JP5331976B2 - Method for producing compost using industrial waste tree and method for producing greening base material - Google Patents

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for producing compost using an industrial waste tree and a method for producing a greening base material.

  Recently, environmental conservation by effectively utilizing limited resources has been demanded.

  By the way, a large amount of industrial waste trees such as felled trees and felled root trees still occur at dam construction, large residential land construction, highway construction and other civil engineering and construction work sites. For this reason, improvement of the effects of industrial waste trees on the natural environment and measures for their disposal are important issues.

  Therefore, efforts have been made to implement a recycling-type greening method that restores greenery and restores nature.

  On the other hand, the greening base material mixed with fermented bacteria mixed with wood chips and fermented with bark compost is used for road slopes, riverbeds, embankments, slopes on hillsides, athletic fields, golf courses, airfields, etc. There is a known seed spraying method that sprays onto a vast flat area. However, it takes time to ferment the bark compost used in the seed spraying method. Moreover, there is a problem that the cost increases when commercially available bark compost is applied to the greening base material.

Problems to be solved by the invention

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and the problem to be solved is to reduce the cost of greening base materials and further preserve the natural environment by lowering the production cost of compost using industrial waste trees. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing compost using an industrial waste tree and a method for producing a greening base material.

Means for solving the problem

  The present invention is a method for producing compost using industrial waste trees, and composting is carried out after further comminution after adding compost and nutrients to a predetermined length of industrial waste trees produced by logging. It is promoted and the period until the compost is fermented and matured can be shortened.

  Therefore, since the production period of compost can be shortened, compost production can be increased and the cost of compost can be reduced.

  Moreover, 2nd invention is a manufacturing method of a greening base material, and a compost is applied to a greening base material as stated above. Therefore, the slopes of road slopes, riverbeds, embankments, hillside devastated land, or athletic fields, golf courses, airfields, etc. If the compost and the greening base material according to the present invention are produced by use, it is not necessary to purchase commercially available compost and the greening base material.

  In addition, the disposal of industrial waste trees and the costs associated therewith are not necessary, and compost and greening base materials can be procured on site, so that the purchase cost of them can be reduced. In addition, there is no need to pay for compost and greening base materials. Therefore, greening can be achieved at a lower cost than in the past.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is an overall process diagram for explaining a method for producing compost using industrial waste trees according to the present invention.

  In the figure, a civil engineering construction site I includes an industrial waste tree collecting / processing yard 1 which is an area for collecting and processing industrial waste trees as raw materials for compost.

  In the industrial waste tree collection and processing yard 1, the primary shredded wood chip 2 obtained by crushing the industrial waste tree produced by logging in other places of the civil engineering construction site I into a predetermined length of about 100 mm by a crusher is converted into a dump truck. 3 is transported to the pile area 7 and piled there, and finally the chip for compost is manufactured. The process of crushing industrial waste trees to the predetermined length is called a primary crushing step.

  The primary crushing wood chip 2 of the pile area 7 is transported to a vibrating sieve 13 by a backhoe 12 which is one of excavator excavators and sieved there, and is separated into a sieve residue chip 2A and a sieve passing chip 2A '. Is done.

  The sieve residue chip 2A is conveyed to the secondary crusher 15 by the belt conveyor 14 and crushed. It should be noted that how much the sieve residue chip 2A is crushed depends on the application place of the greening base material and the size and type of other mixed materials contained in the greening base material.

  The sieve residue chip 2A is transported to the secondary crusher 15 by the belt conveyor 14a, and the transport amount is kept constant by the quantitative feeder 17. Further, the sieve residue chip 2A is supplied with the nutrient 23 by the quantitative feeders 19 and 21 different from the quantitative feeder 17 until the sieve residual chip 2A is conveyed to the secondary crusher 15. Compost bacteria 25 are mixed. A belt conveyor for conveying the nutrients 23 and the compost 25 to the sieve residue chip 2A is indicated by reference numeral 14b. The sieve residue mixed with the nutrients 23 and the compost 25 is referred to as an additive-containing chip for convenience and indicated by reference numeral 2B.

  Here, the nutrients are for promoting composting. In addition, it functions to grow seeds (not shown) included in the greening base material sprayed on the site when the civil engineering construction site is greened, and examples of the nitrogen (N) source include chicken manure and urea.

