JP5409404B2 - Incineration ash treatment apparatus and incineration ash treatment method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an incineration ash treatment apparatus and an incineration ash treatment method, and more particularly to an incineration ash treatment apparatus and an incineration ash treatment method suitable for recycling incineration ash as a raw material for cement.

  Metals and chlorine contained in incineration ash become a problem when incineration ash is used as a raw material for cement. When the removal of the metal from the incineration ash is insufficient, the metal that has not been removed remains in the cement raw material as a foreign substance, which deteriorates the quality of the cement raw material. Since chlorine melts the reinforcing bars in reinforced concrete, the use of cement raw materials containing high concentrations of chlorine is limited to the field of unreinforced systems.

  Patent document 1 is disclosing the removal apparatus which removes a metal and chlorine from incineration ash. The removal device is an ash component having a relatively small specific gravity among the incinerated ash by washing (or pickling) chlorine in the incinerated ash held in the water (or acidic solution) in the water tank. The metal component having a relatively large specific gravity is removed from the outlet on the side wall of the water tank. The inside of the water tank is divided into two parts in a plan view, that is, a net chamber having an outlet opening and a plunger chamber in which a plunger is provided, and the net chamber and the lower part of the plunger chamber are connected by a water channel. Incineration ash is placed on a fixed net in the net room. The plunger moves the water in the water tank up and down the incineration ash in the net room up and down. Metal components on the net are discharged from the outlet after being pushed up by the dam.

  Patent Document 2 discloses a jig sorting device for crushed material. In the crushed material jig sorting apparatus, the crushed material supplied on the mesh conveyor belt moves in the water of the jig water tank. The crushed material is separated by specific gravity difference by the pulsation of jig water. The water flow in the direction opposite to the traveling direction of the mesh conveyor belt is given to the jig water. The light specific gravity portion of the crushed material is moved in the water flow direction by this water flow and discharged from the jig water tank. The portion of the heavy specific gravity of the crushed material is transported in the traveling direction by a mesh conveyor belt and discharged from the jig water tank.

Japanese Patent No. 3391371 Japanese Patent No. 2501769

  The objective of this invention is providing the incineration ash processing apparatus and incineration ash processing method for removing a metal from incineration ash.

  The means for solving the problem will be described below using the numbers used in the (DETAILED DESCRIPTION). These numbers are added to clarify the correspondence between the description of (Claims) and (Mode for Carrying Out the Invention). However, these numbers should not be used to interpret the technical scope of the invention described in (Claims).

  An incineration ash treatment apparatus according to the present invention includes a separation chamber (11) for storing water, a pulsation generator (40) for separating the incineration ash charged into the separation chamber by raising and lowering the water level in the separation chamber, and a specific gravity difference. And a belt conveyor (20). The belt (21) of the belt conveyor comprises a net. The belt forms a floor surface of the separation chamber. The separation chamber includes a lower layer outlet (17) disposed in water and upper layer outlets (14, 19) where water overflows. The lower layer outlet is formed between the lower end (16b) of the wall (16) of the separation chamber and the belt. The belt conveyor carries out a lower layer (93) as a deposited layer derived from the incinerated ash formed on the belt in the separation chamber from the lower layer outlet.

  The belt conveyor changes the moving speed of the belt.

  The incineration ash treatment apparatus further includes a first floating body (30A) disposed in the water of the separation chamber so as to be movable in the vertical direction. The belt conveyor changes the moving speed of the belt based on the position of the first floating body.

  The incineration ash treatment apparatus further includes an input device (25) for supplying the deposit forming the lower layer into the separation chamber.

  The separation chamber includes a middle layer outlet (18) provided at a position in water higher than the lower layer outlet and lower than the upper layer outlet. The incineration ash treatment apparatus further includes a screw conveyor (34) for delivering the middle layer (92) derived from the incineration ash formed on the lower layer in the separation chamber from the middle layer outlet.

  The incineration ash treatment apparatus is arranged in the water of the separation chamber so as to be movable in the vertical direction, and a gate (32) that moves up and down so that the height of the upper end of the middle layer outlet and the overflow weir height of the upper layer outlet change. And a second floating body (30B). Based on the position of the second floating body, the payout amount by the screw conveyor and the raising / lowering of the gate are controlled.

