JP5383944B1 - Seismic isolation structure for houses - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide a seismic isolation structure for a house with a simple configuration that allows the house to be easily seismically isolated.
A foundation foundation 12 installed on the ground, a house 10 disposed above the foundation foundation 12, a foundation foundation 12 placed between the foundation foundation 12 and the house 10, and the foundation 10 placed thereon. The transmission of the seismic force from 12 to the house 10 is cut off, the non-contact state between the foundation foundation 12 and the house 10 is realized, and the edge cutting member 14 whose paint is applied to the contact surface with the house 10 and the foundation foundation 12 This is a seismic isolation structure for a house including a restoration material 16 that is arranged and connected to the house 10.
[Selection] Figure 6

Description

  The present invention relates to a seismic isolation structure for a house.

  In Japan, an earthquake-prone country, various earthquake countermeasures have been adopted.

  Earthquake countermeasures mainly include earthquake resistance and seismic isolation. Here, seismic resistance means construction that reinforces strongly against earthquake motion so that the house does not collapse. That is, in the earthquake-resistant structure, on the assumption that the earthquake motion is transmitted to the house, a method of reinforcing the column, the beam, and the wall to withstand the force is taken.

  However, in the earthquake-resistant structure, it is possible to prevent the house itself from collapsing due to the earthquake motion, but there is a risk that the furniture and electrical appliances in the house may fall over and fall due to the shaking of the earthquake motion. As a result, the furniture may be destroyed or damaged, and the residents may be damaged by the furniture that has fallen or dropped.

On the other hand, seismic isolation refers to a construction where a special platform (seismic isolation bearing) that does not transmit earthquake motion is installed on the foundation of the house, and this earthquake isolation support prevents the earthquake motion from being transmitted to the house. Due to the seismic isolation, displacement occurs between the ground and the house, but the shaking of the house can be greatly reduced. As described above, in the case of seismic isolation, the furniture or the like can be prevented from falling without requiring large-scale seismic reinforcement.
JP 2007-9630 A

  However, since existing houses have weak structures, it is necessary to make them earthquake-resistant or seismically isolated in preparation for a major earthquake in the future. When making earthquake resistance, pillars, beams, walls and the like are reinforced with reinforcing members such as steel frames. However, the above-mentioned problems remain in making earthquake resistance.

  For this reason, it is desirable to make the existing houses seismic isolation. However, a seismic isolation bearing is installed on the foundation foundation, a steel floor beam is installed on the seismic isolation bearing, and a steel floor is installed. It is necessary to install a house on the beam.

  As described above, when an existing house is to be seismically isolated, large-scale construction is required, which is not only technically difficult but also increases costs. As a result, there is another problem that seismic isolation does not proceed for existing houses, despite having a very effective effect on the above-mentioned earthquakes.

  Then, an object of this invention is to provide the seismic isolation structure of a house which can easily base-isolate a house with a simple structure in view of the said problem.

The present invention achieves the house consists of components, and the base foundation installed on the ground, the non-contact state between the house and the base foundation is arranged between the front Symbol foundation basis and the house and wherein the edge cutting member for blocking the transmission of seismic forces to the house from the ground foundation, a seismic isolation structure of a house with a restoration material that will be placed on the base foundation, the edge cutting member of the structural member Applying a wax to a portion that contacts the component, applying a paint to a portion of the edge cutting member that contacts the component member, and placing the house on the edge cutting member without being fixed to the foundation foundation, The restoration material connects the house side and the foundation foundation side .

  In this case, it is preferable to have concrete cast on the foundation.

  In this case, it is preferable that a stopper for limiting the movement of the house is provided on the foundation foundation side.

  In this case, it is preferable that the pipes connected to the house are made of a material or a shape that can be expanded or contracted.

  According to the present invention, between the foundation foundation and the house, the edge foundation member is provided that realizes a non-contact state between the foundation foundation and the house and blocks the transmission of the seismic force from the foundation foundation to the house. Transmission of seismic force from the side to the house side can be prevented. In this way, it is possible to move the foundation foundation relative to the house simply by providing an edge-cutting member (in other words, it is possible to prevent the house from shaking together with the foundation foundation), and the seismic isolation of the house The structure can be easily realized.

