JP5368150B2 - Switch - Google Patents
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- JP5368150B2 JP5368150B2 JP2009098096A JP2009098096A JP5368150B2 JP 5368150 B2 JP5368150 B2 JP 5368150B2 JP 2009098096 A JP2009098096 A JP 2009098096A JP 2009098096 A JP2009098096 A JP 2009098096A JP 5368150 B2 JP5368150 B2 JP 5368150B2
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 4
- BGPVFRJUHWVFKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N1=C2C=CC=CC2=[N+]([O-])C1(CC1)CCC21N=C1C=CC=CC1=[N+]2[O-] Chemical compound N1=C2C=CC=CC2=[N+]([O-])C1(CC1)CCC21N=C1C=CC=CC1=[N+]2[O-] BGPVFRJUHWVFKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
Abstract
Description
この発明は、電力系統の電路を開閉する、例えば断路器や遮断器などの開閉器に関するもので、特に開閉器の電極構造の改良に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a switch such as a disconnector or a circuit breaker that opens and closes an electric circuit of an electric power system, and particularly relates to an improvement in an electrode structure of the switch.
例えばＳＦ６ガスや乾燥空気といった、絶縁性ガス中において電流を遮断する断路器もしくは遮断器において、電流遮断時に電極間で発生するアークを遮断する手法として、永久磁石から発生される磁界によってアークを回転駆動させて遮断させる方法がある。これは、固定電極もしくは可動電極のアーク発生部近傍に永久磁石を配設し、アークに流れる電流と永久磁石の磁界によって発生する電磁力がアーク自身に作用し、アークが駆動する方式である。 For example, in a disconnector or circuit breaker that cuts off current in an insulating gas such as SF 6 gas or dry air, the arc is generated by a magnetic field generated from a permanent magnet as a method of cutting off an arc generated between electrodes when the current is cut off. There is a method of blocking by rotating it. This is a system in which a permanent magnet is disposed in the vicinity of an arc generating portion of a fixed electrode or a movable electrode, and an electromagnetic force generated by a current flowing through the arc and a magnetic field of the permanent magnet acts on the arc itself to drive the arc.
このようなアーク遮断方式において、固定電極および可動電極が円柱もしくは円筒状の形状である場合、電極はほぼ同軸上に配設され、可動電極はその軸に沿って固定電極から離れる。この時、電流遮断時に電極間に発生したアークは、永久磁石によってアークと直行する略半径方向の磁界を受けて、電極の円周方向に駆動する。
永久磁石の形態としては、大きく２種類あり、電極の中心付近に円柱状の永久磁石が配設される場合と、電極の周囲にリング状の永久磁石が配設される場合がある。
前者の例としては、中空部を有する円柱状の固定電極の中空部内部に円柱状の永久磁石を配設するようにしたものがある（例えば特許文献１）。また、後者の例としては、円筒状の固定電極の外周部にリング状の永久磁石を配設するようにしたものがある（例えば特許文献２）。
更に、永久磁石が設けられる電極の近傍に永久磁石の磁路を形成する磁性体を設けて、アークに作用する半径方向の磁界を強め、アーク遮断性能を向上させた開閉器（例えば特許文献２）もある。
In such an arc interruption method, when the fixed electrode and the movable electrode have a cylindrical or cylindrical shape, the electrodes are arranged substantially coaxially, and the movable electrode is separated from the fixed electrode along its axis. At this time, the arc generated between the electrodes when the current is interrupted receives a substantially radial magnetic field perpendicular to the arc by the permanent magnet and is driven in the circumferential direction of the electrode.
There are two types of permanent magnets. A cylindrical permanent magnet is disposed near the center of the electrode, and a ring-shaped permanent magnet is disposed around the electrode.
As an example of the former, there is one in which a columnar permanent magnet is disposed inside a hollow portion of a columnar fixed electrode having a hollow portion (for example, Patent Document 1). Moreover, as an example of the latter, there is one in which a ring-shaped permanent magnet is disposed on the outer peripheral portion of a cylindrical fixed electrode (for example, Patent Document 2).
Furthermore, a magnetic body that forms a magnetic path of the permanent magnet is provided in the vicinity of the electrode on which the permanent magnet is provided, and a radial magnetic field acting on the arc is strengthened to improve the arc interruption performance (for example, Patent Document 2). There is also.
永久磁石を用いたアーク回転は、アークに対して直行する磁界、すなわち半径方向の磁界と、アーク中に流れる電流の電磁力によって発生する。従来の構造においては、永久磁石の形状によって形成される磁界分布およびアーク周辺の半径方向の磁界強度が決定される。即ち、従来のものは永久磁石が形成する磁界分布だけでアークの電磁力を発生させていた為、アークに発生する電磁力は弱く、遮断性能は必ずしも良いとは言い切れなかった。
そこで特許文献２のように、電極の近傍に永久磁石の磁路を変歪させる磁性体を設けて、アークに作用する半径方向の磁界を強め遮断性能を向上させるようにもしている。しかし、磁性体は固定電極の外周または内周面で、且つ永久磁石の可動電極と面する側とは反対の面に配置したもので、アークに作用する半径方向の磁界を強めるには充分でなかった。
Arc rotation using a permanent magnet is generated by a magnetic field perpendicular to the arc, that is, a radial magnetic field, and an electromagnetic force of a current flowing in the arc. In the conventional structure, the magnetic field distribution formed by the shape of the permanent magnet and the radial magnetic field strength around the arc are determined. That is, since the conventional electromagnetic force is generated only by the magnetic field distribution formed by the permanent magnet, the electromagnetic force generated by the arc is weak, and the interruption performance is not necessarily good.
