JP5343536B2 - Heating system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a heating system that includes a refrigerant circuit that performs a refrigeration cycle and heats a room.

  Conventionally, a heating system including a refrigerant circuit that performs a vapor compression refrigeration cycle is known. Among these heating systems, there is one in which the evaporator of the refrigerant circuit is constituted by an air heat exchanger.

  However, when the evaporator is composed of an air heat exchanger, there is a problem that the heating capacity of the heating system is lowered if the outside air temperature is too low. This is because the temperature difference between the outside air and the refrigerant is reduced, and the heat absorption amount of the refrigerant in the evaporator is reduced. Patent Document 1 discloses a solar heat collector (heat exchanger for heat absorption) that collects solar heat and generates heat to connect the refrigerant circuit of the heating system in order to compensate for the decrease in heating capacity due to the decrease in the heat absorption amount. Yes.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the refrigerant circuit (40) of the heating system of Patent Document 1 includes a compressor (41), a condenser (use side heat exchanger) (42), an expansion mechanism (43), and an evaporator (heat source). Side heat exchanger (44) and the solar collector (47) are connected. Here, the solar heat collector (47) is connected in parallel with the evaporator (44), and a two-way valve (46) is connected upstream of the solar heat collector (47).

According to this configuration, the distribution amount of the refrigerant flowing from the condenser (42) to the evaporator (44) and the solar collector (47) is adjusted by changing the opening of the two-way valve (46). can do. For example, when the outside air temperature is too low, the opening degree of the two-way valve (46) is increased so that a large amount of refrigerant flows through the solar heat collector (47). In this way, refrigerant that cannot be evaporated only by the evaporator (44) can be evaporated by the solar collector (47). Thereby, even at the time of the low outside temperature, it is possible to prevent the heating capacity from being reduced as much as possible.
JP 60-69459 A

  However, in the conventional heating system in which the heat absorption heat exchanger is provided separately from the heat source heat exchanger in this way, no consideration is given to the ratio of the heating capacity to the power consumption (hereinafter referred to as the coefficient of performance). . For this reason, even if the reduction in heating capacity at low outside air temperature can be suppressed as much as possible, it is considered that the power consumption required to suppress the reduction in heating capacity increases, and the coefficient of performance of the above heating system May decrease.

  This invention is made | formed in view of this point, The objective is to improve a coefficient of performance in the heating system by which the heat exchanger for heat absorption was connected to the refrigerant circuit which performs a refrigerating cycle.

  A first invention is a refrigerant circuit in which a compressor (10), a use side heat exchanger (11), an expansion mechanism (12), and a heat source side heat exchanger (13) are connected by a refrigerant pipe to perform a refrigeration cycle ( It assumes a heating system with 1).

The refrigerant circuit (1) of the heating system is branched from the first high-pressure refrigerant pipe (1a) of the refrigerant circuit (10) through which the high-pressure refrigerant flowing out from the use side heat exchanger (11) flows. The high pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor (10) flows into the high pressure bypass pipe (5) connected to the second high pressure refrigerant pipe (1b) of the refrigerant circuit (10) and the high pressure bypass pipe (5). A refrigerant pump (3) for sending high-pressure refrigerant from the first high-pressure refrigerant pipe (1a) side to the second high-pressure refrigerant pipe (1b) side, and heat absorption by the high-pressure refrigerant sent from the refrigerant pump (3) A heat exchanger (2), and discharge temperature detecting means (21) for detecting the temperature of the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor (10) and the refrigerant outlet temperature of the heat-absorbing heat exchanger (2). Flow through the refrigerant outlet temperature detection means (22) to detect and the high pressure bypass pipe (5) Flow rate adjusting means (7) for adjusting the flow rate of the medium, and the flow rate so that the detected value of the refrigerant outlet temperature detecting means (22) is the same value as the detected value of the discharge temperature detecting means (21). A first control means (20a) capable of performing a first operation for operating the adjusting means (7) is provided .

  In the first aspect of the present invention, the high-pressure refrigerant that is diverted from the first high-pressure refrigerant pipe (1a) and flows to the high-pressure bypass pipe (5) is kept in a high-pressure state by the refrigerant pump (3) (2). ) To absorb heat by the heat-absorbing heat exchanger (2).

Further, the first control means (20a) is, by comparing the refrigerant discharge temperature and the refrigerant outlet temperature, the lower the better of the coolant outlet temperature, by operating the flow rate adjusting means (7), the Reduce the flow rate of the high-pressure refrigerant flowing through the high-pressure bypass pipe (5). If it carries out like this, the said refrigerant | coolant exit temperature can be made high.

  On the other hand, if the refrigerant outlet temperature is higher, the flow rate adjusting means (7) is operated to increase the flow rate of the high-pressure refrigerant flowing through the high-pressure bypass pipe (5). If it carries out like this, the said refrigerant | coolant exit temperature can be made low. Thus, by operating the flow rate adjusting means (7) to adjust the refrigerant outlet temperature, the refrigerant outlet temperature and the refrigerant discharge temperature can be made substantially equal.

  In a second aspect based on the first aspect, the heat-absorbing heat exchanger (2) includes a heat collecting part (6) that collects solar heat emitted from the sun and generates heat, and the high-pressure bypass pipe (5). And a refrigerant flow path (2a) communicating with the high-pressure refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant flow path (2a) so as to absorb the heat of the heat collecting section (6). .

  In the second invention, in the heat-absorbing heat exchanger (2), the heat collecting section (6) collects solar heat to generate hot heat, and the hot heat is absorbed by the refrigerant in the refrigerant flow path (2a). Will be able to.

  According to a third invention, in the second invention, the heat-absorbing heat exchanger (2) has a glassy vacuum vessel (9) whose interior is kept in a vacuum state, and the vacuum vessel (9) The heat collection part (6) and the refrigerant flow path (2a) are accommodated inside.

   In 3rd invention, in the said heat absorption heat exchanger (2), the said heat collection part (6) collects the solar heat which passed the vacuum part in the said vacuum vessel (9), produces | generates warm heat, The refrigerant in the refrigerant channel (2a) can be absorbed.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the first aspect of the present invention includes the heat collection section (6) that collects solar heat emitted from the sun and generates heat, and the heat medium passage (32a) through which the heat medium flows. The heat collecting channel (32a) includes a heat collecting heat exchanger (32) for absorbing the heat of the heat collecting unit (6) in the heat medium, and the heat absorbing heat exchanger (2) is used for collecting the heat. The low-temperature side flow has a high-temperature side flow path (33b) through which a heat medium that has absorbed heat in the heat exchanger (32) flows and a low-temperature side flow path (33a) communicating with the high-pressure bypass pipe (5). The high-pressure refrigerant flowing through the passage (33a) is configured to absorb the heat of the heat medium in the high-temperature side passage (33b).