  In particular, since the edge cutting member is coated with a paint, the friction coefficient of the surface of the edge cutting member is reduced. Thereby, the frictional force generated between the house and the edge cutting member is reduced. For this reason, an edge cutting member becomes easy to slide with respect to a house. As a result, the seismic force on the ground is hardly transmitted from the foundation foundation to the house through the edge cutting member, and the seismic isolation effect can be enhanced.

  Further, since the concrete is placed on the foundation, the house is supported by the concrete placed on the foundation even when the foundation is moved relative to the house. Thereby, when a foundation foundation moves relative to a house and is located, it can prevent that a big bending stress generate | occur | produces in the foundation wood which comprises a house. As a result, destruction and damage of the house can be prevented.

  Moreover, since the stopper for restrict | limiting the movement of a house is provided in the foundation foundation side, even when a foundation foundation moves relatively with respect to a house, it can prevent that a house falls from a foundation foundation.

  In addition, since the pipes connected to the house are made of a material or shape that can be expanded or contracted or deformed, even when the base foundation moves relative to the house, the relative movement distance is absorbed by the pipes. As a result, the pipes can be prevented from being broken or damaged.

It is a perspective view of the wooden house before the seismic isolation structure of the house concerning one embodiment of the present invention is constructed. It is a 1st process drawing of the seismic isolation construction method of a house concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a 2nd process drawing of the seismic isolation construction method of the house concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a 3rd process drawing of the seismic isolation construction method of the house concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a 4th process drawing of the seismic isolation construction method of the house concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a 5th process figure of the seismic isolation construction method of the house concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a 6th process drawing of the seismic isolation construction method of a house concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a 7th process drawing of the seismic isolation construction method of a house concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing which showed the simple example of the seismic isolation structure of the house which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which showed the comparative example of the seismic isolation structure of the house which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which showed the effect which the concrete laid in the foundation foundation played with respect to a house when the earthquake generate | occur | produced regarding the wooden house which applied the seismic isolation structure of the house which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram of the restoration | restoration material used for the seismic isolation structure of the house which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention.

  Next, a base isolation structure and a base isolation method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(Seismic isolation structure for houses)
As shown in FIG. 1, a seismic isolation structure for a house according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described using a model including a house 10 and a foundation foundation 12 as an example.

  As shown in FIGS. 2-8, the seismic isolation structure of the house which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention is the foundation foundation 12 in which the concrete 18 was laid, the steel plate 14 arrange | positioned on the upper surface of the foundation foundation 12, There is a restoration material 16 arranged on the foundation foundation 12 and connected to the house 10, and a house 10 connected (fixed) to the restoration material 16 and placed on the upper surface of the steel plate 14.

  The house 10 is a wooden house, for example. It may be an existing house or a new house to be built in the future. In addition to a wooden house, a house made of a reinforced steel structure may be used.

  The foundation foundation 12 is composed of a foundation and a foundation. The foundation is for fixing the house to the ground. The foundation is to connect the house and the foundation. The base includes a side base and a partition base.

  The foundation foundation 12 is generally provided with an anchor bolt for joining the foundation and the foundation. Concrete 18 is placed in the space between the partition bases of the base foundation 12.

  The steel plate 14 functions as an edge cutting member that blocks transmission of seismic force from the foundation foundation 12 to the house 10. The steel plate 14 may be configured to be laid over the entire upper surface of the foundation foundation 12 or may be configured to be inserted only in the contact surface between the foundation foundation 12 and the house 10. Further, when an earthquake occurs, the foundation foundation 12 vibrates with the ground with a predetermined amplitude, and a steel plate 14 having a size obtained by adding a predetermined dimension (safety dimension) to the maximum value of the amplitude or the maximum value of the amplitude. Alternatively, it may be inserted between the foundation foundation 12 and the house 10.

