JP5388353B2 - Solar concentrator - Google Patents

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JP5388353B2
JP5388353B2 JP2009287198A JP2009287198A JP5388353B2 JP 5388353 B2 JP5388353 B2 JP 5388353B2 JP 2009287198 A JP2009287198 A JP 2009287198A JP 2009287198 A JP2009287198 A JP 2009287198A JP 5388353 B2 JP5388353 B2 JP 5388353B2
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lens
light
sunlight
ball
light guide
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JP2011127841A (en
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修右 大関
雄二 濱地
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EIKOU CO Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
    • Y02A20/142—Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators

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  • Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Light Guides In General And Applications Therefor (AREA)

Description

本発明は、太陽光を集光して対象物に照射しその対象物を加熱しもしくは励起させるために用いる太陽光集光装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a solar light collecting device used for collecting sunlight and irradiating an object to heat or excite the object.

近年、クリーンエネルギである太陽光を利用する加熱装置や発電装置に関心が高まっており、各種の技術が開示されている。 In recent years, interest has increased in heating devices and power generation devices that use sunlight, which is clean energy, and various techniques have been disclosed.

例えば、特開２００９−１３９７６１には集光性能が改良された球面鏡により太陽光を集光し、スターリングエンジンを駆動することが開示されている。 For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2009-139761 discloses that sunlight is collected by a spherical mirror with improved light collection performance and a Stirling engine is driven.

また、特開２００５−３４４６０８にはフレネルレンズで集光した太陽光を石英ガラス製の光導ファイバの入射端に入射させ出射光でスターリングエンジンを駆動することが開示されている。 JP-A-2005-344608 discloses that sunlight condensed by a Fresnel lens is incident on an incident end of an optical fiber made of quartz glass and a Stirling engine is driven by the emitted light.

しかし、これらの方式においては、受光面を正確に焦点の位置に置き、かつ太陽光の方向と直交させる必要があった。しかし、曲面鏡やレンズなどの集光手段により集光された太陽光は、向きや焦点の位置が時々刻々変わるので、精緻な追尾装置なしには集光された光を効率よく受光することが難しい。 However, in these systems, it is necessary to place the light receiving surface at the focal point accurately and to be orthogonal to the direction of sunlight. However, the sunlight collected by condensing means such as curved mirrors and lenses changes its direction and focus position from time to time, so it can efficiently receive the collected light without a precise tracking device. difficult.

特開２００９−１３９７６１号公報JP 2009-139761 A 特開２００５−３４４６０８号公報JP-A-2005-344608

本発明の目的は、曲面鏡やレンズなどの集光手段により集光された太陽光を精緻な追尾装置なしで効率よく受光することができる太陽光集光装置を提供することである。 The objective of this invention is providing the sunlight condensing apparatus which can receive efficiently the sunlight condensed by condensing means, such as a curved mirror and a lens, without a precise tracking apparatus.

本発明の要旨とするところは、太陽光を集光して受光するために用いる集光装置であって、曲面鏡またはレンズからなる集光手段と、該曲面鏡またはレンズの、焦点またはその近傍に位置するボール系レンズとからなり、前記集光手段で集光されてのち前記ボールレンズを透過した太陽光を受光するようになし、前記ボール系レンズがボールレンズ、球冠形状のボール系レンズから選択された太陽光集光装置であることにある。   The gist of the present invention is a light collecting device used for collecting and receiving sunlight, and a light collecting means comprising a curved mirror or lens, and a focal point of the curved mirror or lens or the vicinity thereof. And is configured to receive sunlight transmitted through the ball lens after being condensed by the condensing means, the ball lens being a ball lens, a ball-shaped lens having a spherical crown shape. It is that it is the sunlight condensing device selected from.

前記太陽光集光装置はさらに導光路を含み得、前記ボール系レンズを透過した太陽光を該導光路の入射端より入射させ得、出射した太陽光を受光するようになし得、前記ボール系レンズと該導光路の入射端面との距離をＬ、前記ボール系レンズの径をｄとしたとき、Ｌ／ｄが０．２以下であり得る。   The solar light collecting device may further include a light guide path, the sunlight transmitted through the ball system lens may be incident from an incident end of the light guide path, and the emitted sunlight may be received, and the ball system L / d can be 0.2 or less, where L is the distance between the lens and the incident end face of the light guide path and d is the diameter of the ball lens.

