JP5320651B2 - Deformation in-situ display device for natural and artificial structures by color of light - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device which displays a relative displacement between optional observation points by light color so as to achieve dynamic observation at low cost which is essential for protecting citizens and construction persons from disaster or accidents, such as landslide, mudslide, snowslide, an accident under civil engineering structure construction, an accident under building structure construction, a collapse of a construction machine, a collapse of an old building, and unusual operations of an amusement facility, and so as to disclose a change occurring in the circumferential environment to the circumferential persons (residents, working persons in charge, spectators, etc.) on a real time basis. <P>SOLUTION: This device comprises: a measurement part which measures the relative displacement between two optional points; an LED tube on which a plurality of LED light sources are arranged; and a switch part which determines the color of the LED light source from the deformation quantity obtained by the measurement part. The switch part consists of: a switch panel on which non-conductor and conductor are suitably arranged; and a contact point of each LED tip which can move according to the deformation quantity, with a power line, and the deformation is reported in-situ by the light color on a real time basis. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a deformation display device for installation at an arbitrary original position of a natural or artificial structure for the purpose of monitoring the occurrence / progress of deformation or an increase in the degree of danger. The present invention relates to a device for displaying a position.

  The traffic light installed at the intersection of roads is a safety notification device that uses three colors of light, blue, yellow, and red, to safely control traffic for drivers, pedestrians, etc. Has been established as. Moreover, the concept of safety in blue and danger in red has permeated the general public. However, such a safety notification device is not found in the general relationship between natural and artificial structures and human society. Here, the natural structure refers to a part of natural topography formed by soil materials such as roadsides, natural slopes around residential areas, natural river embankments, and rocks. It also covers snow when examining the risk of avalanches in heavy snowfall areas. Artificial structures generally refer to civil engineering structures, building structures, and construction machines used when constructing them. Civil engineering structures refer to bridges, power transmission and communication towers, dams, tunnels, embankments, landfills, artificial river dikes, artificial slopes, and so on. Building structures include general houses, high-rise buildings, public buildings (museums, schools, train stations, gymnasiums, etc.), large-scale leisure facilities (concert halls, sports stadiums, ferris wheels, roller coaster rails, etc.), temporary event venues It refers to structures. In addition, the construction machine refers to a machine that requires an operator, such as a large crane or a large heavy machine, and in which residents or workers may approach the vicinity during the construction. Even if these natural and man-made structures have been deformed and their safety continues to decline, they can be detected rationally and economically and effectively in the surrounding residents and workers. It must be said that the safety notification device to inform is still under development.

The current situation and problems of an example of a dangerous slope, which is one of the natural structures, will be described. In Japan, three-quarters of the country is covered with mountainous areas, and there are 210,000 disasters in the country, including about 90,000 slope failures, landslides, debris flow hazards, and rockfall hazards. Slope disasters are concentrated especially during heavy rains, earthquakes, and slope construction.
Under such circumstances, slope disaster prevention measures are efficiently implemented from areas with a high risk of collapse, equipment is installed to detect the occurrence of disasters and their signs, and information is provided to road users and neighboring residents according to the degree of danger. There is a need to provide. For this purpose, a preliminary survey by experts, a budgeted monitoring plan, a data transfer system using IT (Information Technology) technology, a safety judgment and warning dispatch system by the person in charge were developed, and steady results have been achieved so far. It has been raised.
However, while the risk of disaster occurrence due to natural phenomena is basically unchanged, the maintenance budget for disaster countermeasures may have decreased. However, the actual situation is that the maintenance rate is still about 20% of the total.
Of these, only a limited number of areas are equipped with real-time data analysis and notification systems for residents.

  At present, monitoring is performed using various measuring devices in places where slope failure is dangerous. The monitoring system measures displacement, strain, temperature change, etc. with measuring instruments on the surface layer and inside of slopes and walls, and displays and monitors the data on a monitor in a management office away from the site. There are many things. With regard to these measurement technologies, from conventional extensometers that detect fluctuations in the distance between two points using wires, optical fibers are used, and sensors that transmit and receive radio waves and lasers between observation points are wireless. Some detect changes in the distance between observation points. In addition, there is a method in which a photograph is taken at a certain time interval at a point away from the monitoring target slope, and the amount of movement of the target on the target slope is calculated from image processing. In addition, there are various altitude measurement data management systems such as those using GPS to measure using satellites (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 4).

Japanese Patent No. 36553549 JP 2005-257315 A JP 2006-266992 A JP 2006-184278 A

The advanced measurement data management system for constructing the monitoring system described above has a problem that it cannot be installed in all the places where the danger is already grasped due to high cost.
In addition, existing high technology often involves centralized management of changes occurring at the site in another location (such as the head office or the data management room of the central government office). There is a decisive problem that information is not transmitted.

  In addition, for example, there are sudden cases caused by heavy rain, but in many cases, deformation accumulates over a long period of time, and a large-scale landslide occurs at the last trigger (concentrated heavy rain, earthquake, etc.). There is. In such a case, it is not uncommon for the measured displacement to be from several tens of cm to over 1 m, and a sensor having a large measurement range is required. At this time, the deformation speed or the deformation acceleration is an index for directly expressing the degree of danger rather than the current deformation amount itself.

  In addition, in order to maintain and manage various social infrastructures, including concrete structures, along with the task of monitoring what kind of deformation occurs in the structure, damage that has already been detected (such as cracks) It is necessary to monitor the progress and deterioration. On the surface of a concrete structure, a large number of cracks are usually generated at arbitrary locations, and it is strongly desired in the field to establish a rational and safe monitoring method at these measurement target locations.

  Furthermore, in the case of displacement measurement required in a steel structure such as a bridge, there are cases where the distance D between two points at which displacement measurement is performed is extremely small as compared with the case where the object is a ground material. Even in such a case, monitoring of deformation by the color of light is often effective. Even when the distance D between two points at which displacement measurement is performed is extremely small, a device capable of measuring displacement is required.

  The current situation and problems described here are not limited to examples of dangerous slopes as one of the natural structures, but are also intended for other natural structures, civil engineering structures, building structures, and related construction machinery. It also exists in the monitoring and safety management system during construction and operation.