Therefore, as in Patent Document 2, a magnetic body that deforms the magnetic path of the permanent magnet is provided in the vicinity of the electrode so as to increase the radial magnetic field acting on the arc and improve the interruption performance. However, the magnetic material is arranged on the outer periphery or inner peripheral surface of the fixed electrode and on the surface opposite to the side facing the movable electrode of the permanent magnet, and is sufficient to increase the radial magnetic field acting on the arc. There wasn't.
また、永久磁石が固定電極もしくは可動電極の内部に配設され、アーク発生点が磁石近傍である場合、アーク発生点付近でアークに流れる電流と直行する磁界が得られず、アークが回転する間、発生点からアークが動かないことがある。このとき、アーク発生点近傍の電極温度が上昇するため、金属蒸気が発生しやすくなり、結果的に消弧性能を悪化させる原因となる。 In addition, when a permanent magnet is disposed inside a fixed electrode or movable electrode and the arc generation point is in the vicinity of the magnet, the current flowing through the arc near the arc generation point cannot be obtained, and the arc rotates. The arc may not move from the point of occurrence. At this time, since the electrode temperature in the vicinity of the arc generation point rises, metal vapor is likely to be generated, resulting in deterioration of the arc extinguishing performance.
この発明は、このような課題を解決するもので、永久磁石近傍に配置される磁性体の形状および配置を工夫することで、固定電極と可動電極の間に発生するアークの回転駆動に寄与する磁界を強めるよう分布を制御した開閉器を提供することを目的とするものである。 This invention solves such a problem, and contributes to the rotational drive of the arc generated between the fixed electrode and the movable electrode by devising the shape and arrangement of the magnetic body arranged in the vicinity of the permanent magnet. An object of the present invention is to provide a switch whose distribution is controlled so as to increase the magnetic field.
この発明の開閉器は、絶縁性ガス中に配設された円柱状または円筒状の可動電極と、この可動電極の軸方向に沿って配設され、可動電極と接触する箇所を有した固定電極と、可動電極と接触する箇所の固定電極内部に、固定電極と同軸となるよう配設された円柱状の永久磁石とを有する開閉器において、円柱状の永久磁石よりも小さな直径を有し、円柱状の永久磁石と同軸上で、円柱状の永久磁石の可動電極と面する平面上に円柱状の磁性体を配設し、永久磁石の平面は磁性体との非接触部分を有するようにしたものである。 The switch according to the present invention includes a columnar or cylindrical movable electrode disposed in an insulating gas, and a fixed electrode disposed along the axial direction of the movable electrode and having a portion in contact with the movable electrode. And a switch having a cylindrical permanent magnet disposed so as to be coaxial with the fixed electrode inside the fixed electrode at a position in contact with the movable electrode, and having a smaller diameter than the cylindrical permanent magnet, A cylindrical magnetic body is disposed coaxially with the cylindrical permanent magnet on a plane facing the movable electrode of the cylindrical permanent magnet, and the plane of the permanent magnet has a non-contact portion with the magnetic body. It is what.
この発明は、永久磁石の径よりも小さい径の磁性体を、対向する電極に面する永久磁石の平面上に配置することで、アークの回転に寄与する磁界を強めるよう制御出来るため、アークに作用する電磁力を向上させ、制御しない場合より多く駆動させることが出来る。このため、電極の温度上昇を抑制し、金属蒸気の発生を防ぐことが出来、結果的に開閉器の消弧性能が向上できる。 In the present invention, since a magnetic body having a diameter smaller than that of the permanent magnet is arranged on the plane of the permanent magnet facing the opposing electrode, the magnetic field contributing to the rotation of the arc can be controlled to be increased. The acting electromagnetic force can be improved and driven more than when it is not controlled. For this reason, the temperature rise of an electrode can be suppressed and generation | occurrence | production of metal vapor | steam can be prevented, and the arc-extinguishing performance of a switch can be improved as a result.
実施の形態１．
以下、この発明の実施の形態１に係る開閉器を図１に基づいて説明する。図１はこの発明の実施の形態１による開閉器の電極部を示す断面図である。 図１に示す開閉器は、図示しない開閉駆動部の駆動によって軸方向に可動される円柱状の可動電極１ａと、この可動電極１ａと同軸上に軸方向に沿って配設され、可動電極１ａと接触する箇所を有した円筒状の固定電極２ａとを有し、これら可動電極１ａと固定電極２ａは乾燥空気、ＳＦ６ガスなどの絶縁性ガス中に配設されている。この実施形態１の固定電極２ａは導電性の板を放射状に組み合わせて構成され、固定導体３に固定されている。固定電極２ａは、円筒内部に設けられた接触部において、可動電極１ａと接触する構造となっている。接触抵抗を安定させ、電流通電時の電磁反発に対抗するため、固定電極２ａの外周部からリング状に成形されたコイルバネ６などによって押さえられているか、固定電極２ａ自身がバネ性を有した導電性材料で構成されている。
Embodiment 1 FIG.