前記ボール系レンズの径は前記導光路の径より大きくされ得る。   The diameter of the ball lens may be larger than the diameter of the light guide.

前記太陽光集光装置においては、前記ボール系レンズが球冠形状のボール系レンズであり得、前記導光路の導光部が導光体からなり得、該導光体と前記ボール系レンズとが一体連接してなり得る。   In the solar light collecting device, the ball lens may be a crown-shaped ball lens, the light guide portion of the light guide path may be a light guide, and the light guide and the ball lens. Can be integrally connected.

前記太陽光集光装置においては、前記導光路は出射がわで複数に分岐したものであり得、分岐した各導光路から出射した太陽光をそれぞれ受光するようになし得る。   In the sunlight condensing device, the light guide path may be divided into a plurality of light exits, and may receive sunlight emitted from each branched light guide path.

また、本発明の要旨とするところは、前記太陽光集光装置を用いた発電装置であることにある。   Moreover, the place made into the summary of this invention exists in being the electric power generating apparatus using the said sunlight condensing device.

本発明によると、曲面鏡やレンズなどの集光手段により集光された太陽光を精緻な追尾装置なしで効率よく受光することができる太陽光集光装置が提供される。 ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the sunlight condensing apparatus which can receive efficiently the sunlight condensed by condensing means, such as a curved mirror and a lens, without a precise tracking apparatus is provided.

本発明の太陽光集光装置の態様の一例を示す説明図。Explanatory drawing which shows an example of the aspect of the sunlight condensing apparatus of this invention. レンズを通過する光路のシミュレーション図。The simulation figure of the optical path which passes a lens. 本発明の太陽光集光装置の態様の他の一例を示す説明図。Explanatory drawing which shows another example of the aspect of the sunlight condensing apparatus of this invention. 本発明の太陽光集光装置に用いられる導光路の態様の他の一例を示す説明図。Explanatory drawing which shows another example of the aspect of the light guide used for the sunlight condensing apparatus of this invention. 本発明に用いられるボールレンズと導光路の配置を示す説明図。Explanatory drawing which shows arrangement | positioning of the ball lens and light guide used for this invention. 本発明に用いられるボール系レンズと導光路の配置を示す説明図。Explanatory drawing which shows arrangement | positioning of the ball-type lens and light guide path used for this invention. 本発明に用いられるボール系レンズと導光路の位置を示す説明図。Explanatory drawing which shows the position of the ball-type lens and light guide used for this invention.

本発明の太陽光集光装置の態様の一例を説明する。図１に示すように、本発明の太陽光集光装置２は、フレネルレンズ４からなる集光手段６とフレネルレンズ４の焦点５またはその近傍に設置されたボールレンズ８とからなる。太陽光はフレネルレンズ４の焦点５またはその近傍で集光されてのちボールレンズ８を透過する。ボールレンズ８の出射側でボールレンズ８に近接または接した位置に導光路１２の入射端面１１（受光面１０）が配される。導光路１２は自身の入射端に入射した光を自身の出射端（１３）に導いて出射するものであり、光ファイバ、光ファイバ束、ガラスロッド、透明樹脂ロッド、内面が鏡面であるパイプなどから構成されるものである。太陽光集光装置２を経た導光路１２からの出射光を対象物１４（図１ではスターリングエンジン）に照射することにより、対象物の加熱や励起を行うことができる。本発明においては、導光路１２を用いずに対象物の表面を受光面として、ボールレンズ８を透過した光を直接に対象物に照射してもよい。   An example of the aspect of the solar light collecting device of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the solar light collecting device 2 of the present invention comprises a light collecting means 6 comprising a Fresnel lens 4 and a ball lens 8 installed at or near the focal point 5 of the Fresnel lens 4. Sunlight is condensed at or near the focal point 5 of the Fresnel lens 4 and then transmitted through the ball lens 8. An incident end surface 11 (light receiving surface 10) of the light guide 12 is disposed at a position close to or in contact with the ball lens 8 on the exit side of the ball lens 8. The light guide 12 guides light incident on its own incident end to its own output end (13) and emits it, such as an optical fiber, an optical fiber bundle, a glass rod, a transparent resin rod, and a pipe whose inner surface is a mirror surface. It is comprised from. By irradiating the object 14 (Stirling engine in FIG. 1) with the light emitted from the light guide path 12 that has passed through the solar light collecting device 2, the object can be heated or excited. In the present invention, the light passing through the ball lens 8 may be directly irradiated onto the object using the surface of the object as the light receiving surface without using the light guide path 12.

