JP5336841B2 - Foreign matter removing apparatus and foreign matter removing method in coal - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a foreign matter removing apparatus and a method for removing a foreign matter in coal, which deal with a wear trouble of a mill, suppress useless consumption of the coal, prevent combustion efficiency from lowering, and thereby supply the coal stably. <P>SOLUTION: The first foreign matter removing apparatus 10 is equipped with: a sorting means 14 which supplies a coal raw material 13 consisting of pyrite 11 and the coal 12, sorts the pyrite 11 roughly and removes it; a first determining means 15A which determines a pyrite content in the roughly sorted coal raw material 13 and fractionates it into a coal-based raw material A whose pyrite content is less than 25%, a pyrite-containing coal raw material B whose pyrite content is 25% or more and is less than 100%, and the pyrite 11; and a second determining means 16A which determines a pyrite content in the pyrite-containing coal raw material B and fractionates it into a first pyrite-containing coal material b1 whose pyrite content is 25% or more and is less than 50%, and a second pyrite-containing coal material b2 whose pyrite content is 50% or more and is less than 100%. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a foreign matter removing apparatus for removing magnetic foreign matters such as pyrite in coal and a foreign matter removing method in coal.

In thermal power plants using pulverized coal, pulverized coal production technology is an important factor in improving power generation efficiency. In order to reduce fuel costs as part of efforts to reduce power generation costs, pulverized coal-fired power generation using low-grade coal has been applied. At that time, the low-grade coal contains a large amount of magnetic foreign matters such as pyrite (FeS ₂ ), which causes a decrease in durability of pulverized coal production equipment such as a coal mill.

  Therefore, the development of technology for removing magnetic foreign matters such as pyrite has been advanced. For example, a coal raw material (raw coal) stored in a coal bunker is sent to a coarse pulverizer such as a mill by a belt conveyor and coarsely pulverized. Coarsely pulverized coal is washed with water and washed with carbon, and then magnetic foreign matters such as pyrite are removed and pulverized with a mill to form pulverized coal, which is used as a combustion fuel for a boiler (Patent Documents 1 to Patent Documents). 4).

JP-A-9-253524 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-248486 JP-A-9-187673 JP-A-9-262497

However, in the conventional technology, it is determined whether or not a magnetic foreign matter such as pyrite is contained in the coal raw material, and if the magnetic foreign matter is contained, it is merely removed and it is clear how much the magnetic foreign matter is contained. There wasn't. FIG. 15 is a diagram simply illustrating a conventional pyrite removal process. As shown in FIG. 15 , when the content of magnetic foreign matter in the coal raw material is small as the magnetic foreign matter removing means, it was fed to the mill as coal. When coal is pulverized by a coarse pulverizer such as a mill, the coal raw material contains magnetic foreign matters such as pyrite in addition to coal, which causes a problem that the mill wears and causes the mill to stop. is there.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 15 , when the content of magnetic foreign matter in the coal raw material is large, the coal is discarded because it is discarded as magnetic foreign matter, and the supply amount of coal is reduced and the coal is wasted. There is a problem that it will be consumed.

  Moreover, if foreign materials such as pyrite are mixed in the coal raw material, there is a problem that the combustion ratio when used as coal fuel is lowered and the combustion efficiency is lowered.

  Furthermore, there is a problem that it takes a lot of analysis time to analyze the content of magnetic foreign matter in the coal raw material.

  In view of the above problems, the present invention eliminates the problem of wear of the mill, suppresses wasteful consumption of coal, prevents deterioration of combustion efficiency, and removes foreign matter that can stably supply coal. It is an object to provide an apparatus and a method for removing foreign matter in coal.

  The first invention of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problem is to supply a coal raw material composed of magnetic foreign matters and coal, to roughly sort the magnetic foreign matters in the coal raw material, and to remove the magnetic foreign matters. Means for determining the content of magnetic foreign matter in the coarsely selected coal raw material, a coal-based raw material having a magnetic foreign matter content of less than 25%, and a magnetic foreign matter-containing coal raw material having a magnetic foreign matter content of 25% or more and less than 100% And a first determination unit that separates the magnetic foreign matter into the magnetic foreign matter content in the coal raw material containing the magnetic foreign matter, and the magnetic foreign matter content is 25% or more and less than 50%. A foreign matter removing apparatus comprising: a second determination unit that separates the containing coal and a second magnetic foreign matter-containing coal having a magnetic foreign matter content of 50% or more and less than 100%.

  According to a second invention, in the first invention, the first determination means uses the first light having a wavelength of 120 nm to 180 nm and the second light having a wavelength of 1000 nm to 1350 nm as the coal raw material. A foreign matter removal apparatus comprising: an optical oscillator that alternately illuminates; and a foreign matter content determination device that includes a detector that detects reflected light that is mainly reflected from the coal by the coal raw material. It is in.

  According to a third invention, in the first invention, the first determination means uses a third light having a wavelength of 200 nm to 300 nm and a second light having a wavelength of 1000 nm to 1350 nm as the coal raw material. Foreign matter removal apparatus comprising: an optical oscillator that alternately illuminates; and a foreign matter content determination device that includes a detector that detects reflected light mainly reflecting the magnetic foreign matter with the coal raw material in the irradiated light. In the device.

  In a fourth aspect based on the first aspect, the first determination means includes a coal raw material determination container that accommodates the coal raw material for determination, a conveyor that conveys the coal raw material determination container, and both sides of the conveyor. The foreign matter removing apparatus is a capacitance determining apparatus having a pair of parallel plate capacitors provided in the apparatus.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the foreign matter removing apparatus according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the second determination means obtains the specific gravity of the coal raw material from the weight and volume of the coal raw material. is there.

According to a sixth invention, in any one of the first to fourth inventions, the second determination means irradiates a pulse laser to the coal raw material and a pulse laser oscillator that irradiates the coal raw material. A detector that detects the reflected light of the laser, identifies the shape of the coal raw material from the detected reflected light, obtains the volume of the coal raw material, and determines the coal raw material from the weight of the coal raw material measured in advance. The foreign substance removing apparatus is characterized by obtaining a specific gravity.

According to a seventh invention, in any one of the first to fourth inventions, the second determination means irradiates a CW laser toward the coal raw material, the CW laser oscillator, and the coal raw material The quartz raw material is connected to a high frequency power source and a photodetector for detecting the reflected light of the CW laser irradiated on the coal raw material, and the shape of the coal raw material is determined from the detected reflected light. The foreign matter removing apparatus is characterized in that the volume of the coal raw material is specified, and the specific gravity of the coal raw material is obtained from the weight of the coal raw material measured in advance.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the foreign matter removing apparatus according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, wherein the magnetic foreign matter is at least one of pyrite, iron, and magnetite.

9th invention conveys the coal raw material which consists of a magnetic foreign material and coal, and separates the said magnetic foreign material and the coal main raw material whose magnetic foreign material content is less than 25%, and removes the said magnetic foreign material. The foreign matter removing apparatus according to any one of claims 8 , a coarse pulverizer for coarsely pulverizing the coal conveyed from the foreign matter removing apparatus, and a fine pulverizer for further finely pulverizing the coarsely pulverized coal by the coarse pulverizer A boiler having a burner that burns using supplied air and combustion exhaust gas discharged from the pulverizer, and uses the exhaust gas discharged from the boiler as a heat source for generating steam, A generator that drives the generator, recovers the water condensed by the generator again with a condenser, circulates the steam turbine, and a dust collector that removes the dust in the exhaust gas discharged from the boiler, SO _X in the exhaust gas A flue gas desulfurization device for catching SO ₃ mist causes a desulfurization reaction to dilute sulfuric acid, in a coal combustion system characterized by comprising a chimney for discharging the desulfurized flue gas in the flue gas desulfurization device.