Hereinafter, a switch according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an electrode portion of a switch according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The switch shown in FIG. 1 is provided with a cylindrical movable electrode 1a that is movable in the axial direction by driving of an opening / closing drive unit (not shown), and is disposed coaxially with the movable electrode 1a along the axial direction. The movable electrode 1a and the fixed electrode 2a are disposed in an insulating gas such as dry air or SF6 gas. The fixed electrode 2 a according to the first embodiment is configured by combining conductive plates in a radial manner, and is fixed to the fixed conductor 3. The fixed electrode 2a has a structure in contact with the movable electrode 1a at a contact portion provided inside the cylinder. In order to stabilize the contact resistance and counter the electromagnetic repulsion when the current is energized, it is pressed from the outer periphery of the fixed electrode 2a by a coil spring 6 formed in a ring shape or the fixed electrode 2a itself has a spring property. It is composed of a sex material.
固定電極２ａの外周には、固定電極２と同軸となるよう配設されたリング状の永久磁石４ａが固定導体３に取り付けられている。またリング状の永久磁石４ａを覆うような形状を有したシールド５が固定導体３に取り付けられている。このシールド５は電界緩和を目的としたものである。 A ring-shaped permanent magnet 4 a arranged so as to be coaxial with the fixed electrode 2 is attached to the fixed conductor 3 on the outer periphery of the fixed electrode 2 a. A shield 5 having a shape covering the ring-shaped permanent magnet 4 a is attached to the fixed conductor 3. The shield 5 is intended for electric field relaxation.
上記した開閉器は、更に、リングの永久磁石４ａよりも大きな内径と小さな外径を有したリング状の磁性体１１が、固定電極２ａと同軸上で、リング状永久磁石４ａの可動電極１ａと面する平面上に配設されている。このリングの磁性体１１は、透磁率の大きな材質、例えば鉄や鉄を主成分とする合金が用いられ、２〜５ｍｍ程度の高さを有している。
磁性体１１の高さが永久磁石４ａの直径もしくは内外径に対して大きい場合は、略半径方向への磁界が強まらず、軸方向の磁界が大きくなるため、高さは低くしている。
In the above switch, the ring-shaped magnetic body 11 having a larger inner diameter and smaller outer diameter than the permanent magnet 4a of the ring is coaxial with the fixed electrode 2a, and the movable electrode 1a of the ring-shaped permanent magnet 4a. It is arranged on a facing plane. The ring magnetic body 11 is made of a material having a high magnetic permeability, such as iron or an alloy containing iron as a main component, and has a height of about 2 to 5 mm.
When the height of the magnetic body 11 is larger than the diameter or inner / outer diameter of the permanent magnet 4a, the magnetic field in the substantially radial direction does not increase and the magnetic field in the axial direction increases, so the height is reduced. .
上記構成において、開閉器が開極されると、可動電極１ａが、固定電極２ａから乖離し、電極間にアークＡが発生する。アークＡ内には電流が流れているため、ほぼ軸方向、すなわち図面の左右方向に対して電流が流れる。
また、永久磁石４ａからは同図中破線のような磁界Ｂが発生し、アークＡと鎖交する。このとき、アークＡと直行する、すなわち略半径方向の磁界とアーク内の電流の外積で得られる電磁力が電極の円周方向、すなわち図面の奥行方向に発生するため、アークＡは可動電極１ａおよび固定電極２ａ上を円周方向に駆動し、アークＡを遮断する。
In the above configuration, when the switch is opened, the movable electrode 1a is separated from the fixed electrode 2a, and an arc A is generated between the electrodes. Since a current flows in the arc A, the current flows substantially in the axial direction, that is, in the horizontal direction of the drawing.
Further, a magnetic field B as shown by a broken line in the figure is generated from the permanent magnet 4a and is linked to the arc A. At this time, an electromagnetic force that is orthogonal to the arc A, that is, an electromagnetic force obtained by the outer product of the substantially radial magnetic field and the current in the arc is generated in the circumferential direction of the electrode, that is, in the depth direction of the drawing. And it drives on the fixed electrode 2a in the circumferential direction to interrupt the arc A.
ここで、永久磁石４ａよりも大きな内径と小さな外径を有したリング状の磁性体１１を、リング状永久磁石４ａの可動電極１ａと面する平面上に、永久磁石４ａと同軸となるよう配設すると、磁性体１１によって、永久磁石４ａから発生する磁界が変歪され、固定電極２ａ上における略半径方向の磁界が強められる。このため、アークＡを円周方向に駆動させる電磁力を寄り大きく得ることが出来、電極間に発生するアークＡがより早く回転する。これによって、固定電極２ａのアークＡによる温度上昇が抑制できるため、電極からの金属蒸気発生が抑制され、最終的にアークＡが消弧されやすくなる。 Here, a ring-shaped magnetic body 11 having an inner diameter larger than that of the permanent magnet 4a and a smaller outer diameter is arranged on the plane facing the movable electrode 1a of the ring-shaped permanent magnet 4a so as to be coaxial with the permanent magnet 4a. As a result, the magnetic body 11 deforms the magnetic field generated from the permanent magnet 4a, and the magnetic field in the substantially radial direction on the fixed electrode 2a is strengthened. For this reason, the electromagnetic force that drives the arc A in the circumferential direction can be increased and the arc A generated between the electrodes rotates faster. Thereby, since the temperature rise by the arc A of the fixed electrode 2a can be suppressed, the generation of metal vapor from the electrode is suppressed, and the arc A is finally easily extinguished.