  The present invention provides a device capable of reducing the cost by omitting or simplifying the data storage and transfer functions as much as possible, and automatically displaying an early warning to people closest to the danger by displaying the deformation at the site position with light. The purpose is to do.

  In addition, the present invention provides dynamic observation that is indispensable for protecting citizens and workers from disasters or accidents related to natural structures and man-made structures (civil engineering structures, building structures, and construction machinery used for their construction). An object of the present invention is to provide a device that displays the relative displacement between arbitrary observation points in the color of light in order to disclose information about changes occurring in the surrounding environment to surrounding parties in real time at a low cost.

  In addition, the present invention memorizes the past deformation history of natural structures and artificial structures, grasps the displacement speed or displacement acceleration in a specified time interval, and displays the danger level at the site position in the color of light It is an object of the present invention to provide a device that performs the above-described process.

  In addition, the present invention takes into account the amount of crack displacement of concrete and the like, and is displaced with sufficiently high accuracy (usually with such accuracy since crack deformation can be monitored if an accuracy of 0.1 mm can be realized). An object of the present invention is to provide a device that can measure the risk of cracking of concrete or the like at the site position with the color of light.

  Furthermore, the present invention can measure the displacement even when the distance D between the two points at which the displacement is measured is extremely small, and the size of the device is about several centimeters. It is an object of the present invention to provide a device that can effectively grasp the state of deformation by attaching it, and displays the degree of danger at the site position in the color of light.

In order to achieve the above object, a natural and artificial structure deformed original position display device according to the present invention includes a measurement unit that measures relative displacement between at least two arbitrary measurement points of natural and artificial structures, and at least two colors. An LED light source unit in which a plurality of LED light sources are arranged linearly or spirally on a line connecting the two measurement points, a risk is set according to the level of deformation of the structure, and the measurement unit And a switch unit for determining the color of the LED light source according to the degree of danger from the deformation amount obtained in (1). Further, the switch unit has a mechanical structure for turning ON / OFF the current supply from the deformation amount to the LED light source of each color. With this configuration, the risk of the natural and artificial structures to be measured in real time at the original position between the two measurement points is the color of the light from the LED light source arranged on a line connecting the two measurement points. Thus, it is possible to notify on-site passers-by (car drivers, pedestrians).

With such a configuration, safety and risk are set according to the level of deformation of the structure, and the safety and risk are indicated to surrounding parties by the color of light using a light emitting diode (LED). Can do. Basically, an information disclosure device using light for 24 hours 365 days is constructed.
In addition, the surrounding parties and the like are not only residents near the site where the natural and artificial structure deformation original position display device of the present invention is installed, but also passersby near the site (car drivers, pedestrians). In addition, when it is under construction, it is used to include construction personnel.
Further, determining the color of the LED light source from the amount of deformation means, for example, that more colors can be obtained from a display method such as a three-color display of blue, yellow, and red, such as a traffic signal, in order to easily show the state. Various display methods used can be considered.

By announcing on-site changes with the color of light, the time that the change is disclosed to the related parties is basically zero, and the communication of safety information to the related parties Efficiency is greatly improved. In addition, by notifying on-site deformations with the color of light, there is an aim not only to discuss safety with a specialized team alone, but also to make so-called monitoring personnel for the surrounding parties.
This coincides with the tendency that various local governments and the like are actively introducing concepts such as monitoring of the living environment through participation of residents.

  The natural and artificial structure deformed original position display device according to the present invention detects deformation at low cost and keeps the change easily disclosed to surrounding parties with light. Like the conventional altitude measurement data management system, it is important to calculate the safety factor of the slope and predict the scale and timing of the collapse, but as mentioned above, the number of sites where these systems can be installed and the required The public budget is very limited. Therefore, most small and medium-scale slopes (such as the back mountain of your home) can no longer wait for disaster prevention measures to be taken by public agencies. By the present invention, it is considered that the residents can finally install the device around their homes and build a state in which they can protect themselves. The point of opening the path to such a resident participation-type safety management system is that the present invention has the significance of the natural and artificial structure deformation original position display device of the present invention.

Next, the natural and artificial structure deformation in-situ display device according to the present invention includes a measuring unit that measures relative displacement between at least two arbitrary points of the natural and artificial structures, and a plurality of LED light sources of at least two colors. Based on the amount of deformation obtained by the measurement unit, the degree of risk is set according to the level of deformation of the LED tube arranged linearly or spirally on the line connecting the two measurement points and the structure. A switch unit that determines the color of the LED light source according to the degree of danger. Further, the switch unit has a mechanical structure for turning ON / OFF the current supply from the deformation amount to the LED light source of each color. With this configuration, the risk of the natural and artificial structures to be measured in real time at the original position between the two measurement points is the color of the light from the LED tubes arranged on a line connecting the two measurement points. Thus, it is possible to notify on-site passers-by (car drivers, pedestrians).
According to the said structure, the color of the light of an LED tube can be determined from the relative displacement between two points (or more) which is one-dimensional information, and the deformation | transformation can be displayed with the color of light.
Here, the LED tube in which a plurality of LED light sources are arranged may be arranged so as to connect, for example, two points to be observed. The arrangement shape of the LED tube may be linear or spiral. Moreover, each LED light source of an LED tube is set as the circuit arrangement | sequence connected in parallel so that the whole LED tube may not lose a function by the trouble of a single LED light source.

Here, in the natural and artificial structure deformed original position display device of the present invention, the LED light source is a full-color LED light source composed of LED chips of three primary colors of blue, red, and green, and the switch portion is deformed. It is preferably an ON / OFF switch circuit for supplying current to the circuit of each LED chip of the full color LED light source.
By using a full-color LED light source, it is possible to announce safety with various light colors. By an ON / OFF switch circuit having an ON / OFF selection function for controlling current supply to three different circuits (a red LED chip circuit, a green LED chip circuit, and a blue LED chip circuit) constituting a full color LED light source, A full color LED light source displays a plurality of colors.

In the natural and artificial structure deformed original position display device according to the present invention, the LED light sources are two different color LED light sources, and the switch unit turns on / off current supply from the deformed amount to each color LED light source. An OFF switch circuit is preferable .
Such a configuration is for a case where the LED light source is a monochromatic LED light source. For example, a natural and artificial structure deformed original position display device that displays red and blue light using a red LED light source and a blue LED light source can be constructed.