  In the fourth aspect of the invention, the solar heat is indirectly collected through the heat medium, instead of absorbing the warm heat directly collected by the high-pressure refrigerant flowing toward the high-pressure bypass pipe (5). Heat can be absorbed.

  In a fifth aspect based on the fourth aspect, the heat collecting heat exchanger (32) has a glassy vacuum vessel (9) whose interior is kept in a vacuum state, and the vacuum vessel (9) The heat collecting section (6) and the heat medium flow path (32a) are accommodated in the interior of the apparatus.

  In 5th invention, in the said heat collection heat exchanger (32), the said heat collection part (6) collects the solar heat which passed the vacuum part in the said vacuum vessel (9), produces | generates warm heat, Can be absorbed by the heat medium in the heat medium flow path (32a).

  According to a sixth invention, in any one of the first to fifth inventions, the endothermic heat exchanger (2) is disposed downstream of the endothermic heat exchanger (2) in the high-pressure bypass pipe (5). ) To the second high-pressure refrigerant pipe (1b), and a check valve (4) is attached in a direction allowing the flow of the high-pressure refrigerant.

  In the sixth invention, even if the pressure of the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor (10) is larger than the refrigerant outlet pressure of the heat absorption heat exchanger (2), it is discharged from the compressor (10). The high-pressure refrigerant can be prevented from flowing back to the heat-absorbing heat exchanger (2).

According to a seventh invention, in any one of the first to sixth inventions, there is provided a flow rate detection means (26) for detecting a flow rate of the high-pressure refrigerant flowing through the high-pressure bypass pipe (5), and the first control When the detection value of the flow rate detection means (26) becomes smaller than a predetermined value, the means (20a) stops the first operation and connects the first high-pressure refrigerant pipe (1a) to the high-pressure bypass pipe (5). A second operation of operating the flow rate adjusting means (7) so as to prohibit the flow of the high-pressure refrigerant is performed.

In the seventh invention, in the first operation of the first control means (20a), the flow rate of the high-pressure refrigerant is decreased in order to increase the refrigerant outlet temperature. At that time, when the flow rate of the high-pressure refrigerant is less than a predetermined value, the first control means (20a) forcibly stops the first operation and performs the second operation. By this second operation, it is possible to prevent the high-pressure refrigerant from flowing into the high-pressure bypass pipe (5).

According to an eighth invention, in any one of the first to seventh inventions, there is provided refrigerant inlet temperature detection means (23) for detecting a refrigerant inlet temperature of the heat absorption heat exchanger (2), 1 The control means (20a) has a predetermined refrigerant inlet / outlet temperature difference of the heat absorption heat exchanger (2) calculated from the detected values of the refrigerant outlet temperature detecting means (22) and the refrigerant inlet temperature detecting means (23). When the value is smaller than the value, the flow rate adjusting means (7) is operated so as to stop the first operation and prohibit the flow of the refrigerant from the first high-pressure refrigerant pipe (1a) to the high-pressure bypass pipe (5). The third operation is performed.

In the eighth invention, in the first operation of the first control means (20a), the endothermic amount of the high-pressure refrigerant in the endothermic heat exchanger (2) is reduced, and the endothermic heat exchanger (2) When the refrigerant inlet / outlet temperature difference becomes smaller than a predetermined value, the first control means (20a) forcibly stops the first operation and performs the third operation. By this third operation, the flow of the high-pressure refrigerant to the high-pressure bypass pipe (5) is prohibited, and all the high-pressure refrigerant flowing out from the use side heat exchanger (11) flows toward the expansion mechanism (12). Can do.

According to a ninth invention, in any one of the first to eighth inventions, a discharge pressure detecting means (24) for detecting a pressure of only the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor (10), and the heat for heat absorption. A refrigerant pressure detecting means (25) for detecting the pressure of only the high-pressure refrigerant flowing out of the exchanger (2), and a back pressure adjusting means (8) for adjusting the back pressure of the refrigerant pump (3), During the first operation of the first control means (20a), the back pressure adjustment means (25) so that the detection value of the refrigerant pressure detection means (25) becomes the same value as the detection value of the discharge pressure detection means (24). The second control means (20b) for adjusting 8) is provided.

In the ninth invention, the second control means (20b) compares the refrigerant discharge pressure and the refrigerant outlet pressure, and if the refrigerant outlet pressure is higher, the back pressure adjusting means (8) is By operating, the refrigerant outlet pressure can be lowered until the refrigerant discharge pressure becomes substantially the same value. On the other hand, if the refrigerant outlet pressure is lower, the back pressure adjusting means (8) can be operated to increase the refrigerant outlet pressure until it becomes substantially the same value as the refrigerant discharge pressure.

  In this way, by setting the refrigerant outlet pressure and the refrigerant discharge pressure to substantially the same value, the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor (10) is directed to the heat absorption heat exchanger (2). The reverse flow can be prevented, and the high-pressure refrigerant flowing out from the heat absorption heat exchanger (2) can be prevented from flowing back toward the compressor (10).

A tenth invention is characterized in that, in any one of the first to ninth inventions, the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit (1) is carbon dioxide.

In the tenth invention, carbon dioxide is used as the refrigerant. In the heat-absorbing heat exchanger (2), supercritical carbon dioxide has better heat transfer performance than CFC refrigerant. Therefore, the performance of the endothermic heat exchanger (2) can be improved by flowing this supercritical carbon dioxide into the endothermic heat exchanger (2).

  According to the present invention, the high-pressure refrigerant that has been diverted from the first high-pressure refrigerant pipe (1a) and has flowed toward the high-pressure bypass pipe (5) remains in the high-pressure state with the refrigerant pump (3). It can be sent to (2) and absorbed by the endothermic heat exchanger (2). In this case, unlike the conventional case, there is no need to compress the high-pressure refrigerant flowing out of the heat absorption heat exchanger (2) to a predetermined pressure again. Therefore, the amount of power consumption of the compressor (10) can be reduced as compared with the prior art by the amount that the high-pressure refrigerant is not depressurized, and the coefficient of performance of the heating system can be improved.

Further, it is possible to adjust the flow rate of the high-pressure refrigerant flowing through the high-pressure bypass pipe to the upper Symbol coolant outlet temperature and the refrigerant discharge temperature is substantially equal (5). Thereby, since the inlet temperature of the said use side heat exchanger (11) is stabilized, the coefficient of performance of a heating system can be improved, stabilizing the heating capability in a heating system.