A tenth aspect of the invention is a foreign matter removal method in coal that separates the magnetic foreign matter and the coal from a coal raw material containing magnetic foreign matter, the coal raw material being supplied, and the magnetic foreign matter in the coal raw material being coarsened. A sorting step for sorting and separating the magnetic foreign matter, a magnetic foreign matter content in the roughly sorted coal raw material is determined, a coal-based raw material having a magnetic foreign matter content of less than 25%, and a magnetic foreign matter content of 25% or more , A first determination step of separating the magnetic foreign material containing coal raw material less than 100% and the magnetic foreign material, and determining the magnetic foreign material content in the magnetic foreign material containing coal raw material, and the magnetic foreign material content is 25% or more And a second determination step of separating the first magnetic foreign matter-containing coal less than 50% and the second magnetic foreign matter-containing coal having a magnetic foreign matter content of 50% or more and less than 100%. In the method for removing foreign matter in coal.

In an eleventh aspect based on the tenth aspect , the first determination step uses the first light having a wavelength of 120 nm to 180 nm and the second light having a wavelength of 1000 nm to 1350 nm as the coal raw material. Irradiating alternately, and detecting the reflected light of 120 nm or more and 180 nm or less of the reflected light and the reflected light of 1000 nm or more and 1350 nm or less of the light reflected mainly by the coal raw material. And the content rate of the said magnetic foreign material in the said coal raw material is judged, It exists in the foreign material removal method in coal characterized by the above-mentioned.

In a twelfth aspect based on the tenth aspect , the first determination step uses the third light having a wavelength of 200 nm to 300 nm and the third light having a wavelength of 1000 nm to 1350 nm as the coal raw material. Irradiated alternately, the reflected light of the third light having a wavelength of 200 nm or more and 300 nm or less and the reflected light of the second light having a wavelength of 1000 nm or more and 1350 nm or less reflected mainly from the magnetic foreign material by the coal raw material. Detecting and determining a content ratio of the magnetic foreign matter in the coal raw material, the method for removing foreign matter in coal.

In a thirteenth aspect based on the tenth aspect , the first determination step conveys a coal raw material determination container storing the coal raw material for determination by a conveyor, and a pair of parallel provided on both sides of the conveyor A method for removing foreign matter in coal, comprising measuring a capacitance of the coal raw material with a plate capacitor, and determining a content ratio of the magnetic foreign material in the coal raw material from a change in the capacitance of the coal raw material. is there.

A fourteenth aspect of the present invention is the foreign matter in coal according to any one of the tenth to thirteenth aspects, wherein the second determination step obtains the specific gravity of the coal raw material from the weight and volume of the coal raw material. In the removal method.

In a fifteenth aspect of the invention, in any one of the tenth to thirteenth aspects, the second determination step irradiates the coal raw material with a pulse laser, and the reflected light of the pulse laser irradiated on the coal raw material. Is detected by a streak camera, the shape of the coal raw material is specified from the detected measurement value, the volume of the coal raw material is obtained, and the specific gravity of the coal raw material is obtained from the weight of the coal raw material measured in advance. There is a foreign matter removal method in coal.

In a sixteenth aspect based on any one of the tenth to thirteenth aspects, the second determination step irradiates a CW laser toward the coal raw material, and applies a high frequency voltage to the CW laser every predetermined time. The trajectory of the CW laser is changed, and the waveform of the CW laser is used as a train pulse. The reflected light of the CW laser having the train pulse reflected by the coal raw material is detected by a high-speed response photoreceiver. The foreign material removal method in coal is characterized in that the shape of the coal raw material is specified, the volume of the coal raw material is obtained, and the specific gravity of the coal raw material is obtained from the weight of the coal raw material measured in advance.

A seventeenth invention is the foreign matter removal method in coal according to any one of the tenth to sixteenth inventions, wherein the magnetic foreign matter is at least one of pyrite, iron, and magnetite.

  According to the present invention, a coal raw material consisting of magnetic foreign matter and coal is supplied, the magnetic foreign matter in the coal raw material is roughly sorted, the sorting means for removing the magnetic foreign matter, and the magnetic material in the coarsely sorted coal raw material. The foreign matter content is determined and classified into a coal-based raw material A having a magnetic foreign matter content of less than 25%, a magnetic foreign matter-containing coal raw material having a magnetic foreign matter content of 25% or more and less than 100%, and the magnetic foreign matter. 1, a magnetic foreign matter content in the magnetic foreign matter-containing coal raw material is judged, the first magnetic foreign matter-containing coal having a magnetic foreign matter content of 25% or more and less than 50%, and a magnetic foreign matter content of 50 %, And a second determination means for separating the second magnetic foreign matter-containing coal into less than 100%, the magnetic foreign matter in the coal raw material can be removed, and the coal-based raw material is recovered. can do. Moreover, it can be further classified into the first pyrite-containing coal and the second pyrite-containing coal. Therefore, according to the pyrite content of the pyrite-containing coal raw material, the raw material that becomes the coal-based raw material containing a large amount of the coal is recovered from the pyrite-containing coal, and the pyrite-containing coal that can hardly recover the raw material that becomes the coal-based raw material is the pyrite Can be disposed of together.

For this reason, when the coal raw material is pulverized by a coarse pulverizer such as a mill, the content of the magnetic foreign matter is small in the coal raw material, so that the mill wear trouble caused by the magnetic foreign matter is reduced and the mill is stopped. It is possible to prevent the waste of coal from being discarded with the disposal of the magnetic foreign matter, and to prevent the combustion ratio from being lowered when used as coal fuel. In addition, the content of the magnetic foreign matter in the coal raw material can be analyzed in a shorter time than before.
Therefore, since the coal-based raw material can be stably supplied to the mill or the like, it is possible to prevent a reduction in combustion efficiency when used as coal fuel and to operate the mill stably.

  Further, according to the present invention, there is provided a method for removing foreign matter in coal, which separates the magnetic foreign matter and the coal from a coal raw material containing magnetic foreign matter, the coal raw material being supplied, and the magnetic foreign matter in the coal raw material. Roughly separating the magnetic foreign matter and determining the content of the magnetic foreign matter in the coarsely sorted coal raw material, the coal-based raw material having a magnetic foreign matter content of less than 25%, and the magnetic foreign matter content of 25 % Or more and less than 100% of the magnetic foreign material-containing coal raw material and the magnetic foreign material content in the first determination step for separating the magnetic foreign material in the magnetic foreign material-containing coal raw material is determined. % And less than 50% of the first magnetic foreign matter-containing coal and the second determination step of separating the second magnetic foreign matter-containing coal having a magnetic foreign matter content of 50% or more and less than 100%. Removing the magnetic foreign matter in the coal raw material It is possible, it is possible to recover the coal mainly raw materials. Moreover, it can be further classified into the first pyrite-containing coal and the second pyrite-containing coal. Therefore, according to the pyrite content of the pyrite-containing coal raw material, the raw material that becomes the coal-based raw material containing a large amount of the coal is recovered from the pyrite-containing coal, and the pyrite-containing coal that can hardly recover the raw material that becomes the coal-based raw material is the pyrite Can be disposed of together.

For this reason, when the coal-based raw material is pulverized by a coarse pulverizer such as a mill, the content of the magnetic foreign matter is small in the coal-based raw material, so that the mill wear trouble caused by the magnetic foreign matter is reduced and the mill is reduced. Can be prevented, and wasteful disposal of coal accompanying the disposal of the magnetic foreign matter can be suppressed, and a reduction in the combustion ratio when used as coal fuel can be prevented. In addition, the content of the magnetic foreign matter in the coal raw material can be analyzed in a shorter time than before.
Therefore, since the coal-based raw material can be stably supplied to the mill or the like, it is possible to prevent a reduction in combustion efficiency when used as coal fuel and to operate the mill stably.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments. In addition, constituent elements in the following embodiments include those that can be easily assumed by those skilled in the art or those that are substantially the same.