  The process of adding nutrients 23 and compost 25 to the sieve residue chip 2A is referred to as an addition step. The process of crushing the additive-containing chip 2B by the secondary crusher 15 is referred to as a secondary crushing step.

  In addition, it is preferable that the additive-containing chips 2B include the sieve passing chips 2A 'on the conveyance path by the belt conveyor 14a. Moreover, since it is necessary to contain moderate water | moisture content for composting, moderate water is sprayed on the additive material mixing chip | tip 2B from the sprayer 28 connected to the water tank 24, and water | moisture content adjustment is performed. The This process is called a moisture adjustment step. Since the moisture is supplied through the secondary crusher 15, the chip containing the moisture is referred to as a secondary crushing wood chip 2C. Since the secondary crushed wood chip 2C is fertilized by fermentation and aging, the secondary crushed wood chip 2C can be said to be a compost chip.

  Thereafter, the secondary crushed wood chip 2C is transported by the dump truck 3A to the composting yard 26 (see FIG. 2), which is an area for composting, and is piled up there. A belt conveyor that conveys the secondary crushed wood chip 2C to the dump truck 3A is indicated by reference numeral 14c.

  And the pile of the secondary crushing wood chip 2C piled up is called field pile 27 (refer FIG. 2). The process of stacking the secondary crushed wood chips 2C whose moisture has been adjusted in the moisture adjustment step in this way is referred to as a fielding step. The composting yard 26 is also a part of the site of the civil engineering construction site I or a site in the vicinity thereof.

  As can be seen from FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, a plurality of perforated pipes 29, 29,. The perforated pipe 29 for ventilation is for improving the air permeability of the inside of the pile 27, and a plurality of ventilation holes (not shown) are formed on the surface thereof, so that the inside of the pipe and the inside of the pile are separated. The air a is circulated between them. The process of inserting a plurality of perforated pipes 29, 29,... Into the pile 27 is called a perforated pipe insertion step.

  In addition, the field stack 27 is covered with a so-called blue sheet 30 in order to perform curing to maintain the wet state of the secondary crushed wood chips 2C forming the field stack 27. The treatment for maintaining the wet state of the secondary crushed wood chips 2C stacked in this way is called a curing step.

  It is preferable to form the field stack 27 in a truncated quadrangular pyramid shape so that the blue sheet 30 is not easily displaced when the field stack 27 is covered with the blue sheet 30, but of course it is not limited to this. is there. As an example when the field stack 27 is formed in a truncated quadrangular pyramid shape, the field stack 27 having a height and a width of approximately 1.5 m and 4 m, respectively, is illustrated. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the perforated pipes 29, 29,... For ventilation are inserted so as to pass through a pair of corresponding opposing surfaces 27a, 27a in the peripheral surface of the pile 27.

  As the perforated tube 29 for ventilation, for example, a tube having a total length of 4 m or more, a diameter of 13 mm, a hole diameter of 1 mm, and a hole formation pitch of 100 mm is exemplified in this embodiment. Further, in order to adjust the air permeability to the pile 27 through the air perforated pipe 29, the air perforated pipe 29 is inserted at a position not so high from the ground, for example, about 20 cm from the ground. At this time, the perforated pipes 29, 29,... Are preferably arranged so that the distance between the adjacent perforated pipes 29 is about 1 m. Further, the perforated pipes 29, 29,... For ventilation are protruded from the blue sheet 30 so that the atmosphere flows through the perforated pipes 29, 29,.

  In the production of compost, instead of the blue sheet 30, the secondary crushed wood chips 2C forming the field stack 27 may be packed in a breathable flexible container bag to keep the wet state.

  In this case, a process of stuffing the crushed material whose moisture has been adjusted into a flexible container bag having air permeability is necessary, and this process is referred to as a step of stuffing the crushed material whose moisture has been adjusted.

  When the flexible container bag is used, the blue sheet 30 and the perforated pipes 29, 29,... Are not necessary, but it is necessary to stuff the secondary crushed wood chip 2C into the flexible container bag. Consider which one to use in consideration of the relationship between usage and budget.

  In this embodiment, the secondary crushed wood chip 2C is composted for about one month. Therefore, the secondary crushed wood chip 2C may be referred to as a composting chip 2C. The compost according to the present embodiment is indicated by reference numeral 2D.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the spraying equipment 38 which sprays the greening base material 39 manufactured using the compost 2D manufactured by the manufacturing method of the compost using the industrial waste tree which concerns on this embodiment on a slope is provided. explain.