  According to the second aspect of the invention, in the heat-absorbing heat exchanger (2), the high-pressure refrigerant can absorb heat using solar heat. This amount of solar heat is not affected by the outside air temperature. Therefore, as described above, when the heat source side heat exchanger (13) is configured by an air heat exchanger, the outside air temperature is too low and the heat absorption amount of the high-pressure refrigerant in the heat source side heat exchanger (13) is insufficient. However, the shortage can be compensated for by the endothermic heat exchanger (2). As a result, the coefficient of performance of the heating system can be improved while preventing the heating capacity of the heating system from being reduced as much as possible even at low outside temperatures.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, the heat collection unit (6) and the refrigerant flow path (2a) are accommodated in the vacuum vessel (9) so that the solar heat released from the sun is lost as much as possible. It is possible to generate warm heat by collecting it in the heat collecting section (6) without causing the heat. And the high-pressure refrigerant | coolant of the said refrigerant | coolant flow path (2a) can be heated with the warm heat. Thereby, the amount of heating of the high-pressure refrigerant increases as much as solar heat is not lost, and the coefficient of performance of the heating system can be improved.

  According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, solar heat is not absorbed directly by the high-pressure refrigerant flowing toward the high-pressure bypass pipe (5), but is absorbed indirectly through the heat medium. Thus, the high-pressure refrigerant can be heated. Thereby, the distance between the heat source side heat exchanger (13) and the heat collecting heat exchanger (32) can be increased without increasing the pump power of the refrigerant pump (3). The heat collecting heat exchanger (32) has the same configuration as the heat absorbing heat exchanger (2) of the second invention.

  That is, in the case of 2nd invention, if the said heat source side heat exchanger (13) and the said heat absorption heat exchanger (2) are arrange | positioned away, these heat exchangers (13, 2) will be connected. The high-pressure bypass pipe (5) is long. If the high-pressure bypass pipe (5) becomes long, the pump power in the refrigerant pump (3) becomes large, which is not preferable.

  However, in the fourth invention, the heat source side heat exchanger (13) and the endothermic heat exchanger (2) are brought close to each other, and the heat source side heat exchanger (13) and the heat collecting heat exchanger (32 Therefore, it is not necessary to lengthen the high-pressure bypass pipe (5), and the pump power of the refrigerant pump (3) can be reduced as compared with the second invention.

  According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the heat collection unit (6) and the heat medium flow path (32a) are accommodated in the vacuum vessel (9) so that solar heat emitted from the sun can be as much as possible. Heat can be generated by collecting in the heat collecting section (6) without loss. And the heat medium of the said heat-medium flow path (32a) can be heated with the warm heat. Thereby, the amount of heating of the heat medium is increased by the amount that solar heat is not lost, and as a result, the coefficient of performance of the heating system can be improved.

  According to the sixth aspect of the invention, the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor (10) and the high-pressure refrigerant flowing out from the heat absorption heat exchanger (2) are reliably merged, and the high-pressure refrigerant after merging Can be made to flow toward the use side heat exchanger (11), and the coefficient of performance of the heating system can be improved while stabilizing the heating capacity of the heating system.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, when the flow rate of the high-pressure refrigerant flowing through the high-pressure bypass pipe (5) is less than a predetermined value, the high-pressure refrigerant is prevented from flowing through the high-pressure bypass pipe (5). it can.

  In other words, as the flow rate of the high-pressure refrigerant flowing through the high-pressure bypass pipe (5) decreases, the ratio of the refrigerant heat absorption amount of the heat absorption heat exchanger (2) to the pump power of the refrigerant pump (3) may decrease. . In such a case, when the flow rate of the high-pressure refrigerant becomes smaller than a predetermined value, the power consumption of the refrigerant pump (3) is reduced by preventing the high-pressure refrigerant from flowing through the high-pressure bypass pipe (5). Can be zero. By doing so, the refrigerant pump (3) can be prevented from being driven wastefully, and the coefficient of performance of the heating system can be improved as compared with the case where the refrigerant pump (3) is driven wastefully. Can do.

Moreover, according to the said 8th invention, the pump power of the said refrigerant | coolant pump (3) can be saved. For example, when it becomes difficult to obtain solar heat due to the weather and the refrigerant inlet / outlet temperature difference of the heat absorption heat exchanger (2) becomes smaller than a predetermined value, the first control means (20a) performs the third operation. Do. As a result, the high-pressure refrigerant does not flow to the high-pressure bypass pipe (5), so that the pump power of the refrigerant pump (3) is not consumed wastefully, compared to the case where the refrigerant pump (3) is driven wastefully. The coefficient of performance of the heating system can be improved.

According to the ninth aspect , the second control means (20b) controls the back pressure adjusting means (8) so that the refrigerant outlet pressure and the refrigerant discharge pressure have substantially the same value. Can be adjusted. Thereby, the backflow from the compressor (10) to the endothermic heat exchanger (2) or the endothermic heat exchanger (2) to the compressor (10) can be prevented, and the compressor ( The high-pressure refrigerant discharged from 10) and the high-pressure refrigerant flowing out of the heat-absorbing heat exchanger (2) can surely flow to the use side heat exchanger (11). Thereby, the coefficient of performance of a heating system can be improved, stabilizing the heating capability in a heating system.

According to the tenth aspect of the invention, the performance of the heat absorption heat exchanger (2) can be improved by using carbon dioxide as the refrigerant of the refrigerant circuit (1). Thereby, the coefficient of performance of a heating system can be improved.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  The heating device of the present embodiment heats the room using the heat of the outside air and the heat of the sun, and is installed in, for example, a general house built in a cold region. The heating device includes a refrigerant circuit (1) and a controller (20) as shown in FIG. Carbon dioxide (hereinafter referred to as refrigerant) is sealed in the refrigerant circuit (1), and the refrigerant circulates through the refrigerant circuit (1), thereby performing a supercritical refrigeration cycle.

<Refrigerant circuit>
The refrigerant circuit (1) includes a compressor (10), a first check valve (14), an indoor heat exchanger (use side heat exchanger) (11), an expansion valve (expansion mechanism) (12), and outdoor heat. An exchanger (heat source side heat exchanger) (13) is sequentially connected by a refrigerant pipe. The outdoor heat exchanger (13) is installed outdoors, and the indoor heat exchanger (11) is installed indoors. The first check valve (14) is attached in a direction that allows the flow of refrigerant from the compressor (10) toward the indoor heat exchanger (11).