A foreign matter removing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram schematically illustrating the configuration of a foreign matter removing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 illustrates the configuration of the first determination unit of the foreign matter removing apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure shown simply.
Further, in the present embodiment will be described with reference to pyrite (FeS ₂₎ as a magnetic foreign matter contained in the coal feedstock.
As shown in FIG. 1, the first foreign matter removing apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment supplies a coal raw material (raw coal) 13 composed of pyrite 11 and coal 12, and roughly sorts the pyrite 11 in the coal raw material 13. Then, the selection means 14 for removing the pyrite 11 and the pyrite content in the coarsely selected coal raw material 13 are determined, the coal-based raw material A having a pyrite content of less than 25%, the pyrite content of 25% or more, 100 % Pyrite-containing coal raw material B and first determination means 15A for separating into pyrite 11 and pyrite content in the pyrite-containing coal raw material B are determined, and the pyrite content is 25% or more and less than 50%. A first determination means 16A for separating the first pyrite-containing coal b1 and the second pyrite-containing coal b2 having a pyrite content of 50% or more and less than 100%; It is intended to.
Further, among pyrites, one having a particularly high magnetic susceptibility is called pyrotite (FeS). In the present invention, pyrite includes such a material having a high magnetic susceptibility.

  The sorting means 14 roughly sorts the pyrite 11 in the coal raw material 13 and removes the pyrite 11 in the coal raw material 13 crushed to, for example, several tens of mm. Further, the pyrite 11 roughly selected by the selecting means 14 is removed to some extent such as what can be visually observed. The removed pyrite 11 is collected, stored, and discarded.

  The roughly selected coal raw material 13 is fed to the first determination means 15A. In the first determination means 15A, the content of pyrite 11 in the roughly selected coal raw material 13 is determined, and the coal-based raw material A having a pyrite content of less than 25% and the pyrite content of 25% or more and less than 100%. The pyrite-containing coal raw material B and the pyrite 11 are separated.

As shown in FIG. 2, a foreign matter content determination device is used as the first determination means 15A. The foreign matter content determination device 15A includes an optical oscillator 21 that alternately irradiates the coal raw material 13 with first light having a wavelength of 120 nm or more and 180 nm or less and second light having a wavelength of 1240 nm, and coal among the irradiated light. And a detector 22 that detects reflected light mainly reflected from the pyrite 11 by the raw material 13. From the optical oscillator 21, first light having a wavelength of 155 nm and second light having a wavelength of 1240 nm are alternately oscillated and applied to the coal raw material 13. The light reflected by the half mirror 23 enters the coal raw material 13, and the reflected light mainly reflected from the pyrite 11 by the coal raw material 13 passes through the half mirror 23 and enters the detector 22, and has a first wavelength of 155 nm. And reflected light of the second light having a wavelength of 1240 nm is detected.
Further, in this specification, the half mirror refers to a mirror that adjusts the amount of light by dividing light in a specific designated wavelength range into arbitrary reflectance and transmittance.

Imaging is performed by reflected light of the first light having a wavelength of 155 nm detected by the detector 22 and the second light having a wavelength of 1240 nm. Imaging is obtained from the ratio between the reflected light S of the first light having a wavelength of 150 nm and the reference light R of the second light having a wavelength of 1240 nm, as in the following equation.
The reference light of the second light having a wavelength of 1240 nm refers to reflected light when the second light having a wavelength of 1240 nm is reflected by the coal raw material 13. As will be described later, the second light having a wavelength of 1000 nm is used because it is reflected in both the pyrite 11 and the coal 12.
S (reflected light of the first light having a wavelength of 155 nm) / R (reference light of the second light having a wavelength of 1240 nm) (1)
In addition, when incident light reflects 100% reliably, reference light is unnecessary, but reference light is used in consideration of the case where incident light changes.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the light energy of pyrite (FeS ₂ ) and the reflection spectrum . As shown in FIG. 3, since the peak of the reflection spectrum is low when the light energy is around 8 eV, the pyrite 11 has a high absorption ratio of light around the light energy of 8 eV, but the reflection spectrum of the light energy is around 1 to 2 eV. Since the peak is high, the pyrite 11 reflects light with a low light absorption rate near 1 to 2 eV.

The wavelength of light at 8 eV is generally about 155 nm, and the wavelength of light at 1 eV is generally 1240 nm. Therefore, (equivalent to wavelength 155 nm) when the light energy is about 8eV 3, the ratio of absorption of light in the pyrite is high, the proportion of light is reflected is low, a wavelength of 1240nm light The rate of reflection will be high .

  Further, the wavelength of the first light emitted from the optical oscillator 21 is 155 nm, but it is sufficient that the wavelength of the pyrite 11 absorbs light and does not reflect light, and light having a wavelength of 120 to 180 nm. The wavelength is preferably 140 nm or more and 160 nm or less, and more preferably about 155 nm. In this embodiment, light having a wavelength of 155 nm is used.

  Further, the wavelength of the second light emitted from the optical oscillator 21 is 1240 nm, but it is sufficient that the pyrite 11 is in a range in which light is highly reflected, and the wavelength is preferably 1000 nm or more and 1350 nm or less. May be light having a wavelength of 1050 nm or more and 1300 nm or less. In this embodiment, light having a wavelength of 1240 nm is used.

4 and 5 are diagrams showing states of images obtained by imaging the coal raw material detected by the detector. As shown in FIG. 4, when the pyrite 11 is not contained in the coal raw material 13, both the first light having a wavelength of 155 nm and the second light having a wavelength of 1240 nm are reflected by the coal raw material 13. The coal raw material 13 is projected on the detector 22 as a white image. On the other hand, if the pyrite 11 coal material 13 is contained in part, wavelength first light 155nm has a high rate that will be absorbed by pyrite 11, the proportion of reflection is low, as shown in FIG. 5 Furthermore, the portion of the pyrite 11 is projected on the detector 22 as a black image.

  Therefore, the wavelength detected by the optical oscillator 21 by alternately irradiating the coal raw material 13 with the first light having a wavelength of 155 nm and the second light having a wavelength of 1240 nm by the foreign matter content determination device (first determination means) 15A. Using the reflected light mainly reflecting the coal 12 with the coal raw material 13 when the first light is 155 nm and the reference light when the second light having a wavelength of 1240 nm is used, the pyrite 11 in the coal raw material 13 is used. The content ratio of can be determined.

The coal-based raw material A sorted by the foreign matter content determination device 15A is collected for use as fuel. Further, the pyrite 11 is collected and discarded in the same manner as the selecting means 14.
Further, the pyrite-containing coal raw material B has a pyrite content of 25% or more and less than 100%, and also contains coal 12 that can be used as fuel. Therefore, in order to collect the coal 12 which can be used and to classify what is discarded as the pyrite 11, it is sent to the second determination means 16A.

  In the second determination means 16 </ b> A, the specific gravity of the coal raw material 13 is obtained from the weight and volume of the coal raw material 13. The coal raw material 13 is filled in a predetermined volume, the weight and volume of the coal raw material 13 are measured, and the specific gravity of the coal raw material 13 is obtained. The specific gravity of the coal 12 is about 1-2, and the specific gravity of the pyrite 11 is about 6. Here, if the specific gravity of the coal 12 is 1.5, when the specific gravity of the coal raw material 13 is about 2.625, the pyrite content is about 25%, and the specific gravity of the coal raw material 13 is about 3.75. In some cases, the pyrite content is about 50%.

  Therefore, the pyrite content of the obtained pyrite containing coal raw material B can be calculated | required by calculating | requiring the relationship between specific gravity of the coal raw material 13 and pyrite content previously.

  By the second determination means 16A, the first pyrite-containing coal b1 having a pyrite content of 25% or more and less than 50% also contains a large amount of coal 12 that can be used as fuel. Therefore, the first pyrite-containing coal b1 is crushed and mixed with the coal raw material 13, and after the coarse selection of the pyrite 11 as described above in the selection means 14, the coal 12 is recovered by the first determination means 15A.