  The incineration ash treatment method according to the present invention includes a step of putting incineration ash into a separation chamber (11) storing water, a step of raising and lowering a water level in the separation chamber to separate the incineration ash by specific gravity, and the separation chamber Forming a lower layer (93) as a deposited layer derived from the incinerated ash on a belt (21) of a belt conveyor (20) forming a floor surface of the belt, and a lower layer outlet of the separation chamber disposed in water (17) The belt conveyor carries out the lower layer, and comprises the steps of overflowing water from the upper layer outlets (14, 19) of the separation chamber. The belt includes a net. The lower layer outlet is formed between the lower end (16a) of the wall (16) of the separation chamber and the belt.

  The incineration ash treatment method further includes a step of changing a moving speed of the belt.

  The step of changing the moving speed of the belt is executed based on the position of the first floating body (30A) disposed in the water of the separation chamber so as to be movable in the vertical direction.

  The incineration ash treatment method further includes a step of putting the deposit forming the lower layer into the separation chamber.

  The step of forming the lower layer is executed with the belt conveyor stopped.

  The incineration ash treatment method further includes a step of introducing metal-containing ash into the separation chamber in a state where the belt conveyor is stopped, and a step of forming a deposit layer of the metal-containing ash on the stopped belt. . The step of introducing the metal-containing ash and the step of forming the deposited layer of the metal-containing ash are performed before the step of introducing the incinerated ash.

The incineration ash treatment method includes a step of forming the middle layer (92) derived from the incineration ash on the lower layer in the separation chamber, and a position in water that is higher than the lower layer outlet and lower than the upper layer outlet. And a step of discharging the middle layer from the middle layer outlet (18) of the separation chamber.

  The incineration ash treatment method is based on the height of the upper end of the middle layer outlet and the overflow of the upper layer outlet based on the position of the second floating body (30B) disposed in the water of the separation chamber so as to be movable in the vertical direction. The method further includes the step of changing the weir height and the amount of payout from the middle layer outlet.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the incineration ash processing apparatus and incineration ash processing method for removing a metal from incineration ash are provided.

FIG. 1 is a front view of the incineration ash treatment apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side view of the incineration ash treatment apparatus according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the lower layer discharge control system of the incineration ash treatment apparatus according to the first embodiment. FIG. 4 is a side view of the vicinity of the upper layer outlet and the middle layer outlet of the incineration ash treatment apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the upper middle layer discharge control system of the incineration ash treatment apparatus according to the second embodiment.

  With reference to an accompanying drawing, a form for carrying out an incineration ash processing device and an incineration ash processing method by the present invention is explained below.

(First embodiment)
With reference to FIG. 1, the incineration ash treatment apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a separation chamber 11, a belt 21, and a pulsation generator 40. The pulsation generator 40 includes an intake / exhaust chamber 12, a water supply device (not shown), and an intake / exhaust device (not shown). Water is stored in the separation chamber 11 and the intake / exhaust chamber 12. The lower part of the separation chamber 11 and the intake / exhaust chamber 12 are connected by a water channel. A water supply device (not shown) supplies water, the hydrogen ion concentration of which is adjusted as necessary, to the separation chamber 11 via the intake / exhaust chamber 12. The intake / exhaust device (not shown) performs intake / exhaust with respect to the space above the water surface in the intake / exhaust chamber 12 and raises / lowers the water level in the separation chamber 11. Thereby, an ascending water flow and a descending water flow are alternately generated in the separation chamber 11. The pulsation generator 40 may raise and lower the water level in the separation chamber 11 using a plunger instead of an intake / exhaust device (not shown). The belt 21 includes a net, and a part of the belt 21 forms the floor surface of the separation chamber 11. The belt 21 may be referred to as a movable net. An upper layer 91, a middle layer 92, and a lower layer 93 derived from incineration ash are formed on the belt 21 in the separation chamber 11 as described later.

  With reference to FIG. 2, the incineration ash treatment apparatus according to the first embodiment includes an incineration ash charging apparatus 10 and a belt conveyor 20. The belt conveyor 20 includes the above-described belt 21 and a belt driving device 22. The belt driving device 22 moves the belt 21 so that a specific portion of the belt 21 moves in the water from the rear position 13 to the front position 15, temporarily returns to the water, returns to the water again, moves in the water, and returns to the rear position 13. 21 is driven. A portion between the rear position 13 and the front position 15 of the belt 21 forms the floor surface of the separation chamber 11. The separation chamber 11 includes an upper middle layer outlet 14 provided at the rear position 13, a wall 16 and a lower layer outlet 17 provided at the front position 15. The water in the separation chamber 11 overflows from the upper middle layer outlet 14 and is discharged. The wall 16 includes a wall upper end 16a protruding on the water surface and a wall lower end 16b disposed in the water. The lower layer outlet 17 is formed between the wall lower end 16 b and the belt 21. Accordingly, the lower layer outlet 17 is disposed in the water.