Further, the current supply ON / OFF switch circuit preferably moves for each LED chip or each color LED light source according to the amount of deformation and a switch panel in which non-conductors and conductors are appropriately arranged. It is comprised from the contact point of the power source line of each LED chip or each color LED light source to obtain.
By configuring the current supply ON / OFF switch circuit as described above, the ON / OFF switch circuit can be mechanically easily constructed, and the cost of the apparatus can be reduced. Here, the switch panel in which the non-conductor and the conductor are appropriately arranged is manufactured by, for example, performing a partial surface treatment on a conductive plate-like material to make a non-conductor. Arranging the non-conductor and the conductor appropriately means, for example, that the conductor and the non-conductor are alternately provided or that the conductor and the non-conductor are separated. For example, in a switch panel, by alternately providing a conductor and a non-conductor, current supply can be turned on and off alternately according to the progress of deformation of relative displacement between two points. In combination with LED chips having different colors, various colors of light of the full color LED can be controlled. Details will be described in the following examples.

Here, the switch panel has a neutral position at the center, and a conductor for the first color LED is disposed at the moving part of the contact point that moves according to the amount of tensile displacement, and according to the amount of compressive displacement. It is preferable to dispose a second color LED conductor in the moving part of the contact point that moves.
For example, by setting the first color LED to blue and the second color LED to red, the deformation is notified by the light color. Further, safety is announced by setting the LED display color at the neutral position in the central portion to blue and the same red color as the first color LED and the second color LED in which the deformation has occurred.

  In the natural and artificial structure deformed original position display device of the present invention, a warning sound generator is further provided, and a non-conductor and a conductive material are used as an ON / OFF switch circuit for supplying current to the warning sound generator. It is preferable to provide a switch panel in which the body is appropriately arranged. Such a measure is one of optional items that can be added as an optional function. When a certain threshold value is exceeded (such as in an emergency), an alarm buzzer sound is generated in addition to the notification of the light color. By doing so, it becomes possible to further improve safety. In addition, when the threshold value is exceeded, in addition to generating a warning sound, the method of lighting the LED is changed (for example, a different LED that is normally glowing is attached to the end of the device to make it glow). Various measures can be taken.

  Further, the current supply ON / OFF composed of a switch panel in which non-conductors and conductors are appropriately arranged, and contact points of the power lines of each LED chip or each color LED light source that can move according to the amount of deformation In the natural and artificial structure deformed original position display device of the present invention having an OFF switch circuit, the measuring unit includes a fixed point installed at any two points, and a rigid body connected in series between the fixed points. It is preferable that the switch panel is fixed to a rigid body including an elastic body and the contact point connected to one of the fixed points.

With such a configuration, it is possible to mechanically detect a relative displacement between any two points, and the amount of deformation of the detected relative displacement is directly connected to one of the fixed points as a moving amount. Therefore, the deformation is transmitted to the switch panel in a timeless manner, and the ON / OFF switch function for supplying current to the LED light source can be exhibited.
Here, the rigid body is, for example, a highly rigid string that does not extend, and the elastic body is a spring having low rigidity. Therefore, in the string (rigid body) and the spring (elastic body) connected in series between the fixed points, the amount of deformation of the spring is substantially equal to the relative displacement between the fixed points.
The mechanical structure from detection of the relative displacement between any two points to the color switch of the LED light source can reduce the apparatus cost and can be easily installed by the general population.

  Further, the current supply ON / OFF composed of a switch panel in which non-conductors and conductors are appropriately arranged, and contact points of the power lines of each LED chip or each color LED light source that can move according to the amount of deformation In the natural and artificial structure deformed original position display device of the present invention having an OFF switch circuit, the measuring unit includes a fixed point installed at any two points, and a rigid body connected in series between the fixed points. It is preferable that the switch panel is fixed to one of the fixing points, which includes an elastic body and a contact point connected to the rigid body.

With this configuration, it is possible to mechanically detect a relative displacement between any two points as well, and the movement of the contact point in which the detected amount of relative displacement deformation is directly connected to one of the fixed points. Therefore, the deformation is transmitted to the switch panel in a timeless manner, and an ON / OFF switch function for supplying current to the LED light source can be exhibited.
The mechanical structure from detection of the relative displacement between any two points to the color switch of the LED light source can reduce the apparatus cost and can be easily installed by the general population.

The switch panel includes a displacement speed detection unit including a clock unit, a storage unit, and a determination processing unit, and the displacement speed (or acceleration) detection unit is configured to move each LED chip that can move according to the deformation amount or It is a preferred mode that the energization state and the time of the contact point of each power line of each color LED light source are periodically stored in the storage unit, and the displacement speed (or acceleration) of the contact point is determined by the determination processing unit. .
According to this aspect, since the length of the switch panel, the displacement of the contact point, and the color pattern of the light of the LED chip or the LED light source can be arbitrarily set, the displacement accuracy is about 1 mm or more, and the displacement is various sizes. It becomes possible to respond.
Measuring the displacement speed (or acceleration) is that in the event of a natural disaster, in addition to the current displacement magnitude, it can be determined whether it is increasing at an accelerated rate. Very important.

The switch panel includes a displacement speed (or acceleration) detection means including an electric resistance unit, a clock unit, a storage unit, and a determination processing unit. It is preferable that the displacement is regarded as a change in the electric resistance of the electric resistance unit, the change in electric resistance and the time thereof are periodically stored in the storage unit, and the displacement speed (or acceleration) of the contact point is determined in the determination processing unit. It is.
According to such an aspect, the relative displacement in the switch panel is transmitted to the potentiometer, which is an electric resistance unit, and the change in the electric resistance is digitized, and the determination processing unit displays the displacement, the displacement speed (or acceleration), and the light color. It is possible to control. Thereby, it becomes possible to have the accuracy of about 0.1 mm required in crack width monitoring of concrete or the like.
Measuring the displacement speed (or acceleration) is that in the event of a natural disaster, in addition to the current displacement magnitude, it can be determined whether it is increasing at an accelerated rate. Very important.