  Further, the second pyrite-containing coal b2 having a pyrite content of 50% or more and less than 100% by the second determination means 16A is mostly pyrite 11. Therefore, the second pyrite-containing coal b2 is recovered together with the pyrite 11 recovered by the sorting means 14 and the first determination means 15A, and then discarded.

  Therefore, by the second determination means 16A, the first pyrite-containing coal b1 having a pyrite content of 25% or more and less than 50% and the second pyrite-containing coal b2 having a pyrite content of 50% or more and less than 100%. The coal 12 that can be recovered from the first pyrite-containing coal b1 is recovered, and the second pyrite-containing coal b2 that hardly recovers the coal 12 can be discarded together with the pyrite 11, so that the coal raw material 13 The pyrite 11 inside can be separated efficiently.

  Moreover, although the coal raw material 13 is crushed and transported to several tens of millimeters, for example, the size of the coal raw material 13 to be transported is not particularly limited to this, and may be larger or finely pulverized. .

  Moreover, in the foreign material removal apparatus 10A according to the present embodiment, the description has been made using the pyrite 11 as the magnetic foreign material, but other magnetic foreign materials such as iron and magnetite can be used, and the separation of the other magnetic foreign materials and the coal 12 is possible. You may make it use for performing.

  As described above, according to the foreign matter removing apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment, the pyrite 11 in the coal raw material 13 is roughly sorted by the sorting unit 14 and a certain amount of the pyrite 11 is removed. The pyrite 11 is removed by determining the pyrite content in the coarsely selected coal raw material 13 using 15A and separating it into a coal-based raw material A, a pyrite-containing coal raw material B, and a pyrite 11. The coal-based raw material A containing a large amount of coal 12 can be recovered from the coal raw material 13. Further, the second determination means 16A determines the pyrite content in the pyrite-containing coal raw material B from the value of the specific gravity of the obtained pyrite-containing coal raw material B, and the first pyrite-containing coal b1 and the second pyrite It can be further separated into containing coal b2. For this reason, according to content of the pyrite 11 of the pyrite containing coal raw material B, the raw material used as the coal main raw material A containing many coals 12 from the 1st pyrite containing coal b1 is collect | recovered, and most raw materials used as the coal main raw material A are collected. The second pyrite-containing coal b2 that cannot be recovered can be discarded together with the pyrite 11.

As a result, when the coal raw material 13 is pulverized by a coarse pulverizer such as a mill, the content of the magnetic foreign matter such as the pyrite 11 is small in the coal raw material 13, so that the mill wear trouble caused by the pyrite 11 is reduced and the mill is reduced. Can be prevented, and it is possible to suppress wasteful disposal of coal with the disposal of magnetic foreign matters such as pyrite 11, and to prevent the combustion ratio from being lowered when used as coal fuel. Can do. Moreover, analysis of content of the pyrite 11 in the coal raw material 13 can be performed in a shorter time than before.
Therefore, according to the foreign matter removing apparatus 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention, since the coal-based raw material can be stably supplied to a mill or the like, it is possible to prevent a reduction in combustion efficiency when used as coal fuel. At the same time, the mill can be operated stably.

A foreign matter removing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
Since the second foreign matter removing apparatus according to the present embodiment is the same as the configuration of the first foreign matter removing apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the diagram showing the configuration of the second foreign matter removing apparatus is omitted. The duplicated explanation is omitted.
The second foreign matter removing apparatus according to this embodiment is a first foreign substance having a wavelength of 250 nm from the optical oscillator 21 of the first determination means 15A of the first foreign matter removing apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. Light and a second light having a wavelength of 1240 nm are alternately applied to the coal raw material 13.

  From the optical oscillator 21 shown in FIG. 2, the third light having a wavelength of 250 nm and the second light having a wavelength of 1240 nm are alternately irradiated. The light reflected by the half mirror 23 enters the coal raw material 13, and the reflected light mainly reflected from the pyrite 11 by the coal raw material 13 passes through the half mirror 23 and enters the detector 22, and has a wavelength of 250 nm. And reflected light of the second light having a wavelength of 1240 nm is detected.

Since the coal 12 absorbs the third light having a wavelength of 250 nm, the third light having a wavelength of 250 nm is not reflected even when the coal 12 is irradiated, but the second light having a wavelength of 1000 nm is absorbed by the coal 12. Without reflection.
Imaging is performed by reflected light of the third light having a wavelength of 250 nm detected by the detector 22 and the second light having a wavelength of 1240 nm. Imaging is obtained from the ratio between the reflected light S of the third light having a wavelength of 250 nm and the reference light R of the second light having a wavelength of 1240 nm, as in the following equation.
S (reflected light of the third light having a wavelength of 250 nm) / R (reference light of the second light having a wavelength of 1240 nm) (2)

  Further, the wavelength of the third light emitted from the optical oscillator 21 is 250 nm, but may be in a range where the coal 12 does not reflect light, and may be light having a wavelength of 200 nm or more and 400 nm or less, preferably What is necessary is just light with a wavelength of 225 nm or more and 350 nm or less. In this embodiment, light having a wavelength of 250 nm is used.

  6 and 7 are diagrams showing the state of the image of the coal raw material detected by the detector. As shown in FIG. 6, when the pyrite 11 is not contained in the coal raw material 13, the third light having a wavelength of 250 nm is not reflected by the coal raw material 13, and the second light having a wavelength of 1240 nm is not reflected by the coal raw material. 13, the coal raw material 13 is projected on the detector 22 as a black image. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 7, when the pyrite 11 is partially contained in the coal raw material 13, the third light having a wavelength of 250 nm is reflected by the pyrite 11. Is projected as a white image.

  Since the image of the pyrite 11 projected on the detector 22 is projected more white, the content ratio of the pyrite 11 in the coal raw material 13 can be recognized more clearly.

  Therefore, the foreign material content determination device (first determination means) alternately irradiates the coal raw material 13 with the third light having a wavelength of 250 nm and the second light having a wavelength of 1240 nm, and is detected by the optical oscillator 21. The pyrite 11 in the coal raw material 13 can be obtained by using the reflected light mainly reflecting the pyrite 11 with the coal raw material 13 when the third light has a wavelength of 250 nm and the reference light when the second light has a wavelength of 1000 nm. The content ratio of can be determined.

A third foreign matter removing apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram schematically showing the configuration of the first determination means of the third foreign matter removing apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
The third foreign matter removing apparatus according to the present embodiment has the same configuration except for the first judging means 15A of the first foreign matter removing apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. Only the configuration will be described, and description of configurations other than the first determination unit will be omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the third foreign matter removing apparatus according to the present embodiment replaces the first determination means 15A of the first foreign matter removing apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. A capacity determination device 15B is used. The capacitance determination device 15B includes a coal raw material determination container 31 that stores the coal raw material 13, a conveyor 32 that conveys the coal raw material determination container 31, and a pair of parallel plate capacitors 33 provided on both sides of the conveyor 32. Is.

  A coal raw material determination container 31 is placed on the conveyor 32, and a predetermined capacity of the coal raw material 13 is put into the coal raw material determination container 31, and is passed between a pair of parallel plate capacitors 33. When the coal raw material determination container 31 is passed between the pair of parallel plate capacitors 33, the power supply 34 is turned on, and the capacitance change of the coal raw material 13 in each coal raw material determination container 31 is observed by the capacitance meter 35. .

