JP5323584B2 - Central fresh water cooling system - Google Patents

Central fresh water cooling system Download PDF

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JP5323584B2
JP5323584B2 JP2009121587A JP2009121587A JP5323584B2 JP 5323584 B2 JP5323584 B2 JP 5323584B2 JP 2009121587 A JP2009121587 A JP 2009121587A JP 2009121587 A JP2009121587 A JP 2009121587A JP 5323584 B2 JP5323584 B2 JP 5323584B2
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fresh water
cooling
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central fresh
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JP2010269641A (en
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進吾 関
守弘 島崎
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Japan Marine United Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce useless energy consumption by operating a cooling sea water pump by irreducible minimum power. <P>SOLUTION: In this central fresh water cooling system, a cooled equipment group 2 mounted to a vessel is cooled by fresh water 3 circulating in a closed circuit 1, and the fresh water 3 is heat-exchanged with sea water 5 taken from the outside of the vessel by a central fresh water cooling device 6 in the middle of the closed circuit 1. The system includes a motor 7 for driving the cooling sea water pump 8 for feeding sea water 5 to the central fresh water cooling device 6, a temperature sensor 12 for measuring a temperature of the fresh water 3 fed from the central fresh water cooling device 6 to the cooled equipment group 2, and a control unit 13 for performing the control of the number of revolutions of the motor 7 of the cooling sea water pump 8 so that a detected temperature by the temperature sensor 12 may be a set temperature based on the detected temperature. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

本発明は、船舶に装備された各種機器類を冷却するためのセントラル清水冷却システムに関するものである。   The present invention relates to a central fresh water cooling system for cooling various devices mounted on a ship.

従来、船舶に装備されたエンジン、発電機、エアコンプレッサ等といった各種機器類を冷却するに際しては、海から海水を取り込んで熱交換させ、熱を持った海水を海に返すシステムが採用されていたが、このようなシステムでは、万一、冷却管が破損した場合に油が冷却用海水に混入して船外に流失する虞れがあったため、近年においては、以下に詳述する如きセントラル清水冷却システムが採用されている。   Conventionally, when cooling various equipment such as engines, generators, air compressors, etc. installed on ships, a system was adopted that takes seawater from the sea, exchanges heat, and returns the heated seawater to the sea. However, in such a system, if the cooling pipe is broken, there is a risk that the oil may be mixed into the cooling seawater and flowed out of the ship. A cooling system is adopted.

即ち、セントラル清水冷却システムにおいては、各種機器類の冷却を閉鎖回路を循環する清水で行い、その清水を船外から取り込んだ海水で熱交換する仕組みとなっており、冷却管が破損したような場合でも、油が閉鎖された清水の回路内に留まって船外へ流失しないようになっている。   In other words, in the central fresh water cooling system, various devices are cooled with fresh water circulating in a closed circuit, and the fresh water is heat-exchanged with seawater taken from outside the ship. Even in this case, the oil stays in the closed fresh water circuit so that it does not run offboard.

図２はセントラル清水冷却システムの一例を示すもので、図中１は冷却を行うべき被冷却機器群２を経由して清水３を循環せしめる閉鎖回路を示し、該閉鎖回路１内には、清水３を循環するための冷却清水ポンプ４と、昇温した清水３を船外から取り込んだ海水５と熱交換して再び冷やすためのセントラル清水冷却器６とが装備されている。   FIG. 2 shows an example of a central fresh water cooling system. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a closed circuit that circulates fresh water 3 via a group of equipment 2 to be cooled, and the closed circuit 1 includes fresh water. A cooling fresh water pump 4 for circulating 3 and a central fresh water cooler 6 for exchanging heat with the sea water 5 taken from the outside of the ship and cooling it again are provided.

即ち、前記セントラル清水冷却器６には、モータ７駆動の冷却海水ポンプ８により船外の海から取り込んだ海水５が冷却海水ライン９を介して通水されるようになっており、ここで閉鎖回路１を循環する清水３と熱交換されて暖まった海水５は、そのまま冷却海水ライン９に導かれて船外へ排出されるようになっている。   That is, the central fresh water cooler 6 is configured such that the seawater 5 taken from the sea outside the ship is passed through the cooling seawater line 9 by the cooling seawater pump 8 driven by the motor 7 and is closed here. Seawater 5 warmed by heat exchange with fresh water 3 circulating in circuit 1 is led to cooling seawater line 9 as it is and discharged out of the ship.

