JP5387121B2

JP5387121B2 - Rotating electric machine

Info

Publication number: JP5387121B2
Application number: JP2009114490A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 明秀真下; 敏則板垣
Original assignee: Fuji Electric Co Ltd
Current assignee: Fuji Electric Co Ltd
Priority date: 2009-05-11
Filing date: 2009-05-11
Publication date: 2014-01-15
Anticipated expiration: 2029-05-11
Also published as: JP2010263744A

Description

本発明は、固定子鉄心を冷却媒体により冷却するようにした回転電機に関する。 The present invention relates to a rotating electrical machine in which a stator core is cooled by a cooling medium.

回転電機は、主として固定子と回転子とから構成され、固定子側には、固定子鉄心と固定子巻線が設けられている。この固定子巻線には交流電流が通電されるため、固定子鉄心には交流磁束が生じ、固定子側には固定子巻線電流によるジュール損失の他に固定子鉄心内に鉄損（ヒステリシス損および渦電流損）が発生する。このため、固定子側を冷却する必要がある。
このため、回転電機においては固定子側を冷却することが一般的に行われるが、固定子側を冷却する方法としては、冷却媒体として冷却水を用いた水冷方式が知られている（特許文献１、２参照）。特許文献１、２による水冷方式を用いた従来の回転電機の構成を図４、図５、図６に基づいて説明する。
図４は固定子を水冷する回転電機の断面図であり、図５は図４に示された回転電機の固定子鉄心と固定子鉄心枠の断面図、図６は冷却装置の円周方向展開図である。 The rotating electrical machine is mainly composed of a stator and a rotor, and a stator core and a stator winding are provided on the stator side. Since an alternating current is applied to the stator winding, an alternating magnetic flux is generated in the stator core. In addition to the Joule loss due to the stator winding current, iron loss (hysteresis) is generated in the stator core. Loss and eddy current loss). For this reason, it is necessary to cool the stator side.
For this reason, in the rotating electrical machine, the stator side is generally cooled. As a method for cooling the stator side, a water cooling method using cooling water as a cooling medium is known (Patent Document). 1 and 2). A configuration of a conventional rotating electric machine using a water cooling system according to Patent Documents 1 and 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4, 5, and 6.
4 is a cross-sectional view of a rotating electrical machine that cools the stator with water, FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the stator core and the stator core frame of the rotating electrical machine shown in FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is a circumferential development of the cooling device. FIG.

図４において、永久磁石２をその表面に取り付けた回転子１は回転軸１０に止着され、軸受１１を介して固定子枠１３と回転自在に支承されている。永久磁石２に対向して固定子鉄心３および固定子巻線４が配置され、これらは固定子鉄心枠５を介して固定子枠１３に固設されている。固定子鉄心枠５内には貫通孔６が円周方向に複数箇所設けられており、その軸方向両端は水室７に接続されている。この貫通孔６には水室７から冷却水が供給される。なお、８は冷却ファン、９はコイルエンド、１２は攪拌ファンである。
図５は、図４に示した固定子鉄心３と固定子鉄心枠５の断面図であり、貫通孔６が固定子鉄心枠５内に所定の間隔で設けられている。スロット１３に挿入された固定子巻線４に流れる電流により固定子鉄心３に発生した熱は、固定子鉄心枠５を介して貫通孔６に伝達されて、貫通孔６に流れる冷却水により冷却される。
貫通孔６と水室７とからなる冷却装置の接続関係を図６に基づいて説明する。２本の貫通孔６に対して１個の水室７が接続されており、両端の水室７の円周方向配置は貫通孔６のピッチ分だけずれている。この接続により全ての貫通孔６は直列に接続されたことになり、図示されていない循環ポンプにより冷却水の水流は矢印で示した方向に流れる。 In FIG. 4, the rotor 1 having the permanent magnet 2 attached to the surface thereof is fixed to the rotary shaft 10 and is rotatably supported by a stator frame 13 via a bearing 11. A stator core 3 and a stator winding 4 are arranged opposite to the permanent magnet 2, and these are fixed to the stator frame 13 via the stator core frame 5. A plurality of through holes 6 are provided in the circumferential direction in the stator core frame 5, and both axial ends thereof are connected to the water chamber 7. Cooling water is supplied to the through hole 6 from the water chamber 7. In addition, 8 is a cooling fan, 9 is a coil end, 12 is a stirring fan.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the stator core 3 and the stator core frame 5 shown in FIG. 4, and through holes 6 are provided in the stator core frame 5 at predetermined intervals. The heat generated in the stator core 3 due to the current flowing in the stator winding 4 inserted in the slot 13 is transmitted to the through hole 6 through the stator core frame 5 and cooled by the cooling water flowing in the through hole 6. Is done.
The connection relationship of the cooling device which consists of the through-hole 6 and the water chamber 7 is demonstrated based on FIG. One water chamber 7 is connected to the two through holes 6, and the circumferential arrangement of the water chambers 7 at both ends is shifted by the pitch of the through holes 6. As a result of this connection, all the through holes 6 are connected in series, and the water flow of the cooling water flows in the direction indicated by the arrow by a circulation pump (not shown).