  The electrostatic capacity of coal 12 and pyrite 11 is different, and the electrostatic capacity of coal 12 is x. At this time, when the capacitance of the coal raw material 13 measured by the capacitance meter 35 is larger than x and smaller than 2x, it is determined that the coal-based raw material A has a pyrite content of less than 25%, and the coal Used as fuel. Moreover, when the electrostatic capacity of the coal raw material 13 is 2x or more and less than 3x, it is judged as the 1st pyrite containing coal b1 whose pyrite content is 25% or more and less than 50%. Moreover, when the electrostatic capacity of the coal raw material 13 is 3x or more and less than 5x, it is judged as the 2nd pyrite containing coal b2 whose pyrite content is 50% or more and less than 100%. The first pyrite-containing coal b1 and the second pyrite-containing coal b2 are supplied to the second determination means 16A as the pyrite 11-containing coal raw material B. Further, when the electrostatic capacity of the coal raw material 13 is 5 ×, the pyrite content is 100%, and it is determined as the pyrite 11 and is collected and then discarded.

Therefore, a predetermined capacity of the coal raw material 13 is put into the coal raw material determination container 31, passed between the pair of parallel plate capacitors 33, and the capacitance of the coal raw material 13 is observed. Since the change in the capacitance of the coal raw material 13 can be seen, the content ratio of the pyrite 11 in the coal raw material 13 can be confirmed in a short time.
For this reason, even when, for example, 2000 t / day of coal is consumed, as in a coal-fired thermal power plant, it can be processed in a short time.

The fourth foreign matter removing apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 9 is a conceptual diagram schematically showing the configuration of the second determination means of the fourth foreign matter removing apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
The fourth foreign matter removing apparatus according to the present embodiment has the same configuration except for the second determining means 16A of the first foreign matter removing apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. Only the configuration will be described, and description of configurations other than the second determination unit will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 9 , the fourth foreign matter removing apparatus according to the present embodiment replaces the second determination means 16A of the first foreign matter removing apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. A measuring device is used. The foreign matter volume measuring device 16B is composed of a pulse laser oscillator 51 that irradiates the coal raw material 13 with a pulse laser and a streak camera (light detector) 52 that detects reflected light of the pulse laser irradiated on the coal raw material 13. It is.
The pulse width of the pulse laser is 10 ps or more and 30 ps or less.

  The pulse laser oscillated from the pulse laser oscillator 51 is irradiated with a light beam prepared by an optical collimator 53, reflected by a half mirror 54 and directed toward a coal raw material 13 installed on a table 55. The reflected light of the pulse laser reflected by the coal raw material 13 passes through the half mirror 54 and is collected by the condenser lens 56 and then measured by the streak camera 52. The streak camera 52 measures the unevenness of the shape of the coal raw material 13. And after measuring the unevenness | corrugation of the shape of one surface of the coal raw material 13, the stand 55 is reversed 180 degree | times, and a pulse laser is irradiated toward the coal raw material 13 similarly to the above, and the other side of the coal raw material 13 is irradiated. The unevenness of the shape of the surface is measured. The image of the coal raw material 13 measured by the streak camera 52 is analyzed by the image analysis device 57 to obtain the volume of the coal raw material 13.

The weight of the coal raw material 13 is measured in advance, and the specific gravity of the coal raw material 13 is obtained from the obtained volume of the coal raw material 13 according to the following formula, as described above.
Specific gravity of coal raw material = weight of coal raw material / volume of coal raw material (3)

The pulse width of the pulse laser is 1 × 10 ⁻⁹ s (1 ns), the spatial resolution is 30 cm, the pulse width is 1 × 10 ⁻¹² s (1 ps), and the spatial resolution is 0.3 mm. The streak camera 52 is capable of continuous shooting at 30 ps, and the spatial resolution at this time is about 1.0 cm. Therefore, the pulse width of the pulse laser can correspond to the imaging speed at which the streak camera 52 can perform continuous imaging. By adjusting the interval between the pulse width of the pulse laser and the imaging speed of the streak camera 52, the coal raw material 13 Since the shape can be grasped, the volume of the coal raw material 13 can be obtained in a shorter time than before.
Therefore, since the volume of the coal raw material 13 can be obtained in a shorter time than before, the specific gravity of the coal raw material 13 can be obtained from the weight of the coal raw material 13 in a shorter time than before.

  In this embodiment, the weight of the coal raw material 13 is measured in advance before measuring the shape of the coal raw material 13 and determining the volume of the coal raw material 13. At the same time, the weight of the coal raw material 13 may be measured.

In the present embodiment, the unevenness of the shape of the coal raw material 13 is measured only from one side of the coal raw material 13, but the unevenness of the shape of both surfaces of the coal raw material 13 may be measured simultaneously. As in the foreign matter volume measuring apparatus 16C shown in FIG. 10 , the pulse laser oscillated from the pulse laser oscillator 51 is branched by a half mirror 54-1, and one pulse laser passes through the reflection mirror 58-1 and the half mirror 54. -2 is reflected, and one surface of the coal raw material 13 is irradiated with a pulse laser. The reflected light of the pulse laser reflected by the coal raw material 13 passes through the half mirror 54-2 and is detected by the streak camera 52-1, and the uneven shape on the surface side irradiated with the pulse laser of the coal raw material 13 is measured. . The other pulse laser branched by the half mirror 54-1 is reflected by the half mirror 54-3 via the reflection mirrors 58-2 and 58-3, and the other surface of the coal raw material 13 is irradiated with the pulse laser. The reflected light of the pulse laser reflected by the coal raw material 13 passes through the half mirror 54-3, is detected by the streak camera 52-2, and the uneven shape on the surface side irradiated with the pulse laser of the coal raw material 13 is measured. . Then, the images detected by the streak cameras 52-1 and 52-2 are analyzed by the image analyzers 57-1 and 57-2, respectively, and the volume of the coal raw material 13 is obtained. Therefore, since the unevenness of the image of the coal raw material 13 can be measured at the same time without reversing 180 ° after measuring the unevenness of the shape of one surface of the coal raw material 13, the measurement of the volume of the coal raw material 13 is further performed. It can be done in a short time.

In the present embodiment, a YAG laser (wavelength: 1064 nm) is oscillated from the pulse laser oscillator 51 as in the foreign matter volume measuring device 16D shown in FIG. 11 , and the half mirrors 54-1, 54-2, 54-5, The coal raw material 13 is irradiated through a first route 59-1 composed of 54-6. By detecting the reflected light reflected by the coal raw material 13 with the streak camera 52, the uneven shape of the coal raw material 13 can be confirmed, and the reference light of the coal 12 in the coal raw material 13 can be detected.
The YAG laser (wavelength: 1064 nm) that has passed through the half mirror 54-2 is converted into a fourth optical harmonic (wavelength: 266 nm) by the wavelength converter 60, and is formed of half mirrors 54-3 and 54-4. The coal raw material 13 is irradiated through the two routes 59-2. Since the coal 12 absorbs the fourth optical harmonic (wavelength: 266 nm), the reflected light of the fourth optical harmonic (wavelength: 266 nm) reflected by the coal raw material 13 is detected by the streak camera 52, so that the coal raw material 13 Inside coal 12 can be confirmed.
Therefore, the YAG laser (wavelength: 1064 nm) is divided into the YAG laser (wavelength: 1064 nm) and the fourth harmonic (wavelength: 266 nm) using a plurality of half mirrors and wavelength converters, and is irradiated onto the coal raw material 13. Therefore, the uneven shape of the surface of the coal raw material 13 can be measured more efficiently by a single laser irradiation, and the volume of the coal raw material 13 can be measured more efficiently.

  Moreover, if it can convert into the laser of wavelength 120nm -180nm with the wavelength converter 60, the pyrite 11 in the coal raw material 13 can be confirmed by the same operation.

Thus, according to the 4th foreign material removal apparatus which concerns on a present Example, the reflected light which irradiated the pulsed laser toward the coal raw material 13 and was reflected with the streak camera 52 is measured, and it is shorter than before. Therefore, the specific gravity of the coal raw material 13 can be determined in a shorter time than before from the previously measured weight of the coal raw material 13. Thereby, the content rate of the pyrite 11 in the coal raw material 13 can also be judged.

