JP5408007B2 - Stepped shaft member manufacturing apparatus and stepped shaft member manufacturing method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a stepped shaft member manufacturing apparatus and a stepped shaft member manufacturing method for manufacturing a stepped shaft member having stepped portions having different radial dimensions.

  Many methods of manufacturing a stepped shaft member have been proposed, and are described, for example, in Patent Document 1 below. The manufacturing method of the stepped shaft member described in the following Patent Document 1 is a manufacturing method of the stepped cylindrical member, and as shown in FIG. 12, in the state where the cylindrical member 120 is rotated around the axial center O1, The roller 110 is pressed against the cylindrical member 120 from the radial direction, and the cylindrical member 120 is moved to the right side of FIG. Then, by changing the pressing position by the roller 110 as shown by the phantom line in FIG. 12, as shown in FIG. 13, a stepped cylindrical member 120A having a stepped portion 120b having a different diameter is manufactured.

  By the way, in recent years, a method of controlling the moving speed of a roller, that is, the processing speed, has been proposed as a plastic processing method for drawing a workpiece, which is a workpiece, using a roller. This plastic working method is described in, for example, Patent Document 2 below, and measures a load acting on a spindle that rotates a workpiece and controls a machining speed based on the measured load. For this reason, when the measured load exceeds a predetermined value, the load acting on the workpiece and the roller can be reduced by reducing the machining speed. As a result, it is not necessary to have a device configuration capable of withstanding high loads, and this device can be configured at low cost.

JP 2002-292432 A JP 2008-132502 A

  In the manufacturing method of the stepped cylindrical member of Patent Document 1, generally, before the stepped portion 120b is formed, the pressing surface 110a that presses the cylindrical member 120 out of the surface of the roller 110 with respect to the axial center O1 of the cylindrical member 120. Processing conditions such as an inclination angle α (hereinafter referred to as “roller angle α”), a radial pressing position β by the roller 110 (hereinafter referred to as “cutting amount β”), a processing speed, and the like are appropriately set ( (See FIG. 14). For this reason, before the stepped portion 120b is formed, the peripheral surface 120a of the cylindrical member 120 does not rise due to the pressing of the roller 110. However, after the stepped portion 120b is formed, the cutting amount β becomes larger than before the stepped portion 120b is formed, and the processing conditions change, so that the material to be cut hardly flows in the axial direction. As a result, as shown in FIG. 14, a swell 120x is generated on the peripheral surface 120a of the cylindrical member 120, and the axial load acting on the cylindrical member 120 from the pressing surface 110a may increase.

  Therefore, conventionally, by setting the roller angle α to a relatively small angle, the material to be cut easily flows in the axial direction, and prevents the swell 120x from occurring after the stepped portion 120b is formed. . However, in this case, since the roller angle α is set to a relatively small angle, the contact area S (see FIG. 14) of the pressing surface 110a with the cylindrical member 120 is large before the stepped portion 120b is formed. For this reason, the rotational torque which acts on a material rotating shaft (cylindrical member 120) became large, and the load which acts on a material rotating shaft was large. In addition, when the load which acts on a material rotating shaft is large, it is necessary to set it as the apparatus structure which can endure a high load, and an apparatus becomes expensive.

  Here, if the above-mentioned Patent Document 2 for controlling the processing speed is applied to the manufacturing method of the stepped cylindrical member in Patent Document 1, the axial direction of the roller 110 or the cylindrical member 120 is formed after the stepped portion 120b is formed. It is conceivable to reduce the moving speed of. In this case, the material to be cut easily flows in the axial direction, an increase in the axial load acting on the cylindrical member 120 from the pressing surface 110a can be suppressed, and the above-described rise can be suppressed or prevented. However, in this case, since the moving speed in the axial direction of the roller 110 or the cylindrical member 120 is reduced, a new problem that the processing time becomes longer occurs.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention manufactures a stepped shaft member capable of reducing a load acting on a material rotating shaft and suppressing or preventing swell while preventing an increase in processing time. An object is to provide a device and a method for manufacturing a stepped shaft member.