The switch unit includes a displacement speed (or acceleration) detection unit including a strain gauge unit, a clock unit, a storage unit, and a determination processing unit, and periodically changes a resistance value detected by the strain gauge unit and its time. It is a preferable aspect that the data is stored in the storage unit and the change rate (or acceleration) of the resistance value is determined by the determination processing unit.
According to this aspect, the distance between the two points at which the relative displacement is measured can be about several mm, and the state is almost “measurement at a point”. The change in the resistance value detected by the strain gauge portion is very small, and it is essential to convert it to a necessary and sufficient voltage using a bridge amplifier circuit or the like. For example, through a small amplifier. In the displacement speed (or acceleration) detection means in the switch unit, the resistance value detected by the strain gauge unit is sent to the determination processing unit, and the color of the light from the LED light source unit or the LED tube is determined in the determination processing unit. The device itself is small (a size of about several centimeters) and can be easily attached to various parts of the structure.
Measuring the displacement speed (or acceleration) is that in the event of a natural disaster, in addition to the current displacement magnitude, it can be determined whether it is increasing at an accelerated rate. Very important.

Note that the above determination processing unit changes the LED lighting pattern of the LED light source unit or the LED tube when the displacement speed (or acceleration) of the contact point or the change speed (or acceleration) of the resistance value exceeds a predetermined threshold. It is preferable to make it.
When relative displacement occurs between two points at which relative displacement is measured, the color of light corresponding to the displacement level is determined by the determination processing unit, and is displayed on the LED light source unit or LED tube. The measurement sampling is performed at a specified interval, and the displacement value is stored in the storage unit.
Also, during data processing, the displacement speed (or acceleration) (or the strain gauge resistance change speed (or acceleration)) is calculated, and if it exceeds the specified threshold, the LED light source or LED tube is turned on. By increasing the pattern (for example, flushing, etc.), the increase in the degree of danger can be known in the vicinity. Furthermore, it is also effective to emit a warning sound in that case as necessary.

  Various application systems as described below are conceivable by using the above-mentioned natural and artificial structure deformation original position display devices. First, the slope disaster prevention system using the present invention has a function of properly monitoring the monitoring of dangerous slopes or falling rocks by appropriately arranging the natural and artificial structure deformation original position display devices on the slopes. This disaster prevention system can also be constructed for natural structures other than the slopes described above.

  In addition, a tunnel deformation monitoring system using the present invention is configured by appropriately arranging the above-described natural and artificial structure deformation original position display device in the tunnel, and predicting the collapse of the face or detecting the deformation at an arbitrary position in the tunnel. It has a function to perform. This monitoring system can be constructed for all the civil engineering structures described above.

  Furthermore, the building monitoring system using the present invention is configured by appropriately arranging the above-described natural and artificial structure deformation original position display devices on the ceiling and / or wall surface of the building, and predicting the collapse of the building or building. It has a function to detect deformation at any location. This monitoring system can be constructed for all the building structures described above.

  Further, the construction machine monitoring system using the present invention has a function of appropriately arranging the above-described natural and man-made structure deformation original position display device at an arbitrary position of the construction machine and monitoring the deformation thereof. This monitoring system can be constructed for all the construction machines described above.

  The natural and artificial structure deformation in-situ display device according to the present invention has an effect that information on the deformation of natural and artificial structures can be transmitted in the color of light to surrounding parties and the like without a time lag on site. Therefore, a 24-hour monitoring system for the living environment or construction work environment by participation of residents or workers can be constructed, and overall safety for surrounding parties can be improved.

  The natural and artificial structure deformation original position display device according to the present invention stores the past deformation history in the natural structure and the artificial structure, and grasps the displacement speed (or acceleration) in the specified time interval. Thus, the danger level at the site location can be displayed in the color of light.

  In addition, the natural and artificial structure deformation in-situ display device according to the present invention takes into account the amount of crack displacement of concrete or the like, and monitors crack deformation if it is sufficiently accurate (usually 0.1 mm accuracy). Therefore, the displacement can be measured with such accuracy), and the risk of cracking of concrete or the like at the site position can be displayed in the color of light.

  Furthermore, the natural and artificial structure deformed original position display device according to the present invention can measure displacement even when the distance D between two points at which displacement measurement is performed is extremely small, and the size of the device is several. By attaching it to various places such as a steel structure, the deformation state can be grasped effectively, and the danger level at the site position can be displayed with the color of light.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a natural and artificial structure deformed original position display device according to a first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the schematic block diagram of the apparatus of Example 1 measures the deformation (relative displacement) between any two fixed points (between the two piles 11a and 11b in FIG. 1). The measuring unit 12, an LED tube 14 in which a plurality of LED light sources 13 are arranged, and a switch unit 15 that determines the color of the full-color LED lamp 13 that is an LED light source from the deformation amount obtained by the measuring unit 12 are provided. Is. In addition, the power supply device which supplies electric power to the LED tube 14 is abbreviate | omitted.

Although various existing measuring instruments can be used as the measuring unit 12, in order to detect the expansion / contraction state of the distance between the two points, the measurement unit 12 is configured by a combination of a rigid body having little elasticity and an elastic body having elasticity. .
In addition, the LED tube 14 includes a plurality of full-color LED lamps 13 (integrated red LED chip, green LED chip, and blue LED chip) arranged in parallel and covered with a protective pipe 16 to form a tube shape. Is. This LED tube 14 is arranged between the two piles (11a, 11b) so as not to be involved in the relative displacement detection device. The purpose of arranging between the two piles is to make it easier to understand the association between the deformation between the two piles and the discoloration of the LED tube light.
And the switch part 15 is a contact point of the power line of each LED chip which can move according to the deformation | transformation amount (expansion / contraction amount) of the distance between two points, and the switch panel which arranged the nonconductor and the conductor suitably. And consists of

  In FIG. 2, the schematic diagram of the switch part of the measurement part of the natural and artificial structure deformation original position display apparatus of this invention is shown. As shown in FIG. 2, the measurement unit 12 is elastic with the measurement points (11a, 11b) installed at two arbitrary points of the structure and the rigid body 21 connected in series between the measurement points (11a, 11b). A body 22 (in FIG. 2, the elastic body is represented by a schematic diagram of a spring), and a contact point 23 (a contact point of the power line of each LED chip) connected to one measurement point 11a via a joint 27; It is composed of

  The contact point 23 has a switch panel 24 and a contact 25 fixed to the rigid body 21. The contact point 23 is connected to each terminal of each LED chip (13a, 13b, 13c) of the full-color LED lamp 13 constituting the LED tube 14. The common terminal of each LED chip (13a, 13b, 13c) is connected to the negative pole of the power supply device 26. The positive electrode of the power supply device 26 is connected to the conductor portion of the switch panel 24. Although only one LED light source is shown in FIG. 2 for simplicity, a plurality of LED light sources are actually arranged in parallel.