  The greening base material 39 is a mixture of compost 2D and soil improvement material peat moss and other materials. After that, the base material, seeds, fertilizer, adhesive (urethane resin, (Epoxy resin).

  In other words, the greening base material 39 according to this embodiment includes a primary crushing step for crushing industrial waste trees generated by logging to a predetermined length, and composting fungi and nutrients to the industrial waste trees crushed in the primary crushing step. An addition step to be added, a secondary crushing step for crushing a mixture of the compost and nutrients added in this addition step with industrial waste trees crushed in the primary crushing step, and crushing in this secondary crushing step Moisture adjustment step for adjusting the moisture content of the crushed material, field loading step for fielding the crushed material whose moisture has been adjusted in this moisture adjustment step, and curing step for maintaining the wet state of the crushed material fielded in this field loading step The compost produced by the compost production method using industrial waste trees is mixed with soil, adhesives and seeds with specific components to produce a greening base material. Industrial waste wood to be able that greening base material 39 manufactured by the manufacturing method of the greening base material was used.

Next, with reference to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the spraying equipment 38 which sprays the greening base material 39 to a slope with a well-known thick layer base material spraying system is described.
In the spraying equipment 38, a plurality of belt conveyors 40 are arranged in parallel, and a greening base material 39, which is a spraying base material, is arranged in parallel therewith. A sprayer 42 connected to the compressor 44 is disposed at the tip of the belt conveyor 40.

  The spraying machine 42 sprays the greening base material 39 toward a slope (not shown).

  Reference numeral 45 denotes a power generator, and the belt conveyor 40 and the compressor 44 are driven by the power generator 45.

  FIG. 6 is a graph showing a temperature change in the field stack 27 during composting. This graph is a composting chip temperature-measurement date graph in which the vertical axis indicates the temperature of the composting chip 2C in a piled state and the horizontal axis indicates the measurement date.

  In the composting chip temperature-measurement date graph, the diamond, square, and triangle symbols indicate the temperature change of each part in the field 27 covered with the blue sheet 30, respectively. The temperature change with time in the middle and upper part is shown.

  It can be seen from this graph that the temperature change with time at the center of the field 27 is stable at around 60 ° C. Moreover, the suitable compost was manufactured by the said temperature being maintained.

  FIG. 7 is a comparison table showing the properties of the composted chip 2C almost one month after the start of compost production compared with the properties of commercially available bark compost.

  From this comparison table, it can be seen that the compost according to the present embodiment has a C / N ratio, a water content, and a hydrogen ion concentration pH indicating the ratio of carbon and nitrogen, which are almost the same quality as commercially available bark compost. Therefore, there is no problem even if the compost according to the present embodiment is sprayed as a greening base material. The compost according to this embodiment is indicated by reference numeral 2D.

  Thus, according to the present embodiment described above, a method for producing compost using industrial waste trees is shown, and composting fungi are obtained by pulverizing the industrial waste trees produced by logging in a primary crushing step for crushing to a predetermined length. And the nutrients are added and mixed in the secondary crushing step, so that composting is promoted and the period until the compost 2D is fermented and matured can be shortened.

  Therefore, since the manufacturing period of compost can be shortened, the production of compost can be increased and the manufacturing cost of compost 2D can be reduced.

  Moreover, this embodiment shows the manufacturing method of a greening base material, and the compost 2D which concerns on this embodiment is used for a greening base material as stated above. Therefore, the slopes of road slopes, riverbeds, embankments, hillside devastated land, or athletic fields, golf courses, airfields, etc. If the compost 2D and the greening base material 39 are manufactured by using them, it becomes unnecessary to purchase commercially available compost and the greening base material.

  In addition, the disposal of industrial waste trees and the costs associated therewith are no longer necessary, and the compost 2D and the greening base material 39 can be procured on-site. It becomes unnecessary. Therefore, greening can be achieved at a lower cost than in the past. As a result, the conservation of the natural environment can be further improved.

  In addition, when fielding is performed, it becomes difficult for air to reach the inside sufficiently. Therefore, in order to produce fully-ripened compost by infiltrating the air evenly into the field stack 27, it is necessary to perform a turning-up operation of digging up the secondary crushed wood chips 2C that are stacked. However, in the perforated pipe insertion step, the perforated pipes for ventilation 29, 29,... Having a plurality of ventilation holes are inserted into the pile 27, so that the air permeability inside the pile is improved, It is not necessary to perform 27 cutbacks. Therefore, work efficiency is improved.