一方、前記閉鎖回路１には、セントラル清水冷却器６を迂回して清水３を循環せしめるバイパスライン１０が設けられ、該バイパスライン１０の閉鎖回路１に対する合流箇所には、三方弁の機構を持つ温度調整弁１１が介装されており、前記被冷却機器群２入側の清水３の温度を検出する温度センサ１２からの検出信号１２ａに基づいて、被冷却機器群２に導入される清水３の温度が一定に維持されるように、セントラル清水冷却器６を経由して流れる清水３の配分が前記温度調整弁１１により制御されるようになっている。   On the other hand, the closed circuit 1 is provided with a bypass line 10 that bypasses the central fresh water cooler 6 and circulates the fresh water 3, and has a three-way valve mechanism at the junction of the bypass line 10 with respect to the closed circuit 1. A temperature regulating valve 11 is interposed, and the fresh water 3 introduced into the cooled device group 2 based on a detection signal 12a from the temperature sensor 12 that detects the temperature of the fresh water 3 entering the cooled device group 2 side. The temperature adjusting valve 11 controls the distribution of fresh water 3 flowing through the central fresh water cooler 6 so that the temperature of the water is maintained constant.

尚、一般的な船舶の冷却設備に関連する先行技術文献情報としては、例えば下記の特許文献１等がある。   In addition, as prior art document information related to general ship cooling equipment, for example, there is Patent Document 1 below.

特開２００８−２８４９７０号公報JP 2008-284970 A

しかしながら、前述した如き従来のセントラル清水冷却システムにおいては、冷却海水ポンプ８により常に一定量の海水５を冷却海水ライン９に通水させ、閉鎖回路１内を循環する清水３を適宜にバイパスライン１０に振り分けてセントラル清水冷却器６を迂回させることで清水３の温度を一定に制御するようにしていたため、冷却海水ライン９の冷却海水ポンプ８は、被冷却機器群２の最大負荷及び夏場の海水温度から決まる一定の吐出量で十分な余裕を持って運転されており、殆どの状況で冷却海水ポンプ８の吐出量が必要量を上回る結果となってポンプ動力のエネルギー損失が大きいという問題があった。   However, in the conventional central fresh water cooling system as described above, a constant amount of sea water 5 is always passed through the cooling sea water line 9 by the cooling sea water pump 8, and the fresh water 3 circulating in the closed circuit 1 is appropriately bypassed 10. Since the temperature of the fresh water 3 is controlled to be constant by diverting to the central fresh water cooler 6, the cooling sea water pump 8 of the cooling sea water line 9 has the maximum load of the device group 2 to be cooled and the sea water in summer. There is a problem that the operation is performed with a sufficient discharge amount at a constant discharge amount determined from the temperature, and the discharge amount of the cooling seawater pump 8 exceeds the required amount in most situations, resulting in a large energy loss of the pump power. It was.

本発明は上述の実情に鑑みてなしたもので、冷却海水ポンプを必要最小限の動力で運転し得るようにして無駄なエネルギー消費の削減を図ることを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to reduce wasteful energy consumption so that a cooling seawater pump can be operated with the minimum necessary power.

本発明は、船舶に搭載された被冷却機器群を、閉鎖回路を循環する清水で冷却し、該清水を閉鎖回路途中のセントラル清水冷却器にて船外から取り込んだ海水と熱交換させるようにしたセントラル清水冷却システムにおいて、前記セントラル清水冷却器に海水を送り込む冷却海水ポンプの駆動用モータと、前記セントラル清水冷却器により冷却されて被冷却機器群へ送り出される清水の温度を計測する温度センサと、該温度センサによる検出温度に基づき該検出温度が設定温度になるように前記冷却海水ポンプの駆動用モータの回転数を制御してセントラル清水冷却器に供給する海水の吐出量を調整する制御ユニットとを備えたことを特徴とするものである。 The present invention, the cooled equipment group mounted on a ship, and cooled with clean water circulating in the closed circuit, the該清water at a closed circuit during the Central Shimizu cooler so as to seawater heat exchanger taken from the outboard In the central fresh water cooling system, a cooling seawater pump drive motor that feeds seawater into the central fresh water cooler, and a temperature sensor that measures the temperature of fresh water that is cooled by the central fresh water cooler and sent to the cooled device group A control unit for adjusting the discharge amount of seawater supplied to the central fresh water cooler by controlling the number of revolutions of the driving motor for the cooling seawater pump so that the detected temperature becomes a set temperature based on the temperature detected by the temperature sensor It is characterized by comprising.