  An incineration ash treatment method using the incineration ash treatment apparatus according to the first embodiment will be described below. The incineration ash input device 10 inputs incineration ash into the water in the separation chamber 11. The pulsation generator 40 raises and lowers the water level in the separation chamber 11. As a result, the incinerated ash is washed and separated by a specific gravity difference to form an upper layer 91, a middle layer 92, and a lower layer 93 in the separation chamber 11. Chlorine moves from incineration ash to water by washing. The lower layer 93 is formed as a deposited layer on the belt 21 in the separation chamber 11. The middle layer 92 is formed as a deposition layer or a suspension layer on the lower layer 93 in the separation chamber 11. The upper layer 91 is formed as a deposition layer or a suspension layer on the middle layer 92 in the separation chamber 11. The lower layer 93 is formed of metal-containing ash containing a large amount of metal. The middle layer 92 contains a lot of coarse ash. The upper layer 91 contains a lot of fine ash. The belt conveyor 20 unloads the lower layer 93 from the lower layer outlet 17 to the outside of the separation chamber 11 and lifts it from the water, and then transfers the metal-containing ash forming the lower layer 93 to the subsequent process. The wall 16 prevents the upper layer 91 and the middle layer 92 from being carried out from the lower layer outlet 17 together with the lower layer 93. The upper layer 91 and the middle layer 92 are discharged out of the separation chamber 11 together with the overflow of water from the upper middle layer outlet 14 as metal removal ash. The metal-removed ash is used as a cement raw material after being washed as necessary for removing chlorine.

  According to this embodiment, a metal is removed from incineration ash.

  Here, if the thickness of the lower layer 93 is smaller than the distance between the wall lower end 16 b and the belt 21, the middle layer 92 is carried out from the lower layer outlet 17 together with the lower layer 93. If the lower layer 93 is very thin, the ash will not be held by the lower layer 93, so that the amount of ash falling from the mesh of the belt 21 forming the floor surface of the separation chamber 11 increases. As a result, the yield of ash to be used as a cement raw material is lowered, and the metal concentration of the metal-containing ash carried out from the lower layer outlet 17 by the belt conveyor 20 is lowered. In recent years, the separation of garbage has progressed, and the amount of metal contained in incineration ash has decreased. Therefore, the importance of controlling the thickness of the lower layer 93 is increasing.

  In order to control the thickness of the lower layer 93 to an intended thickness, the following items may be added to the incineration ash treatment apparatus and the incineration ash treatment method according to the present embodiment. The following items can be added individually or in appropriate combinations.

  The operator changes the moving speed of the belt 21 to the belt conveyor 20 based on the metal concentration of the metal-containing ash carried out from the lower layer outlet 17 by the belt conveyor 20. The metal concentration is determined visually or by other methods. When the metal concentration is low, the belt driving device 22 moves the belt 21 slowly. When the metal concentration is high, the belt driving device 22 moves the belt 21 quickly.

  The incineration ash treatment device according to the present embodiment may include a metal-containing ash charging device 25. Based on the metal concentration of the metal-containing ash carried out from the lower layer outlet 17, the operator causes the metal-containing ash feeding device 25 to put a part of the metal-containing ash carried out from the lower layer outlet 17 into the separation chamber 11. When the metal concentration is low, the metal-containing ash charging device 25 charges a large amount of metal-containing ash into the separation chamber 11. When the metal concentration is high, the metal-containing ash charging device 25 inputs a small amount or no metal-containing ash into the separation chamber 11.

  The incineration ash treatment apparatus according to this embodiment may include the lower layer discharge control system shown in FIG. The lower layer discharge control system includes a float 30 </ b> A, a float level sensor 31 </ b> A, a belt driving device 22, and a belt 21. As shown in FIG. 2, the float 30 </ b> A is a floating body disposed in the water of the separation chamber 11 so as to be freely movable in the vertical direction. The specific gravity (mass / volume) of the float 30 </ b> A is adjusted so that the float 30 </ b> A is positioned between the lower layer 93 and the middle layer 92. The float level sensor 31A detects the vertical position of the float 30A. The belt driving device 22 changes the moving speed of the belt 21 based on the vertical position of the float 30A. When the position of the float 30A is low, the belt driving device 22 moves the belt 21 slowly. When the position of the float 30A is high, the belt driving device 22 moves the belt 21 quickly.