  FIG. 3 is a connection image diagram of contact points and LED chips. The contact point 23 is provided for each terminal of each LED chip (13a, 13b, 13c) of the full-color LED lamp 13, and they are fixed to a common base. Here, for the sake of explanation, the contact point of the red (R) LED chip 13a is 23a, the contact point of the green (G) LED chip 13b is 23b, and the contact point of the blue (B) LED chip 13c is 23c. When the position where these three contact points (23a, 23b, 23c) come into contact with the switch panel 24 moves, the current supplied to each LED chip (13a, 13b, 13c) is turned ON / OFF, and the full color LED The light color of the lamp 13 changes.

FIG. 4A shows an embodiment of the switch panel 24. In the switch panel 24, the central portion 30 is in the neutral position, the moving part 31 of the contact point (23a, 23b, 23c) that moves according to the tensile displacement amount, and the moving part of the contact point that moves according to the compression displacement amount. There are 32.
As shown in FIG. 4B, the positional relationship between the switch panel 24 fixed to the string 21 connected to the measurement point 11b and the contact points (23a, 23b, 23c) connected to the measurement point 11a is shown. As the relative distance between the measurement points (11a, 11b) increases, the contact points (23a, 23b, 23c) simultaneously move to the pulling side 33. On the other hand, when the relative distance between the measurement points (11a, 11b) decreases, the contact points (23a, 23b, 23c) simultaneously move to the compression side.

Next, the configuration of the switch panel 24 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. The switch panel 24 is divided into a red LED chip (R), a green LED chip (G), and a blue LED chip (B). The switch panel for each LED chip is in a state where conductors and non-conductors are appropriately arranged.
Each LED chip switch panel will be described. For the sake of explanation, the switch panel 24 is divided into seven areas A to G. The hatched portion indicates the conductor portion.
In the red LED chip (R) switch panel 24a, the conductor portions are regions A to B, D, and F. In the green LED chip (G) switch panel 24b, the conductor portions are regions B to E. In the blue LED chip (B) switch panel 24c, the conductor portions are regions D to G.

  In the case of this switch panel 24, when the contact points (23a, 23b, 23c) contact at the position of the region A, only the red LED chip (R) switch panel 24a is a conductor portion, and other LED chip switch panels. (24b, 24c) is a non-conductive portion. Therefore, current is supplied only to the red LED chip, and the full color LED lamp 13 displays red light.

  Further, when the contact points (23a, 23b, 23c) are in contact with each other in the region B, the red LED chip (R) switch panel 24a and the green LED chip (G) switch panel 24b are conductive portions, and the blue LED The chip (B) switch panel 24c is a non-conductive portion. Therefore, current is supplied to the red LED chip and the green LED chip, and the full color LED lamp 13 displays yellow light.

  In the case of this switch panel 24, when the contact points (23a, 23b, 23c) contact at the position of the region C, only the green LED chip (G) switch panel 24b is a conductor portion, and other LED chip switch panels. (24a, 24c) are non-conductive portions. For this reason, current is supplied only to the green LED chip, and the full-color LED lamp 13 displays green light.

  When the contact points (23a, 23b, 23c) are in contact with each other in the region D, the red LED chip (R) switch panel 24a, the green LED chip (G) switch panel 24b, and the blue LED chip (B). All of the switch panel 24c is a conductor portion. Therefore, current is supplied to all of the red LED chip, the green LED chip, and the blue LED chip, and the full color LED lamp 13 displays white light.

  Further, when the contact points (23a, 23b, 23c) are in contact with each other in the region E, the green LED chip (G) switch panel 24b and the blue LED chip (B) switch panel 24c are the conductor portions, and the red LED The chip (R) switch panel 24a is a non-conductive portion. Therefore, current is supplied to the green LED chip and the blue LED chip, and the full color LED lamp 13 displays cyan light.

  Further, when the contact points (23a, 23b, 23c) contact at the position of the region F, the red LED chip (R) switch panel 24a and the blue LED chip (B) switch panel 24c are the conductor portions, and the green LED The chip (G) switch panel 24b is a non-conductive portion. Therefore, current is supplied to the red LED chip and the blue LED chip, and the full color LED lamp 13 displays magenta light.

  Finally, when the contact points (23a, 23b, 23c) contact at the position of the region G, only the blue LED chip (B) switch panel 24c is the conductor portion, and the other LED chip switch panels (24a, 24b). ) Is a non-conductive part. For this reason, current is supplied only to the blue LED chip, and the full-color LED lamp 13 displays blue light.

  When the above is graphed, the graph of FIG. 5 is obtained. FIG. 5 shows the setting relationship between the relative displacement and the light color of the full-color LED lamp. Region D is a neutral position corresponding to a state where the deformation amount is within a certain threshold range, regions E to G are positions indicating a state where the compression deformation amount is applied, and regions A to C are This is a position indicating a state in which a tensile deformation amount is applied.

The total length of the switch panel is 80 mm, the central portion is in the neutral position and the width is 2 mm, and the regions A to C and EG are each 10 mm. Since the displacement level varies depending on the observation target, it is possible to design the color to change every 1 mm with a maximum stroke of 7 mm, for example. When the site subject to deformation finer than the maximum stroke of 7 mm (for example, rock slope) is to be observed, a mechanical to electronic device may be used to detect even smaller displacements. .
As described above, the arrangement of the conductors and non-conductors of the switch panel 24 can be freely changed in design, and by this arrangement change, various control of the light color of the full-color LED lamp is possible. In other words, various patterns of switch panels are produced according to the light color control requirements of the full color LED lamp.

