JP5414685B2 - 複数の画像フレームを使用してパターンを読取るシステム、及び方法 - Google Patents
複数の画像フレームを使用してパターンを読取るシステム、及び方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本発明は、マシンビジョンを使用して、記号その他の所定のパターンを読取るシステム、及び方法に関する。
マシンビジョンシステムは、カメラセンサを含む画像取得装置を使用して、被写体に関する情報を配信する。その後システムは、種々のアルゴリズムに従ってこの情報を解釈し、事前に計画された判断、及び/又は識別機能を実施する。可視光、及び近可視光領域において画像をセンサによって最も効率的に取得するために、被写体は通常、光で照らされる。
本発明は、データセットをそれぞれ含む記号を当該記号の複数の画像フレームを使用して復号するシステム、及び方法を提供することにより、従来技術の欠点を克服するものであり、その結果、フレームをマルチ画像アプリケーションと組み合わせ、各フレームの最も読取り易い部分を1つに結合することが可能になる。また、1つの「最良」画像を選択する従来のシステムとは違い、例示的システム方法によれば、その結合された表現を使用して、元の記号の読み取り可能な完全な画像を形成することが可能になる。一実施形態において、それらのフレームの少なくとも一部は、撮像パラメタ(例えば、向き、レンズズーム、開口など)を変えることによって特徴付けることができる。他の実施形態において、複数の画像フレームは、同じパラメタを使用して取得され、各画像の最も読取り易い幾つかの要素が1つに結合され、それによって、電子ノイズ等によって画像に生じる固有の変化を克服する。
図3、及び図4は、本発明の一実施形態による、物体312上に配置された記号を読取るための例示的構成、及び関連手順を示している。この例では、記号は、従来の「2D」バーコードである。バーコード310は、部品312その他の部品/プロセスに関連する英数字データ(及び、他のデータタイプ)を含む。バーコードは、インク、塗料、又はエッチングプロセスを使用して付着されることができる。この例では、バーコード310は、概ね円筒形の部品の表面に付着されている。表面が円筒形であることから、バーコード310は、表面の種々の部分について光を様々に反射する。すなわち、バーコードに対して広角照明を直接行った場合、場所によって読取可能な部分も発生すれば、読取不能な部分(一般に、その理由は、これらの部分からは光が十分に反射されないからである)も発生する。例えば印刷されたバーコードの場合、バーコードの正面は、両サイドに比べて読取りやすいであろう。逆に、エッチング、又はピーニングされたバーコードは、狭角照明を使用して比較的有効に読取ることができ、特に、バーコードを垂直に読取る場合に有効に読取ることができる。しかしながら、バーコード310の中央にそのような狭角照明を行った場合、中央部は非常に読取り易くなり、両サイドはあまり読み取れなくなるであろう。この例において、記号読取装置320は、広角照明、及び/又は狭角照明、あるいは、広角照明と狭角照明の組み合わせを使用可能な照明装置322を備えた従来の携帯装置である。
Claims (24)
- 物体上のデータセットを表す記号を復号するシステムであって、
複数の画像フレームを撮影するように構成された単一の撮像装置を含む撮像アセンブリであって、前記複数の画像フレームのそれぞれが前記記号の一部を含む、撮像アセンブリと、
前記撮像アセンブリに接続され、前記記号の一部を含む複数の画像フレームのそれぞれを処理するように構成、及び配置されたマルチ撮像手順を含むプロセッサであって、前記複数の画像フレームのそれぞれが、複数の下位領域に分割される、プロセッサと
を含み、
前記マルチ撮像手順は、前記記号の一部を含む前記複数の画像フレームのうちの少なくとも一部から所定のコードデータを復号し、前記記号の一部を含む前記複数の画像フレームの少なくとも一部から得られた前記所定のコードデータを結合し、前記記号により表される前記データセットの復号可能バージョンを定義するようにさらに構成、及び配置され、
前記マルチ撮像手順は、前記記号の一部を含む隣り合う画像フレーム間において相互に重なり合う前記記号の部分の認識を通じて、前記記号の一部を含む前記複数の画像フレームの少なくとも一部から得られる前記所定のコードデータを1つに結合する、システム。 - 前記マルチ撮像手順は、前記複数の画像フレームについて前記所定のコードデータを復号する記号復号手順を含み、
前記マルチ撮像手順は、前記複数の画像フレームのそれぞれにおける前記所定のコードデータの結合が、前記記号により表されるデータセット全体を定義するか否かに基いて、前記記号の復号の成功、又は失敗を判断するようにさらに構成、及び配置される、請求項1に記載のシステム。 - 前記マルチ撮像手順は、前記複数の画像フレームのうちの、画像フレームの最大数以下の所定数の画像フレームが復号され、前記データセット全体が定義されたときに、前記記号の復号の成功を示すようにさらに構成、及び配置される、請求項2に記載のシステム。
- 前記複数の画像フレームの少なくとも1つが、前記複数の画像フレームのうちの他の画像フレームとは異なる別個の撮像パラメタによって特徴付けられる、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記撮像アセンブリは、前記記号に対する複数の異なる向きから前記画像フレームの少なくとも一部を取得するように構成、及び配置され、前記撮像パラメタは、前記複数の向きのそれぞれを含む、請求項4に記載のシステム。
- 前記撮像アセンブリは、携帯記号読取装置に配置される、請求項5に記載のシステム。
- 前記撮像アセンブリは、前記記号に対して異なる向きに配置された複数の撮像装置を含む、請求項5に記載のシステム。
- 前記記号は、実質的に静止した前記撮像アセンブリに対して移動し、前記画像フレームはそれぞれ、前記撮像アセンブリに対する複数の向きのそれぞれにおいて取得される、請求項5に記載のシステム。