本発明においては、フレネルレンズ４の焦点５またはその近傍にボールレンズ８を位置させることにより、ボールレンズ８に入射した光よりもさらにエネルギ密度の高い光束が受光面１０に照射あるいは入射される。受光面１０がガラス等の光透性の物質からなる物体の受光面であったり、太陽光が照射されて物体が昇温しても、その昇温の程度がボールレンズ８がその昇温で損傷されない程度である場合には、受光面１０はボールレンズ８に接触した状態であってもよい。例えば受光面１０にボールレンズ８が載置された状態であってもよい。受光面１０とボールレンズ８との間隙は１０ｍｍ以下であることが好ましい。ボールレンズ８の径をｄ、受光面１０とボールレンズ８との間隙をＬとしたとき、Ｌ／ｄは０．２以下であることが好ましい。例えばボールレンズ８の径が５０ｍｍの場合、受光面１０との間隙は１０ｍｍ以下であることが好ましい。Ｌ／ｄがこの範囲を上回るとボールレンズ８からの出射光が発散し、受光面１０での光束のエネルギ密度が低くなり、高温が得られない。Ｌ／ｄが０、すなわち、受光面１０にボールレンズ８に接触した状態は、受光面１０に対するボールレンズ８の位置決めが簡単で、高度に収束した太陽光を安定して受光面１０に照射あるいは入射できる。なお、導光路を用いる場合は、導光路の入射端面１１とボールレンズ８の距離がＬである。   In the present invention, by positioning the ball lens 8 at or near the focal point 5 of the Fresnel lens 4, a light flux having a higher energy density than the light incident on the ball lens 8 is irradiated or incident on the light receiving surface 10. Even if the light receiving surface 10 is a light receiving surface of an object made of a light-transmitting substance such as glass or the temperature of the object is increased by irradiation with sunlight, the temperature of the ball lens 8 is increased by the temperature increase. If it is not damaged, the light receiving surface 10 may be in contact with the ball lens 8. For example, the ball lens 8 may be placed on the light receiving surface 10. The gap between the light receiving surface 10 and the ball lens 8 is preferably 10 mm or less. When the diameter of the ball lens 8 is d and the gap between the light receiving surface 10 and the ball lens 8 is L, L / d is preferably 0.2 or less. For example, when the diameter of the ball lens 8 is 50 mm, the gap with the light receiving surface 10 is preferably 10 mm or less. If L / d exceeds this range, the light emitted from the ball lens 8 diverges, the energy density of the light beam on the light receiving surface 10 becomes low, and a high temperature cannot be obtained. When L / d is 0, that is, when the ball lens 8 is in contact with the light receiving surface 10, the positioning of the ball lens 8 with respect to the light receiving surface 10 is simple, and the light receiving surface 10 is stably irradiated with highly converged sunlight. Can be incident. When the light guide is used, the distance between the incident end face 11 of the light guide and the ball lens 8 is L.

このことはボールレンズのシミュレーションからも説明できる。すなわち、図２はレンズを通過する光線９２の光路をシミュレーションしたものであり、図２（ａ）のボールレンズ８においては収差のある焦点９４がボールレンズ９０の出射面近傍に存在する。   This can also be explained from the simulation of a ball lens. 2 is a simulation of the optical path of the light beam 92 passing through the lens. In the ball lens 8 of FIG. 2A, a focal point 94 having aberration exists in the vicinity of the exit surface of the ball lens 90. FIG.