  A predetermined paint is applied to the surface of the steel plate 14 from the viewpoint of rust prevention and reduction of the friction coefficient. As the paint, for example, a fluororesin paint is adopted, but the present invention is not limited to this. As the fluororesin paint, for example, polyamideimide (PAI), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or the like is used. The coating material applied to the steel plate 14 is sufficient if it is applied to a portion where the house 10 and the steel plate 14 can contact each other. Since a predetermined paint is applied to the surface of the steel plate 14, slippage easily occurs between the steel plate 14 and the house 10 when an earthquake occurs. By the slip between the steel plate 14 and the house 10, the damping function can be exhibited, and the seismic isolation function can be further enhanced.

  Here, “the part where the house 10 and the steel plate 14 can contact each other” is a state where no earthquake occurs (the steel plate 14 is not vibrating), and the house 10 and the steel plate 14 are in contact with each other. In addition to the part that is being performed, a part (for example, the vibration width of the steel sheet 14) where the house 10 can contact the steel sheet 14 even during the vibration of the steel sheet 14 due to the occurrence of an earthquake or the like is included. Thereby, since the house 10 and the steel plate 14 are always in contact with each other through the paint, the frictional force generated between the house 10 and the steel plate 14 can be reduced, and the occurrence of slippage is caused. Can be promoted.

  On the contrary, when the paint is applied to the contact portion between the foundation foundation 12 and the steel plate 14, the frictional force between the steel plate 14 and the foundation foundation 12 becomes small. For this reason, when an earthquake occurs, there exists a malfunction which the foundation foundation 12 slips with respect to the steel plate 14, and both become difficult to vibrate integrally. Rather, when an earthquake occurs, it is necessary to vibrate the steel plate 14 so as to be integrated with the foundation foundation 12, and therefore it is necessary to obtain a predetermined frictional force therebetween. For these reasons, no paint is applied to the contact portion between the foundation foundation 12 and the steel plate 14.

  Here, as a reason for using the steel plate 14, in the configuration in which the house 10 is directly placed on the surface of the concrete 18, since the friction coefficient of the concrete surface is high, the house 10 moves over the surface of the concrete 18 when an earthquake occurs. They do not slide smoothly and tend to vibrate (shake) together with the concrete 18. For this reason, there existed a problem that seismic force and vibration became easy to be transmitted to the house 10 from the foundation foundation 12 through the concrete 18.

  Therefore, as in the present invention, by simply placing the house 10 on the upper surfaces of the foundation foundation 12 and the concrete 18 without fixing the house 10 to the foundation foundation 12 via the steel plate 14, it is possible to realize edge cutting of the vibration transmission system. Specifically, a state in which the foundation foundation 12 and the house 10 are not in contact with each other is realized, and the edge of the vibration transmission system between the foundation foundation 12 and the house 10 can be realized. For this reason, the steel plate 14 and the foundation foundation 12 can move relative to the house 10, and the house 10 becomes easy to slide with respect to the steel plate 14 and the foundation foundation 12. Thus, even if the foundation foundation 12 vibrates due to an earthquake or the like, the house 10 becomes difficult to vibrate integrally with the foundation foundation 12. As a result, it is possible to greatly suppress the vibration on the concrete 18 side from being transmitted to the house 10 side.

  In particular, since a coating containing a fluororesin is applied to the surface of the steel plate 14, the friction coefficient on the surface of the steel plate 14 can be further reduced. Thereby, the frictional force between the steel plate 14 and the house 10 is reduced, and it becomes easy to slip between the steel plate 14 and the house 10. As a result, the edge cutting effect of the vibration system by the steel plate 14 can be further enhanced.

  Further, the coating material containing the fluororesin is applied to the surface of the steel plate 14, whereby the anticorrosion / rust prevention effect of the steel plate 14 can be obtained.

  In addition, the steel plate 14 is not restricted to being comprised with steel, You may employ | adopt the other metal with which the predetermined coating material was apply | coated.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 6, you may make it apply | coat a wax to the site | part which is the structural member 11 which comprises the house 10, and contacts the steel plate 14. FIG. As an example of the use of wax, a wax emulsion manufactured by Nippon Seiwa Co., Ltd. can be used. Examples of the constituent member 11 constituting the house 10 include wood, and specifically, joists, foundations, floor bundles, and the like. Since the wax is applied to the surface of the constituent member 11 constituting the house 10, the friction coefficient generated between the constituent member 11 and the steel plate 14 can be reduced, and slippage occurs between the two when an earthquake occurs. Can be promoted. As a result, the damping function at the time of the occurrence of an earthquake can be exhibited, and the seismic isolation function can be further enhanced.