実施の形態２．
次に、この発明の実施の形態２に係る開閉器を図２に基づいて説明する。図２はこの発明の実施の形態２による開閉器の電極部を示す断面図である。
図２に示す開閉器において、図示しない開閉駆動部の駆動によって軸方向に可動される可動電極１ｂは円筒状に形成され、この可動電極１ｂの外周にはバネ性を持った導電性コイル７が配設されている。この可動電極１ｂと同軸上に軸方向に沿って配設された円筒状の固定電極２ｂは、可動電極１ｂの導電性コイル７と接触する箇所の内周と中空部を有し、固定導体３に固定されている。可動電極１ｂと固定電極２ｂは、乾燥空気、ＳＦ６ガスなどの絶縁性ガス中に配設されている。
Embodiment 2. FIG.
Next, a switch according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing an electrode portion of a switch according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
In the switch shown in FIG. 2, a movable electrode 1b that is movable in the axial direction by driving of an opening / closing drive unit (not shown) is formed in a cylindrical shape, and a conductive coil 7 having a spring property is provided on the outer periphery of the movable electrode 1b. It is arranged. A cylindrical fixed electrode 2b disposed coaxially with the movable electrode 1b along the axial direction has an inner periphery and a hollow portion in contact with the conductive coil 7 of the movable electrode 1b. It is fixed to. The movable electrode 1b and the fixed electrode 2b are disposed in an insulating gas such as dry air or SF6 gas.
この実施形態２の開閉器における導電性コイル７は、可動電極１ｂが固定電極２ｂへ挿入されている閉路時には常に電流を流して電極間の接触抵抗を下げ、通電断面積を確保することで大電流通電を可能にするものである。
固定電極２ｂの中空部の内部には、固定電極２ｂと同軸となるよう配設されたリング状の永久磁石４ａが配置され、固定導体３に固定されている。
The conductive coil 7 in the switch according to the second embodiment has a large current flow when the movable electrode 1b is inserted into the fixed electrode 2b so that a current flows constantly to reduce the contact resistance between the electrodes, thereby ensuring a large cross-sectional area. It allows current to flow.
Inside the hollow portion of the fixed electrode 2b, a ring-shaped permanent magnet 4a disposed so as to be coaxial with the fixed electrode 2b is disposed and fixed to the fixed conductor 3.
上記した開閉器は、更に、リングの永久磁石４ａよりも大きな内径と小さな外径を有したリング状の磁性体１１が、固定電極２ｂと同軸上で、リング状の永久磁石４ａの可動電極１ｂと面する平面上に配設されている。このリングの磁性体１１は、透磁率の大きな材質、例えば鉄や鉄を主成分とする合金が用いられ、２〜５ｍｍ程度の厚さを有している。 In the above-described switch, the ring-shaped magnetic body 11 having a larger inner diameter and smaller outer diameter than the ring permanent magnet 4a is coaxial with the fixed electrode 2b, and the movable electrode 1b of the ring-shaped permanent magnet 4a. It is arrange | positioned on the plane which faces. The ring magnetic body 11 is made of a material having a high magnetic permeability, for example, iron or an alloy containing iron as a main component, and has a thickness of about 2 to 5 mm.
上記構成において、開閉器が開極されると、可動電極１ｂが固定電極２ｂから乖離して、電極間にアークＡが発生し、永久磁石４ａからは磁界Ｂが発生してアークＡと鎖交することは実施の形態１と同じである。
ここで、リング状永久磁石４ａよりも大きな内径と小さな外径を有したリング状の磁性体１１を、リング状永久磁石４ａの可動電極１ｂと面する平面上に、永久磁石４ａと同軸となるよう配設すると、磁性体１１によって、永久磁石４ａから発生する磁界が変歪され、固定電極２ｂ上における略半径方向の磁界が強められる。このため、アークＡを円周方向に駆動させる電磁力を寄り大きく得ることが出来、電極間に発生するアークＡがより早く回転する。これによって、固定電極２ｂのアークＡによる温度上昇が抑制できるため、電極からの金属蒸気発生が抑制され、最終的にアークＡが消弧されやすくなる。
In the above configuration, when the switch is opened, the movable electrode 1b is separated from the fixed electrode 2b, an arc A is generated between the electrodes, and a magnetic field B is generated from the permanent magnet 4a to link the arc A. This is the same as in the first embodiment.
Here, the ring-shaped magnetic body 11 having a larger inner diameter and smaller outer diameter than the ring-shaped permanent magnet 4a is coaxial with the permanent magnet 4a on a plane facing the movable electrode 1b of the ring-shaped permanent magnet 4a. With this arrangement, the magnetic body 11 deforms the magnetic field generated from the permanent magnet 4a and strengthens the substantially radial magnetic field on the fixed electrode 2b. For this reason, the electromagnetic force that drives the arc A in the circumferential direction can be increased and the arc A generated between the electrodes rotates faster. Thereby, since the temperature rise by the arc A of the fixed electrode 2b can be suppressed, the generation of metal vapor from the electrode is suppressed, and the arc A is finally easily extinguished.
実施の形態３．
次に、この発明の実施の形態３に係る開閉器を図３に基づいて説明する。図３はこの発明の実施の形態３による開閉器の電極部を示す断面図である。
図３に示す開閉器は、図２に示す実施の形態２の開閉器において、固定電極２ｂの内側にアークホーン８ａを設けたもので、その他の構成は図２と同じにつき説明を省略する。
アークホーン８ａは、開閉器の閉極時には、可動電極１ｂの固定電極２ｂへの挿入にともなって図面右側方向に移動し、開極時には、可動電極１ｂの動作にともなって可動電極１ｂに密着したまま図面左側へ移動し、固定電極２ｂよりも後に可動電極１ｂと乖離する電極である。この場合、アークホーン８ａと可動電極１ｂの間にもアークが発生するが、上記実施の形態２と同様の動作を行い、同じ効果が得られる。
Embodiment 3 FIG.