これに対して、図２（ｂ）に示すように、半球レンズ８ｈを通過する光線９２の光路シミュレーションでは、収差のある焦点９４ｈが半球レンズ８ｈの出射面９８側に出射面９８から略半球レンズ８ｈの半径に相当する距離ｄｄ離れた位置ｐの近傍に存在する。通常の（虫眼鏡に用いるような）形状のレンズの場合でも焦点は出射面から大略レンズ径と同じ距離あるいはそれ以上離れた位置に存在する。 On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2B, in the optical path simulation of the light beam 92 passing through the hemispherical lens 8h, the focal point 94h having aberration is substantially hemispherical from the outgoing surface 98 to the outgoing surface 98 side of the hemispherical lens 8h. It exists in the vicinity of the position p separated by a distance dd corresponding to a radius of 8h. Even in the case of a lens having a normal shape (such as that used for a magnifying glass), the focal point exists at a position that is approximately the same distance as the lens diameter or more from the exit surface.

従って、通常の形状のレンズや半球レンズの場合、フレネルレンズ４の焦点近傍にその通常の形状のレンズや半球レンズを置いてフレネルレンズ４で集光された太陽光をさらに集光すると、その通常の形状のレンズや半球レンズの出射面から略レンズ径の半分あるいはそれ以上離れた位置が最も集光された位置であり、効率的な受光のためには、そのような位置に対象物の受光面を位置させなければならず、位置、すなわち、通常の形状のレンズや半球レンズと対象物の受光面との距離の調整が難しい。   Therefore, in the case of a normal shape lens or hemispherical lens, when the normal shape lens or hemispherical lens is placed near the focal point of the Fresnel lens 4 and the sunlight condensed by the Fresnel lens 4 is further condensed, The most concentrated position is approximately half or more of the lens diameter away from the exit surface of the lens or hemispherical lens, and for efficient light reception, the object is received at such a position. It is difficult to adjust the position, that is, the distance between the lens or hemispherical lens having a normal shape and the light receiving surface of the object.

これに対して、ボールレンズ８の場合は、上述のようにボールレンズ８と受光面１０とは近づけるほうがよいので、このような位置の調整は容易である。   On the other hand, in the case of the ball lens 8, since it is better to bring the ball lens 8 and the light receiving surface 10 closer as described above, such adjustment of the position is easy.

本発明の太陽光集光装置２における対象物１４としては、スターリングエンジンのほかに太陽光を熱源や光源として利用する各種の装置の受光部が挙げられる。本発明の太陽光集熱装置は、冷暖房用熱源、ヒートポンプ用熱源、給湯用熱源、光化学反応プラントの光源及び熱源、発電用蒸気タービン駆動用熱源、海水淡水化用熱源、植物プラント用光源及び熱源、海底浄化用光源、河川、湖沼浄化用光源、光触媒を利用する排水浄化用光源及び熱源、太陽電池の光源、小規模発電の熱源、として利用できる。   Examples of the object 14 in the solar light collecting device 2 of the present invention include light receiving units of various devices that use sunlight as a heat source or a light source in addition to the Stirling engine. The solar heat collecting apparatus of the present invention includes a heat source for cooling and heating, a heat source for heat pump, a heat source for hot water supply, a light source and heat source for a photochemical reaction plant, a heat source for driving a steam turbine for power generation, a heat source for seawater desalination, a light source for a plant plant, and a heat source. It can be used as a light source for submarine purification, a light source for purifying rivers and lakes, a light source and a heat source for wastewater purification using a photocatalyst, a light source for solar cells, and a heat source for small-scale power generation.

なかでも、本発明により２０００℃以上２６００℃に達する高温が得られるので、本発明の太陽光集熱装置はスターリングエンジンの熱源として好適に利用することができる。また、発電用蒸気タービン駆動用熱源として好適に利用することができる。   Especially, since the high temperature which reaches 2000 degreeC or more and 2600 degreeC is obtained by this invention, the solar heat collecting device of this invention can be utilized suitably as a heat source of a Stirling engine. Moreover, it can utilize suitably as a heat source for a steam turbine drive for electric power generation.