而して、このようにすれば、セントラル清水冷却器から被冷却機器群へ送り出される清水の温度が温度センサにより計測され、その検出温度に基づき該検出温度が設定温度になるように冷却海水ポンプの駆動用モータが制御ユニットにより回転数制御されるので、被冷却機器群の負荷や海水温度により変化する海水の必要量に応じて冷却海水ポンプの吐出量を調整し、該冷却海水ポンプの動力を必要最小限に抑えることが可能となる。   Thus, in this way, the temperature of the fresh water sent from the central fresh water cooler to the group of equipment to be cooled is measured by the temperature sensor, and the cooling seawater pump is set so that the detected temperature becomes the set temperature based on the detected temperature. The number of rotations of the motor is controlled by the control unit, so that the discharge amount of the cooling seawater pump is adjusted according to the required amount of seawater that varies depending on the load of the group of equipment to be cooled and the seawater temperature, and the power of the cooling seawater pump Can be minimized.

また、本発明をより具体的に実施するに際しては、温度センサからの検出信号を入力して冷却海水ポンプの回転数を算出する制御器と、該制御器での算出値に基づき前記冷却海水ポンプの駆動用モータに与える電源周波数を変更するインバータとにより制御ユニットを構成することが可能である。   Further, in carrying out the present invention more specifically, a controller that inputs a detection signal from a temperature sensor to calculate the rotation speed of the cooling seawater pump, and the cooling seawater pump based on the calculated value in the controller The control unit can be constituted by an inverter that changes the power frequency applied to the drive motor.

上記した本発明のセントラル清水冷却システムによれば、下記の如き種々の優れた効果を奏し得る。   According to the central fresh water cooling system of the present invention described above, various excellent effects as described below can be obtained.

（Ｉ）被冷却機器群の負荷や海水温度により変化する海水の必要量に応じて冷却海水ポンプの吐出量を調整し、該冷却海水ポンプの動力を必要最小限に抑えることができるので、ポンプ動力にかかる無駄なエネルギー消費を極力回避することができ、これによって、船舶内の電力を賄う発電機エンジンの燃料コスト及びＣＯ2の発生量を大幅に削減することができる。 (I) Since the discharge amount of the cooling seawater pump can be adjusted according to the required amount of seawater that changes depending on the load of the group of equipment to be cooled and the seawater temperature, and the power of the cooling seawater pump can be minimized, the pump Wasteful energy consumption related to power can be avoided as much as possible, and thereby the fuel cost of the generator engine that covers the power in the ship and the amount of CO 2 generated can be greatly reduced.

（ＩＩ）従来のセントラル清水冷却システムと比較して、温度調整弁やバイパスラインを不要とすることができ、船内配管系を著しく簡素化することができるので、船内配管系により制約を受けていた各種機器類のレイアウトの自由度を従来より大幅に向上することができる。   (II) Compared with the conventional central fresh water cooling system, the temperature adjustment valve and bypass line can be eliminated, and the inboard piping system can be remarkably simplified. The degree of freedom in the layout of various devices can be greatly improved as compared with the prior art.

本発明を実施する形態の一例を示す概略図である。It is the schematic which shows an example of the form which implements this invention. 従来例を示す概略図である。It is the schematic which shows a prior art example.

以下本発明の実施の形態を図面を参照しつつ説明する。   Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

図１は本発明を実施する形態の一例を示すもので、図２と同一の符号を付した部分は同一物を表わしている。   FIG. 1 shows an example of an embodiment for carrying out the present invention, and parts denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 2 represent the same items.