  It is also effective to start the incineration ash treatment after forming a sufficiently thick metal-containing ash accumulation layer on the belt 21 in the separation chamber 11 with the belt conveyor 20 stopped. For example, in a state where the belt conveyor 20 is stopped, metal-containing ash given from the outside is put into the separation chamber 11, and a deposited layer of metal-containing ash is formed on the stopped belt 21. When the deposit layer of the metal-containing ash becomes sufficiently thick, the incineration ash injection device 10 starts to input the incineration ash, the pulsation generator 40 starts to raise and lower the water level in the separation chamber 11, and the belt conveyor 20 starts to carry out. To do. Further, the lower layer 93 may be formed as described above in a state where the belt conveyor 20 is stopped, and the unloading by the belt conveyor 20 may be started after the lower layer 93 is sufficiently thick.

  Further, the present invention removes metal from the incineration ash using the specific gravity difference. Among the incineration ash having the same specific gravity, the smaller the particle size, the lower the particle size. Deposits upward. Since the chlorine concentration tends to be higher as the particle size is smaller, the chlorine concentration of the middle layer 92 is lower than that of the upper layer 91. Therefore, if the upper layer 91 and the middle layer 92 can be separated and taken out from the separation chamber 11, the coarse ash forming the middle layer 92 can be used as a cement raw material by simply washing. Hereinafter, the incineration ash treatment apparatus and the incineration ash treatment method that can separate the upper layer 91 and the middle layer 92 from the separation chamber 11 will be described.

(Second Embodiment)
The incineration ash treatment device and the incineration ash treatment method according to the second embodiment of the present invention are the same as the incineration ash treatment device and the incineration ash treatment method according to the first embodiment, except for the following description. With reference to FIG. 4, the incineration ash treatment apparatus according to the second embodiment includes a screw conveyor 34. The screw conveyor 34 includes a screw 35 and a screw driving device 36 described later. The separation chamber 11 includes a middle layer outlet 18 and an upper layer outlet 19 provided at the rear position 13. The water in the separation chamber 11 overflows from the upper layer outlet 19 and is discharged. The middle layer outlet 18 is provided at a position in water higher than the lower layer outlet 17 and lower than the upper layer outlet 19. The screw conveyor 34 pays out the middle layer 92 from the middle layer outlet 18 to the outside of the separation chamber 11. The upper layer 91 is discharged out of the separation chamber 11 along with the overflow of water from the upper layer outlet 19.

  According to this embodiment, it is possible to separate the upper layer 91 and the middle layer 92 from the separation chamber 11.

  The incineration ash treatment apparatus according to this embodiment may include the upper middle layer discharge control system shown in FIG. The upper middle layer discharge control system includes a float 30B, a float level sensor 31B, a gate drive device 33, a separation point adjustment gate 32, a screw drive device 36, and a screw 35. As shown in FIG. 4, the float 30 </ b> B is a floating body that is disposed in the water of the separation chamber 11 so as to be freely movable in the vertical direction. The specific gravity (mass / volume) of the float 30 </ b> B is adjusted so that the float 30 </ b> B is positioned between the upper layer 91 and the middle layer 92. The specific gravity of the float 30B is smaller than the specific gravity of the float 30A. As shown in FIG. 4, the separation point adjustment gate 32 is provided in the separation chamber 11 so as to be movable up and down. The height of the gate upper end 32 a of the separation point adjustment gate 32 determines the overflow weir height of the upper layer outlet 19. The height of the lower end 32b of the separation point adjusting gate 32 determines the height and opening area of the upper end of the middle layer outlet 18.

  The float level sensor 31B detects the vertical position of the float 30B. The gate drive device 33 controls the raising and lowering of the separation point adjustment gate 32 based on the vertical position of the float 30B. Thereby, the height and opening area of the upper end of the middle layer outlet 18 and the overflow weir height of the upper layer outlet 19 change. The screw drive device 36 changes the rotational speed of the screw 35 based on the vertical position of the float 30B. Thereby, the amount of payout by the screw conveyor 34 changes. When the position of the float 30B is low, the gate driving device 33 lowers the separation point adjusting gate 32, and the screw driving device 36 decreases the rotational speed of the screw 35. As a result, the height of the overflow weir at the upper layer outlet 19 is lowered, the height of the upper end of the middle layer outlet 18 is lowered, the opening area is reduced, and the discharge amount of the screw conveyor 34 is reduced. When the position of the float 30B is high, the gate driving device 33 raises the separation point adjusting gate 32, and the screw driving device 36 increases the rotation speed of the screw 35. As a result, the height of the overflow weir at the upper layer outlet 19 is increased, the height of the upper end of the middle layer outlet 18 is increased, the opening area is increased, and the discharge amount of the screw conveyor 34 is increased. Such control makes it more reliable to separate the upper layer 91 and the middle layer 92 from the separation chamber 11.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Incineration ash injection apparatus 11 ... Separation chamber 12 ... Inlet / exhaust chamber 13 ... Back position 14 ... Upper middle layer outlet 15 ... Front position 16 ... Wall 16a ... Wall upper end 16b ... Wall lower end 17 ... Lower layer outlet 18 ... Middle layer outlet 19 ... Upper layer outlet 20 ... belt conveyor 21 ... belt 22 ... belt driving device 25 ... metal-containing ash charging device 30A, 30B ... float 31A, 31B ... float level sensor 32 ... separation point adjusting gate 32a ... gate upper end 32b ... gate lower end 33 ... gate Drive device 34 ... Screw conveyor 35 ... Screw 36 ... Screw drive device 40 ... Pulsation generator 91 ... Upper layer 92 ... Middle layer 93 ... Lower layer