このように、本発明の太陽光集熱装置はスターリングエンジンや蒸気タービンを介してこれらにより駆動される発電機と連結して、クリーンエネルギによる発電装置を構成することができる。   Thus, the solar heat collecting apparatus of this invention can be connected with the generator driven by these via a Stirling engine and a steam turbine, and can comprise the power generator by clean energy.

本発明においては、フレネルレンズに代えて通常のレンズが用いられてもよいが、軽量薄型という点でフレネルレンズが好ましい、また、図３に示すように太陽光の集光手段６として、フレネルレンズに代えて球面鏡のような曲面鏡２０が用いられてもよい。図３に示す太陽光集光装置２ａにおいて、曲面鏡２０の焦点５ａまたはその近傍に設置されたボールレンズ８とからなる。太陽光は焦点５ａまたはその近傍で集光されてのちボールレンズ８を透過する。ボールレンズ８の出射側でボールレンズ８に近接または接した位置に導光路１２ａの受光面１０ａが配される。導光路１２ａからの出射光を対象物１４に照射することにより、対象物の加熱や励起を行うことができる。   In the present invention, a normal lens may be used in place of the Fresnel lens. However, the Fresnel lens is preferable in terms of light weight and thinness. Further, as shown in FIG. Instead of this, a curved mirror 20 such as a spherical mirror may be used. The solar light collecting device 2a shown in FIG. 3 includes a ball lens 8 installed at or near the focal point 5a of the curved mirror 20. Sunlight is condensed at or near the focal point 5 a and then passes through the ball lens 8. The light receiving surface 10a of the light guide 12a is disposed at a position close to or in contact with the ball lens 8 on the exit side of the ball lens 8. By irradiating the object 14 with light emitted from the light guide path 12a, the object can be heated or excited.

本発明においては、図４に示すように出射側で分岐する導光路１２ｂが用いられてもよい。導光路１２ｂとしては出射側で分岐する石英ロッドなどが好適に用いられる。導光路１２ｂの入射端面１１ｂに接して、あるいは上述のように近づけてボールレンズ８を配置し、導光路１２ｂの分岐した出射端１７にそれぞれ対象物１４ｂを配することにより複数の対象物１４ｂに高温の太陽光を照射することができる。例えば、複数のスターリングエンジンを同時に駆動することができる。   In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4, a light guide path 12 b that branches on the emission side may be used. As the light guide path 12b, a quartz rod branched on the emission side is preferably used. The ball lens 8 is disposed in contact with or close to the incident end surface 11b of the light guide path 12b, and the target object 14b is disposed at each of the branched emission ends 17 of the light guide path 12b. High temperature sunlight can be irradiated. For example, a plurality of Stirling engines can be driven simultaneously.

また、本発明においては、ボールレンズ８の径ｄは、導光路の入射端部１９における径ｄ３と同じかあるいは小さくともよいが、図５などに示すようにｄがｄ３より大きいことが好ましい。これにより、導光路の受光面１０より大きい面積の径の光束をボールレンズ８で集光することができ、本発明の太陽光集光装置の集光の効率をよくすることができる。 In the present invention, the diameter d of the ball lens 8 may be the same as or smaller than the diameter d 3 at the incident end 19 of the light guide, but d may be larger than d 3 as shown in FIG. preferable. Thereby, the light beam having an area larger than the light receiving surface 10 of the light guide path can be collected by the ball lens 8, and the light collection efficiency of the solar light collecting apparatus of the present invention can be improved.