  It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the illustrated examples described above, and it is needless to say that various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Effect of the invention

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the cost of the greening base material and further preserve the natural environment by lowering the production cost of compost using industrial waste trees.

It is a whole top view of the industrial waste tree collection processing yard in the civil engineering construction site for demonstrating the manufacturing method of the compost using the industrial waste tree which concerns on this invention. It is a whole perspective view of the composting yard in a civil engineering construction site. It is the III-III sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is a top view which shows the spraying installation of a greening base material. FIG. 5 is a side view of FIG. 4. It is a composting chip temperature-measurement day graph. It is a comparative table | surface which shows the property in one month after the manufacture of compost from a composting chip | tip compared with the property of a commercially available bark compost.

I Civil engineering construction site 1 Industrial waste tree collection processing yard 2 Primary crushing wood chip 2A Sieve residue chip 2A 'Sieve passage chip 2B Additive-mixed chip 2C Secondary crushing wood chip (composting chip)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 3 Dump truck 3A Dump truck 7 Stack area 12 Backhoe 13 Vibrating sieve machine 14 Belt conveyor 14a Belt conveyor 14b Belt conveyor 14c Belt conveyor 15 Secondary crusher 17 Fixed supply machine 19 Fixed supply machine 23 Nutrition 24 Water tank 25 Compost fungus 26 Compost 27 Yard 27 Stack 27a, 27a Facing surface 28 Sprayer 29 Perforated pipe 30 Blue sheet 38 Spraying equipment 39 Greening base material 40 Belt conveyor 42 Spraying machine 44 Compressor 45 Generator a Air

Claims (4)

A method for producing compost using industrial waste trees produced by logging,
A primary crushing step of crushing the industrial waste tree to a predetermined length;
An addition step of adding compost and nutrients to the industrial waste tree crushed in this primary crushing step;
A secondary crushing step of further crushing a mixture of the compost and nutrients added in this addition step with the industrial waste tree crushed in the primary crushing step;
A moisture adjustment step for adjusting the moisture content of the crushed material crushed in this secondary crushing step;
A fielding step of fielding the crushed material whose moisture has been adjusted in this moisture adjustment step into a truncated quadrangular pyramid ,
A perforated pipe insertion step for inserting a perforated pipe having a plurality of ventilation holes formed on the surface thereof in the piled crushed material,
Have a, a curing step of holding the wet state of crushed material the field stacked been crushed material was covered with a sheet,
In the perforated pipe insertion step, the plurality of perforated pipes are inserted in the vicinity of the ground so that the perforated pipe protrudes from the sheet through a pair of opposing surfaces of the peripheral surfaces of the pile.
A method for producing compost using industrial waste trees.
A primary crushing step of crushing industrial waste trees generated by logging to a predetermined length;
An addition step of adding compost and nutrients to the industrial waste tree crushed in this primary crushing step;
A secondary crushing step of further crushing a mixture of the compost and nutrients added in this addition step with the industrial waste tree crushed in the primary crushing step;
A moisture adjustment step for adjusting the moisture content of the crushed material crushed in this secondary crushing step;
A fielding step of fielding the crushed material whose moisture has been adjusted in this moisture adjustment step into a truncated quadrangular pyramid ,
A perforated pipe insertion step for inserting a perforated pipe having a plurality of ventilation holes formed on the surface thereof in the piled crushed material,
Have a, a curing step of holding the wet state of crushed material the field stacked been crushed material was covered with a sheet,
In the perforated pipe insertion step, the plurality of perforated pipes are inserted in the vicinity of the ground so that the perforated pipe protrudes from the sheet through a pair of opposing surfaces of the peripheral surfaces of the pile.
The manufacturing method of the greening base material using the industrial waste tree which produces | generates a greening base material by mixing soil, an adhesive agent, and a seed with the compost manufactured by the manufacturing method of the compost using the industrial waste tree.
The method for producing compost using the industrial waste tree according to claim 1 , wherein the compost is manufactured using a part of a site in a civil engineering construction site where the industrial waste tree is discharged.
The greening base material using the industrial waste tree according to claim 2 , wherein the greening base material is manufactured using a part of a site in a civil engineering construction site where the industrial waste tree is discharged. Manufacturing method.

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