JP5336243B2 - Heat resistant fabric and heat resistant protective clothing - Google Patents

Description

  More particularly, the present invention relates to a heat-resistant protective clothing that effectively forms a heat-blocking air layer.

  Incombustible asbestos fiber, glass fiber, etc. were conventionally used as the fiber that constitutes heat-resistant protective clothing worn by firefighters during fire fighting work, but in recent years from the viewpoint of environmental problems and ease of movement, Heat-resistant and flame-retardant organic fibers such as aramid fiber, polyphenylene sulfide, polyimide, polybenzimidazole are mainly used. Furthermore, many surface-treated layers are used as a surface layer by coating or vapor deposition of metallic aluminum or the like for the purpose of preventing radiant heat on the fabric. By these methods, the heat shielding property against radiant heat was considerably improved.

  However, in recent years, an evaluation method focusing on radiant heat and conduction heat has been established and has become an important index in the development of fire fighting clothes. (Test method number: ISO17492). In order to clear the standard by this evaluation method, it is useful to create a large amount of air layer in the protective clothing in order to delay the heat conduction which is a main factor.

  Until now, many studies have been made to improve the heat shielding performance by forming an air layer in the surface layer and the heat shielding layer. As shown in International Publication WO2005 / 099426 (Special Table 2007-530819), there has been proposed a fabric that forms irregularities on the surface layer when exposed to flame, but the air blocking effect is improved to some extent, but the effect is still not The current situation is not enough. Further, using a fabric such as that shown in Japanese Patent No. 3768395 as a heat-shielding layer can provide a heat-resistant protective clothing having a high thermal protection, a lightweight and flexible, but the present invention is more lightweight and has a shielding property. A heat-resistant fabric and a heat-resistant protective clothing with high thermal performance can be provided.

Japanese Patent No. 3768395 International Publication WO2005 / 099426

  The object of the present invention is to solve the problems as in the previous period, effectively form an air layer without significantly increasing the weight, improve the heat shielding property, and further, flexible heat resistant without impairing the air permeability Providing a heat-resistant protective clothing.

  As a result of repeated studies to solve the above problems, a heat-resistant fabric that is lightweight and has a sufficient air layer can be provided, and in the heat-resistant protective clothing composed of a surface layer, an intermediate layer, and a thermal barrier layer, It has been clarified that a sufficient amount of air layer can be secured by using the fabric for the heat shielding layer, and a desired heat-resistant protective clothing can be obtained.

In the heat resistant fabric of the present invention, the fabric structure is a honeycomb structure, the thickness is 2.0 mm or more, the basis weight is 160 g / m ² or less, and the yarn constituting the fabric has a cotton count of 20 to 60, It is a spun yarn having a twist number of 600 to 1600 T / m , and has an air permeability of 30 to 200 cm ³ / cm ² · s when measured according to JIS L 1096 (Method A Frazier method) of the fabric. By using a heat resistant fabric, an air layer can be efficiently secured and used for the heat shielding layer of a heat resistant protective clothing composed of a composite fabric with a three-layer structure consisting of a surface layer, an intermediate layer, and a heat shielding layer. Delays conduction and exhibits excellent heat insulation. In addition, the surface layer is composed of meta-aramid fibers and para-aramid fibers, thereby providing sufficient strength as the surface layer, and excellent performance in flame resistance and thermal protection, Moreover, since the intermediate layer has a moisture-permeable waterproof layer, it is possible to prevent water from entering from the outside and to evaporate sweat.

The present invention will be described in detail below.
Since the heat resistant fabric of the present invention is lightweight, excellent in air permeability, flexible, and can secure a sufficient amount of air layer, it is effective to use it as a heat shielding layer for heat resistant protective clothing.

  The fabric for heat-resistant protective clothing of the present invention has a structure in which three layers of a surface layer, an intermediate layer, and a heat shielding layer are superposed in this order, and these layers are all heat-resistant fiber fabrics mainly composed of aramid fibers. It is composed of As the aramid fiber here, it is useful to use polymetaphenylene isophthalamide having an excellent LOI value. However, for the purpose of improving fabric strength, a para-aramid fiber, that is, polyparaphenylene terephthalamide, or It is more preferable to mix a fiber obtained by copolymerizing the third component. An example of a polyparaphenylene terephthalamide copolymer is copolyparaphenylene 3,4'oxydiphenylene terephthalamide.