(Possible options for making switch panels: Options related to shape)
In the switch panel 24 described above, the red LED chip (R) switch panel 24a, the green LED chip (G) switch panel 24b, and the blue LED chip (B) switch panel 24c are connected in parallel in the displacement direction. .
As a possible option regarding the shape of the switch part, as shown in FIG. 6, a red LED chip (R) switch panel 24a, a green LED chip (G) switch panel 24b, and a blue LED chip (B) switch panel 24c are provided. The one connected in series in the displacement direction can be considered. At this time, the contact points (23a, 23b, 23c) are also arranged at regular intervals in the longitudinal direction of the joint 27. Such a shape-related option can be determined by optimally determining restrictions such as length and size of the entire switch for each site.

(Possible options for manufacturing switch panels: Options related to functions)
Next, a description will be given of a device that generates a light color and an alarm sound as a function option that can be added when a change occurs.
Such a device is further provided with a warning sound generating unit in the above-described natural and artificial structure deformed original position display device, and a non-conductor and a conductor as an ON / OFF switch circuit for supplying current to the warning sound generating unit. And a switch panel appropriately arranged.
FIG. 7 shows a conceptual diagram in which a contact point of an alarm sound generator (alarm buzzer) is added. FIG. 8 shows a switch panel to which such an alarm buzzer function is added. The switch panel shown in FIG. 8 is different in pattern from the above-described switch panel (FIG. 4).

The operation of the switch panel of FIG. 8 will be described. At the neutral position in the region D of the switch panel in FIG. 8, all the LED chip switch panels are conductive, and the full color LED lamp displays white in the neutral state. In the tensile displacement state of the regions A to C, only the red LED chip switch panel is a conductor, and the full color LED lamp displays red. Moreover, in the compression displacement state of area | regions E-G, only the switch panel for blue LED chips is a conductor, and a full color LED lamp displays blue.
The alarm buzzer switch panel is designed so that the conductor is outside the stroke range of each LED chip switch panel. That is, an alarm buzzer is provided when a displacement that exceeds a certain threshold is indicated by the amount of tension or compression displacement.
It will be understood that the switch panel of the present apparatus can be easily added with a function of generating an alarm sound, for example, in addition to controlling the light as described above.

(Applied system of natural and artificial structure deformation in-situ display device)
FIG. 9 shows an example in which the natural and artificial structure deformed original position display device is applied to a natural structure. It is the image figure which built the slope disaster prevention system which monitors dangerous slope or falling rock monitoring using it.
FIG. 10 is an example in which the natural and artificial structure deformation original position display device is applied to a civil engineering structure. It is the image figure which constructed the tunnel deformation monitoring system which arranges it in the tunnel suitably and performs the fall prediction prediction of the face or the deformation detection in the tunnel.
FIG. 11 is an example in which the natural and artificial structure deformation original position display device is applied to a building structure. It is the image figure which constructed | assembled the monitoring system which detects the deformation | transformation of the roof structure located in a sports stadium suitably and located right above a large audience.
FIG. 12 shows an example in which the natural and artificial structure deformation original position display device is applied to a construction machine. It is the image figure which built the monitoring system which arranges it appropriately in a large crane, and detects the change in the environment where the inhabitants and the workers concerned exist.

FIG. 13 is a schematic configuration diagram of the natural and artificial structure deformed original position display device according to the second embodiment. As shown in FIG. 13, the schematic configuration diagram of the apparatus of the second embodiment is a deformation (relative displacement) between any two fixed points (between the two piles 111 a and 111 b) as in the first embodiment. A measurement unit 212 that measures the color, an LED tube 214 in which a plurality of LED light sources 213 are arranged, and a switch unit 216 that determines the color of the LED light source 213 from the amount of deformation obtained by the measurement unit 212. In addition, the power supply device which supplies electric power to LED tube 214 is abbreviate | omitted.
Here, the switch unit 216 includes a displacement speed detection unit including a clock unit 221, a storage unit 222, and a determination processing unit 223. The displacement speed detection unit is an LED of the LED tube 214 that can move according to the deformation amount. The energization state of the contact point 217 and the slide switch 218 of each power source line of the light source and the time are periodically stored in the storage unit 222, and the displacement speed of the contact point 217 is determined by the determination processing unit 223. The length of the slide switch 218, the displacement of the contact point 217, and the light color pattern of the LED tube 214 can be arbitrarily set. For this reason, it becomes possible to deal with displacements of various sizes for a displacement accuracy of about 1 mm or more.

  For example, stability monitoring of rock slopes (need to measure displacement of about 1 mm), stability monitoring of small to medium-scale earth and sand slopes (need to measure displacement of several mm to several centimeters), or It is possible to monitor a large-scale landslide area (for example, it is necessary to stably measure displacement of several tens of centimeters or more per year). In all of these embodiments, the function of measuring the displacement speed (or acceleration) is extremely important in order to enable the prediction of collapse.

  Here, a functional block diagram of the displacement speed (or acceleration) detector is shown in FIG. The displacement speed detection unit takes in the energization state signal between the contact point 217 and the slide switch 218 of each LED light source of the LED tube 214 that the determination processing unit 223 can move according to the deformation amount, and the clock unit 221. The time is grasped from the clock signal sent from and stored in the storage unit 222 periodically. Specifically, the determination processing unit 223 is configured by a CPU, the clock unit 221 is configured by a clock, and the storage unit 222 uses a non-volatile memory that can retain contents even when the power is turned off. The displacement speed is calculated by differentiating the displacement data on the CPU. The displacement acceleration is calculated by differentiating the displacement speed data on the CPU. Note that it is also possible to determine the acceleration by differentiating the displacement data twice on the CPU.

FIG. 14 shows a schematic configuration diagram of the natural and artificial structure deformed original position display device of the third embodiment. As shown in FIG. 14, the schematic configuration diagram of the apparatus according to the third embodiment includes an electric resistance unit (potentiometer) 318 instead of the slide switch 218 according to the second embodiment. Measurement unit 312 for measuring deformation (relative displacement) between the two piles 111a and 111b, LED tube 314 in which a plurality of LED light sources 313 are arranged, and deformation obtained by measurement unit 312 And a switch unit 316 that determines the color of the LED light source 313 from the amount. In addition, the power supply device which supplies electric power to LED tube 314 is abbreviate | omitted.
Here, the switch unit 316 is the same as that of the second embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.
According to the configuration of the third embodiment, it is possible to cope with an accuracy of about 0.1 mm required for crack width monitoring of concrete or the like.

