JP5392988B2 - バイオマスのガス化方法及びバイオマスガス化装置 - Google Patents
バイオマスのガス化方法及びバイオマスガス化装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5392988B2 JP5392988B2 JP2007055818A JP2007055818A JP5392988B2 JP 5392988 B2 JP5392988 B2 JP 5392988B2 JP 2007055818 A JP2007055818 A JP 2007055818A JP 2007055818 A JP2007055818 A JP 2007055818A JP 5392988 B2 JP5392988 B2 JP 5392988B2
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/40—Valorisation of by-products of wastewater, sewage or sludge processing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/78—Recycling of wood or furniture waste
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- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Description
図1は本発明の実施の形態を示す説明図である。図1において、1はガス化炉、2は改質炉、3は集塵機、4はスクラバー(ガス浄化装置)、5はガスエンジンである。また図1の上段には、焼却炉6及び熱交換器7、8を含む下水汚泥の焼却ラインが示されている。
・CxHy+(x+y/4)O2=xCO2+y/2・H2O………(1)
・CxHy+xH2O=(x+y/2)H2+xCO…………………(2)
表1に本発明の実施例の、ガス化炉1に投入される木質バイオマス、集塵機3から排出される灰分、集塵機9から排出される灰分の成分を示す。また、図2に、この実施例の各工程の温度や、供給される空気の温度、燃料ガスの量及び成分を表示した図を示す。
2 改質炉
3 集塵機
4 スクラバー(ガス浄化装置)
5 ガスエンジン
6 焼却炉
7 熱交換器
8 熱交換器
9 集塵機
10 スクラバー(ガス浄化装置)
11 煙突
Claims (4)
- 下水汚泥を焼却する焼却炉の後段に熱交換器を配置した下水汚泥の焼却ラインと、バイオマスを熱分解するガス化炉の後段に改質炉と集塵機とを順次配置したバイオマスのガス化ラインとを並列に設置し、
バイオマスを前記ガス化炉に投入して、理論燃焼空気量に対する供給空気量の比である空気比が1以下の還元雰囲気下でバイオマスを熱分解させて熱分解ガスを生成し、
この熱分解ガスを、前記ガス化炉の後段に設けられた改質炉に供給して改質ガスに改質し、
この改質ガスを、改質炉の後段に設けられた集塵機に導いて、前記改質ガスから灰分を除去し、
前記焼却炉に、前記灰分を投入して、灰分に含まれる炭素分を燃焼させ、
前記焼却炉の後段に設けられた熱交換器に空気を供給して、前記焼却炉で発生する熱と熱交換させて予熱させた空気を、前記ガス化炉の燃焼用空気として、前記ガス化炉に供給することを特徴とするバイオマスのガス化方法。 - バイオマスのガス化ラインは前記集塵機の後段にスクラバーを更に配置しており、改質ガスを、前記バイオマスのガス化ラインのスクラバーに導いて、改質ガスに含まれる有害物質を洗浄排水に移行させて除去し、この洗浄排水を、前記焼却炉に投入して、有害物質を燃焼処理することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のバイオマスのガス化方法。
- 下水汚泥を焼却する焼却炉の後段に熱交換器を配置した下水汚泥の焼却ラインと、バイオマスを熱分解するガス化炉の後段に改質炉と集塵機を配置したバイオマスのガス化ラインとを並列に設置したバイオマスのガス化装置であって、
前記バイオマスのガス化ラインは、バイオマスを理論燃焼空気量に対する供給空気量の比である空気比が1以下の還元雰囲気下で熱分解させて熱分解ガスを生成するガス化炉と、前記熱分解ガスを改質ガスに改質する、前記ガス化炉の後段に設けられた改質炉と、前記改質ガスから灰分を除去する、前記改質炉後段に設けられた集塵機とを備え、
前記下水汚泥の焼却ラインは、前記灰分が投入される下水汚泥の焼却炉と、ガス化炉に供給する空気を前記焼却炉で発生する熱と熱交換して予熱する、前記焼却炉の後段に設けられた熱交換器とを有することを特徴とするバイオマスのガス化装置。 - 改質ガスに含まれる有害物質を洗浄排水に移行させて除去するスクラバーを前記集塵機の後段に設け、スクラバーの洗浄排水を前記焼却炉に投入するように構成したことを特徴とする請求項3に記載のバイオマスのガス化装置。
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