  As heat-resistant fibers that can be used in combination with para-type aramid fibers and meta-type aramid fibers, polybenzimidazole fibers, polyimide fibers, polyamideimide fibers, polyetherimide fibers, polyarylate fibers, polyparaphenylenebenzobisoxazole fibers, and novoloid fibers Flame retardant acrylic fiber, polyclar fiber, flame retardant polyester fiber, flame retardant cotton fiber, flame retardant rayon fiber, flame retardant vinylon fiber, flame retardant wool fiber.

  First, the surface layer will be described. The surface layer is composed of a fabric composed of meta-aramid fibers and para-aramid fibers, and woven or knitted fabrics and non-woven fabrics are used as the types of fabrics. preferable.

  The meta-aramid fibers and para-aramid fibers can be used in the form of filaments, blended yarns, spun yarns, etc., but those that are blended and used in the form of spun yarns are preferred. The mixing ratio of the para-aramid fibers is preferably 1 to 70% by weight with respect to the total weight of the fibers constituting the surface layer. If the mixing ratio of the para-aramid fibers is less than 1% by weight, the fabric may be broken, that is, pierced when exposed to a flame. If the mixing ratio exceeds 70% by weight, the para-aramid fibers It is not preferable because it is fibrillated and wear resistance is lowered.

  The surface layer is processed by applying a fluorine-based water-repellent resin by a processing method such as a coating method, a spray method, or a dipping method, so that it has higher water resistance and chemical resistance. It is preferable to get clothes.

  In addition, the surface layer is preferably exemplified by those on which an inorganic compound is supported in order to improve heat resistance and heat shielding properties. Preferred examples of the inorganic compound include oxides of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of silicon, aluminum, zinc, zirconium, iron, antimony, and magnesium, or composite oxides. Of these, those having a large number of hydroxyl groups on the surface and a large proportion of water of crystallization per compound, such as aluminum oxide, are particularly preferred.

  The supported amount of the inorganic compound is preferably 3 to 20% by weight per weight of the surface layer. If the loading is less than 3% by weight, the effect of heat shielding is small, and if it exceeds 20%, the texture may be impaired.

  As a method for supporting the inorganic compound on the surface layer, various known processing methods such as a coating method and a dipping method can be used. Moreover, as a binder used in the carrying | support process, it is most preferable to use the melt | dissolution to the organic chemical | medical agent of a meta-aramid polymer in order to ensure a flame retardance. As the organic solvent, N-methylpyrrolidone, dimethylacetamide and the like are preferably used. It is also possible to use a flame retardant resin typified by an acrylic resin, a urethane resin or the like in which halogen atoms such as bromine and fluorine are copolymerized. Furthermore, when non-flame retardant type resins are used, halogenated cycloalkane compounds represented by hexabromocyclohexane, tetrabromocyclooctane, hexabromocyclodotecan, trichloroethyl phosphate, trisdichloropropyl phosphate, etc. To ensure flame retardancy by using a halogen-containing phosphate ester typified by 1 or a non-halogenated phosphate ester typified by trimethyl phosphate or tricresyl phosphate. Can do.

  In addition, a meta-aramid fiber and a para-aramid fiber, or a meta-aramid fiber and a para-aramid fiber are used for the intermediate layer, and a moisture-permeable waterproof layer film of polytetrafluoroethylene is laminated on the woven fabric. By using this, excellent water resistance and chemical properties can be imparted.

  The thermal barrier layer of the present invention has a fabric thickness of 2.0 mm or more, preferably 2.0 mm to 4.0 mm. When the thickness of the fabric is less than 2.0 mm, a sufficient heat shielding effect cannot be obtained. On the other hand, when the thickness is greater than 4.0 mm, there is a problem in operability during wearing, and the weight increases, which is not preferable.

  The fabric is preferably cotton count 20-60. Preferably it is 40-50. When the count is smaller than 20, the fabric is hard and does not feel good to wear. On the other hand, if it is larger than 60, the yarn becomes thin and the productivity is poor.

  The twist number is preferably 600 to 1600 T / m. Preferably it is 1200-1500 T / m. More preferably, it is 1300-1400 T / m. When it is less than 600 T / m, the strength is not sufficient, and when the number of twists is greater than 1600, there is a possibility that chatter or the like occurs.

The fabric weight is preferably 160 g / m ² or less. Preferably from ^{140g / m 2 ~160g / m 2} . When it is less than 140 g / m ^{2, a} sufficient amount of air cannot be obtained, and the heat shielding performance is not sufficient. When the basis weight is larger than 160 g / m ^{2, the} heat shielding performance is improved.