  The manufacturing apparatus for a stepped shaft member according to the present invention is a state in which a rotation support unit that rotatably supports a shaft member that is a workpiece to be rotated around an axis center, and a roller that presses the shaft member from the radial direction is rotatable. Processing means for supporting the roller, pressing position adjusting means for adjusting the pressing position in the radial direction by the roller, processing position adjusting means for adjusting the processing position in the axial direction of the roller and the shaft member, and the rotation supporting means. And a control means for controlling the pressing position adjusting means and the processing position adjusting means, and changing the pressing position by the roller while moving the processing position relative to the rotating shaft member and the roller in the axial direction. A stepped shaft member having step portions having different dimensions is manufactured, and a load detecting means for detecting an axial load during processing acting on the shaft member or the roller, Tilting means for adjusting an inclination angle of the pressing surface for pressing the shaft member with respect to the shaft center of the shaft member by tilting a rotation shaft of the roller, and the control means is detected by the load detecting means. The tilt angle of the pressing surface is adjusted by controlling the driving of the tilting means based on the axial load thus applied.

  In the stepped shaft member manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, the control means reduces the inclination angle of the pressing surface based on an increase in the axial load detected by the load detection means. It is preferable that In particular, the control means maintains an inclination angle on the pressing surface when the axial load is equal to or less than a predetermined load value or when the load increase rate of the axial load is smaller than a predetermined load increase rate, and the axial direction When the load increase rate of the load is equal to or greater than the predetermined load increase rate, it is preferable that the inclination angle on the pressing surface is reduced.

  Further, in the stepped shaft member manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, the processing means has a roller support that has a gear on the outer surface and supports the rotation shaft of the roller, and a housing that supports the roller support in a tiltable manner. The tilting means may include a pinion that meshes with a gear of the roller support and a motor that rotates the pinion.

  Further, the manufacturing apparatus for a stepped shaft member according to the present invention includes a punch that forms a hole in a shaft center portion of the shaft member that is solid, and is disposed coaxially with the shaft member, and the punch is rotated while the punch is rotated. It is preferable that a hole punching unit is provided to be pushed into the shaft center portion of the shaft member, the surface of the shaft member is surface processed by the roller, and the shaft center portion of the shaft member is punched by the punch.

The method of manufacturing a stepped shaft member according to the present invention includes pressing the roller against the shaft member from the radial direction in a state where the shaft member that is a workpiece is rotated around the shaft center, and the shaft member and A stepped shaft member having step portions with different radial dimensions is manufactured by relatively moving the roller in the axial direction and changing a pressing position by the roller, and acts on the shaft member or the roller. A load detecting means for detecting an axial load during processing and an inclination angle of the pressing surface for pressing the shaft member with respect to the shaft center of the surface of the roller by adjusting the rotation axis of the roller. and tilting means are provided, so that the inclination angle decreases in the pressing surface by driving the tilting means based on the increase in the axial load detected by the load detecting means It is characterized in that integer.

  In this case, it is preferable to reduce the inclination angle on the pressing surface based on the increase in the axial load detected by the load detecting means. Also, a punch that forms a hole in the shaft center portion of the shaft member that is solid is disposed coaxially with the shaft member, and a punching means that pushes into the shaft center portion of the shaft member while rotating the punch is provided. Preferably, the surface of the shaft member is surface-processed by the roller, and the shaft center portion of the shaft member is punched by the punch.

  Therefore, according to the present invention, before the step portion is formed on the shaft member, the swell is generated by setting the inclination angle (roller angle) on the pressing surface to a relatively large angle and appropriately setting the processing conditions. In such a situation, the load acting on the material rotation shaft can be reduced. After the step is formed on the shaft member, even if the cutting amount increases and the processing conditions change, the inclination angle (roller angle) on the pressing surface is adjusted to be relatively small, so Can be suppressed or prevented. That is, after the step is formed on the shaft member, the swell can be suppressed or prevented by a method different from the method of reducing the processing speed. Accordingly, it is possible to reduce the load acting on the material rotation shaft and to suppress or prevent the swell while preventing the processing time from increasing. In addition, since the load acting on the material rotation shaft can be reduced, it is not necessary to have a device configuration capable of withstanding a high load, and this device can be configured at low cost.