Next, a switch according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing an electrode portion of a switch according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
The switch shown in FIG. 3 is the same as the switch of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 2 except that the arc horn 8a is provided inside the fixed electrode 2b.
When the switch is closed, the arc horn 8a moves to the right in the drawing as the movable electrode 1b is inserted into the fixed electrode 2b, and when the switch is opened, the arc horn 8a is brought into close contact with the movable electrode 1b as the movable electrode 1b operates. The electrode moves to the left side of the drawing as it is and is separated from the movable electrode 1b after the fixed electrode 2b. In this case, an arc is also generated between the arc horn 8a and the movable electrode 1b. However, the same operation as in the second embodiment is performed, and the same effect is obtained.
実施の形態４．
次に、この発明の実施の形態４に係る開閉器を図４に基づいて説明する。図４はこの発明の実施の形態４による開閉器の電極部を示す断面図である。
図４に示す開閉器は、図示しない開閉駆動部の駆動によって軸方向に可動される円柱状の可動電極１ｃと、この可動電極１ｃと同軸上に軸方向に沿って配設され、可動電極１ｃと接触する箇所を有した円筒状の固定電極２ａとを有し、これら可動電極１ｃと固定電極２ａは乾燥空気、ＳＦ６ガスなどの絶縁性ガス中に配設されている。この実施形態４の固定電極２ａは、実施の形態１と同じように導電性の板を円筒状に組み合わせて構成され、固定導体３に固定されている。
Embodiment 4 FIG.
Next, a switch according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing an electrode portion of a switch according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
The switch shown in FIG. 4 is provided with a columnar movable electrode 1c that is movable in the axial direction by driving of an opening / closing drive unit (not shown), and is disposed coaxially with the movable electrode 1c along the axial direction. The movable electrode 1c and the fixed electrode 2a are disposed in an insulating gas such as dry air or SF6 gas. The fixed electrode 2a of the fourth embodiment is configured by combining conductive plates into a cylindrical shape as in the first embodiment, and is fixed to the fixed conductor 3.
また固定電極２ａの外周側にはシールド５が固定導体３に取り付けられている。このシールド５は電界緩和を目的としたものである。固定電極２ａは、円筒内部に設けられた接触部において、可動電極１ｃと接触する構造となっており、接触抵抗を安定させ、電流通電時の電磁反発に対抗するため、固定電極２ａの外周部からリング状に成形されたコイルバネ６などによって押さえられているか、固定電極２ａ自身がバネ性を有した導電性材料で構成されている。 A shield 5 is attached to the fixed conductor 3 on the outer peripheral side of the fixed electrode 2a. The shield 5 is intended for electric field relaxation. The fixed electrode 2a has a structure in contact with the movable electrode 1c in a contact portion provided inside the cylinder, and stabilizes the contact resistance and counters electromagnetic repulsion when current is applied. The coil spring 6 is pressed by a ring-shaped coil spring 6 or the like, or the fixed electrode 2a itself is made of a conductive material having a spring property.
可動電極１ｃの固定電極２ａと面する先端近傍は中空にされ、この可動電極１ｃの中空の内部には、円柱状の永久磁石４ｂが配設されている。この円柱状の永久磁石４ｂは軸方向、すなわち図の左右方向に着磁されている。
さらに、円柱状の永久磁石４ｂの固定電極２ａと面する平面上には、円柱状の永久磁石４ｂよりも小さな直径を有した円柱状の磁性体１２が、永久磁石４ｂと同軸上に配設されている。この円柱状の磁性体１２は、透磁率の大きな材質、例えば鉄や鉄を主成分とする合金が用いられ、その高さは２〜５ｍｍ程度としている。
The vicinity of the tip of the movable electrode 1c facing the fixed electrode 2a is hollowed, and a cylindrical permanent magnet 4b is disposed inside the hollow of the movable electrode 1c. The cylindrical permanent magnet 4b is magnetized in the axial direction, that is, in the left-right direction in the figure.
Further, a columnar magnetic body 12 having a smaller diameter than the columnar permanent magnet 4b is disposed coaxially with the permanent magnet 4b on a plane facing the fixed electrode 2a of the columnar permanent magnet 4b. Has been. The columnar magnetic body 12 is made of a material having a high magnetic permeability, such as iron or an alloy containing iron as a main component, and has a height of about 2 to 5 mm.
上記構成において、開閉器が開極されると、可動電極１ｃが、固定電極２ａから乖離し、電極間にアークＡが発生する。アークＡ内には電流が流れているため、ほぼ軸方向、すなわち図面の左右方向に対して電流が流れる。
また、永久磁石４ｂからは同図中破線のような磁界Ｂが発生し、アークＡと鎖交する。このとき、アークＡと直行する、すなわち略半径方向の磁界とアーク内の電流の外積で得られる電磁力が電極の円周方向、すなわち図面の奥行方向に発生するため、アークＡは可動電極１ｃおよび固定電極２ａ上を円周方向に駆動し、アークＡを遮断する。
In the above configuration, when the switch is opened, the movable electrode 1c is separated from the fixed electrode 2a, and an arc A is generated between the electrodes. Since a current flows in the arc A, the current flows substantially in the axial direction, that is, in the horizontal direction of the drawing.