さらに、本発明においては、ボールレンズ８に代えて図６に示すように球冠形状レンズ８８が用いられてもよい。本発明に用いられる球冠形状レンズ８８は、球体を直径方向の面で切断した形状のもので、切断面９０の径ｄ２がレンズ径ｄより小さく、球冠に膨らんだ部分の径がもとの球体の径であるものをいい、これを球冠形状のボール系レンズと称する。本明細書においては、ボールレンズ８と球冠形状レンズ８８（球冠形状のボール系レンズ）とを総称してボール系レンズと称する。図６に示す態様にあっても、球冠形状レンズ８８の径をｄ、受光面１０と球冠形状レンズ８８との間隙をＬとしたとき、Ｌ／ｄは０．２以下であることが好ましい。切断面９０と受光面１０とは接していてもよい。球冠形状レンズ８８の径ｄは、導光路の入射端部１９における径ｄ３より大きくなる。 Further, in the present invention, instead of the ball lens 8, a spherical crown lens 88 may be used as shown in FIG. Spherical crown shape lens 88 used in the present invention is of a shape obtained by cutting the sphere in terms of the diameter direction, smaller than the diameter d 2 is the lens diameter d of the cut surface 90, the diameter of the portion bulging spherical cap is also The diameter of the sphere is referred to as a ball-shaped lens having a spherical shape. In the present specification, the ball lens 8 and the spherical crown-shaped lens 88 (spherical crown-shaped ball-based lens) are collectively referred to as a ball-based lens. Even in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, when the diameter of the spherical crown lens 88 is d and the gap between the light receiving surface 10 and the spherical crown lens 88 is L, L / d may be 0.2 or less. preferable. The cut surface 90 and the light receiving surface 10 may be in contact with each other. Diameter d of the spherical crown shape lens 88 is larger than the diameter d 3 at the incident end portion 19 of the light guiding path.

また、図７に示すように、導光路１２がガラスのような導光体９２からなる場合、球冠形状レンズ８８と導光体９２とは、切断面９０と受光面１０が合わさって一体連接していてもよい。   As shown in FIG. 7, when the light guide path 12 is made of a light guide 92 such as glass, the spherical crown lens 88 and the light guide 92 are integrally connected by combining the cut surface 90 and the light receiving surface 10. You may do it.

図１に示す態様で１．５ｍ角の面積のフレネルレンズ４を用い、太陽光に向かわせ、その焦点５に５０ｍｍ径のボールレンズ８を配した。導光路１２として、５０ｍｍ径、長さ５００ｍｍの石英ロッドを用い入射端面１１（受光面１０）にボールレンズ８の出射側の面を接触させて配した。導光路１２の出射端面にスターリングエンジン（ボーム社製：タイプＨＢ７）を配置してその受光部を照射し、スターリングエンジンを駆動することができた。   In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a Fresnel lens 4 having an area of 1.5 m square was used, and the ball lens 8 having a diameter of 50 mm was arranged at the focal point 5 toward the sunlight. A quartz rod having a diameter of 50 mm and a length of 500 mm was used as the light guide path 12, and the incident end face 11 (light receiving face 10) was placed in contact with the exit side face of the ball lens 8. A Stirling engine (Bohm: Type HB7) was placed on the exit end face of the light guide 12 and the light receiving part was irradiated to drive the Stirling engine.

ボールレンズ８と入射端面１１（受光面１０）との間隔を１０ｍｍとした他は実施例１と同様にしてスターリングエンジンを駆動することができた。   The Stirling engine could be driven in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the distance between the ball lens 8 and the incident end surface 11 (light receiving surface 10) was 10 mm.

ボールレンズ８と入射端面１１（受光面１０）との間隔を１５ｍｍとした他は実施例１と同様にしてスターリングエンジンを駆動することができた。運転状態は実施例１，２ほどはスムースでなかった。   The Stirling engine could be driven in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the distance between the ball lens 8 and the incident end surface 11 (light receiving surface 10) was 15 mm. The operating state was not as smooth as in Examples 1 and 2.

比較例２
ボールレンズ８を使用しなかったほかは実施例１と同様の配置でスターリングエンジンの駆動を試みた。すなわち、フレネルレンズ４に対向して焦点５に導光路１２の入射端面（受光面１０）を位置させて太陽光を入光させた。しかし、スターリングエンジンは作動しなかった。 Comparative Example 2
An attempt was made to drive the Stirling engine in the same arrangement as in Example 1 except that the ball lens 8 was not used. That is, the incident end surface (light receiving surface 10) of the light guide 12 was positioned at the focal point 5 so as to face the Fresnel lens 4 and sunlight was incident thereon. However, the Stirling engine did not work.