  Here, the refrigerant of the refrigerant circuit (1) extending from the discharge side of the compressor (10) and connected to the inlet side of the indoor heat exchanger (11) via the first check valve (14) The pipe is a second high-pressure refrigerant pipe (1b), and the refrigerant pipe (1) extending from the refrigerant outlet side of the indoor heat exchanger (11) and connected to the expansion valve (12) is the first refrigerant pipe (1). High pressure refrigerant pipe (1a).

  On the discharge side of the compressor (10), a discharge temperature sensor (discharge temperature detecting means) (21) for detecting the temperature of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor (10) and the compressor (10) are discharged. And a discharge pressure sensor (discharge pressure detecting means) (24) for detecting the pressure of the refrigerant.

  Here, the refrigerant pipe connecting the discharge port of the compressor (10) through the indoor heat exchanger (11) to the inlet of the expansion valve (12) constitutes a high-pressure line. A refrigerant pipe connecting the outlet of the expansion valve (12), the outdoor heat exchanger (13), and the suction port of the compressor (10) constitutes a low pressure line. The high-pressure refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit (1) flows through the high-pressure line, and the low-pressure refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit (1) flows through the low-pressure line (15).

  The refrigerant circuit (1) is provided with a high-pressure bypass pipe (5) branched from the first high-pressure refrigerant pipe (1a) and connected to the second high-pressure refrigerant pipe (1b). The high pressure bypass pipe (5) includes a flow rate adjusting valve (flow rate adjusting means) (7) and a refrigerant pump (3) in order from the first high pressure refrigerant pipe (1a) side to the second high pressure refrigerant pipe (1b) side. And a flow meter (flow rate detection means) (26), a solar heat exchanger (heat absorption heat exchanger) (2), and a second check valve (4). The solar heat exchanger (2) is installed on the roof of a house.

  Provided on the refrigerant inlet side of the solar heat exchanger (2) is a refrigerant inlet temperature sensor (refrigerant inlet temperature detection means) (23) for detecting the temperature of the refrigerant flowing from the solar heat exchanger (2). It has been. Further, on the refrigerant outlet side of the solar heat exchanger (2), a refrigerant outlet temperature sensor (refrigerant outlet temperature detecting means) (22) for detecting the temperature of the refrigerant flowing out of the solar heat exchanger (2). And a refrigerant outlet pressure sensor (refrigerant pressure detecting means) (25) for detecting the pressure of the refrigerant flowing out of the solar heat exchanger (2).

  The compressor (10) is a hermetically sealed type, and has a variable capacity by an inverter (not shown) electrically connected to the compressor (10). The compressor (10) is configured to compress the sucked refrigerant to a predetermined pressure and discharge it.

  Although not shown in the drawings, the indoor heat exchanger (11) is a cross-fin type fin-and-and-tube in which heat transfer tubes are arranged in a plurality of paths and a number of aluminum fins are arranged orthogonal to the heat transfer tubes.・ It consists of a tube heat exchanger. An indoor fan (17) is installed in the vicinity of the indoor heat exchanger (11). Then, the refrigerant flows inside the heat transfer tube, the indoor air sent from the indoor fan (17) flows between the aluminum fins outside the heat transfer tube, and both perform heat exchange. ing.

  The expansion valve (12) is an electronic expansion valve having a variable opening. The expansion valve (12) is electrically connected to the controller (20). And the opening degree of the expansion valve (12) is changed by the electrical signal sent from the controller (20), and the pressure reduction amount of the refrigerant flowing through the expansion valve (12) is adjusted.

  Although the illustration of the outdoor heat exchanger (13) is omitted, a cross-fin type fin-and-and-and-pass structure in which a plurality of heat transfer tubes are arranged in a plurality of paths and a number of aluminum fins are arranged orthogonal to the heat transfer tubes.・ It consists of a tube heat exchanger. An outdoor fan (16) is installed in the vicinity of the outdoor heat exchanger (13). Then, the refrigerant flows inside the heat transfer tube, the outdoor air sent from the outdoor fan (16) flows between the aluminum fins outside the heat transfer tube, and both perform heat exchange. ing.

  The flow rate adjusting valve (7) is electrically connected to the controller (20) in the same manner as the expansion valve (12). And the opening degree of the said flow control valve (7) is changed with the electrical signal sent from the said controller (20), and the flow volume of the refrigerant | coolant which flows through this flow control valve (7) is adjusted.

  The refrigerant pump (3) is a so-called booster pump, and is configured to pressurize and discharge the sucked refrigerant. A back pressure adjusting mechanism (not shown) is attached to the refrigerant pump (3). The refrigerant pump (3) is provided with a back pressure adjusting portion (back pressure adjusting means) (8) that operates the back pressure adjusting mechanism. The back pressure adjustment unit (8) is electrically connected to the controller (20). Then, the back pressure adjusting unit (8) is controlled by an electric signal sent from the controller (20), and the back pressure of the refrigerant discharged from the refrigerant pump (3) is adjusted.

  The solar heat exchanger (2) has a refrigerant flow path (2a) that communicates with the high-pressure bypass pipe (5) in a flat plate heat collecting section (6) that collects solar heat emitted from the sun and generates heat. Are attached in contact. The solar heat exchanger (2) can absorb the heat of the heat collecting section (6) by the high-pressure refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant flow path (2a). This solar heat exchanger (2) constitutes an endothermic heat exchanger that causes the high-pressure refrigerant sent from the refrigerant pump (3) to absorb the heat.

<controller>
The controller (20) is connected to temperature sensors (21, 22, 23), pressure sensors (24, 25), and flow meters (26) provided in each part of the heating device via electric wiring. In addition, actuators such as the compressor (10), the refrigerant pump (3), the expansion valve (12), and the flow rate adjusting valve (7) are connected to each other through electric wiring. The controller (20) is configured to control the actuators in accordance with detection signals from the sensors.

  The controller (20) includes a first control unit (first control means) (20a) for controlling the flow rate adjusting valve (7) of the actuators, and a back pressure of the refrigerant pump (3). A second control unit (second control means) (20b) for controlling the adjustment unit (8) is provided. The operation of these control units (20a, 20b) will be described in detail later.

-Driving action-
Next, the operation of the heating device will be described.

  The high-pressure refrigerant discharged after being compressed to a critical pressure or higher by the compressor (10) flows into the second high-pressure refrigerant pipe (1b), passes through the first check valve (14), and then the high-pressure refrigerant. The high-pressure refrigerant that has flowed out of the second check valve (4) of the bypass pipe (5) joins and flows into the indoor heat exchanger (11).