ここに図示している通り、本形態例においては、先に説明した図２のセントラル清水冷却システムから温度調整弁１１とバイパスライン１０とを省略し、セントラル清水冷却器６から被冷却機器群２へ送り出される清水３の温度を計測する既存の温度センサ１２をそのまま利用する一方、該温度センサ１２による検出温度に基づき該検出温度が設定温度になるように冷却海水ポンプ８のモータ７（駆動用モータ）の回転数制御を行う制御ユニット１３を備えている。   As shown here, in this embodiment, the temperature regulating valve 11 and the bypass line 10 are omitted from the central fresh water cooling system of FIG. While using the existing temperature sensor 12 for measuring the temperature of the fresh water 3 sent out to the motor 7 as it is, the motor 7 (for driving) of the cooling seawater pump 8 is set so that the detected temperature becomes a set temperature based on the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 12. And a control unit 13 for controlling the rotational speed of the motor.

より具体的には、温度センサ１２からの検出信号１２ａを入力して冷却海水ポンプ８の回転数を算出する制御器１４と、該制御器１４での算出値に基づき前記冷却海水ポンプ８のモータ７に与える電源周波数を変更するインバータ１５とにより制御ユニット１３を構成するようにしている。   More specifically, a controller 14 that inputs the detection signal 12a from the temperature sensor 12 to calculate the rotation speed of the cooling seawater pump 8, and a motor of the cooling seawater pump 8 based on the calculated value in the controller 14 The control unit 13 is configured by the inverter 15 that changes the power supply frequency applied to the inverter 7.

ここで、冷却海水ポンプ８の回転数を制御器１４で算出するにあたっては、例えば、清水３の温度から回転数を一義的に決定するテーブルを制御器１４内に備えておき、該テーブルから温度センサ１２により計測される清水３の温度に基づいて最適な回転数を読み出すようにすれば良く、更には、これに加えて海水温度と交換熱量（主機及び発電機原動機負荷）に関する過去のデータ及びその時の決定回転数・実電力を蓄積しつつ過去のデータにて最低となった回転数を選択して回転数を決定するような手法を採用しても良い。   Here, in calculating the rotation speed of the cooling seawater pump 8 by the controller 14, for example, a table that uniquely determines the rotation speed from the temperature of the fresh water 3 is provided in the controller 14, and the temperature is calculated from the table. What is necessary is just to read the optimal number of rotations based on the temperature of the fresh water 3 measured by the sensor 12, and in addition to this, the past data on the seawater temperature and the amount of exchange heat (main engine and generator motor load) and A method may be adopted in which the determined number of rotations and actual power at that time are accumulated and the number of rotations that has become the lowest in the past data is selected to determine the number of rotations.

また、ファジー理論を組合せた曖昧制御を用いて随時回転数を可変制御しながら最低電力値を追求してゆく手法を採用することも可能であり、更には、このような手法を前述の過去のデータに照らして回転数を決定する手法と組み合わせて行うようにしても良い。   It is also possible to adopt a method of pursuing the lowest power value while variably controlling the rotational speed at any time using fuzzy control combined with fuzzy theory. You may make it carry out in combination with the method of determining rotation speed in light of data.

而して、このようにセントラル清水冷却システムを構成すれば、セントラル清水冷却器６から被冷却機器群２へ送り出される清水３の温度が温度センサ１２により計測され、その検出温度に基づき該検出温度が設定温度になるように冷却海水ポンプ８のモータ７が制御ユニット１３により回転数制御されるので、被冷却機器群２の負荷や海水温度により変化する海水の必要量に応じて冷却海水ポンプ８の吐出量を調整し、該冷却海水ポンプ８の動力を必要最小限に抑えることが可能となる。   Thus, if the central fresh water cooling system is configured in this way, the temperature of the fresh water 3 sent from the central fresh water cooler 6 to the cooled device group 2 is measured by the temperature sensor 12, and the detected temperature is based on the detected temperature. The rotational speed of the motor 7 of the cooling seawater pump 8 is controlled by the control unit 13 so that the temperature of the cooling seawater pump 8 becomes the set temperature. It is possible to suppress the power of the cooling seawater pump 8 to the minimum necessary.