  FIG. 16 shows a schematic configuration diagram of the natural and artificial structure deformed original position display device of the fourth embodiment. As illustrated in FIG. 16, the schematic configuration diagram of the apparatus according to the fourth embodiment is different from the first to third embodiments described above, and includes a measurement unit in the switch unit. The switch unit is obtained by adding a strain gauge unit 420 to the switch unit of the second embodiment. The switch unit includes a strain gauge unit 420, an AD converter 417, and a displacement speed (or acceleration) detection unit 416. The AD converter 417 converts the resistance value signal detected by the strain gauge unit 420, and the displacement rate (or acceleration) detection unit 416 configured by a CPU, a clock, and a memory determines the change rate (or acceleration) of the resistance value. . Therefore, the LED light source unit 413 is controlled. The device itself is small (about several centimeters in size) and can be easily attached to various parts of the structure.

  The natural and man-made structure deformation in-situ display device of the present invention is for the natural structure, civil engineering structure, building structure, and related construction machine as described above during and after the construction of the structure. It can be used to monitor deformation and confirm safety during all periods. Of course, the scope of application need not be limited to that involved in construction, and can be used to monitor the in-situ state of any object present in human life and work space. The range of application can be further expanded by downsizing the apparatus of the present invention.

  FIG. 17 shows an example of installation in a landslide area such as a road slope. Moreover, FIG. 18 has shown the example of monitoring of the crack displacement of a concrete structure. FIG. 19 shows an example of monitoring a minute displacement of a bridge or the like. FIG. 20 shows an example of monitoring a small displacement of the gusset plate which is important in the maintenance management of the steel structure. As shown in FIG. 19 and FIG. 20, the apparatus using the strain gauge of Example 4 is effectively grasped by attaching it to various places such as a steel structure, and the light is displayed. It becomes possible to do. FIG. 22 shows an example of monitoring of a temporary structure at a construction site. Various works are being carried out at the construction site, but in particular, temporary structures are often handled. In order to monitor its safety, the structure of the structural body and the temporary structure are effectively grasped by the apparatus of the present invention.

  In addition, the device for “observing change with the color of light” of the present invention can also be used as a science teaching material in school education. In particular, by using this device in the education of physics of physics, an unprecedented visualization experience of “seeing the force acting on an object with the color of light” becomes possible. By making a jungle gym using pipe-shaped members that change the color of light due to deformation, it becomes possible for children to cultivate the sensitivity of mechanics while playing.

  FIG. 23 shows an example of an apparatus for visualizing the wind speed with the color of light. Even if the displacement between AB in FIG. 23 is not so large, the device of the present invention itself is blown by the wind as indicated by the arrow depending on the wind speed, and deformation occurs. In other words, “seeing the change with the color of light” of the present invention functions as a simple anemometer. FIG. 24 shows an example of use as an anemometer. FIG. 25 shows an example of an apparatus for visualizing principal strain. Displacement between any two points of the frame when a plurality of devices for “observing changes in light color” according to the present invention are used and attached to a frame structure as shown in FIG. Can be visualized immediately. When this frame is considered as a microstructural element, what is displayed with light is displacement in various directions within the microelement, and the main strain (maximum compression direction or maximum tension direction) can be visualized. This is a technology that can be used in educational fields such as structural mechanics and continuum mechanics in universities.

  Furthermore, even in machinery facilities for unspecified number of visitors, such as ferris wheel facilities in amusement parks and roller coaster-related facilities, by displaying the amount of deformation that occurs in each part by the color of light Therefore, the safety can be visually confirmed by a professional engineer and a spectator using the safety on a daily basis.

  FIG. 21 shows an example of monitoring a playground equipment (slide) by using the “observation of change with light color” device of the present invention in a playground equipment (slide) used by children in daily life. As shown in FIG. 26, it is possible to enjoy that the color changes due to wind, snow load, etc. by attaching the “view change with light color” device of the present invention to the Christmas tree. In this way, not only safety monitoring of structures, but also “displacement” that appears in every scene of life is visualized by the color of light, making it safe and secure, a fun and easy-to-understand educational environment, and new entertainment. A flow that leads to the creation of

Schematic configuration diagram of a natural and artificial structure deformation in-situ display device of Example 1 The schematic diagram of the switch part of the measurement part of the natural and artificial structure deformation original position display apparatus of Example 1 Image of connection between contact points and LED chips The figure which shows one Embodiment of a switch panel A graph showing the relationship between the relative displacement and the light color of the full color LED lamp The figure which shows the switch panel of other embodiment. Conceptual diagram with contact point of alarm sound generator (alarm buzzer) added The figure which shows embodiment of the switch panel which added the function of the alarm buzzer Image of building a slope disaster prevention system that monitors dangerous slopes or rock fall monitoring Image of building a tunnel monitoring system Image of building a sports stadium monitoring system Image of building a large crane monitoring system Schematic configuration diagram of the natural and artificial structure deformation in-situ display device of Example 2 Schematic block diagram of the natural and artificial structure deformation in-situ display device of Example 3 Functional block diagram of displacement speed detection means Schematic configuration diagram of the natural and artificial structure deformed original position display device of Example 4 Example of installation in landslide areas such as road slopes Example of monitoring of crack displacement in concrete structures Example of monitoring of small displacements such as bridges An example of monitoring the small displacement of a gusset plate that is important in the maintenance of steel structures Example of playground equipment (slide) monitoring Example of monitoring the temporary structure at a construction site Example of a device that visualizes wind speed with the color of light Example of use as an anemometer Example of equipment for visualizing principal strain Example of a glowing Christmas tree

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Natural and artificial structure deformation original position display apparatus 11, 11a, 11b Measuring point 12 Measuring part 13 Full color LED lamp 13a, 13b, 13c LED chip 14 LED tube 15 Switch part 16 Protection pipe 21 Rigid string 22 Rigidity Low string 23, 23a, 23b, 23c, 24d Contact point 24 Switch panel 26 Power supply 25 Contact 27 Joint 28 Alarm buzzer