特開２００７−１３５３０６号公報JP 2007-135306 A 特開２００７−１６６８１４号公報JP 2007-166814 A

上記のように、従来の回転電機は、固定子鉄心枠に貫通孔が設けられているため、発熱源となる固定子巻線や固定子鉄心から貫通孔までの距離が遠くなり、貫通孔までの熱抵抗が大きくなるため、冷却性能は貫通孔までの距離に左右される。また、固定子鉄心枠は、リング状に構成された円筒であり、多数の貫通孔を形成するために、加工に手間がかかると共に、構造が複雑になるなどの問題があった。
本発明は上記に鑑み、加工に手間がかかることなく、構造も複雑になることなく、冷却性能を高めることのできる回転電機を提供することを目的とする。 As described above, since the conventional rotating electrical machine has a through-hole in the stator core frame, the distance from the stator winding or stator core to the through-hole, which becomes a heat source, is increased and the through-hole is increased. Therefore, the cooling performance depends on the distance to the through hole. In addition, the stator core frame is a ring-shaped cylinder, and there are problems such as troublesome processing and complicated structure because a large number of through holes are formed.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a rotating electrical machine that can increase the cooling performance without taking time and effort for processing and without complicating the structure.

上記課題を解決するために、本発明による回転電機は、回転子軸に取り付けられた回転子と、複数のスロット及び該スロットに巻かれた固定子巻線を有し、スロットと固定子巻線とが空隙を介して回転子外周面に対向するように設置される固定子鉄心とからなる回転電機において、冷却媒体を通流させるための複数の貫通孔が、固定子鉄心の外周面の内側に、所定の間隔で回転子軸方向に設けられ、貫通孔内には、管状部材が設置され、冷却媒体は管状部材内を通流し、貫通孔は、固定子鉄心外周面に向けて前記管状部材の直径より狭い幅の切れ目が設けられていることを特徴とする。

In order to solve the above problems, a rotating electrical machine according to the present invention includes a rotor attached to a rotor shaft, a plurality of slots, and a stator winding wound around the slots, and the slot and the stator winding. In a rotating electrical machine consisting of a stator core that is installed so as to face the rotor outer peripheral surface via a gap, a plurality of through holes for allowing a cooling medium to flow are provided inside the outer peripheral surface of the stator core. in, et al provided in the rotor axis direction at a predetermined interval is, the through hole, the tubular member is disposed, the cooling medium flows through the interior of the tubular member, the through hole, toward the stator core outer circumferential surface the A slit having a width narrower than the diameter of the tubular member is provided.

本発明によれば、冷却水等の冷却媒体が固定子鉄心内を流れるため、冷却媒体が発熱体に近づくことにより、従来の固定子鉄心枠に冷却媒体を通流させる場合に比べて冷却性能を高めることができる。
また、固定子鉄心枠に冷却媒体を通流させる場合には、リング状の固定鉄心枠に多数の貫通孔をあける加工が必要であったため、加工に手間がかかっていた。これに対して、固定子鉄心に多数の貫通孔を設ける場合には、固定子鉄心を形成する積層鋼板を打ち抜き加工する際に、多数の貫通孔を同時に打ち抜けば良いため、加工に手間がかかることなく、構造も複雑になることはない。
さらに、貫通孔は、固定子鉄心外周面に向けて切れ目が設けられていることにより、固定子鉄心を通る磁束は、管状部材を回り込まず、管状部材に電圧を発生しないため、ジュール損失の発生を防止することができる。 According to the present invention, since a cooling medium such as cooling water flows in the stator core, the cooling medium is closer to the heating element, so that the cooling performance is higher than when the cooling medium is passed through the conventional stator core frame. Can be increased.
Further, when the cooling medium is allowed to flow through the stator core frame, it is necessary to process a large number of through holes in the ring-shaped fixed core frame, which requires a lot of work. On the other hand, in the case where a large number of through holes are provided in the stator core, when punching the laminated steel sheet forming the stator core, it is sufficient to punch through the multiple through holes at the same time. In addition, the structure is not complicated.
Furthermore, since the through hole is provided with a cut toward the outer peripheral surface of the stator core, the magnetic flux passing through the stator core does not go around the tubular member and does not generate a voltage in the tubular member. Can be prevented.

