JP5383157B2 - 浄水のための動的処理システムおよび浄水における動的処理のための方法 - Google Patents
浄水のための動的処理システムおよび浄水における動的処理のための方法 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
- B01D21/01—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation using flocculating agents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
- B01D21/26—Separation of sediment aided by centrifugal force or centripetal force
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
- B01D21/26—Separation of sediment aided by centrifugal force or centripetal force
- B01D21/265—Separation of sediment aided by centrifugal force or centripetal force by using a vortex inducer or vortex guide, e.g. coil
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/44—Edge filtering elements, i.e. using contiguous impervious surfaces
- B01D29/48—Edge filtering elements, i.e. using contiguous impervious surfaces of spirally or helically wound bodies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/40—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using edge filters, i.e. using contiguous impervious surfaces
- B01D46/403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using edge filters, i.e. using contiguous impervious surfaces of helically or spirally wound bodies
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/38—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by centrifugal separation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
- C02F1/56—Macromolecular compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/02—Fluid flow conditions
- C02F2301/024—Turbulent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/02—Fluid flow conditions
- C02F2301/026—Spiral, helicoidal, radial
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/04—Flow arrangements
- C02F2301/046—Recirculation with an external loop
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
Description
1)システムに対するTSS(総懸濁固形分)投入量を軽くするための、フロント−エンド(front-end)としての螺旋粒子抽出能力の使用。プロセスのフロント−エンドでのフラッシュ混合も、化学反応速度を高め、より完全な反応をもたらす。
2)急速な放物線流動からの高速剪断および凝固剤によって、加速される凝集速度(agglomeration kinetics)に対する理想的な均一サイズの種粒子が得られる、狭い流動チャネルでの動的移送能力の使用。
3)沈殿槽内に沈殿させる前に、数百ミクロンのサイズまで凝集(agglomerate)させることが可能な従来の粒子に依拠するのではなく、螺旋装置によって、5μm程度に小さいピンフロック(pin flocc)(凝固の終わりと凝結の初めとの間の転移点での粒度)を除去することが可能。このプロセスは、加速された凝集ももたらす。
4)付随する化学薬品と共に、凝結および沈殿ステップを完全にまたはほぼ除去することが可能。これは、土地利用および保全労力の削減も可能にするであろう。
5)化学薬品の漸増的用量が可能。
(1)
(式中、N0は、実験開始時の粒子濃度であり、tは時間であり、τはプロセスの特徴的時間尺度である)
(2)
但し上式は、時間オフセットおよび一定バックグラウンドを加えることによって方程式(1)から導き出されたものであり、
(3)
さらに下記の通りである。
(4)
凝集(aggregation)プロセスを開始するために、凝固剤を添加し、pHを約9のアルカリレベルに調節する。これら2種の物質をサンプル液体に添加する速度および順序は、溶液のイオン強度およびコロイド粒子の表面電荷が定義されるようなものである。凝固剤は、注入ポイントでサンプル溶液を不安定化させ、かつ局所粘度を実質的に増大させる非常に大きいが緩やかに接続されたフロックの形成をもたらすので、この段階での高速混合は、必須である。十分な剪断によって、このフロックの網状構造が破壊され、サンプル体積内の凝固剤全ての良好な混合が促進されることになる。標準ジャー試験では、全ての凝固剤を最初に高速で添加し、次いでpHを1N NaOH溶液で調節する。本明細書において、本発明者等は、この標準プロセスと、凝固剤を少量ずつ添加した後すぐにNaOH溶液でpHレベルを調節する段階的手順とを比較する。