The fifth foreign matter removing apparatus according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention is explained with reference to FIG. 12.
FIG. 12 is a conceptual diagram schematically showing the configuration of the second determination means of the fifth foreign matter removing apparatus according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
The fifth foreign matter removing apparatus according to the present embodiment has the same configuration except for the second judging means 16A of the first foreign matter removing apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. Only the configuration will be described, and description of configurations other than the second determination unit will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 12 , the fifth foreign matter removing apparatus according to the present embodiment replaces the foreign matter volume in place of the second determination means 16A of the first foreign matter removing apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. A measuring device is used. The foreign matter volume measuring device 16E includes a CW laser oscillator 61 that irradiates a coal raw material 13 with a CW laser, a quartz 63 that is provided between the CW laser oscillator 61 and the coal raw material 13, and is connected to a high-frequency power source 62, The waveform of the CW laser irradiated on the coal raw material 13 is composed of a high-speed response photoreceiver (photodetector) 64 that detects the phase difference of the train pulse.

The CW laser oscillated from the CW laser oscillator 61 is irradiated to the coal raw material 13 when no voltage is applied by the high frequency power source 62. Further, when a voltage is applied by the high frequency power source 62, the CW laser is refracted and is not irradiated to the coal raw material 13. As a result, a rectangular wave (referred to as a train pulse) as shown in FIG. 13 is formed. The generated train pulse is applied to the coal. The train pulse is reflected, reflected by the half mirror 65, and detected by the fast response photo receiver 64. By measuring the time difference (phase difference) between the train pulse detected by the high-speed response photoreceiver 64 and the reference train pulse, the shape of the unevenness of the coal raw material 13 can be measured.

  By repeating this series of operations one after another, the arrival time of the train pulse at each location of the coal raw material 13 can be measured, and the unevenness shape of the surface of the coal raw material 13 can be measured.

The weight of the coal raw material 13 is measured in advance, and the specific gravity of the coal raw material 13 is obtained from the obtained volume of the coal raw material 13 according to the following formula, as described above.
Specific gravity of coal raw material = weight of coal raw material / volume of coal raw material (4)

  Pulse lasers with high time resolution are generally expensive and often have problems with durability. On the other hand, when a train pulse is used, a CW laser with a stable output is used, so that a pulse with a short time width can be easily obtained. Further, it is possible to measure the phase difference between the train pulse detected by the fast response photoreceiver 64 and the reference train pulse. Therefore, even when the pulse time width is increased, a shorter time difference can be discussed by measuring the phase difference, so that it is possible to measure an uneven shape with good spatial resolution.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, the train raw material 13 is irradiated with the high-speed response photoreceiver 64 every predetermined time and reflected train pulses are detected. However, the photodetector is limited to the high-speed response photoreceiver 64. For example, any apparatus capable of detecting the train pulse reflected and reflected on the coal raw material 13 at predetermined intervals of 10 ps, for example, may be used.

  In this embodiment, the weight of the coal raw material 13 is measured in advance before the volume of the coal raw material 13 is obtained, but the weight of the coal raw material 13 is measured at the same time as the volume of the coal raw material 13 is obtained by the stand 66. Alternatively, the weight of the coal raw material 13 may be measured after obtaining the volume of the coal raw material 13.

Thus, according to the fifth foreign matter removing apparatus according to the present embodiment, the train pulse reflected by irradiating the train pulse toward the coal raw material 13 is measured by the high-speed response photoreceiver 64, so that it is more than conventional. Furthermore, the uneven | corrugated shape of the surface of the coal raw material 13 can be measured with sufficient spatial resolution. Since the volume of the coal raw material 13 can be determined with higher accuracy than before, the specific gravity of the coal raw material 13 can be accurately calculated from the weight of the coal raw material 13 measured in advance. From this, the content ratio of pyrite 11 in the coal raw material 13 can be calculated with higher accuracy.

Next, an embodiment of a coal burning system for processing coal with foreign matter removing apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 14.
FIG. 14: is a conceptual diagram which shows simply the structure of the coal combustion system which concerns on Example 6 by this invention.
Since the configuration of the foreign matter removing apparatus is the same as that of the foreign matter removing apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, description thereof is omitted here.
As shown in FIG. 14 , a coal combustion system 70 according to the present embodiment includes a conveyor 72 that conveys a coal raw material (raw coal) 13 carried out from an indoor coal storage 71, and a coal raw material ( (Foreign coal) 13 is a foreign matter removing device 10 for separating and recovering the pyrite 11 and the coal-based raw material A; a coarse pulverizer 73 for roughly pulverizing the coal-based raw material A conveyed from the foreign matter removing device 10; A coal bunker 74 that stores the main raw material A, a supply means 75 that conveys the stored coal 12, a pulverizer 76 that further pulverizes the conveyed coal 12, and an oil 78 that is supplied from an oil tank 77. A boiler 82 having a burner 81 to be combusted using air 80 preheated by an air preheater 79, and an exhaust gas 83 discharged from the boiler 82 are used as a heat source for generating steam. The steam 84 is used to drive the generator 84, and the water 85 condensed by the generator 84 is recovered again by the condenser 86, and the steam turbine 87 to be circulated and the exhaust gas 83 discharged from the boiler 82 are denitrated. a denitrification device 88, heat exchanged with boiler 82, a dust collector 89 for removing dust in the exhaust gas 83 discharged, thereby desulfurizing reaction SO _X in the exhaust gas 83 into dilute sulfuric acid (H ₂ SO ₄₎ A flue gas desulfurization apparatus 90 that collects SO ₃ mist and a chimney 92 that discharges the purified gas 91 desulfurized by the flue gas desulfurization apparatus 90 to the outside.

The raw coal 13 stored in the indoor coal storage 71 is carried to the foreign matter removing apparatus 10 by the conveyor 72. The raw coal 13 includes pyrite 11 in addition to coal, and refers to coal containing the pyrite 11. The carried raw coal 13 is discriminated as the pyrite 11 in the raw coal 13 and the coal-based raw material A in the foreign matter removing apparatus 10, and the pyrite 11 is removed and discarded. The coal-based raw material A refers to coal having a pyrite 11 content of less than 25%, and the coal-based raw material A includes only coal not containing the pyrite 11. As the foreign matter removing apparatus 10, in addition to the foreign matter removing apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention, any one of the foreign substance removing apparatuses according to the second to fifth embodiments is used.

  The pyrite 11 and the coal 12 separated and collected are fed to a coarse pulverizer 73 such as a mill, and are roughly pulverized to about 3 to 10 mm, for example. The coal-based raw material A coarsely pulverized by the coarse pulverizer 73 is fed to the coal bunker 74. Further, in the present embodiment, the foreign matter removing apparatus 10 discriminates the raw coal 13 carried out from the indoor coal storage 71, but the foreign matter removing apparatus 10 is disposed after the coarse pulverizer 73, and the coarse pulverizer 73 is provided. Then, after coarsely pulverizing the raw coal 13, the pyrite 11 and the coal 12 may be separated.

  And the coal main raw material A stored in the coal bunker 74 is conveyed to the pulverizer 76 by the supply means 75, and the conveyed coal main raw material A is pulverized into pulverized coal having a diameter of about 75 μm, for example. Further, as the supply means 75, for example, a screw feeder may be used to continuously supply to the pulverizer 76. The air 80 supplied from the outside is supplied to the air preheater 79 by the pushing fan 93 and preheated.

  The crushed pulverized coal, the oil 78 supplied from the oil tank 77, and the air 80 preheated by the air preheater 79 are supplied to the burner 81, for example, steam for driving the steam turbine 87 of the thermal power generation facility. Therefore, fuel such as coal-based raw material A and oil 78 is burned in the boiler 82.