  In addition, as an effect which apply | coats wax to the structural member 11 which comprises the house 10, there exists an effect which blocks | prevents that the structural member 11 absorbs moisture not only the effect of generating a slip between the steel plates 14. FIG. Thereby, especially when the component member 11 is made of wood, corrosion of the component member 11 due to moisture absorption can be prevented.

  The restoration material 16 is disposed at a site where the concrete 18 and the steel plate 14 of the foundation foundation 12 are removed. The restoration material 16 includes a material having a high attenuation function and a material having no high attenuation function, and an optimum material is used according to the application. Below, an example of a structure of a restoration | restoration material is demonstrated. As an example of the restoration material 16, restoration rubber is used.

  As shown in FIG. 12, the restoration material 16 includes, for example, a pair of flange plates 50 and a laminated rubber structure 52 sandwiched between the pair of flange plates 50. In the laminated rubber structure 52, for example, thin rubber sheets 54 and internal steel plates 56 are alternately stacked in the axial direction, the outer periphery is covered with a coating rubber 58 having excellent weather resistance, and the end steel plates 60 hold the end portions. It is formed by integrally vulcanizing and bonding.

  Here, the laminated rubber structure 52 is integrally vulcanized using the end steel plate 60, but the end steel plate 60 may be omitted and integrally vulcanized with the pair of flange plates 50.

  As the rubber used for the laminated rubber structure 52, for example, natural rubber added with a filler and a vulcanizing agent can be used.

  The flange plate 50 is provided with a fixing bolt hole 62, and the restoring material 16 can be fixed to the house side by tightening a bolt that penetrates both the fixing bolt hole 62 and the house side hole with a nut. It has become. However, the present invention is not necessarily limited thereto, and one of the flange plates 50 can be welded and fixed to the house side as in the present embodiment.

  Here, the restoring material 16 in the present embodiment has a shear elastic modulus of 0.48 (N / square millimeter) or 0.96 (N / square millimeter), a rubber sheet outer diameter of 120, 150, 270 (mm), The total thickness of the rubber sheet is normalized to 198, 241.5, 460 (mm), the primary shape factor is 2.5, the secondary shape factor is 0.5, and the limit strain is 294 (%). It is not necessarily limited to this.

  Further, the flange plate 50 and the end steel plate 60 are made of rolled steel for general structure (SS400) or rolled steel for building structure (SN400), and the internal steel plate 56 is hot rolled steel plate (SPHC) in addition to SS400 and SN400, or The cold rolled steel plate (SPCC), the rubber sheet 54 can be formed of natural rubber or high damping rubber (using synthetic rubber), and the covering rubber 58 can be formed of special synthetic rubber, but is not necessarily limited thereto.

  Since the restoring material 16 is configured so as to be hardly subjected to a compressive load, it has a feature that shear deformation is increased. In particular, a rubber sheet 54 using a high damping rubber (high damping rubber bearing) has both a horizontal spring function for generating a restoring force and a damping function for absorbing energy. It becomes unnecessary.

  By using the restoration material 16, it is possible to adjust the unique value of the house 10 (the period inherent in the object 10, which is a value portion that varies depending on the shape and weight). Thereby, it becomes possible to make the vibration characteristic of an earthquake differ from the eigenvalue of the house 10, and it can suppress that both resonate. As a result, the collapse of the house 10 can be prevented.

  As shown in FIG. 7, a stopper 20 is provided in the seismic isolation structure for a house according to an embodiment of the present invention. The stopper 20 is installed at the edge of the placed concrete 18 or the like. The stopper 20 is for preventing the house 10 from falling from the foundation foundation 12 when the foundation foundation 12 moves greatly with respect to the house 10 when an earthquake or the like occurs.