  In the indoor heat exchanger (11), the high-pressure refrigerant dissipates heat to the indoor air sent from the indoor fan (17) and is cooled. On the other hand, the room air is warmed by this heat radiation. As a result, the room is heated.

  After the high-pressure refrigerant that has flowed out of the indoor heat exchanger (11) flows into the first high-pressure refrigerant pipe (1a), a part of the high-pressure refrigerant flows to the high-pressure bypass pipe (5), and the rest flows through the expansion. Flows toward valve (12).

  The high-pressure refrigerant flowing into the high-pressure bypass pipe (5) is sucked into the refrigerant pump (3) after the flow rate is adjusted when passing through the flow rate adjustment valve (7). In the refrigerant pump (3), the sucked high-pressure refrigerant is pressurized and discharged after the pressure is adjusted to a predetermined pressure by the back pressure adjusting unit (8) as necessary.

  The high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the refrigerant pump (3) passes through the flow meter (26) and then flows into the solar heat exchanger (2). In the solar heat exchanger (2), when the high-pressure refrigerant that has passed through the flow meter (26) flows into the refrigerant channel (2a) and passes through the refrigerant channel (2a), Part (6) absorbs the heat generated by collecting solar heat and is heated.

  The high-pressure refrigerant that has flowed out of the solar heat exchanger (2) passes through the second check valve (4).

  On the other hand, the high-pressure refrigerant flowing into the expansion valve (12) is reduced in pressure to become low-pressure refrigerant, and flows out from the expansion valve (12). The low-pressure refrigerant that has flowed out of the expansion valve (12) flows into the outdoor heat exchanger (13). In the outdoor heat exchanger (13), the low-pressure refrigerant absorbs heat from the outdoor air sent from the outdoor fan (16) and evaporates. The low-pressure refrigerant that has flowed out of the outdoor heat exchanger (13) is sucked into the compressor (10), compressed to a critical pressure or higher, and then discharged as high-pressure refrigerant.

  The high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor (10) joins the high-pressure refrigerant flowing out from the second check valve (4) of the high-pressure bypass pipe (5), and then returns to the indoor heat exchanger (11) again. Inflow. In this way, the refrigerant circulates in the refrigerant circuit (1), thereby heating the room.

-Controller control action-
Next, the control operation of the first controller (20a) and the second controller (20b) in the controller (20) will be described.

  The first control unit (20a) compares the refrigerant discharge temperature detected by the discharge temperature sensor (21) with the refrigerant outlet temperature detected by the refrigerant outlet temperature sensor (22), thereby calculating the refrigerant outlet temperature. If it is lower, the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valve (7) is made smaller than the present time, and the refrigerant outlet temperature is raised. On the other hand, if the refrigerant outlet temperature is higher, the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valve (7) is made larger than that at present to lower the refrigerant outlet temperature. In this way, the first control unit (20a) adjusts the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valve (7) to change the refrigerant outlet temperature, thereby substantially adjusting the refrigerant outlet temperature to the refrigerant discharge temperature. Is equal to

Here, during the opening adjustment of the flow rate adjusting valve (7), the first control unit (20a) is configured such that the flow rate value of the high pressure bypass pipe (5) detected by the flow meter (26) is a predetermined value. If smaller than this, the flow rate adjusting valve (7) is fully closed to prevent the refrigerant from flowing into the high-pressure bypass pipe (5).

  Further, during the adjustment of the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valve (7), the first control unit (20a) is calculated from the detection values of the refrigerant inlet temperature sensor (23) and the refrigerant outlet temperature sensor (22). When the refrigerant inlet / outlet temperature of the solar heat exchanger (2) becomes lower than a predetermined value, the flow rate adjusting valve (7) is fully closed so that the refrigerant does not flow into the high-pressure bypass pipe (5).

  The second control unit (20b) compares the refrigerant discharge pressure detected by the discharge pressure sensor (24) and the refrigerant outlet pressure detected by the refrigerant outlet pressure sensor (25) to determine the refrigerant outlet pressure. If it is lower, the back pressure adjusting unit (8) is adjusted to increase the back pressure of the refrigerant pump (3). Conversely, if the refrigerant outlet pressure is higher, the back pressure adjusting unit (8) is adjusted to lower the back pressure of the refrigerant pump (3). As described above, the second control unit (20b) adjusts the back pressure adjusting unit (8) to change the refrigerant outlet pressure so that the refrigerant outlet pressure is substantially equal to the refrigerant discharge pressure. To do.

-Effect of the embodiment-
According to this embodiment, among the refrigerant that has radiated heat in the indoor heat exchanger (11), the refrigerant that has flowed toward the high-pressure bypass pipe (5) remains in a high-pressure state with the refrigerant pump (3). It can be sent to the heat exchanger (2) and absorbed by the solar heat exchanger (2). If it carries out like this, unlike the past, it is not necessary to compress the refrigerant | coolant which flowed out out of the said heat exchanger for solar heat (2) to a predetermined pressure again. Therefore, the amount of power consumption of the compressor (10) can be reduced as compared with the prior art, and the coefficient of performance of the heating device can be improved by the amount that the refrigerant is not decompressed.

  Moreover, according to this embodiment, in the solar heat exchanger (2), the heat can be absorbed by the solar heat. This amount of solar heat is not affected by the outside air temperature. Therefore, for example, when the outdoor heat exchanger (13) is configured as an air heat exchanger and installed outdoors, the outside air temperature is too low and the heat absorption amount of the refrigerant in the outdoor heat exchanger (13) is insufficient. However, the shortage can be compensated by the solar heat exchanger (2). Thereby, the coefficient of performance of the heating device can be improved while preventing the heating capacity of the heating device from being reduced as much as possible even at a low outside temperature.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, the check valve (4) ensures that the refrigerant discharged from the compressor (10) and the refrigerant of the solar heat exchanger (2) are supplied to the indoor heat exchanger (11). The coefficient of performance of the heating device can be improved while stabilizing the heating capacity of the heating device.

  According to the present embodiment, the first control unit (20a) of the controller (20) allows the high pressure bypass pipe (5) to be substantially equal to the refrigerant outlet temperature and the refrigerant discharge temperature. The flow rate of the flowing refrigerant can be adjusted by the flow rate adjusting valve (7). Thereby, since the inlet temperature of the said indoor heat exchanger (11) is stabilized, the coefficient of performance of a heating apparatus can be improved, stabilizing the heating capability in a heating apparatus.

  Further, according to this embodiment, when the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the high-pressure bypass pipe (5) is less than a predetermined value by the first control unit (20a), the flow rate adjustment valve (7) is fully closed. Thus, it is possible to prevent the refrigerant from flowing through the high-pressure bypass pipe (5).