It is the whole block diagram which showed the manufacturing apparatus and shaft member of the stepped shaft member in 1st Embodiment. It is an operation explanatory view when a roller angle is α1 before a step is formed. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing when a step part is formed and a roller angle is (alpha) 1. It is an operation explanatory view when the roller angle is α1 after the step portion is formed. It is an operation explanatory view when the roller angle is set from α1 to α2 after the stepped portion is formed. It is an operation explanatory view when the roller angle is α2 after the step portion is formed. It is the figure which showed the relationship between the axial load which acts on a shaft member, and time when changing a roller angle. It is the figure which showed the relationship between the ratio of the diameter of the site | part which the swell generate | occur | produces with respect to the diameter of a shaft member, and time when changing a roller angle. It is the figure which showed the relationship between the rotational torque which acts on a roller, and time when changing a roller angle. It is the flowchart which showed the routine which an electronic controller performs in order to make a roller angle small. It is the whole block diagram which showed the manufacturing apparatus and cylindrical member of the stepped shaft member in 2nd Embodiment. In the manufacturing method of the conventional stepped shaft member, it is a perspective view when a stepped cylindrical member is manufactured. It is the side view which showed the stepped cylindrical member manufactured in the manufacturing method of the conventional stepped shaft member. In the conventional manufacturing method of a stepped shaft member, it is a figure when a bulge generate | occur | produces in the surrounding surface of a cylindrical member.

  Next, an embodiment of a stepped shaft member manufacturing apparatus and a stepped shaft member manufacturing method according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a step forming device 10 (hereinafter referred to as “device 10”) as a processing means, a shaft member 20 as a workpiece, a punch 30 as a drilling means, and electronic control as a control means. It is the whole block diagram which showed the relationship of the apparatus 40 grade | etc.,. The apparatus 10 includes an inclination angle α on the pressing surface 11a of the roller 11, that is, an inclination angle α (hereinafter referred to as “roller angle”) of the pressing surface 11a that presses the shaft member 20 on the surface of the roller 11 with respect to the shaft center O1. (referred to as “α”). Therefore, a specific configuration of the apparatus 10 will be described.

  The roller 11 is for surface-processing the peripheral surface 20a of the shaft member 20, and is tool steel. The roller 11 is assembled to a roller rotation shaft 15 extending in the left-right direction in FIG. 1 via a bearing 14 and is rotatable around the roller rotation shaft 15. The pressing surface 11a of the roller 11 is for pressing the peripheral surface 20a of the shaft member 20, and is a frustoconical peripheral surface. Both ends of the roller rotating shaft 15 are supported by a roller support 16. The roller support 16 covers the upper part of the roller 11 and is formed in a dome shape. The back portion 16a of the roller support 16 is assembled to the housing 12 via a support pin 13 extending in a direction orthogonal to the left-right direction in FIG. 1 and the up-down direction in FIG. As a result, the roller 11 can tilt with respect to the housing 12 about an axis O2 extending in a direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction in FIG. 1 and the vertical direction in FIG.

  The housing 12 is configured to be movable in the vertical direction in FIG. 1 by an actuator 18 as a pressing position adjusting means. The actuator 18 is for adjusting the radial pressing position by the roller 11, and is an actuator such as a hydraulic cylinder, for example. A distance β in the radial direction between the lower end 11b of the pressing surface 11a and the peripheral surface 20a of the shaft member 20 (hereinafter referred to as a “cutting amount β”) as the housing 12 and the roller 11 move in the vertical direction. Is adjusted.

  The electric motor 17 as the tilting means is for tilting the roller rotating shaft 15. The electric motor 17 is fixed to the housing 12 and connected to the electronic control unit 40. A pinion 17b is coupled to the motor shaft 17a of the electric motor 17 so as to be integrally rotatable. The pinion 17b and a gear 16c provided on the outer surface 16b of the roller support 16 are engaged with each other. For this reason, in the manufacturing apparatus for the stepped shaft member, the motor shaft 17a is rotated by the drive of the electric motor 17, and the roller support 16 and the roller 11 are tilted around the axis O2. It is configured to be adjustable.