従って、上記形態例によれば、被冷却機器群２の負荷や海水温度により変化する海水の必要量に応じて冷却海水ポンプ８の吐出量を調整し、該冷却海水ポンプ８の動力を必要最小限に抑えることができるので、ポンプ動力にかかる無駄なエネルギー消費を極力回避することができ、これによって、船舶内の電力を賄う発電機エンジンの燃料コスト及びＣＯ2の発生量を大幅に削減することができる。 Therefore, according to the said form example, the discharge amount of the cooling seawater pump 8 is adjusted according to the required amount of the seawater which changes with the load of the to-be-cooled device group 2 and seawater temperature, and the power of this cooling seawater pump 8 is the minimum necessary. As a result, the wasteful energy consumption of the pump power can be avoided as much as possible, thereby significantly reducing the fuel cost of the generator engine that covers the power in the ship and the amount of CO 2 generated. be able to.

また、従来のセントラル清水冷却システムと比較して、温度調整弁１１やバイパスライン１０（図２参照）を不要とすることができ、船内配管系を著しく簡素化することができるので、船内配管系により制約を受けていた各種機器類のレイアウトの自由度を従来より大幅に向上することができる。   Further, as compared with the conventional central fresh water cooling system, the temperature control valve 11 and the bypass line 10 (see FIG. 2) can be eliminated, and the inboard piping system can be remarkably simplified. Therefore, the degree of freedom in layout of various devices that are restricted by the above can be greatly improved.

尚、本発明のセントラル清水冷却システムは、上述の形態例にのみ限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲内において種々変更を加え得ることは勿論である。   In addition, the central fresh water cooling system of this invention is not limited only to the above-mentioned example, Of course, various changes can be added within the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention.

１ 閉鎖回路
２ 被冷却機器群
３ 清水
５ 海水
６ セントラル清水冷却器
７ モータ（駆動用モータ）
８ 冷却海水ポンプ
１２ 温度センサ
１２ａ 検出信号
１３ 制御ユニット
１４ 制御器
１５ インバータ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Closed circuit 2 Cooled equipment group 3 Fresh water 5 Sea water 6 Central fresh water cooler 7 Motor (drive motor)
8 Cooling seawater pump 12 Temperature sensor 12a Detection signal 13 Control unit 14 Controller 15 Inverter

Claims (2)

船舶に搭載された被冷却機器群を、閉鎖回路を循環する清水で冷却し、該清水を閉鎖回路途中のセントラル清水冷却器にて船外から取り込んだ海水と熱交換させるようにしたセントラル清水冷却システムにおいて、前記セントラル清水冷却器に海水を送り込む冷却海水ポンプの駆動用モータと、前記セントラル清水冷却器により冷却されて被冷却機器群へ送り出される清水の温度を計測する温度センサと、該温度センサによる検出温度に基づき該検出温度が設定温度になるように前記冷却海水ポンプの駆動用モータの回転数を制御してセントラル清水冷却器に供給する海水の吐出量を調整する制御ユニットとを備えたことを特徴とするセントラル清水冷却システム。 Central fresh water cooling that cools the group of equipment to be cooled on the ship with fresh water circulating in the closed circuit and exchanges the fresh water with the sea water taken from outside the ship with the central fresh water cooler in the middle of the closed circuit In the system, a motor for driving a cooling seawater pump that feeds seawater into the central fresh water cooler, a temperature sensor that measures the temperature of fresh water that is cooled by the central fresh water cooler and sent to a group to be cooled, and the temperature sensor And a control unit for adjusting the discharge amount of seawater supplied to the central fresh water cooler by controlling the number of rotations of the driving motor for the cooling seawater pump so that the detected temperature becomes a set temperature based on the detected temperature by Central fresh water cooling system characterized by that. 温度センサからの検出信号を入力して冷却海水ポンプの回転数を算出する制御器と、該制御器での算出値に基づき前記冷却海水ポンプの駆動用モータに与える電源周波数を変更するインバータとにより制御ユニットを構成したことを特徴とする請求項１に記載のセントラル清水冷却システム。   A controller that inputs a detection signal from the temperature sensor to calculate the number of rotations of the cooling seawater pump, and an inverter that changes a power frequency applied to the motor for driving the cooling seawater pump based on a value calculated by the controller The central fresh water cooling system according to claim 1, wherein a control unit is configured.
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