Further, a magnetic field B as shown by a broken line in the figure is generated from the permanent magnet 4b and is linked to the arc A. At this time, an electromagnetic force that is orthogonal to the arc A, that is, an electromagnetic force obtained by the outer product of the magnetic field in the substantially radial direction and the current in the arc is generated in the circumferential direction of the electrode, that is, the depth direction in the drawing. And it drives on the fixed electrode 2a in the circumferential direction to interrupt the arc A.
ここで、アークＡが、可動電極１ｃの固定電極２ａと対向する面の中心付近に点弧した場合、永久磁石４ｂから略半径方向に発生する磁界は小さくなる。このため電極の一定箇所にアークＡが点弧したまま動かないため、可動電極１ｃの接点温度が上昇し、接点材料が蒸発しやすくなり、アークＡが消弧されにくくなる。
そこで、永久磁石４ｂよりも小さな直径で、高さ２〜５ｍｍ程度の円柱状の磁性体１２を、永久磁石４ｂの固定電極２ａと対向する面上に、永久磁石４ｂと同軸上に配設させることで、永久磁石４ｂの中心付近の磁界を略半径方向に変歪させることが出来る。すると、固定電極２ａと面する可動電極１ｃの表面のうち、特に外周近傍の略半径方向の磁界を強めるので、可動電極１ｃの中心付近にアークＡが点弧した場合でも、アークＡが略半径方向の強い磁界を受けてアークを早く回転駆動し、接点温度の上昇が抑制できる。
Here, when the arc A is ignited near the center of the surface of the movable electrode 1c facing the fixed electrode 2a, the magnetic field generated in the substantially radial direction from the permanent magnet 4b is reduced. For this reason, since the arc A does not move while being ignited at a certain position of the electrode, the contact temperature of the movable electrode 1c is increased, the contact material is easily evaporated, and the arc A is hardly extinguished.
Therefore, a cylindrical magnetic body 12 having a diameter smaller than that of the permanent magnet 4b and having a height of about 2 to 5 mm is disposed coaxially with the permanent magnet 4b on the surface of the permanent magnet 4b facing the fixed electrode 2a. Thus, the magnetic field near the center of the permanent magnet 4b can be distorted in the substantially radial direction. Then, among the surfaces of the movable electrode 1c facing the fixed electrode 2a, the magnetic field in the substantially radial direction in the vicinity of the outer periphery is strengthened. Therefore, even when the arc A is ignited in the vicinity of the center of the movable electrode 1c, the arc A has a substantially radius. By receiving a strong magnetic field, the arc can be rapidly driven to suppress the rise in contact temperature.
実施の形態５．
次に、この発明の実施の形態５に係る開閉器を図５に基づいて説明する。図５はこの発明の実施の形態５による開閉器の電極部を示す断面図である。
図５に示す開閉器は、実施の形態４における可動電極を単なる円柱状の可動電極１ａとし、さらに円柱状の永久磁石４ｂは、固定電極２ａの円筒内部に設けられた円筒状のアークホーン８ｂ内に設けている。また円柱状の永久磁石４ｂよりも小さな直径を有した円柱状の磁性体１２は、円柱状の永久磁石４ｂの可動電極１ａと面する平面上に、永久磁石４ｂと同軸上に配設されている。この円柱状の磁性体１２は、透磁率の大きな材質、例えば鉄や鉄を主成分とする合金が用いられ、その高さは２〜５ｍｍ程度としている。
Embodiment 5 FIG.
Next, a switch according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing an electrode portion of a switch according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
In the switch shown in FIG. 5, the movable electrode in the fourth embodiment is simply a columnar movable electrode 1a, and the columnar permanent magnet 4b is a cylindrical arc horn 8b provided inside the cylinder of the fixed electrode 2a. It is provided inside. The columnar magnetic body 12 having a smaller diameter than the columnar permanent magnet 4b is disposed coaxially with the permanent magnet 4b on the plane facing the movable electrode 1a of the columnar permanent magnet 4b. Yes. The columnar magnetic body 12 is made of a material having a high magnetic permeability, such as iron or an alloy containing iron as a main component, and has a height of about 2 to 5 mm.
アークホーン８ｂは、開閉器の閉極時には、可動電極１ａの固定電極２ａへの挿入にともなって図面右側方向に移動し、開極時には、可動電極１ａの動作にともなって可動電極１ａに密着したまま図面左側へ移動し、固定電極２ａよりも後に可動電極１ａと乖離する電極である。この場合、アークホーン８ｂと可動電極１ａの間にもアークが発生するが、上記実施の形態４と同様の動作を行い、同じ効果が得られる。 Arcing horn 8b, during closing of the switch, to move to the right side of the drawing direction with the insertion of the movable electrode 1 a of the fixed electrode 2a, at the time of opening, the movable electrode 1 a with the operation of the movable electrode 1 a move from the left side of the drawing in close contact with an electrode which deviate from the movable electrode 1 a later than the fixed electrode 2a. In this case, the arc also between the arcing horn 8b and the movable electrode 1 a is generated, operates in the same manner as in the fourth embodiment, the same effect can be obtained.