  Next, the shaft member 20 and the rotational movement device 21 as the rotation support means and the pressing position adjustment means will be described. The shaft member 20 is, for example, steel and is a solid round bar extending in the axial direction. The shaft member 20 may be aluminum or iron. The rotational movement device 21 is for rotating and supporting the shaft member 20 around the shaft center O1 and adjusting the machining position of the roller 11 and the shaft member 20 in the axial direction. The rotational movement device 21 uses a chuck 22 to hold the shaft member 20. For example, an actuator (not shown) such as a hydraulic cylinder that moves the shaft member 20 in the axial direction and the shaft member 20 with the shaft center O <b> 1. It has a motor (not shown) that rotates around. These actuators and motors are connected to the electronic control device 40 and controlled by the electronic control device 40. This rotational movement device 21 moves the shaft member 20 from the left side to the right side in FIG. 1 at a constant movement speed V in a state where the shaft member 20 rotates around the axis center O1 at a predetermined rotation speed. It is configured.

  Next, the punch 30 as the punching means and the rotating device 31 that rotates the punch 30 will be described. The punch 30 is for forming a hole 20c (see FIG. 2) in the shaft center portion 20b of the shaft member 20. The punch 30 is tool steel, is a cylindrical body with a sharp tip, and is disposed coaxially with the shaft member 20. The rotating device 31 has, for example, a motor (not shown) that rotates the punch 30 around the axis center O1, and rotates the punch 30 at the same rotational speed and in the same rotational direction as the shaft member 20. As described above, when the shaft member 20 moves in the axial direction with respect to the punch 30, the hole 30 c is formed in the shaft member 20 by the punch 30 being pushed into the shaft center portion 20 b of the shaft member 20.

  In the first embodiment, the shaft member 20 is processed by a so-called spin extrusion method. In the spin extrusion method, when the roller 11 and the punch 30 and the shaft member 20 move relative to each other in the axial direction in a state where the shaft member 20 rotates around the axis center O1 and the punch 30 rotates around the axis center O1, This is a processing method in which the peripheral surface (surface) 20 a of the member 20 is processed by the roller 11 and the shaft center portion 20 b of the shaft member 20 is punched by the punch 30. By this spin extrusion method, a hollow pipe whose outer diameter and inner diameter are set to predetermined values is manufactured in one step.

  Next, the load detection sensor 32, the rotation angle sensor 33, and the electronic control unit 40 will be described. The load detection sensor 32 as a load detection means is for detecting an axial load F acting on the shaft member 20 from the roller 11 and the punch 30. The load detection sensor 32 is attached to the chuck 22. When the increase in the axial load F is large, a swell (see FIG. 14) occurs on the peripheral surface 20a of the shaft member 20, as will be described later. The rotation angle sensor 33 is for detecting the rotation angle θ of the motor shaft 17a. The detected axial load F and rotation angle θ are input to the electronic control unit 40. The electronic control device 40 controls the actuator 18, the rotational movement device 21, and the electric motor 17.

  Here, a process before the step portion 20e is formed on the shaft member 20 will be described. First, the tilting amount of the roller 11 is adjusted by the electric motor 17 so that the roller angle α becomes α1, and the actuator 18 has a radial pressing position by the roller 11 so that the cutting amount β becomes β1. It is adjusted by. As shown in FIG. 2, the peripheral surface 20 a of the shaft member 20 is pressed by the pressing surface 11 a of the roller 11, and the first peripheral surface portion 20 d is formed on the shaft member 20. Further, the shaft center portion 20 b of the shaft member 20 is pushed into the punch 30, and a hole 20 c is formed in the shaft member 20. The processing conditions such as the roller angle α1, the cut amount β1, and the axial movement speed V of the shaft member 20 are such that the circumferential surface 20a of the shaft member 20 is formed before the step portion 20e (see FIG. 3) is formed on the shaft member 20. It is set appropriately so that swell does not occur.

  Then, the process in which the step part 20e is formed in the shaft member 20 is demonstrated. As shown in FIG. 3, the radial pressing position by the roller 11 is adjusted by the actuator 18 so that the cut amount β becomes β2 larger than β1. That is, the pressing surface 11a of the roller 11 moves in the radially inward direction from the first peripheral surface portion 20d. Thereby, the stepped pipe 20A having the stepped portion 20e having a different radial dimension is manufactured. The manufactured stepped pipe 20A is used for a gear shaft of a transaxle of an automobile, for example.