図14(a)および(b)は、標準と、追加の螺旋装置を使用するジャー試験の実験に関する濁度測定値を比較する。この場合、サンプルを最初に高速で撹拌した。3分後、スターラを停止させた。修正を加えた装置では、液体を、断面が3×3mm2の螺旋チャネルを通して333ml/分の流量で、高速撹拌しながら3分間、その後さらに27分間ポンプ送出した。この流量で、チャネル内部の平均剪断速度は、円筒状ビーカー(段階1中)内部の平均剪断速度よりも約1桁分大きい。標準ジャー試験の場合、NTUの読取りは、高速撹拌を停止した直後に低下する(四角注釈付き曲線)。修正ジャー試験では、NTUの読取りは、サンプル流体をチャネル内に押し出す間の30分間は高いままである(図14(b)参照)が、その後、より速く低下する(円注釈付き曲線)。流体チャネル内の実質的により高い剪断速度は、凝固剤を添加した直後に形成された初期フロックのより過酷な破壊を引き起こすことになり、小さくて非常に圧密化されたフロック(1次粒子)だけが、存続することになる。その一方で、サンプル流体をチャネル内に循環させた状態の30分間で、全ての凝固剤がサンプル内でうまく混合され、ポンプを停止させた後に素早い凝集が開始された。標準ジャー試験では、形成される緩いフロックは、高速混合中であっても破壊されない。そのサイズが大きいので、より圧密化された凝集体よりもゆっくりと拡散することになり、成長プロセスの終了はより遅くなるであろう。
1)1μmまでのデザインカットオフに基づいた微粒子抽出
2)動的処理−凝集体動力学の移送および強化
3)中間濾過ステップの置換
4)TSS投入を軽減するための、MWTへのフロント−エンド
5)カスケード式動作
6)並列可能な動作
7)拡大縮小可能な高スループットの連続流
8)より短い処理時間、より小さいフットプリント、低TCO(所有権の全コスト:total cost of ownership)
9)凝結および沈殿ステップの除外−化学薬品、土地、および労働力や電力などを含めた運転雑費の節約
10)水中でのその他の適用例に関しては、限定するものではないがIC製作再利用、冷却搭水、MBR(膜バイオリアクタ)、RO(逆浸透)の前処理、および廃水再利用
Claims (6)
- 供給源から水を受け取る入口と、
第1の粒子を濾過するように動作可能なフィルタ段階と、
前記濾過された水を受け取り、凝固するように動作可能な混合段階と、
前記凝固した水を受け取り、凝結剤で処理し、水から第2の粒子を分離するように動作可能な螺旋段階であって、前記螺旋段階の入口が流出液用の出口と濃縮液用の出口とを有する出口に連続流を供給するように構成されている螺旋段階と、
前記螺旋段階からの水から第3の粒子を濾過するように動作可能な第2のフィルタ段階と、
を含むことを特徴とする、浄水のための動的処理システム。 - 請求項1に記載のシステムであって、前記螺旋段階の出口または前記第2のフィルタ段階から前記供給源または前記螺旋段階の入口へのフィードバック経路をさらに含むことを特徴とするシステム。
- 供給源から水を受け取るステップと、
前記水を濾過して第1の粒子を除去するステップと、
前記濾過された水と塩素および凝固剤とをフラッシュ混合するステップと、
前記フラッシュ混合の産出物と凝結剤とを螺旋段階で低速混合するステップと、
前記螺旋段階で第2の粒子を分離するステップと、
前記螺旋段階の産出物を濾過して、第3の粒子を除去するステップと、
を含み、
前記螺旋段階において、前記低速混合の後に前記第2の粒子の分離が行われ、前記螺旋段階は、チャネルを含む本体を有し、前記チャネルの入口が流出液用の出口と濃縮液用の出口とを有するチャネル出口に連続流を供給するように構成され、凝結剤による処理および第2の粒子の分離が行われるように構成されていることを特徴とする、浄水における動的処理のための方法。 - 請求項3に記載の方法であって、前記分離するステップまたは濾過するステップから前記供給源へのフィードバック経路でスラッジを除去するために脱水するステップをさらに含むことを特徴とする方法。
- 供給源から水を受け取る入口と、
第1の粒子を濾過するように動作可能なフィルタ段階と、
前記濾過された水を受け取り、凝固するように動作可能な混合段階と、
前記凝固した水を受け取り、凝結剤で処理し、水から第2の粒子を分離するように動作可能な分離段階であって、前記分離段階は、流出液用の第1の出口と濃縮液用の第2の出口とを有する出口に連続流を供給するように構成されている入口を有するチャネルを含む分離段階と、
前記分離段階からの水から第3の粒子を濾過するように動作可能な第2のフィルタ段階と、
を含むことを特徴とする、浄水のための動的処理システム。 - 供給源から水を受け取るステップと、
前記水を濾過して第1の粒子を除去するステップと、
前記濾過された水と塩素および凝固剤とをフラッシュ混合するステップと、
前記フラッシュ混合の産出物と凝結剤とを低速混合するステップと、
前記低速混合の産出物を濾過して、第3の粒子を除去するステップと、
を含み、
装置において前記低速混合の後に第2の粒子の分離が行われ、前記装置は、チャネルを含む本体を有し、前記チャネルの入口が流出液用の出口と濃縮液用の出口とを有するチャネル出口に連続流を供給するように構成され、凝結剤による処理および第2の粒子の分離が行われるように構成されていることを特徴とする、浄水における動的処理のための方法。
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US11/936,753 US9862624B2 (en) | 2007-11-07 | 2007-11-07 | Device and method for dynamic processing in water purification |
US11/936,753 | 2007-11-07 |
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JP2009113036A JP2009113036A (ja) | 2009-05-28 |
JP5383157B2 true JP5383157B2 (ja) | 2014-01-08 |
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US (1) | US9862624B2 (ja) |
EP (2) | EP2058284B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5383157B2 (ja) |
CN (2) | CN103351071B (ja) |
SA (2) | SA08290651B1 (ja) |
SG (3) | SG10201407279WA (ja) |
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CN103351071A (zh) | 2013-10-16 |
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SG152214A1 (en) | 2009-05-29 |
SA08290651B1 (ar) | 2013-11-17 |
JP2009113036A (ja) | 2009-05-28 |
EP2479146A1 (en) | 2012-07-25 |
CN101445284A (zh) | 2009-06-03 |
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