  That is, as the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the high-pressure bypass pipe (5) decreases, the ratio of the refrigerant heat absorption amount of the solar heat exchanger (2) to the pump power of the refrigerant pump (3) may decrease. In such a case, even if the refrigerant pump (3) is driven, the coefficient of performance of the heating device only decreases.

  Therefore, when the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the high-pressure bypass pipe (5) is less than a predetermined value, power consumption of the refrigerant pump (3) is prevented by preventing the refrigerant from flowing through the high-pressure bypass pipe (5). Can be set to zero. By doing so, the refrigerant pump (3) can be prevented from being driven wastefully, and the coefficient of performance of the heating device can be improved as compared with the case where the refrigerant pump (3) is driven wastefully. Can do.

  Further, according to this embodiment, when it becomes difficult to obtain solar heat due to the weather and the refrigerant inlet / outlet temperature difference of the solar heat exchanger (2) becomes smaller than a predetermined value, the first control means ( 20a), the flow rate adjusting valve (7) is fully closed so that the refrigerant does not flow to the high pressure bypass pipe (5). By doing so, the pump power of the refrigerant pump (3) is not consumed unnecessarily, and the coefficient of performance of the heating device can be improved as compared with the case where the refrigerant pump (3) is driven unnecessarily. .

  According to the present embodiment, the performance of the solar heat exchanger (2) can be improved by using carbon dioxide as the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit (1). Thereby, the coefficient of performance of a heating apparatus can be improved.

-Modification 1 of embodiment-
In the heating device of the above-described embodiment, the heat-absorbing heat exchanger that causes the high-pressure refrigerant sent from the refrigerant pump (3) to absorb the heat is configured by the solar heat exchanger (2). Then, as shown in FIG. 2, the said heat absorption heat exchanger is comprised with the heat radiator (heat collection heat exchanger) (2) of the heat collection circuit (30) provided in the said heating apparatus.

  The heat collecting circuit (30) includes a water pump (31), a heat absorber (32), and a radiator (2) connected by a water pipe. The heat collecting circuit (30) contains water as a heat medium.

  The heat absorber (32) is a vacuum tube type heat collector. Although simplified in FIG. 2, the heat absorber (32) is formed by connecting glass tubes (vacuum containers) (9) whose interiors are kept in a vacuum state in parallel to each other. The glass tube (9) accommodates a heat collecting section (6) and a water channel (heat medium channel) (32a) communicating with the water pipe of the heat collecting circuit (30). The water channel (32a) is attached so as to penetrate the glass tube (9).

  And in the said heat absorber (32), the said heat collection part (6) collects the solar heat which passed the vacuum part in the said glass tube (9), produces | generates warm heat, and the warm heat of the said water flow path (32a) It can be absorbed in water.

  The radiator (2) includes a low temperature side channel (33a) communicating with the high pressure bypass pipe (5) of the refrigerant circuit (1) and a high temperature side channel (33b) communicating with the heat collecting circuit (30). ). And the said heat radiator (2) can make the high pressure refrigerant | coolant which flows through the said low temperature side flow path (33a) absorb the thermal heat of the water which flows through the said high temperature side flow path (33b), and can heat this high pressure refrigerant | coolant. It is like that.

  Next, the operation | movement operation | movement of the heating apparatus of the said modification 1 is demonstrated.

  The water discharged from the water pump (31) flows into the water flow path (32a) of the heat absorber (32). The water that has flowed into the water flow path (32a) absorbs the heat of solar heat generated in the heat collecting section (6), and after the temperature rises, flows out of the water flow path (32a). The water that has flowed out of the water flow path (32a) flows into the high temperature side flow path (33b) of the radiator (2). The water flowing into the high temperature side flow path (33b) dissipates heat to the refrigerant in the high pressure bypass pipe (5) flowing through the low temperature side flow path (33a), and the temperature drops. On the other hand, the high-pressure refrigerant flowing through the low temperature side flow path (33a) is heated. And the water which flowed out the said high temperature side flow path (33b) is discharged after being suck | inhaled by the said water supply pump (31), and flows in into the said water flow path (32a) again.

  Thus, in the first modification of the embodiment, instead of directly absorbing solar heat with respect to the refrigerant flowing toward the high-pressure bypass pipe (5), water circulating through the heat collecting circuit (30) is used. It is possible to heat by indirectly absorbing solar heat. Accordingly, the distance between the heat source side heat exchanger (13) and the heat absorbing heat exchanger (2) can be increased without increasing the pump power of the refrigerant pump (3).

  That is, in the case of the heating device of this embodiment, when the outdoor heat exchanger (13) and the solar heat exchanger (2) are arranged apart from each other, these heat exchangers (13, 2) are connected. The high-pressure bypass pipe (5) is long. If the high-pressure bypass pipe (5) becomes long, the pump power in the refrigerant pump (3) becomes large, which is not preferable.

  However, in the heating apparatus of the first modification, the outdoor heat exchanger (13) and the radiator (2) can be brought close to each other, and the outdoor heat exchanger (13) and the heat absorber (32) can be kept away from each other. Therefore, it is not necessary to lengthen the high-pressure bypass pipe (5), and the pump power of the refrigerant pump (3) can be reduced as compared with the heating device of the present embodiment.

  Moreover, in the modification 1 of embodiment, in the said heat absorber (32), the said heat collection part (6) collects the solar heat which passed the vacuum part in the said glass tube (9), produces | generates warm temperature, and the warm temperature Can be absorbed by water in the water flow path (32a). Thereby, the solar heat emitted from the sun can be collected in the heat collecting part (6) without causing a loss as much as possible to generate warm heat. And the water of a water flow path (32a) can be heated with the warm heat. Thereby, the amount of heating of the water increases as much as solar heat is not lost, and as a result, the coefficient of performance of the heating system can be improved.

-Modification 2 of embodiment-
The heating device according to the second modification of the embodiment and the heating device according to the above embodiment differ in the flow rate control method for the high-pressure refrigerant flowing through the high-pressure bypass pipe (5) and the pressure control method for the high-pressure refrigerant. Moreover, the structure of the element apparatus connected to the said high voltage | pressure bypass piping (5) differs between the heating apparatus of the modification 2, and the heating apparatus of the said embodiment. Here, only different points will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the high-pressure bypass pipe (5) includes a gas-liquid separator (27) and a second one in order from the first high-pressure refrigerant pipe (1a) side to the second high-pressure refrigerant pipe (1b) side. The 1 solenoid valve (28), the refrigerant pump (3), the solar heat exchanger (2), the flow meter (26), the flow rate adjusting valve (7), and the second solenoid valve (29) are connected.