  By the way, after the stepped portion 20e is formed on the shaft member 20, the cutting amount β becomes larger than before the stepped portion 20e is formed, the machining conditions are changed, and the material to be cut is changed in the axial direction. It becomes difficult to flow. As a result, an increase in the axial load F acting on the shaft member 20 from the pressing surface 11a is large, and the peripheral surface 20a of the shaft member 20 may be raised.

  Therefore, in the first embodiment, after the step portion 20e is formed, the electric motor 17 causes the tilt amount of the roller 11 to be set to α2 that is smaller than α1 in order to prevent the roller 11 from rising. Adjusted. Hereinafter, the reason why the roller angle α is set to α1 before the step portion 20e is formed and the roller angle α is set to α2 smaller than α1 after the step portion 20e is formed will be described with reference to FIGS. This will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

  When the shaft member rotates around the shaft center and the shaft member and the roller relatively move in the axial direction and the roller presses against the shaft member from the radial direction, FIG. FIG. 8 shows the relationship between the axial load F acting on the shaft member from the pressing surface and the time t. FIG. 8 shows the ratio of the diameter d2 of the portion where the bulge occurs to the diameter d1 of the shaft member (see FIG. 14) and the time t. FIG. 9 shows the relationship between the rotational torque T acting on the roller and time t.

  In FIG. 7, the experimental result when the roller angle α is α1 is shown by a solid line, the experimental result when the roller angle α is α2 smaller than α1, is shown by a broken line, and the roller angle α is smaller than α1 and larger than α2. The experimental result when α3 (α2 <α3 <α1) is shown by a one-dot chain line. In FIG. 8, the experimental result when the roller angle α is α1 is indicated by a solid line, and the experimental result when the roller angle α is α2 is indicated by a broken line.

  As apparent from FIGS. 7 and 8, during the time t from “0” to ta, the axial load F changes at substantially the same value regardless of the size of the roller angle α, and the circumference of the shaft member There is no swell on the surface. Here, when the axial load F is substantially the same regardless of the size of the roller angle α, the maximum value of the axial load F, that is, the axial load F when the time t is ta is used as the generated load. Let it be Fa. Therefore, when the axial load F is equal to or less than the bulge generation load Fa, the bulge does not occur regardless of the size of the roller angle α.

  On the other hand, when the time t is larger than ta, that is, when the axial load F is larger than the swell generation load Fa, there are cases where swell occurs and swell does not occur depending on the size of the roller angle α. Here, when the roller angle α is α1, swell occurs, and the load increase rate ΔF of the axial load F with respect to time t is large. Further, when the roller angle α is α2, swell does not occur and the load increase rate ΔF is extremely small. Therefore, if the roller angle α is α2 after the axial load F becomes larger than the swell generation load Fa, in other words, if the load increase rate ΔF is smaller than the predetermined load increase rate, the swell can be prevented.

  FIG. 9 shows the experimental results when the roller angle α is α1, α2, α3. As is clear from FIG. 9, the larger the roller angle α, the smaller the rotational torque T acting on the material rotation shaft (shaft member). This is because as the roller angle α increases, the contact area S (see FIG. 14) between the pressing surface of the roller and the shaft member decreases, and the rotational load acting on the roller decreases. Therefore, the larger the roller angle α, the smaller the load acting on the material rotation shaft.

  From the experimental results described above, before the stepped portion 20e is formed on the shaft member 20, it is preferable to set the processing conditions appropriately so that the roller angle α is increased and the swell does not occur. Therefore, by setting the roller angle α to α1 before the step portion 20e is formed on the shaft member 20, the load acting on the material rotation shaft (shaft member 20) can be reduced. On the other hand, after the step portion 20e is formed on the shaft member 20, and when the axial load F becomes larger than the bulge generation load Fa, the bulge occurs when the roller angle α is maintained at α1. Become. At this time, however, the bulge can be prevented by setting the roller angle α from α1 to α2.