  Exhaust gas 83 generated by combustion in the boiler 82 is discharged and sent to the flue gas denitration device 88. At this time, the exhaust gas 83 exchanges heat with the water 85 discharged from the condenser 86 and is used as a heat source for generating steam, and the generated steam drives the generator 84 of the steam turbine 87. The water 85 condensed by the condenser 86 is returned to the boiler 82 by the water supply pump 94 and circulated. Moreover, you may make it supply the water 85 separately to the boiler 82 as needed. Further, coal ash (clinker) 95 accumulated in the boiler 82 is extracted from the bottom of the boiler 82.

  The exhaust gas 83 discharged from the boiler 82 and guided to the flue gas denitration device 88 is denitrated in the flue gas denitration device 88, exchanges heat with the air 80 by the air preheater 79, and then is sent to the dust collector 89. Then, the dust in the exhaust gas 83 is removed. The dust collector 89 employs an electric type, but is not particularly limited as long as it removes the dust in the exhaust gas 83. Also, coal ash (fly ash) 96 generated in the dust collector 89 is extracted from the bottom of the dust collector 89.

The exhaust gas 83 removed by the dust collector 89 is supplied into the exhaust gas desulfurizer 90 by the induction fan 97. The exhaust gas 83 Sulfur oxides (SO _X) are contained, the flue gas desulfurization apparatus 90, lime water 98 supplied from above the flue gas desulfurization apparatus 90 as a predetermined amount of the desulfurizing agent, the SO _X in the exhaust gas 83 A desulfurization reaction to dilute sulfuric acid (H ₂ SO ₄ ) and SO ₃ mist can be collected to efficiently perform desulfurization in the exhaust gas 83.

  Moreover, you may make it provide the humidification cooling apparatus which is not shown in figure which cools the waste gas 83 and increases humidity before supplying to the flue gas desulfurization apparatus 90. FIG.

Further, the flue gas desulfurization apparatus 90 stores a dilute sulfuric acid (H ₂ SO ₄ ) and supplies a lime slurry to precipitate gypsum, and a settling tank (thickener) that precipitates gypsum. In addition, a dehydrator for removing water from the gypsum slurry as drainage (filtrate) to obtain gypsum 99 is provided. In this embodiment, a lime slurry is supplied to dilute sulfuric acid (H ₂ SO ₄ ) obtained by the flue gas desulfurization apparatus 90 to obtain a gypsum slurry, which is then dehydrated and used as gypsum 99. Further, dilute sulfuric acid (H ₂ SO ₄ ) obtained by desulfurization may be used as it is as sulfuric acid (H ₂ SO ₄ ). In that case, a concentration tank for concentrating dilute sulfuric acid (H ₂ SO ₄ ) is provided.

  In addition, a mist eliminator may be interposed in the line for discharging the purified purified gas 91 discharged from the flue gas desulfurization device 90, if necessary, so that moisture in the gas is separated.

  The purified gas 91 desulfurized by the flue gas desulfurization device 90 is discharged from the chimney 92 to the outside. In addition, a detection means (not shown) is provided at the exit portion of the chimney 92, which is a discharge port for finally discharging to the atmosphere, in order to detect dioxins and precursor concentrations. The detection end of the detection means is configured to obtain a gas sample at a necessary location and to perform sampling at any time with a suction means (not shown). This sample gas is controlled by an analyzer (not shown) included in the detection means, in which substances in the gas are identified, quantified, and controlled. As an analyzer for dioxins or precursors, for example, a gas chromatograph, vacuum ultraviolet light (VUV), laser, or the like can be used.

  Thus, according to the coal combustion system 70 according to the present embodiment, by adopting the foreign matter removing device 10, the pyrite 11 and the coal-based raw material A are separated, and the pyrite 11 in the coal raw material 13 is removed. The coal-based raw material A can be recovered. Thereby, when the coal-based raw material A is pulverized by a coarse pulverizer 73 such as a mill, it is possible to reduce the mill trouble caused by the pyrite 11 and prevent the coarse pulverizer 73 from stopping. In addition, it is possible to suppress wasteful disposal of coal accompanying the disposal of magnetic foreign matters such as pyrite 11, and it is possible to prevent the combustion ratio from being lowered when used as coal fuel. Moreover, since the analysis of the content of pyrite 11 in the coal raw material 13 can be performed in a shorter time than before, the efficiency of the coal combustion system can be improved.

  As described above, the foreign matter removing apparatus and the foreign matter removing method in coal according to the present invention can separate a coal raw material and a magnetic foreign matter from a magnetic foreign matter content of the coal raw material containing the magnetic foreign matter. It is suitable for use in a foreign matter removing apparatus for coal containing foreign matter.

It is a schematic diagram which shows simply the structure of the foreign material removal apparatus which concerns on Example 1 by this invention. It is a figure which shows simply the structure of the 1st determination means of the foreign material removal apparatus which concerns on Example 1 by this invention. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the light energy of a pyrite, and a reflection spectrum . It is a figure which shows the state of the image which imaged the coal raw material detected with the detector. It is a figure which shows the state of the image which imaged the coal raw material detected with the detector. In the 1st determination means of the foreign material removal apparatus which concerns on Example 2 by this invention, it is a figure which shows the state of the image of a coal raw material when light is detected with the detector. In the 1st determination means of the foreign material removal apparatus which concerns on Example 2 by this invention, it is a figure which shows the state of the image of a coal raw material when light is detected with the detector. It is a conceptual diagram which shows simply the structure of the 1st determination means of the 3rd foreign material removal apparatus which concerns on Example 3 by this invention. It is a conceptual diagram which shows simply the structure of the 2nd determination means of the 4th foreign material removal apparatus which concerns on Example 4 by this invention. It is a figure which shows simply the other structure of the 2nd determination means of the 4th foreign material removal apparatus which concerns on Example 4. FIG. It is a figure which shows simply the other structure of the 2nd determination means of the 4th foreign material removal apparatus which concerns on Example 4. FIG. It is a conceptual diagram which shows simply the structure of the 2nd determination means of the 5th foreign material removal apparatus which concerns on Example 5 by this invention. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the time and voltage of a CW laser at the time of alternating replacement of a voltage application. It is a conceptual diagram which shows simply the structure of the coal combustion system which concerns on Example 6 by this invention. It is a figure which shows the removal process of the conventional pyrite simply.

10 First foreign matter removing device 11 Pyrite (magnetic foreign matter)
12 Coal 13 Coal raw material 14 Sorting means 15A, 15C Foreign matter content determination device (first determination means)
15B Capacitance determination device (first determination means)
16A to 16E Second determination means 21 Optical oscillator 22, 43 Detector 23, 54, 54-1 to 54-6, 65 Half mirror 31 Coal raw material determination container 32 Conveyor 33 Parallel plate condenser 34 Power supply 35 Capacitance meter 41 Coal raw material container 42 Terahertz optical oscillator 44, 55, 66 units 51 Pulse laser oscillator 52, 52-1, 52-2 Streak camera (photodetector)
53 Optical collimator 56 Condensing lens 57, 57-1, 57-2 Image analysis device 58-1 to 58-3 Reflection mirror 59-1, 59-2 First route, second route 60 Wavelength converter 61 CW laser oscillator 62 High-frequency power supply 63 Quartz 64 High-speed response photo receiver (photodetector)
70 Coal Combustion System 71 Indoor Coal Storage 72 Conveyor 73 Coarse Crusher 74 Coal Bunker 75 Supply Means 76 Fine Pulverizer 77 Oil Tank 78 Oil 79 Air Preheater 80 Air 81 Burner 82 Boiler 83 Exhaust Gas 84 Generator 85 Water 86 Condenser 87 Steam turbine 88 Flue gas denitration device 89 Dust collector 90 Flue gas desulfurization device 91 Purified gas 92 Chimney 93 Pushing fan 94 Water supply pump 95 Coal ash (clinker)
96 Coal ash (fly ash)
97 Induction fan 98 Lime water 99 Gypsum A Coal-based raw material B Pyrite-containing coal raw material b1 First pyrite-containing coal b2 Second pyrite-containing coal