実施の形態６．
次に、この発明の実施の形態６に係る開閉器を図６に基づいて説明する。図６はこの発明の実施の形態６による開閉器の電極部を示す断面図である。
図６に示す開閉器は、実施の形態４における開閉器と実施の形態５における開閉器を組み合わせたようなものである。
即ち、可動電極１ｃ側は、実施の形態４と同様に、可動電極１ｃの固定電極２ａと面する先端近傍の中空内部に、円柱状の永久磁石４ｂと、円柱状の永久磁石４ｂよりも小さな直径の円柱状の磁性体１２が配設されている。 また、固定電極２ａ側は、実施の形態５と同様に、固定電極２ａの円筒内部に設けられた円筒状のアークホーン８ｂ内に円柱状の永久磁石４ｂを設け、円柱状の永久磁石４ｂよりも小さな直径の円柱状の磁性体１２は、円柱状の永久磁石４ｂの可動電極１ｃと面する平面上に、永久磁石４ｂと同軸上に配設されている。
Embodiment 6 FIG.
Next, a switch according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing an electrode portion of a switch according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
The switch shown in FIG. 6 is a combination of the switch in the fourth embodiment and the switch in the fifth embodiment.
That is, the movable electrode 1c side is smaller than the columnar permanent magnet 4b and the columnar permanent magnet 4b in the hollow interior near the tip of the movable electrode 1c facing the fixed electrode 2a, as in the fourth embodiment. A cylindrical magnetic body 12 having a diameter is disposed. Further, on the fixed electrode 2a side, similarly to the fifth embodiment, a columnar permanent magnet 4b is provided in a cylindrical arc horn 8b provided inside the cylinder of the fixed electrode 2a. The columnar magnetic body 12 having a smaller diameter is disposed coaxially with the permanent magnet 4b on a plane facing the movable electrode 1c of the columnar permanent magnet 4b.
このように可動電極１ｃの内部とアークホーン８ｂの内部の両方に永久磁石４ｂを用い、それぞれの永久磁石４ｂの各電極と面する平面上に円柱状の磁性体１２をそれぞれ配設した場合においても、実施の形態４および５と同様な動作と効果を得ることが出来る。 In this way, in the case where the permanent magnet 4b is used both inside the movable electrode 1c and inside the arc horn 8b, and the columnar magnetic body 12 is arranged on the plane facing each electrode of each permanent magnet 4b. Also, the same operation and effect as in the fourth and fifth embodiments can be obtained.
実施の形態７．
次に、この発明の実施の形態７に係る開閉器を図７に基づいて説明する。図７はこの発明の実施の形態７による開閉器の電極部を示す断面図である。
図７に示す開閉器は、外周に配設されたバネ性の導電性コイル７によって通電する機能を有する円筒状の可動電極１ｂと、可動電極１ｂと同軸上に軸方向に沿って配設され、導電性コイル７と接触する箇所を有した円筒状の固定電極２ｂと、固定電極２ｂの内側に固定電極２ｂと同軸となるよう配設された円筒状の保持部材９と、固定電極２ｂと保持部材９を固定する固定導体３と、保持部材９の内部に配設された円柱状の永久磁石４ｂとを有している。可動電極１ｂと固定電極２ｂは乾燥空気、ＳＦ６ガスなどの絶縁性ガス中に配設されている。
Embodiment 7 FIG.
Next, a switch according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing an electrode portion of a switch according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
The switch shown in FIG. 7 has a cylindrical movable electrode 1b having a function of energizing by a spring-like conductive coil 7 disposed on the outer periphery, and is disposed coaxially with the movable electrode 1b along the axial direction. A cylindrical fixed electrode 2b having a portion in contact with the conductive coil 7, a cylindrical holding member 9 disposed inside the fixed electrode 2b so as to be coaxial with the fixed electrode 2b, and a fixed electrode 2b It has a fixed conductor 3 for fixing the holding member 9 and a columnar permanent magnet 4 b disposed inside the holding member 9. The movable electrode 1b and the fixed electrode 2b are disposed in an insulating gas such as dry air or SF6 gas.
さらに、円柱状の永久磁石４ｂよりも小さな直径で、高さが２〜５ｍｍ程度の円柱状の磁性体１２が、固定電極２ｂおよび永久磁石４ｂと同軸上で、円柱状の永久磁石４ｂの可動電極１ｂと面する平面上に配設されている。
上記構成において、開閉器が開極されると、可動電極１ｂが、固定電極２ｂから乖離し、電極間にアークが発生する。また、永久磁石４ｂからは磁界が発生し、アークと鎖交する。略半径方向の磁界とアーク内の電流の外積で得られる電磁力が電極の円周方向、すなわち図面の奥行方向に発生するため、アークは可動電極１ｂおよび固定電極２ｂ上を円周方向に駆動する。このとき、磁性体１２によって、永久磁石４ｂから発生する磁界が変歪され、固定電極２ｂ上における略半径方向の磁界が強められる。このため、アークを円周方向に駆動させる電磁力を寄り大きく得ることが出来、電極間に発生するアークがより早く回転して消弧性能が向上する。
Further, the columnar magnetic body 12 having a smaller diameter than the columnar permanent magnet 4b and a height of about 2 to 5 mm is coaxial with the fixed electrode 2b and the permanent magnet 4b, and the columnar permanent magnet 4b is movable. It arrange | positions on the plane which faces the electrode 1b.
In the above configuration, when the switch is opened, the movable electrode 1b is separated from the fixed electrode 2b, and an arc is generated between the electrodes. Further, a magnetic field is generated from the permanent magnet 4b and is linked to the arc. Since the electromagnetic force obtained by the outer product of the substantially radial magnetic field and the current in the arc is generated in the circumferential direction of the electrode, that is, in the depth direction of the drawing, the arc is driven circumferentially on the movable electrode 1b and the fixed electrode 2b. To do. At this time, the magnetic body 12 deforms the magnetic field generated from the permanent magnet 4b, and the magnetic field in the substantially radial direction on the fixed electrode 2b is strengthened. For this reason, the electromagnetic force that drives the arc in the circumferential direction can be increased and the arc generated between the electrodes can be rotated more quickly to improve the arc extinguishing performance.