  When the roller angle α changes from α1 to α2, the radial pressing position by the roller 11 is adjusted by the actuator 18 so that the cutting amount β is maintained at β2. This is because when the radial pressing position by the roller 11 is not adjusted as described above, the lower end 11b of the pressing surface 11a moves upward in FIG. This is because β is smaller than β2.

  Next, the control content of the electronic control unit 40 will be described. When the shaft member 20 is processed by the spin extrusion method, the electronic control unit 40 controls the driving of the electric motor 17 on the basis of the axial load F that is the detection value of the load detection sensor 32, thereby the roller angle. α is adjusted. The electronic control device 40 starts and executes the roller angle reduction program Pr shown in FIG. 10 every elapse of a predetermined time (for example, 5 msec).

  In step 41, it is determined whether or not the cutting amount β has increased, that is, whether or not the machining conditions have changed. Therefore, before the step portion 20e is formed on the shaft member 20 as shown in FIG. 2, the cutting amount β is maintained at β1, so it is determined “No”, and this program Pr is immediately terminated. On the other hand, after the step portion 20e is formed in the shaft member 20 as shown in FIG. 3, since the cutting amount β increases from β1 to β2, it is determined as “Yes”, and the processing after step 42 is performed. Made.

  In step 42, the electronic control unit 40 inputs the axial load F detected by the load detection sensor 32. Then, in step 43, it is determined whether or not the axial load F is larger than the above-described swell generation load Fa. The swell generation load Fa is a value determined in advance by experiments based on the processing conditions and the shape and material of the shaft member 20. Accordingly, when the axial load F is equal to or less than the swell generated load Fa (between the state shown in FIG. 3 and the state shown in FIG. 4), the determination is “No”, and this program Pr is immediately terminated. On the other hand, when the axial load F is larger than the swell generated load Fa, the processing after step 44 is performed.

  In step 44, it is determined whether or not the load increase rate ΔF of the axial load F with respect to time t is equal to or greater than a predetermined load increase rate ΔFa. The predetermined load increase rate ΔFa is a value determined in advance by an experiment to determine whether or not swell occurs, and is a minute value close to “0”. The predetermined load increase rate ΔFa is set to a value slightly smaller than the load increase rate ΔF when the swell actually starts to occur in order to prevent the swell from occurring. Therefore, when the load increase rate ΔF is smaller than the predetermined load increase rate ΔFa, since the swell does not occur, it is determined “No”, and this program Pr is immediately terminated. On the other hand, when the load increase rate ΔF is equal to or greater than ΔFa, the processing after step 45 is performed in order to prevent the swell from occurring.

  In step 45, the roller angle α becomes a value obtained by subtracting Δα from the current value. Δα is a value determined in advance to gradually decrease the roller angle α, and is a minute value close to “0”. Thus, when the roller angle α is slightly decreased, the load increase rate ΔF is slightly decreased. In step 46, the electronic control unit 40 inputs again the axial load F detected by the load detection sensor 32. Thereafter, in step 47, it is determined whether or not the load increase rate ΔF is smaller than a predetermined load increase rate ΔFa. That is, it is determined whether or not the swell has already occurred by slightly decreasing the load increase rate ΔF. Therefore, when the load increase rate ΔF is smaller than the predetermined load increase rate ΔFa, it is determined that “Yes” is reached because the swell does not occur, and the program Pr ends. On the other hand, when the load increase rate ΔF is equal to or greater than the predetermined load increase rate ΔFa, the processing of steps 45, 46, and 47 is performed until the load increase rate ΔF becomes smaller than the predetermined load increase rate ΔFa in order to prevent the swell from occurring. Is made.