The breathability of the fabric is preferably 30-200 cm ³ / cm ² · s. If it is less than 30, the user feels uncomfortable when dressed, and if it is greater than 200, the clothing feel is good but sufficient heat shielding performance may not be obtained.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. In addition, the measurement of the evaluation item used for the Example was performed with the following method.
(1) Thermal insulation Based on ISO17492, as shown in the following formula, the temperature rise curve of the copper sensor from the start of exposure from the combined heat source of convection heat and radiant heat and the Stoll curve which is the second degree burn curve are reached. The value obtained by multiplying the time (s) by the heat flux 80 kW / m ² of the composite heat source is shown as TTI.
TTI = time to reach burn twice (s) × 80 kW / m ²
(2) Thickness A test was conducted based on the thickness measurement of the fabric of JIS L 1018.
(3) Breathability JIS L 1096 Method A A test was conducted based on the Frazier method.

[Example 1]
For the outer layer, polymetaphenylene isophthalamide fiber (Teijin Techno Products, trade name: Conex) and coparaphenylene 3, 4 'oxydiphenylene terephthalamide fiber (Teijin Techno Products, trade name: Technora) ) And a fabric (weight per unit: 240 g / m ² ) woven into a 2/1 twill using a spun yarn (count: 40/2) made of heat-resistant fibers mixed at a mixing ratio of 90:10 It was.

In the intermediate layer, polymetaphenylene isophthalamide fiber (manufactured by Teijin Techno Products, trade name: Cornex) and coparaphenylene 3, 4 'oxydiphenylene terephthalamide fiber (manufactured by Teijin Techno Products Co., Ltd., trade name: Technora) ) And a spun yarn (count: 40 /-) made of heat-resistant fibers mixed at a mixing ratio of 95: 5. A woven fabric (weight per unit area: 80 g / m ² ) laminated with a polytetrafluoroethylene moisture permeable waterproof film (Japan Gore-Tex) was used.

For the heat-shielding layer, polymetaphenylene isophthalamide fiber (manufactured by Teijin Techno Products, trade name: Cornex) and coparaphenylene 3, 4 'oxydiphenylene terephthalamide fiber (manufactured by Teijin Techno Products Company, trade name: Weaving a spun yarn (count: 40 /-) made of heat-resistant fiber mixed with technola at a mixing ratio of 95: 5 in a honeycomb structure, and after scouring, the expansion is relaxed at 100 ° C for 30 minutes The basis weight was 150 g / m ² . The density was 94.5 pieces / inch.
A fabric in which three layers of these surface layer, intermediate layer, and heat shielding layer were laminated was prepared. The heat shielding property of the fabric was evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1.

[Comparative Example 1]
In Example 1, it implemented similarly to Example 1 except having changed the twist number of the heat-shielding layer. The results are shown in Table 1. Since the number of twists was reduced, the thickness was reduced, and a sufficient air layer was not ensured, so that the heat shielding performance was not sufficient.

[Comparative Example 2]
In Example 1, it implemented similarly to Example 1 except having changed the twist number of the heat-shielding layer. The results are shown in Table 1. Although the heat insulation performance was high, wrinkles occurred on the bills and the fabric, and the appearance was not good.

[Example 2]
In Example 1, it carried out like Example 1 except having woven the thermal barrier layer spinning yarn count using 20 /-. The results are shown in Table 1.

[Comparative Example 3]
In Example 2, it implemented like Example 2 except having changed the number of twists. The results are shown in Table 1. If the thickness is small, a sufficient air layer cannot be secured, so that the heat shielding performance is not sufficient.
In order to improve the heat shielding performance, there are means such as increasing the density and changing the basic structure of the honeycomb structure.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the heat resistant cloth and heat resistant protective clothing which can improve heat-insulating property, without increasing a weight can be provided.

Claims (4)

The structure of the fabric is a honeycomb structure, the thickness is 2.0 mm or more, the basis weight is 160 g / m ² or less, the yarns constituting the fabric are 20 to 60 cotton counts, and the number of twists is 600 to 1600 T. / a and a spinning yarn m, when measured by JIS L 1096 of the fabric (a method Frazier method), heat resistant fabric breathability is 30~200cm ³ / ^cm 2 · s. The heat resistant fabric according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the fabric is 2.0 to 4.0 mm. The heat resistant fabric according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the number of twists of the spun yarn is 1200 to 1600 m / T. A heat-resistant protective clothing having a composite structure, wherein the total surface weight is 520 g / m ² or less, and the surface layer, the intermediate layer, and the heat shielding layer satisfy the following requirements (a) to (c) at the same time.
(A) A fabric in which the surface layer is composed of meta-aramid fibers and para-aramid fibers.
(B) A cloth in which the intermediate layer is composed of an aromatic aramid fiber cloth and a moisture permeable waterproof layer.
(C) The heat resistant fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the heat shielding layer.