  Here, the end of the first high-pressure refrigerant pipe (1a) extending from the outlet side of the indoor heat exchanger (11) is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the gas-liquid separator (27), and the gas-liquid separation is performed. The end of the first high-pressure refrigerant pipe (1a) extending from the inlet side of the expansion valve (12) is connected to the refrigerant gas outlet of the vessel (27).

  The solar heat exchanger (2) is a vacuum tube type heat collector. Although simplified in FIG. 3, the heat absorber (32) is formed by connecting glass tubes (9) whose interiors are kept in a vacuum state in parallel to each other. The glass tube (9) accommodates a heat collecting part (6) and a refrigerant channel (2a) communicating with the high-pressure bypass pipe (5) of the refrigerant circuit (1). The refrigerant channel (2a) is attached so as to penetrate the glass tube (9). In the solar heat exchanger (2), the heat collecting part (6) collects solar heat that has passed through the vacuum portion in the glass tube (9) to generate warm heat, and the warm heat is transferred to the refrigerant flow path. It can be absorbed by the high-pressure refrigerant (2a). The refrigerant flow path (2a) is provided with a heat exchanger temperature sensor (34).

  The refrigerant pump (3) is configured such that its operating capacity can be varied.

  In addition, the heating device according to the modified example 2 is provided with a controller (50) that controls the heating operation of the heating device. Hereinafter, the control operation of the controller (50) will be described.

  When the solar heat exchanger (2) is irradiated with sunlight, the temperature detected by the heat exchanger temperature sensor (34) increases. When the detected temperature becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature, the controller (50) sets the first electromagnetic valve (28) to the open state and starts the refrigerant pump (3), and then the refrigerant pump (3) Gradually increase the operating capacity. As the operating capacity of the refrigerant pump (3) gradually increases, the detected pressure value of the refrigerant outlet pressure sensor (25) also increases. Then, when the detected pressure value becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined pressure value, for example, a set high pressure value during heating operation, the second electromagnetic valve (29) is set to an open state.

  Then, the high-pressure refrigerant pressurized to the set high-pressure pressure value or more flows out from the high-pressure bypass pipe (5) and then merges with the high-pressure refrigerant in the second high-pressure refrigerant pipe (1b). Flows into the indoor heat exchanger (11). By controlling in this way, it is possible to prevent the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor (10) from flowing back to the solar heat exchanger (2).

  Even if the flow rate of the high-pressure refrigerant flowing through the high-pressure bypass pipe (5) is adjusted by the refrigerant pump (3) and the flow rate adjusting valve (7), the detected temperature of the refrigerant outlet temperature sensor (22) is 1 is smaller than a predetermined value, a difference in detected temperature between the refrigerant outlet temperature sensor (22) and the refrigerant inlet temperature sensor (23) is smaller than a second predetermined value, or the refrigerant outlet pressure sensor (25). When the detected pressure value is smaller than the set high pressure value, the refrigerant pump (3) is stopped and the first and second solenoid valves (28, 29) are closed. Set.

  The first and second predetermined values are set to the minimum values at which the high-pressure refrigerant can be heated by the solar heat exchanger (2). Therefore, when the solar radiation rate to the solar heat exchanger (2) is low, the detected temperature of the refrigerant outlet temperature sensor (22) becomes lower than the first predetermined value, or the refrigerant outlet temperature sensor The difference in detected temperature between (22) and the refrigerant inlet temperature sensor (23) may be smaller than the second predetermined value.

  By controlling in this way, it is possible to avoid wasteful consumption of the power of the refrigerant pump (3).

  Further, the initial value of the target flow rate value of the high-pressure refrigerant flowing through the high-pressure bypass pipe (5) may be set based on the heat input estimated from the solar radiation amount and the detected temperature of the refrigerant inlet temperature sensor (23). Here, the amount of solar radiation is calculated based on the latitude and longitude values at the installation location of the heating device in fine weather. The calculated value may be corrected with a value indicating the degree of cloudy weather.

  The solar heat exchanger (2) in which the detected temperature of the refrigerant outlet temperature sensor (22) is equal to or higher than a first predetermined value and the detected temperature of the refrigerant outlet temperature sensor (22) is obtained from the amount of solar radiation. The flow rate of the high-pressure refrigerant flowing through the high-pressure bypass pipe (5) is controlled so as to approach the target outlet temperature. Here, when the detected temperature of the refrigerant outlet temperature sensor (22) is lower than the first predetermined value, the operating capacity of the refrigerant pump (3) is lowered. Conversely, when the detected temperature of the refrigerant outlet temperature sensor (22) is higher than the first predetermined value, the operating capacity of the refrigerant pump (3) is increased. The adjustment amount at that time is set based on the difference in detected temperature between the refrigerant outlet temperature sensor (22) and the refrigerant inlet temperature sensor (23) and the amount of heat input estimated from the amount of solar radiation.

  When the detected pressure value of the refrigerant outlet pressure sensor (25) is smaller than the set high pressure value described above, the opening of the flow rate adjustment valve (7) is reduced to reduce the pressure of the high pressure bypass pipe (5). Increase the pressure of the high-pressure refrigerant. Here, when the pressure of the high-pressure refrigerant in the high-pressure bypass pipe (5) does not increase only by adjusting the opening degree of the flow rate adjustment valve (7), the second electromagnetic valve (29) is set in a closed state. To increase the pressure of the high-pressure refrigerant in the high-pressure bypass pipe (5). Conversely, when the detected pressure value of the refrigerant outlet pressure sensor (25) is higher than the set high pressure value, the high pressure bypass pipe (5) is increased by increasing the opening of the flow rate adjustment valve (7). Reduce the pressure of the high pressure refrigerant.

  By controlling as described above, the heating device can be operated efficiently.

<< Other Embodiments >>
About the said embodiment, it is good also as the following structures.

  In the present embodiment, solar heat is used as a high heat source, and the high-pressure refrigerant flowing through the high-pressure bypass pipe (5) is heated. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the high-pressure refrigerant uses exhaust heat from a factory or equipment. May be heated.

  In the present embodiment, the solar heat exchanger (2) is configured to generate heat from the solar heat released from the sun and heat the high-pressure refrigerant with the heat, but is not limited thereto. A condensing type that collects sunlight emitted from the sun and generates heat may be used.

  In addition, the above embodiment is an essentially preferable illustration, Comprising: It does not intend restrict | limiting the range of this invention, its application thing, or its use.