  By the feedback control of these steps 45, 46 and 47, the roller angle α is set to the maximum angle when no swell occurs. That is, the roller 11 tilts around the axis O2 so that the roller angle α is α1 as shown in FIG. 4 and the roller angle α is α2 as shown in FIG. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 6, when the second peripheral surface portion 20 f is formed on the shaft member 20, it is possible to prevent the swell from occurring on the peripheral surface 20 a of the shaft member 20. Further, after the step 20e is formed, the roller angle α is set to the maximum angle when no swell occurs, so that the rotational torque T acting on the material rotation shaft can be minimized, and the material rotation The load acting on the shaft can be minimized.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, before the stepped portion 20e is formed on the shaft member 20, the roller angle α is set to α1, which is a relatively large angle, and the processing conditions are appropriately set, so that the swell does not occur. Thus, the load acting on the material rotation shaft can be reduced. Then, even if the cutting amount β increases from β1 to β2 and the processing conditions change after the step portion 20e is formed on the shaft member 20, the roller angle α is set to α2 to prevent swell. Further, the moving speed V in the axial direction of the shaft member 20 is constant and does not decrease. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the load acting on the material rotation shaft and prevent the bulge while preventing the processing time from becoming long.

  In addition, since the load acting on the material rotation shaft can be reduced, it is not necessary to have a device configuration capable of withstanding a high load, and the device 10 can be configured at low cost. Furthermore, since the roller angle α can be changed, various portions of the shaft member can be processed by one roller 11. Therefore, it is not necessary to manufacture a plurality of rollers suitable for various parts of the shaft member, and the rollers can be saved.

  Next, a second embodiment will be described. FIG. 11 is an overall configuration diagram in which a cylindrical member 50 as a shaft member is processed by a so-called rotating ironing method. In the rotating ironing method, when the cylindrical member 50 and the roller 11 move relative to each other in the axial direction in a state where the cylindrical member 50 rotates around the axial center O1, the peripheral surface (surface) 50a of the cylindrical member 50 is It is the processing method processed. By this rotating ironing method, a hollow pipe having an outer diameter set to a predetermined value is manufactured.

  A mandrel 23 is mounted inside the cylindrical member 50. The mandrel 23 is for preventing the cylindrical member 50 from escaping from the roller 11 when the roller 11 presses against the cylindrical member 50 from the radial direction. In this 2nd Embodiment, since the cylindrical member 50 is hollow shape, the punch and rotation apparatus as a punching means are not provided. The other configuration is substantially the same as the configuration of the first embodiment described above, and a description thereof will be omitted. Moreover, since the effect of 2nd Embodiment is substantially the same as the effect of 1st Embodiment, description is abbreviate | omitted.

As mentioned above, although the manufacturing apparatus of the stepped shaft member and the manufacturing method of the stepped shaft member according to the present invention have been described, the present invention is not limited to this, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit thereof. It is.
For example, in the first embodiment, the punch 30 and the rotating device 31 as the drilling means are provided to manufacture the hollow stepped pipe 20A. However, a solid stepped rod may be manufactured without providing the punch 30 and the rotating device 31 as the punching means.

  In each embodiment, the electronic control unit 40 adjusts the roller angle α from α1 to the maximum angle α2 when no swell occurs on the peripheral surface 20a of the shaft member 20. However, the electronic control unit 40 may adjust the roller angle α to be an angle smaller than α1 to α2.

  In each embodiment, after the step portion 20e is formed, when it is determined that the axial load F is larger than the swell generated load Fa, the roller angle α is decreased based on the magnitude of the load increase rate ΔF. It was. Thereby, the excitement could be prevented. However, after the position detection sensor is provided to detect the radial position of the circumferential surface 20a of the shaft member 20 and the stepped portion 20e is formed, the position detection sensor slightly raises the circumferential surface 20a of the shaft member 20. When it is detected that the roller has started, the roller angle α may be decreased based on the magnitude of the load increase rate ΔF. In this case, a slight rise can be suppressed.

  In each embodiment, the load detection sensor 32 is attached to the chuck 22, and the roller angle α is adjusted based on the axial load F applied to the shaft member 20 by the electronic control unit 40. However, a load detection sensor may be attached to the roller 11 so that the electronic control device 40 may adjust the roller angle α based on the axial load acting on the roller 11.

  Further, in each embodiment, the shaft member 20 and the cylindrical member 50 are moved in the axial direction so that the shaft member 20 and the cylindrical member 50 approach the roller 11 and the punch 30. However, the roller 11 and the punch 30 may be moved in the axial direction so that the roller 11 and the punch 30 approach the shaft member 20 and the cylindrical member 50.