Claims (14)

A separation chamber for storing water,
A pulsation generator for separating the incinerated ash charged into the separation chamber by raising and lowering the water level in the separation chamber, and separating the specific gravity difference;
Belt conveyor,
The belt of the belt conveyor includes a net,
The belt forms the floor of the separation chamber;
The separation chamber includes a lower layer outlet disposed in water and an upper layer outlet overflowing with water,
The lower layer outlet is formed between the lower end of the separation chamber wall and the belt;
The incinerator ash treatment apparatus, wherein the belt conveyor carries out a lower layer as a deposit layer derived from the incinerated ash formed on the belt in the separation chamber from the lower layer outlet. The incineration ash treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the belt conveyor changes a moving speed of the belt. A first movable body disposed in the water of the separation chamber so as to be movable in the vertical direction;
The incineration ash treatment apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the belt conveyor changes a moving speed of the belt based on a position of the first floating body. The incineration ash treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising an input device that inputs the deposit forming the lower layer into the separation chamber. The separation chamber includes a middle layer outlet provided at a position in water higher than the lower layer outlet and lower than the upper layer outlet,
The incineration ash treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a screw conveyor that delivers the middle layer derived from the incineration ash formed on the lower layer in the separation chamber from the middle layer outlet. A gate that moves up and down so that the height of the upper end of the middle layer outlet and the overflow weir height of the upper layer outlet change,
A second floating body disposed in the water of the separation chamber so as to be freely movable in the vertical direction;
The incineration ash treatment device according to claim 5, wherein the amount of payout by the screw conveyor and the raising and lowering of the gate are controlled based on the position of the second floating body. Putting incineration ash into a separation chamber storing water;
Elevating and lowering the water level in the separation chamber to separate the incineration ash by specific gravity difference;
Forming a lower layer as a deposited layer derived from the incinerated ash on a belt having a belt conveyor net forming a floor surface of the separation chamber;
A step in which the belt conveyor carries out the lower layer from a lower layer outlet formed between the lower end of the wall of the separation chamber and the belt, which is disposed in water;
An incineration ash treatment method comprising: overflowing water from an upper layer outlet of the separation chamber. The incineration ash treatment method according to claim 7, further comprising a step of changing a moving speed of the belt. The incineration ash treatment method according to claim 8, wherein the step of changing a moving speed of the belt is executed based on a position of a first floating body that is disposed in the water of the separation chamber so as to be movable in the vertical direction. The incinerated ash treatment method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, further comprising a step of throwing the deposit forming the lower layer into the separation chamber. The incinerated ash treatment method according to any one of claims 7 to 10, wherein the step of forming the lower layer is executed in a state where the belt conveyor is stopped. Throwing metal-containing ash into the separation chamber with the belt conveyor stopped;
Forming a deposited layer of the metal-containing ash on the stopped belt,
The incineration according to any one of claims 7 to 10, wherein the step of introducing the metal-containing ash and the step of forming the deposited layer of the metal-containing ash are performed before the step of injecting the incineration ash. Ash processing method. Forming a middle layer derived from the incinerated ash on the lower layer in the separation chamber;
The incineration ash according to any one of claims 7 to 12, further comprising a step of discharging the middle layer from a middle layer outlet of the separation chamber provided at a position in water that is higher than the lower layer outlet and lower than the upper layer outlet. Processing method. Based on the position of the second floating body disposed in the water of the separation chamber so as to be freely movable in the vertical direction, the height of the upper end of the middle layer outlet, the overflow weir height of the upper layer outlet, and the height from the middle layer outlet The incinerated ash treatment method according to claim 13, further comprising a step of changing a payout amount.

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