本発明による回転電機の固定子側の実施例を説明するための構成図である。It is a block diagram for demonstrating the Example by the side of the stator of the rotary electric machine by this invention. 図１に示す回転電機の部分断面図である。It is a fragmentary sectional view of the rotary electric machine shown in FIG. 本発明による回転電機の他の実施例を説明するために部分断面図である。It is a fragmentary sectional view for demonstrating other Examples of the rotary electric machine by this invention. 従来の回転電機の構成図である。It is a block diagram of the conventional rotary electric machine. 従来の回転電機の構成を説明するための部分断面図である。It is a fragmentary sectional view for demonstrating the structure of the conventional rotary electric machine. 従来の回転電機の冷却装置の構成図である。It is a block diagram of the cooling device of the conventional rotary electric machine.

図１は、本発明による回転電機の固定子側の実施例を示す構成図である。図において、図４、図５、図６と同じ構成要素は同じ符号で示されており、図示されていない回転子側は、図４に記載された従来の回転電機の回転子と同一である。
本発明による回転電機は、電磁鋼板を積層してなる固定子鉄心３の外周面の内側に、貫通孔６が所定の間隔で設けられる。複数の貫通孔６は、固定子鉄心を形成する積層鋼板を打ち抜き加工する際に、同時に加工形成することができるため、リング状の固定子鉄心枠の軸方向に貫通孔をあけるよりも容易に形成することができる。
この貫通孔６には、管状部材１４が貫通孔６に密接するように埋め込まれる。貫通孔６は、固定子鉄心３の全周にわたって所定間隔で設けられており、貫通孔６から突き出した管状部材１４同士が接続され、固定子鉄心３の全周に冷却媒体が通流するように構成されている。冷却媒体として、例えば水冷の場合には冷却水が用いられるが、そのために貫通孔６から突き出した管状部材１４には水室７が接続され、管状部材１４の中に冷却水が通流され、冷却水路として機能する。なお、管状部材１４を１対１で接続する場合には、水室７を設けずに管状部材同士を直接接続することもできる。
図２は、図１に示す回転電機のＡ−Ａ方向の部分断面図であり、図においては、３本の貫通孔５と管状部材１４が固定子鉄心３の外周面の内側に設けられている。図５との比較から明らかなとおり、固定子鉄心３に貫通孔６を設けることにより、発熱部である固定子巻線４やその近傍の固定子鉄心３と冷却水路である貫通孔６との距離Ｌ１を短くでき、熱抵抗を小さくして固定子巻線４の冷却効果を高めることができる。
また、同じ個数の貫通孔を設ける場合には、固定子鉄心枠５に貫通孔を設ける場合に比べて貫通孔間の距離Ｌ２を短くできるため、冷却効果を高めることができる。
図３は、本発明による回転電機の他の実施例を示す断面図であり、図２と同様に図１に示す回転電機のＡ−Ａ方向の断面図である。
この実施例による回転電機は、貫通孔６の回転軸方向に切れ込み部１５が設けられている点が、図２に示す実施例とは相違している。この切れ込み部１５により、貫通孔６は、固定子鉄心枠５側に切れ目が形成されている。この切れ込み部１５を設けることにより、冷却水の水路となる管状部材６を回り込む磁束（図２の矢印Ｂ）が発生しない。
固定子鉄心３の外周上に配置された複数の管状部材１４は、水路を形成するために端部で順次接続されることになるが、矢印Ｂで示すような回り込む磁束が発生した場合、管状部材１４の両端に電圧が発生し、順次接続された管状部材１４間に循環電流が流れてしまい、これにより損失が発生する。
しかし、本発明のように切れ込み部１５を形成すると、冷却水の水路となる管状部材６を回り込む磁束の発生がなくなるため、管状部材１４の両端に発生する電圧がなくなり、損失の発生を防止することができる。なお、切れ込み部１５を設けた場合でも、管状部材６が設けられているため、冷却媒体が漏れることはない。
以上の実施例の説明では、冷却媒体として冷却水を用いた水冷方式を説明したが、冷却媒体として空気を用いた空冷方式にも適用できることは勿論である。 FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment on the stator side of a rotating electrical machine according to the present invention. In the figure, the same components as those in FIGS. 4, 5, and 6 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the rotor side not shown is the same as the rotor of the conventional rotating electric machine described in FIG. .
In the rotating electrical machine according to the present invention, through holes 6 are provided at predetermined intervals inside the outer peripheral surface of a stator core 3 formed by laminating electromagnetic steel plates. Since the plurality of through holes 6 can be simultaneously formed when punching the laminated steel sheet forming the stator core, it is easier than making the through holes in the axial direction of the ring-shaped stator core frame. Can be formed.
The tubular member 14 is embedded in the through hole 6 so as to be in close contact with the through hole 6. The through holes 6 are provided at predetermined intervals over the entire circumference of the stator core 3, the tubular members 14 protruding from the through holes 6 are connected to each other, and the cooling medium flows through the entire circumference of the stator core 3. It is configured. For example, in the case of water cooling, cooling water is used as the cooling medium. For this purpose, the water chamber 7 is connected to the tubular member 14 protruding from the through hole 6, and the cooling water is passed through the tubular member 14. Functions as a cooling water channel. When the tubular members 14 are connected one-on-one, the tubular members can be directly connected without providing the water chamber 7.
FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view in the AA direction of the rotating electrical machine shown in FIG. 1, in which three through holes 5 and a tubular member 14 are provided inside the outer peripheral surface of the stator core 3. Yes. As is clear from comparison with FIG. 5, by providing the through hole 6 in the stator core 3, the stator winding 4 that is a heat generating portion and the stator core 3 in the vicinity thereof and the through hole 6 that is a cooling water channel are provided. The distance L1 can be shortened, the thermal resistance can be reduced, and the cooling effect of the stator winding 4 can be enhanced.
Further, when the same number of through holes are provided, the distance L2 between the through holes can be shortened as compared with the case where the stator core frame 5 is provided with a through hole, so that the cooling effect can be enhanced.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the rotating electrical machine according to the present invention, and is a cross-sectional view of the rotating electrical machine shown in FIG.
The rotating electrical machine according to this embodiment is different from the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 in that a cut portion 15 is provided in the direction of the rotation axis of the through hole 6. Due to the cut portion 15, the through hole 6 is cut on the stator core frame 5 side. By providing the notch 15, magnetic flux (arrow B in FIG. 2) that circulates around the tubular member 6 serving as a cooling water channel is not generated.
The plurality of tubular members 14 arranged on the outer periphery of the stator core 3 are sequentially connected at the ends to form a water channel, but when a magnetic flux wrapping around as indicated by an arrow B is generated, the tubular member 14 is tubular. A voltage is generated at both ends of the member 14, and a circulating current flows between the tubular members 14 connected in sequence, thereby generating a loss.
However, when the cut portion 15 is formed as in the present invention, magnetic flux that circulates around the tubular member 6 serving as the cooling water channel is eliminated, so that no voltage is generated at both ends of the tubular member 14 and loss is prevented. be able to. Even when the notch 15 is provided, the cooling medium does not leak because the tubular member 6 is provided.
In the above description of the embodiment, the water cooling method using the cooling water as the cooling medium has been described. However, it is needless to say that the present invention can also be applied to an air cooling method using air as the cooling medium.

３固定子鉄心
４固定子巻線
５固定子鉄心枠
６貫通孔
１３スロット
１４管状部材
１５切れ込み部
3 Stator Core 4 Stator Winding 5 Stator Core Frame 6 Through Hole 13 Slot 14 Tubular Member 15 Notch

Claims

A rotor attached to the rotor shaft, a plurality of slots and windings wound around the slots, and installed so that the slots and the windings face the outer peripheral surface of the rotor through a gap. In the rotating electrical machine consisting of the stator core
A plurality of through holes for allowing flow through the cooling medium, on the inner side of the outer peripheral surface of the stator core, provided we are in the rotor axis direction at predetermined intervals,
A tubular member is installed in the through hole, and the cooling medium flows through the tubular member,
The through hole is provided with a cut having a width narrower than the diameter of the tubular member toward the outer peripheral surface of the stator core,
The rotating electric machine is a permanent magnet type rotor provided with a permanent magnet.