  As described above, the present invention is useful for a heating system that includes a refrigerant circuit that performs a refrigeration cycle and heats a room.

It is a refrigerant circuit figure of the heating device concerning the embodiment of the present invention. It is a refrigerant circuit figure of the heating apparatus which concerns on the modification 1 of this embodiment. It is a refrigerant circuit figure of the heating apparatus which concerns on the modification 2 of this embodiment. It is a refrigerant circuit diagram of the conventional heating system.

1 Refrigerant circuit
2 Solar heat exchanger (endothermic heat exchanger)
3 Refrigerant pump
4 Second check valve
5 High pressure bypass line
7 Flow rate adjustment valve (flow rate adjustment means)
8 Back pressure adjustment part (Back pressure adjustment means)
10 Compressor
11 Use side heat exchanger (indoor heat exchanger)
12 Expansion valve (expansion mechanism)
13 Outdoor heat exchanger (heat source side heat exchanger)
14 First check valve
15 Low pressure line
20 Controller
20a 1st control part (1st control means)
20b 2nd control part (2nd control means)
21 Discharge temperature sensor (Discharge temperature detection means)
22 Refrigerant outlet temperature sensor (refrigerant outlet temperature detection means)
23 Refrigerant inlet temperature sensor (refrigerant inlet temperature detection means)
24 Discharge pressure sensor (Discharge pressure detection means)
25 Refrigerant outlet pressure sensor (refrigerant pressure detection means)
26 Flow meter (Flow detection means)

Claims (10)

Heating provided with a refrigerant circuit (1) in which a compressor (10), a use side heat exchanger (11), an expansion mechanism (12), and a heat source side heat exchanger (13) are connected by a refrigerant pipe to perform a refrigeration cycle A system,
The refrigerant circuit (1) branches from the first high-pressure refrigerant pipe (1a) of the refrigerant circuit (10) through which the high-pressure refrigerant flowing out from the use-side heat exchanger (11) flows, and the compressor (10) A high-pressure bypass pipe (5) connected to the second high-pressure refrigerant pipe (1b) of the refrigerant circuit (10) through which the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from
A refrigerant pump (3) for sending the high-pressure refrigerant flowing into the high-pressure bypass pipe (5) from the first high-pressure refrigerant pipe (1a) side to the second high-pressure refrigerant pipe (1b) side;
An endothermic heat exchanger (2) that absorbs heat from the high-pressure refrigerant sent from the refrigerant pump (3) , and
A discharge temperature detecting means (21) for detecting the temperature of the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor (10), and a refrigerant outlet temperature detecting means (22) for detecting the refrigerant outlet temperature of the heat absorption heat exchanger (2); And a flow rate adjusting means (7) for adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the high pressure bypass pipe (5),
It is possible to perform a first operation for operating the flow rate adjusting means (7) so that the detected value of the refrigerant outlet temperature detecting means (22) becomes the same value as the detected value of the discharge temperature detecting means (21). A heating system comprising first control means (20a) . In claim 1,
The heat-absorbing heat exchanger (2) has a heat collecting part (6) that collects solar heat emitted from the sun and generates heat, and a refrigerant channel (2a) that communicates with the high-pressure bypass pipe (5). The heating system is configured to cause the high-pressure refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant flow path (2a) to absorb the heat of the heat collecting section (6). In claim 2,
The endothermic heat exchanger (2) has a glass-like vacuum container (9) whose interior is kept in a vacuum state, and the heat collection part (6) and the refrigerant are contained in the vacuum container (9). A heating system comprising a flow path (2a). In claim 1,
It has a heat collecting part (6) that collects solar heat emitted from the sun to generate heat and a heat medium channel (32a) through which the heat medium flows, and the heat medium in the heat medium channel (32a) It has a heat collection heat exchanger (32) that absorbs the heat from the heat collection section (6),
The heat-absorbing heat exchanger (2) is connected to the high-temperature channel (33b) through which the heat medium that has absorbed the heat in the heat-collecting heat exchanger (32) flows, and the low-temperature side communicating with the high-pressure bypass pipe (5). A high-pressure refrigerant that flows through the low-temperature side flow path (33a) and absorbs the heat of the heat medium in the high-temperature side flow path (33b). Heating system. In claim 4,
The heat collecting heat exchanger (32) has a glassy vacuum vessel (9) whose inside is kept in a vacuum state,
The heating system, wherein the heat collecting part (6) and the heat medium flow path (32a) are accommodated in the vacuum vessel (9). In any one of claims 1 to 5,
The flow of high-pressure refrigerant from the heat-absorbing heat exchanger (2) toward the second high-pressure refrigerant pipe (1b) is allowed downstream of the heat-absorbing heat exchanger (2) in the high-pressure bypass pipe (5). A heating system, characterized in that a check valve (4) is attached in the direction. In any one of Claims 1-6 ,
Flow rate detecting means (26) for detecting the flow rate of the high-pressure refrigerant flowing through the high-pressure bypass pipe (5),
When the detection value of the flow rate detection means (26) becomes smaller than a predetermined value, the first control means (20a) stops the first operation and starts from the first high-pressure refrigerant pipe (1a) to the high-pressure bypass pipe ( A heating system characterized by performing a second operation for operating the flow rate adjusting means (7) so as to prohibit the flow of the high-pressure refrigerant to 5). In any one of Claims 1-7,
Refrigerant inlet temperature detection means (23) for detecting the refrigerant inlet temperature of the heat absorption heat exchanger (2),
The first control means (20a) includes a refrigerant inlet / outlet temperature difference of the heat absorption heat exchanger (2) calculated from detection values of the refrigerant outlet temperature detecting means (22) and the refrigerant inlet temperature detecting means (23). Is less than a predetermined value, the flow rate adjusting means (7) is set so as to stop the first operation and prohibit the flow of the refrigerant from the first high pressure refrigerant pipe (1a) to the high pressure bypass pipe (5). A heating system characterized in that a third operation is performed. In any one of claims 1 to 8 ,
Discharge pressure detection means (24) for detecting the pressure of only the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor (10), and refrigerant pressure detection for detecting the pressure of only the high-pressure refrigerant flowing out of the heat absorption heat exchanger (2) Means (25) and back pressure adjusting means (8) for adjusting the back pressure of the refrigerant pump (3),
During the first operation of the first control means (20a), the back pressure adjusting means is such that the detected value of the refrigerant pressure detecting means (25) is the same value as the detected value of the discharge pressure detecting means (24). A heating system comprising second control means (20b) for adjusting (8). In any one of claims 1 to 9 ,
The heating system, wherein the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit (1) is carbon dioxide.

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