実施の形態８．
次に、この発明の実施の形態８に係る開閉器を図８に基づいて説明する。図８はこの発明の実施の形態８による開閉器の電極部を示す断面図である。
図８に示す開閉器は、図７に示す実施の形態７の開閉器において、固定電極２ｂの内側にアークホーン８ａを設けたもので、その他の構成は図７と同じにつき説明を省略する。
この場合、保持部材９は、図の右側で固定導体３に固定されていても、アークホーン８ａに固定されていても良い。
Embodiment 8 FIG.
Next, a switch according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing an electrode portion of a switch according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention.
The switch shown in FIG. 8 is the same as the switch of the seventh embodiment shown in FIG. 7 except that an arc horn 8a is provided inside the fixed electrode 2b. The other configurations are the same as those in FIG.
In this case, the holding member 9 may be fixed to the fixed conductor 3 on the right side of the drawing or may be fixed to the arc horn 8a.
アークホーン８ａは、開閉器の閉極時には、可動電極１ｂの固定電極２ｂへの挿入にともなって図面右側方向に移動し、開極時には、可動電極１ｂの動作にともなって可動電極１ｂに密着したまま図面左側へ移動し、固定電極２ｂよりも後に可動電極１ｂと乖離する電極である。この場合、アークホーン８ａと可動電極１ｂの間にもアークが発生するが、上記実施の形態７と同様の動作を行い、同じ効果が得られる。 When the switch is closed, the arc horn 8a moves to the right in the drawing as the movable electrode 1b is inserted into the fixed electrode 2b, and when the switch is opened, the arc horn 8a is brought into close contact with the movable electrode 1b as the movable electrode 1b operates. The electrode moves to the left side of the drawing as it is and is separated from the movable electrode 1b after the fixed electrode 2b. In this case, an arc is also generated between the arc horn 8a and the movable electrode 1b. However, the same operation as in the seventh embodiment is performed, and the same effect is obtained.
１ａ、１ｂ、１ｃ：可動電極、 ２ａ、２ｂ：固定電極、
３：固定導体 ４ａ、４ｂ：永久磁石、
５：シールド ６：コイルバネ
７：導電性コイル、 ８ａ、８ｂ：アークホーン、
９：保護部材、 １１：磁性体、
１２：磁性体。
1a, 1b, 1c: movable electrode, 2a, 2b: fixed electrode,
3: Fixed conductor 4a, 4b: Permanent magnet,
5: Shield 6: Coil spring 7: Conductive coil, 8a, 8b: Arc horn,
9: protective member, 11: magnetic body,
12: Magnetic material.
Claims (6)
前記円柱状の永久磁石よりも小さな直径を有し、前記円柱状の永久磁石と同軸上で、前記円柱状の永久磁石の前記可動電極と面する平面上に円柱状の磁性体を配設し、前記永久磁石の平面は前記磁性体との非接触部分を有することを特徴とする開閉器。 A columnar or cylindrical movable electrode disposed in an insulating gas, a fixed electrode disposed along the axial direction of the movable electrode, and having a portion in contact with the movable electrode, the movable electrode, In the switch having a columnar permanent magnet disposed so as to be coaxial with the fixed electrode, inside the fixed electrode at the place of contact,
A cylindrical magnetic body having a smaller diameter than the cylindrical permanent magnet, coaxial with the cylindrical permanent magnet, and disposed on a plane facing the movable electrode of the cylindrical permanent magnet. The switch has a non-contact portion with the magnetic body on the plane of the permanent magnet .
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Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS57197144U (en) * | 1981-06-11 | 1982-12-14 | ||
| JPS58334U (en) * | 1981-06-26 | 1983-01-05 | 株式会社安川電機 | Gas-filled switch |
| JPH05298967A (en) * | 1992-04-24 | 1993-11-12 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Switch |
| JP4197406B2 (en) * | 2002-05-23 | 2008-12-17 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Gas insulated switch |
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2009
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| US9552951B2 (en) | 2015-03-06 | 2017-01-24 | Cooper Technologies Company | High voltage compact fusible disconnect switch device with magnetic arc deflection assembly |
| US9881761B2 (en) | 2015-03-06 | 2018-01-30 | Cooper Technologies Company | High voltage compact fusible disconnect switch device with magnetic arc deflection assembly |
| US10224169B2 (en) | 2015-03-06 | 2019-03-05 | Eaton Intelligent Power Limited | High voltage compact fusible disconnect switch device with magnetic arc deflection assembly |
| US10381186B2 (en) | 2015-03-06 | 2019-08-13 | Eaton Intelligent Power Limited | High voltage compact fusible disconnect switch device with magnetic arc deflection assembly |
| US9601297B2 (en) | 2015-03-23 | 2017-03-21 | Cooper Technologies Company | High voltage compact fuse assembly with magnetic arc deflection |
| US10854414B2 (en) | 2016-05-11 | 2020-12-01 | Eaton Intelligent Power Limited | High voltage electrical disconnect device with magnetic arc deflection assembly |
| US10636607B2 (en) | 2017-12-27 | 2020-04-28 | Eaton Intelligent Power Limited | High voltage compact fused disconnect switch device with bi-directional magnetic arc deflection assembly |
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| JP2010251056A (en) | 2010-11-04 |
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