋｇ／ｍ3、結合材４００ｋｇ／ｍ3および水２４０ｋｇ／ｍ3からなる吹付け用コンクリート（３）それぞれを、吹付け機を使用して吹付けた。吹付けコンクリート用骨材組成物の（Ｓ＋Ｆ）／（Ｓ＋Ｆ＋Ａ）が７１．３％、８４．２％、８５．２％の何れの場合にも問題なく吹付けることができた。 The above-mentioned shotcrete aggregate composition (1) 1342 kg / m 3 , binder concrete 400 kg / m 3 and water 240 kg / m 3 , concrete shot composition (2) ) 1326kg / m 3, the binder 400 kg / m 3 and for spraying concrete (2 consisting of water 240kg / m 3), spraying concrete aggregate composition (3) 1324kg / m 3, the binder 400 kg / m 3 Each of the spray concrete (3) consisting of 240 kg / m 3 of water was sprayed using a spray machine. It was able to be sprayed without any problem when (S + F) / (S + F + A) of the aggregate composition for shotcrete was 71.3%, 84.2%, or 85.2%.
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