  In the seismic isolation structure for a house according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 8, an outdoor unit 22 of an air conditioner (not shown) is provided on the wall surface of the house 10. Accordingly, in the configuration in which the house 10 is not firmly connected and fixed to the base foundation 12, the outdoor unit 22 is integrated with the house 10 even when the base foundation 12 moves relative to the house 10. It is possible to prevent breakage and breakage of pipes and connecting parts that connect the machine 22 and an air conditioner (not shown) installed in the house 10.

  In addition, pipes 24 such as water pipes, gas pipes and drain pipes connecting the ground side and the house side are replaced with flexible pipes 26 formed of a flexible and elastic material. For example, a rubber tube is used for the flexible tube 26. The flexible tube 26 is formed in a bellows shape or a curved shape that can be expanded and contracted. Thereby, even when the foundation foundation 12 moves relative to the house 10, the flexible tube 26 can be freely deformed / stretched, so that the flexible tube 26 can be prevented from being broken or broken.

(Seismic isolation method for houses)
Next, a seismic isolation method for a house according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. Here, the case where the seismic isolation construction method of the house of this invention is applied with respect to the existing wooden house fixed to the foundation is illustrated. However, the seismic isolation method for a house according to the present invention is not limited to being applied to an existing wooden house, and can also be applied as a seismic isolation structure for a new house to be built in the future.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the anchor bolt 32 that fixes the foundation foundation 12 and the house 10 is cut by a cutting device such as a cutter 30. Thereby, the foundation foundation 12 and the house 10 are separated. At that time, it is preferable to cut the base foundation 12 by about 1 cm to form an insertion hole (not shown) so that the steel plate 14 can be inserted in a subsequent process.

  As shown in FIG. 3, a formwork 28 necessary for placing concrete is installed around the foundation foundation 12. Then, the steel plate 14 is inserted into the insertion hole. A coating containing a fluororesin is applied to the surface of the steel plate 14. In addition, when inserting the steel plate 14, the house 10 is jacked up using a jack as needed. By the insertion of the steel plate 14, the foundation foundation 12 and the house 10 are completely cut out from each other and become independent from each other.

  As shown in FIG. 4, after inserting the steel plate 14, concrete 18 is placed between the gap inside the foundation foundation 12 and between the foundation foundation 12 and the formwork 28. At this time, the foundation and concrete at the place where the restoration material 16 is installed are removed.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 5, the restoration material 16 is installed inside the foundation foundation 12. The part where the restoration material 16 is installed is preferably a part on a vertical line passing through the center of the house 10 or (the position of the center of gravity).

  As shown in FIG. 6, the restoration material 16 installed inside the foundation foundation 12 and the house 10 are connected and fixed. The method of fixing the restoration material 16 to the house 10 is as described above.

  As shown in FIG. 7, after the concrete 18 is hardened, the house 10 is jacked down. And the stopper 20 for restrict | limiting the movement of the house 10 is installed in the edge part etc. of the concrete 18 cast | placed between the foundation foundation 12 and the formwork 28. FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 8, an air conditioner outdoor unit 22 is installed on the wall surface of the house 10. Then, the pipes 24 such as water pipes, gas pipes and drain pipes are replaced with flexible pipes 26.

  According to the base isolation structure of the present invention, when an earthquake occurs, the seismic force is transmitted from the ground to the foundation foundation 12. Thereby, the foundation foundation 12 vibrates integrally with the steel plate 14. Then, since the house 10 is placed on the upper surface of the steel plate 14, the seismic force transmitted to the steel plate 14 attempts to be transmitted to the house 10.

  However, since the frictional force generated between the upper surface of the steel plate 14 and the lower surface of the house 10 is small, the steel plate 14 and the foundation foundation 12 move relative to each other while sliding on the lower surface of the house 10. Thus, the seismic force from the foundation foundation 12 is difficult to be transmitted to the house 10 via the steel plate 14.