  Further, in each embodiment, after the step portion 20e is formed on the shaft member 20, the roller angle α is decreased in a state where the axial movement speed V of the shaft member 20 is constant. However, after the step portion 20e is formed on the shaft member 20, the roller angle α may be decreased and the moving speed V in the axial direction of the shaft member 20 may be decreased. In this case, after the step portion 20e is formed on the shaft member 20, the bulge is prevented by the two reductions in the moving speed V and the roller angle α described above, and therefore the roller angle α is maintained to prevent the bulge. Compared to the case where only the moving speed V is reduced in the state of being performed, the above-described decrease in the moving speed V becomes smaller. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the machining time from becoming longer compared to the case where only the moving speed V is decreased while the roller angle α is maintained.

  In each embodiment, the electronic control unit 40 maintains the roller angle α at α1 before the step portion 20e is formed on the shaft member 20. However, before the step portion 20e is formed on the shaft member 20, the electronic control unit 40 temporarily assumes that the axial load F is greater than the swell generated load Fa and the load increase rate ΔF is greater than the predetermined load increase rate ΔFa. The roller angle α may be adjusted from α1 to α2.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Step part formation apparatus 11 Roller 12 Housing 15 Roller rotating shaft 16 Roller support body 17 Electric motor 18 Actuator 20 Shaft member 20A Stepped pipe 20e Step part 21 Rotation moving device 30 Punch 31 Rotating device 32 Load detection sensor 40 Electronic control unit 50 Cylindrical member

Claims (5)

Rotation support means for rotating and supporting a shaft member, which is a member to be processed, around the axis center, processing means for supporting a roller that presses against the shaft member from the radial direction in a rotatable state, and radial direction by the roller A pressing position adjusting means for adjusting the pressing position; a processing position adjusting means for adjusting a processing position in the axial direction of the roller and the shaft member; the rotation support means; the pressing position adjusting means; and the processing position adjusting means. Control means for controlling,
A stepped shaft member manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing a stepped shaft member having stepped portions having different radial dimensions by changing a pressing position by the roller while moving a processing position with respect to the rotating shaft member and the roller in an axial direction. In
Load detecting means for detecting an axial load during processing acting on the shaft member or the roller;
Tilting means for adjusting the tilt angle of the pressing surface that presses the shaft member among the surfaces of the roller with respect to the shaft center of the shaft member by tilting the rotation shaft of the roller;
The control means adjusts the inclination angle of the pressing surface by controlling the drive of the tilting means based on the axial load detected by the load detection means. Equipment for manufacturing a shaft member. In the manufacturing apparatus of the stepped shaft member according to claim 1,
The stepped shaft member manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the control means is configured to reduce an inclination angle of the pressing surface based on an increase in the axial load detected by the load detection means. In the manufacturing apparatus of the stepped shaft member according to claim 1 or 2,
The processing means includes a roller support that has a gear on the outer surface and supports the rotating shaft of the roller, and a housing that supports the roller support so as to be tiltable.
The tilting means includes a pinion that meshes with a gear of the roller support, and a motor that rotates the pinion. In the manufacturing apparatus of the stepped shaft member according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A punch that forms a hole in the shaft center portion of the shaft member that is solid is arranged coaxially with the shaft member, and a punching means that pushes into the shaft center portion of the shaft member while rotating the punch is provided,
An apparatus for manufacturing a stepped shaft member, wherein the surface of the shaft member is surface-processed by the roller and the shaft center portion of the shaft member is perforated by the punch. In a state where the shaft member which is a workpiece is rotated around the shaft center, the roller is pressed against the shaft member from the radial direction, and the shaft member and the roller are relatively moved in the axial direction, and the roller In the manufacturing method of a stepped shaft member for manufacturing a stepped shaft member having stepped portions having different radial dimensions by changing the pressing position by
Load detecting means for detecting an axial load during processing acting on the shaft member or the roller;
Tilting means for adjusting the tilt angle of the pressing surface for pressing the shaft member with respect to the axis center of the shaft member of the surface of the roller by tilting the rotation shaft of the roller;
A method of manufacturing a stepped shaft member, wherein the tilting means on the pressing surface is adjusted to be small by driving the tilting means based on an increase in the axial load detected by the load detecting means.

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