- 前記撮像アセンブリは、向き以外の複数の所定の撮像パラメタのそれぞれに基いて、前記複数の画像の少なくとも一部を取得するように構成、及び配置される、請求項4に記載のシステム。
- 前記撮像パラメタは、レンズ焦点、レンズ開口、レンズズーム、照明タイプ、及び照明向きの中から少なくとも1つを含む、請求項9に記載のシステム。
- 物体上のデータセットを表す記号を復号する方法であって、
複数の画像フレームを取得するステップであって、前記複数の画像のそれぞれが、前記記号の一部を含み、前記複数の画像フレームのそれぞれが、複数の下位領域に分割される、複数の画像フレームを取得するステップと、
前記記号の一部を含む前記複数の画像フレームのそれぞれを処理し、前記記号の一部を含む前記複数の画像フレームのうちの少なくとも一部から所定のコードデータを復号し、前記記号の一部を含む前記複数の画像フレームのうちの少なくとも一部から得られた前記所定のコードデータを結合し、前記記号の一部を含む隣り合う画像フレーム間において相互に重なり合う前記記号の部分の認識を通じて、前記記号の一部を含む前記複数の画像フレームの少なくとも一部から得られる前記所定のコードデータを1つに結合することにより、前記記号により表される前記データセットを復号可能バージョンを定義するステップと
を含む方法。 - 前記処理するステップは、
前記複数の画像フレームのそれぞれにおいて前記所定のコードデータを復号し、前記複数の画像フレームのそれぞれにおける前記所定のコードデータの結合が、前記記号により表されるデータセット全体を十分に定義するか、又は十分に定義しないかにそれぞれ基いて、前記記号の復号の成功、又は失敗を判断することを含む、請求項11に記載の方法。 - 前記処理するステップは、
前記複数の画像フレームのうちの、画像フレームの最大数以下の所定数の画像フレームが復号され、前記データセット全体が定義されたときに、前記記号の復号の成功を示すことをさらに含む、請求項12に記載の方法。 - 前記画像フレームの少なくとも一部が、前記複数の画像フレームのうちの他の画像フレームとは異なる個々の撮像パラメタによって特徴付けられる、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記取得するステップは、前記記号に対して複数の異なる向きから前記画像フレームの少なくとも一部を含み、前記撮像パラメタは、前記複数の異なる向きのそれぞれを含む、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記取得するステップは、向き以外の複数の所定の撮像パラメタのそれぞれに基いて、前記複数の画像の少なくとも一部を取得することを含む、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記撮像パラメタは、レンズ焦点、レンズ開口、レンズズーム、照明タイプ、及び照明向きのうちの少なくとも1つを含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 物体上のデータセットを表す記号を復号するシステムであって、
前記記号の複数の画像フレームを撮影するように構成された単一の撮像装置を含む撮像アセンブリであって、前記記号の前記複数の画像フレームのそれぞれが、前記複数の画像フレームのうちの少なくとも1つの他の画像フレームとは異なる別個の撮像パラメタによって特徴付けられ、前記複数の画像フレームのうちの少なくとも1つの他の画像フレームとは別個の異なる画像パラメタが、前記撮像装置の向き以外のパラメタによって特徴付けられる、撮像アセンブリと、
前記撮像アセンブリに接続され、前記複数の画像フレームを複数の下位領域に分割することによって、前記記号の前記複数の画像フレームを処理するように構成、及び配置されたプロセッサと
を含み、
前記複数の画像フレームのうちの少なくとも1つが、もう一組の複数の画像フレームとは異なる別個の撮像パラメタによって特徴付けられ、
前記プロセッサは、前記複数の画像フレームの少なくとも一部から所定のコードデータを復号し、前記複数の画像フレームの少なくとも一部から得られた前記所定のコードデータを結合し、前記記号により表される前記データセットの復元可能バージョンを定義するようにさらに構成、及び配置される、システム。 - 前記プロセッサは、前記記号により表されるデータセットの復号可能バージョンとして特徴付けられる前記複数の下位領域の読取可能部分を得るために、前記画像フレームの前記撮像パラメタを変更するようにさらに構成される、請求項18に記載のシステム。
- 前記撮像装置は、前記記号の読取可能な特徴を得るために、前記複数の画像フレームの前記撮像パラメタを変更するようにさらに構成される、請求項19に記載のシステム。
- 前記撮像パラメタは、レンズ焦点、レンズ開口、レンズズーム、異なる色による照明、広角での照明、及び狭角での照明のうちの少なくとも1つを含む、請求項18に記載のシステム。
- 前記撮像装置は、単一の携帯記号読取装置上に配置された複数の撮像装置を含み、
前記複数の撮像装置のそれぞれが、もう一組の複数の撮像装置とは異なる撮像パラメタで撮影するように構成される、請求項18に記載のシステム。 - 前記撮像装置は、前記記号の複数の画像フレームを撮影するための単一の撮像装置を含むように構成され、前記記号の前記複数の画像フレームはそれぞれ、もう一組の複数の画像フレームとは異なる別個の撮像パラメタにより特徴付けられ、
前記もう一組の複数の画像フレームのうちの少なくとも1つとは異なる別個の撮像パラメタは、前記撮像装置の向き以外のパラメタにより特徴付けられる、請求項18に記載のシステム。 - 前記相互に重なり合う前記記号の部分は、所定の飽和特性を有する下位領域のヒストグラムの閾値から計算された複数の特徴に基いて決定される、請求項1に記載のシステム。
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