Claims (17)

Supplying a coal raw material composed of magnetic foreign matter and coal, roughly sorting the magnetic foreign matter in the coal raw material, and removing the magnetic foreign matter;
The magnetic foreign material content in the coarsely selected coal raw material is determined, the coal main raw material having a magnetic foreign material content of less than 25%, the magnetic foreign material content of 25% or more and less than 100% of the magnetic foreign material containing coal raw material, First determination means for separating the magnetic foreign matter;
The magnetic foreign substance content in the magnetic foreign substance containing coal raw material is determined, the first magnetic foreign substance containing coal having a magnetic foreign substance content of 25% or more and less than 50%, and the magnetic foreign substance content of 50% or more and less than 100%. Second determination means for separating the second magnetic foreign matter-containing coal;
A foreign matter removing apparatus comprising: In claim 1,
The first determination means is
An optical oscillator that alternately irradiates the coal raw material with a first light having a wavelength of 120 nm or more and 180 nm or less, and a second light having a wavelength of 1150 nm or more and 1350 nm or less;
A foreign matter removal apparatus comprising: a foreign matter content determination device having a detector that detects reflected light mainly reflecting the coal with the coal raw material in the irradiated light. In claim 1,
The first determination means is
An optical oscillator that alternately irradiates the coal raw material with third light having a wavelength of 200 nm or more and 300 nm or less, and second light having a wavelength of 1150 nm or more and 1350 nm or less;
A foreign matter removal apparatus having a foreign matter content determination device having a detector for detecting reflected light mainly reflecting the magnetic foreign matter with the coal raw material in the irradiated light. In claim 1,
The first determination means is
A coal raw material determination container for containing the coal raw material for determination;
A conveyor for conveying the coal raw material determination container;
A foreign matter removing apparatus comprising a capacitance determining apparatus having a pair of parallel plate capacitors provided on both sides of the conveyor. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 4 ,
The foreign matter removing apparatus, wherein the second determination means obtains the specific gravity of the coal raw material from the weight and volume of the coal raw material. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 4 ,
The second determination means is
A pulsed laser oscillator for irradiating the coal raw material with a pulsed laser; and
It comprises a photodetector that detects the reflected light of the pulse laser irradiated to the coal raw material,
A foreign matter removing apparatus, wherein the shape of the coal raw material is specified from the detected reflected light, the volume of the coal raw material is obtained, and the specific gravity of the coal raw material is obtained from the weight of the coal raw material measured in advance. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 4 ,
The second determination means is
A CW laser oscillator that irradiates the coal raw material with a CW laser; and
Quartz provided between the CW laser oscillator and the coal raw material and connected to a high frequency power source;
A detector for detecting reflected light of the CW laser irradiated on the coal raw material;
A foreign matter removing apparatus, wherein the shape of the coal raw material is specified from the detected reflected light, the volume of the coal raw material is obtained, and the specific gravity of the coal raw material is obtained from the weight of the coal raw material measured in advance. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 7 ,
The foreign matter removing apparatus, wherein the magnetic foreign matter is at least one of pyrite, iron, and magnetite. It conveys the coal raw material comprising a magnetic foreign object and coal, the magnetic foreign object and the magnetic foreign matter content fractionating and coal main raw material of less than 25%, any one of claims 1 to 8 for removing the magnetic foreign object one Two foreign substance removal devices,
A coarse pulverizer for coarsely pulverizing the coal conveyed from the foreign matter removing device;
A fine pulverizer for further finely pulverizing the coarsely pulverized coal;
A boiler having a burner that burns using supplied air and combustion exhaust gas discharged from the pulverizer;
A steam turbine that uses exhaust gas discharged from the boiler as a heat source for generating steam, drives a generator using the generated steam, collects water condensed by the generator again, and circulates it with a condenser. When,
A dust collector for removing dust in the exhaust gas discharged from the boiler;
A flue gas desulfurization device for desulfurizing SO _x in the exhaust gas to dilute sulfuric acid and collecting SO ₃ mist;
A coal combustion system comprising a chimney for discharging exhaust gas desulfurized by the flue gas desulfurization apparatus. A foreign matter removal method in coal for separating the magnetic foreign matter and the coal from a coal raw material containing magnetic foreign matter,
A sorting step of supplying the coal raw material, and roughly sorting the magnetic foreign matter in the coal raw material to separate the magnetic foreign matter;
The magnetic foreign material content in the coarsely selected coal raw material is determined, the coal main raw material having a magnetic foreign material content of less than 25%, the magnetic foreign material content of 25% or more and less than 100% of the magnetic foreign material containing coal raw material, A first determination step for separating the magnetic foreign matter;
The magnetic foreign substance content in the magnetic foreign substance containing coal raw material is determined, the first magnetic foreign substance containing coal having a magnetic foreign substance content of 25% or more and less than 50%, and the magnetic foreign substance content of 50% or more and less than 100%. A second determination step of separating into the second magnetic foreign matter-containing coal,
A method for removing foreign matter in coal, comprising: In claim 10 ,
In the first determination step, the coal raw material is alternately irradiated with the first light having a wavelength of 120 nm or more and 180 nm or less, and the second light having a wavelength of 1000 nm or more and 1350 nm or less. The reflected light of light having a wavelength of 120 nm or more and 180 nm or less and the reflected light of wavelengths of 1000 nm or more and 1350 nm or less are detected mainly by reflecting the coal with the coal raw material, and the magnetic foreign matter in the coal raw material is detected. A method for removing foreign matter in coal, comprising determining a content ratio. In claim 10 ,
In the first determination step, the coal raw material is alternately irradiated with the first light having a wavelength of 200 nm or more and 300 nm or less, and the second light having a wavelength of 1000 nm or more and 1350 nm or less. Detecting the reflected light of the first light having a wavelength of 200 nm to 300 nm and the reflected light of the second light having a wavelength of 1000 nm to 1350 nm reflected from the magnetic foreign material, and the magnetic foreign material in the coal raw material The foreign matter removal method in coal characterized by determining the content rate of coal. In claim 10 ,
In the first determination step, a coal raw material determination container for storing the coal raw material for determination is conveyed by a conveyor, and the capacitance of the coal raw material is measured by a pair of parallel plate capacitors provided on both sides of the conveyor. And
A foreign matter removal method in coal, comprising determining a content ratio of the magnetic foreign matter in the coal raw material from a change in capacitance of the coal raw material. In any one of claims 10 to 13 ,
The said 2nd determination process calculates | requires the specific gravity of the said coal raw material from the weight and volume of the said coal raw material, The foreign material removal method in coal characterized by the above-mentioned. In any one of claims 10 to 13 ,
The second determination step irradiates the coal raw material with a pulse laser, detects reflected light of the pulse laser irradiated on the coal raw material with a streak camera, and determines the shape of the coal raw material from the detected measurement value. A method for removing foreign matter in coal, characterized in that the volume of the coal raw material is determined, and the specific gravity of the coal raw material is determined from the weight of the coal raw material measured in advance. In any one of claims 10 to 13 ,
In the second determination step, a CW laser is irradiated toward the coal raw material, a high frequency voltage is applied to the CW laser every predetermined time to change the orbit of the CW laser, and the waveform of the CW laser is used as a train pulse. The waveform reflected by the coal raw material is detected by a high-speed response photoreceiver with the train pulse CW laser reflected light, the shape of the coal raw material is specified from the detected measurement value, and the volume of the coal raw material is obtained and measured in advance. A method for removing foreign matter in coal, wherein the specific gravity of the coal raw material is determined from the weight of the coal raw material. In any one of Claims 10 thru | or 16 ,
The method for removing foreign matter in coal, wherein the magnetic foreign matter is at least one of pyrite, iron, and magnetite.

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