  As described above, the steel plate 14 is interposed between the foundation foundation 12 and the house 10, and the seismic force is reduced by the simple method of maintaining the state where the foundation foundation 12 and the house 10 are completely in non-contact. A structure that is difficult to be transmitted from the foundation 12 to the house 10 can be realized. Thereby, even when an earthquake occurs, the house 10 can be prevented from shaking. As a result, it is possible to prevent the furniture and the like in the house from falling or collapsing.

  Here, a simple example is given and demonstrated about the seismic isolation principle of this invention.

  FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a simplified example of a seismic isolation structure for a house according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the present invention, a steel plate 14 is interposed between the foundation foundation 12 and the house 10, and the house 10 is simply placed on the upper surface of the steel sheet 14 without being fixed to the steel plate 14 and the foundation foundation 12. It is the composition. For this reason, it can be identified with a dynamic model of dharma dropping as shown in FIG. In FIG. 9, when the bottom piece 100 is quickly hit in the horizontal direction, the bottom piece 100 slides relative to the house model 102 and moves relatively. Then, only the piece 100 is removed, and the house model 102 that is simply placed without being fixed to the piece 100 is dropped as it is. At that time, the furniture model 104 housed in the house model 102 falls down together with the house model 102 without falling down. The present invention prevents the furniture housed in the house 10 from collapsing, just like the simple example of dharma dropping shown in FIG.

  FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing a comparative example of a base seismic isolation structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the comparison target example, the lowermost piece 106 and the house model 108 are dynamic models firmly fixed by bolts 110 or the like. In FIG. 10, when the bottom piece 106 is quickly hit in the horizontal direction, the piece 106 does not move relative to the house model 108, and the impact force acting on the piece 106 is applied to the house model 108 via the bolt 110. introduce. As a result, the house model 108 vibrates (moves) rapidly together with the piece 106 fixed by the bolt 110. And the furniture model 112 accommodated in the house model 108 falls and collapses.

  Thus, in the present invention, the structure is fundamentally different from the dynamic model of FIG. 10, and is not a structure in which the piece 106 and the house model 108 are firmly fixed by a fixing tool such as a bolt 110. That is, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 9, when an impact force is applied to the piece 100, the piece 100 slides relative to the house model 102, and the house model 102 falls down as it is. To do. As a result, it is possible to prevent the furniture model 104 housed in the house model 102 from falling or collapsing.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 11, in the present invention, since the concrete 18 is placed inside the foundation foundation 12, even when the foundation foundation 12 moves relative to the house 10 when an earthquake occurs, the house 10 is It is always supported by the concrete 18 placed on the foundation foundation 12. Thereby, when the foundation foundation 12 is moved relative to the house 10, it is possible to prevent a large bending stress from being generated in the foundation wood 11 constituting a part of the house 10. As a result, destruction / breakage of the house 10 can be prevented. Even in a configuration in which the steel plate 14 is interposed between the concrete 18 of the foundation foundation 12 and the house 10, the steel plate 14 is always supported from below by the concrete 18, so the steel plate 14 is not bent and deformed. Thereby, destruction / breakage of the steel plate 14 by an earthquake can also be prevented.

10 house 11 component 12 foundation foundation 14 steel plate (edge cutting member)
16 Restoring material 18 Concrete 20 Stopper 22 Outdoor unit 26 Flexible pipe 28 Formwork

Claims (4)

A house composed of components ,
A foundation foundation installed on the ground;
And edge cutting member before SL is disposed between the base underlying the said house to realize a non-contact state between the house and the foundation basis, and to block the transmission of the seismic forces from the base foundation to the house,
A restoration material that will be placed on the base foundation,
A seismic isolation structure for a house having
Applying wax to a portion of the component that contacts the edge cutting member;
Apply paint to the portion of the edge cutting member that contacts the component member;
A seismic isolation structure for a house, wherein the house is placed on the edge cutting member without being fixed to the foundation, and the restoration material connects the house side and the foundation foundation side .   2. The seismic isolation structure for a house according to claim 1, comprising concrete placed on the foundation foundation. 3.   The seismic isolation structure for a house according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a stopper for restricting movement of the house on the foundation foundation side.   The seismic isolation structure for a house according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the pipes connected to the house are made of a material or a shape that can be expanded and contracted or deformed.