その他、本発明は、主旨を逸脱しない範囲で当業者の知識に基づき種々なる改良、修正、変更を加えた態様で実施できるものである。   In addition, the present invention can be carried out in a mode in which various improvements, modifications, and changes are added based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

本発明は太陽光を熱源や光源として利用する各種の装置に利用できる。例えば、冷暖房用熱源、ヒートポンプ用熱源、給湯用熱源、光化学反応プラントの光源及び熱源、発電用蒸気タービン駆動用熱源、スターリングエンジン用熱源、海水淡水化用熱源、植物プラント用光源及び熱源、海底浄化用光源、河川、湖沼浄化用光源、光触媒を利用する排水浄化用光源及び熱源、太陽電池の光源、小規模発電の熱源、として利用できる。 The present invention can be used for various devices that use sunlight as a heat source or a light source. For example, heat source for cooling and heating, heat source for heat pump, heat source for hot water supply, light source and heat source for photochemical reaction plant, heat source for driving steam turbine for power generation, heat source for Stirling engine, heat source for seawater desalination, light source and heat source for plant plant, seabed purification Light source, water source for river and lake purification, light source and heat source for wastewater purification using photocatalyst, light source for solar cell, heat source for small-scale power generation.

太陽光集光装置２、２ａ：
４：フレネルレンズ
６：集光手段
５、５ａ：焦点
８：ボールレンズ
１１、１１ａ、１１ｂ：入射端面
１２、１２ａ、１２ｂ：導光路
１０：受光面
１３：出射端
２０：曲面鏡
１４：対象物
８８：球冠形状レンズ（球冠形状のボール系レンズ） Sunlight collecting device 2, 2a:
4: Fresnel lens 6: Condensing means 5, 5a: Focus 8: Ball lenses 11, 11a, 11b: Entrance end faces 12, 12a, 12b: Light guide path 10: Light receiving surface 13: Output end 20: Curved mirror 14: Object 88: Spherical crown shaped lens (Spherical crown shaped ball lens)

Claims (4)

太陽光を集光して受光するために用いる集光装置であって、曲面鏡またはレンズからなる集光手段と、該曲面鏡またはレンズの、焦点またはその近傍に位置するボール系レンズとからなり、前記集光手段で集光されてのち前記ボール系レンズを透過した太陽光を受光するようになし、
前記ボール系レンズが、直径ｄのボールレンズからなり、
さらに石英ロッドからなり該石英ロッドを取り巻く空気をクラッドとし、ボール系レンズで集光された光が入射される受光面をボール系レンズからＬの間隔にした導光路を含み、
前記ボール系レンズを透過した太陽光を該ボール系レンズの出射面近傍に焦点を形成させ、ｄ／Ｌが０．２以下になるようにして該導光路の入射端である受光面より入射させ、出射した太陽光を受光するようになした太陽光集光装置。 A condensing device used to collect and receive sunlight, comprising condensing means comprising a curved mirror or lens and a ball lens located at or near the focal point of the curved mirror or lens. , So as to receive sunlight that has been collected by the light collecting means and then transmitted through the ball- based lens,
The ball system lens is made Borure lens diameter d,
And a light guide path formed of a quartz rod with the air surrounding the quartz rod as a clad and having a light receiving surface on which light collected by the ball lens is incident at an interval L from the ball lens ,
Sunlight that has passed through the ball lens is focused in the vicinity of the exit surface of the ball lens, and is incident from the light receiving surface that is the incident end of the light guide so that d / L is 0.2 or less. A sunlight condensing device adapted to receive emitted sunlight. 前記導光路が出射がわで複数に分岐したものであり、分岐した各導光路から出射した太陽光をそれぞれ受光するようになした請求項１に記載の太陽光集光装置。 The solar light collecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the light guide path is branched into a plurality of light beams and receives sunlight emitted from each branched light guide path. 請求項１または２に記載の太陽光集光装置を用いた発電装置。 A power generation device using the solar light collecting device according to claim 1. 請求項１または２に記載の太陽光集光装置を用いたスターリングエンジン駆動熱源。 A Stirling engine drive heat source using the solar light collecting device according to claim 1.
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