Claims (13)

A measurement unit that measures relative displacement between at least two arbitrary measurement points of natural and artificial structures, and a plurality of LED light sources of at least two colors are arranged linearly or spirally on a line connecting the two measurement points. The LED light source unit provided and a switch unit that sets the degree of danger according to the level of deformation of the structure, and determines the color of the LED light source according to the degree of risk from the amount of deformation obtained by the measurement unit And at least comprising
The switch unit is a mechanical structure for turning ON / OFF the current supply from the deformation amount to the LED light source of each color,
The risk of natural and man-made structures to be measured in real time at the original position between the two measurement points is determined by the color of the light from the LED light source unit arranged on the line connecting the two measurement points. A natural and man-made structure deformation original position display device characterized by being able to notify a passerby (car driver, pedestrian). A measurement unit that measures relative displacement between at least two arbitrary measurement points of natural and artificial structures, and a plurality of LED light sources of at least two colors are arranged linearly or spirally on a line connecting the two measurement points A switch unit that sets the degree of danger according to the level of deformation of the LED tube and the structure, and determines the color of the LED light source according to the degree of danger from the amount of deformation obtained by the measurement unit; Comprising at least
The switch unit is a mechanical structure for turning ON / OFF the current supply from the deformation amount to the LED light source of each color,
The risk of natural and man-made structures to be measured in real time at the original position between the two measurement points is determined by the light color of the LED tube arranged on the line connecting the two measurement points . A natural and man-made structure deformed original position display device capable of notifying a passerby (car driver, pedestrian). A measurement unit that measures relative displacement between at least two arbitrary measurement points of natural and artificial structures, and a plurality of LED light sources of at least two colors are arranged linearly or spirally on a line connecting the two measurement points. The LED light source unit provided and a switch unit that sets the degree of danger according to the level of deformation of the structure, and determines the color of the LED light source according to the degree of risk from the amount of deformation obtained by the measurement unit And at least comprising
The switch part is an ON / OFF switch circuit for supplying current from the deformation amount to the LED light source of each color,
The ON / OFF switch circuit includes a switch panel in which non-conductors and conductors are appropriately arranged for each LED light source of each color, and a contact between a power line of the LED light source of each color that can move according to the amount of deformation. Composed of dots and
The risk of natural and man-made structures to be measured in real time at the original position between the two measurement points is determined by the color of the light from the LED light source unit arranged on the line connecting the two measurement points. A natural and man-made structure deformation original position display device characterized by being able to notify a passerby (car driver, pedestrian). A measurement unit that measures relative displacement between at least two arbitrary measurement points of natural and artificial structures, and a plurality of LED light sources of at least two colors are arranged linearly or spirally on a line connecting the two measurement points A switch unit that sets the degree of danger according to the level of deformation of the LED tube and the structure, and determines the color of the LED light source according to the degree of danger from the amount of deformation obtained by the measurement unit; Comprising at least
The switch part is an ON / OFF switch circuit for supplying current from the deformation amount to the LED light source of each color,
The ON / OFF switch circuit includes a switch panel in which non-conductors and conductors are appropriately arranged for each LED light source of each color, and a contact between a power line of the LED light source of each color that can move according to the amount of deformation. Composed of dots and
The risk of natural and man-made structures to be measured in real time at the original position between the two measurement points is determined by the light color of the LED tube arranged on the line connecting the two measurement points . A natural and man-made structure deformed original position display device capable of notifying a passerby (car driver, pedestrian). The switch panel has a neutral position at the center, and a conductor for the first color LED is disposed at the moving portion of the contact point that moves according to the amount of tensile displacement, and moves according to the amount of compressive displacement. 5. The natural and man-made structure deformed in-situ display device according to claim 3 or 4 , wherein a second color LED conductor is disposed at a moving portion of the contact point. 6. A warning sound generation unit is further provided, and a switch panel in which non-conductors and conductors are appropriately arranged is provided as an ON / OFF switch circuit for supplying current to the warning sound generation unit. 5. The natural and artificial structure deformation in-situ display device according to 5. The measurement unit includes a fixed point installed at any two points, a rigid body and an elastic body connected in series between the fixed points, and the contact point connected to one of the fixed points. 6. The natural and artificial structure deformed original position display device according to claim 5 , wherein the switch panel is fixed to the rigid body. The measuring unit includes a fixed point installed at two arbitrary points, a rigid body and an elastic body connected in series between the fixed points, and the contact point connected to the rigid body, and the switch panel Is fixed to one of the fixed points, The natural and artificial structure deformed original position display device according to claim 5 . The switch panel includes a displacement speed detection unit including a clock unit, a storage unit, and a determination processing unit, and the displacement speed detection unit is provided for each LED chip or each color LED light source that can move according to the amount of deformation. energized state of the contact points of the respective power supply lines and the time stored in periodically the storage unit, according to the displacement speed of the contact point to claim 8, wherein the determining by the determination processing section Natural and artificial structure deformation original position display device. The switch panel includes a displacement speed detecting means including an electrical resistance unit, a clock unit, a storage unit, and a determination processing unit, and the electrical resistance unit and the contact point come into contact with each other to thereby change the relative displacement of the contact point. The change of the electric resistance and the time thereof are periodically stored in the storage unit, and the displacement speed of the contact point is determined by the determination processing unit. Item 9. The natural and artificial structure deformation in-situ display device according to Item 8 . The switch unit includes a displacement speed detection unit including a strain gauge unit, a clock unit, a storage unit, and a determination processing unit, and periodically changes the resistance value detected by the strain gauge unit and its time. The natural and artificial structure deformed original position display device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the determination processing unit determines the change rate of the resistance value. The determination processing unit changes an LED lighting pattern of the LED light source unit or the LED tube when a displacement speed of the contact point or a change speed of the resistance value exceeds a predetermined threshold. Item 12. The natural and artificial structure deformed original position display device according to any one of Items 9 to 11 . Arranging the natural and artificial structure deformation original position display device according to any one of claims 1 to 12 to a construction machine used for construction of a natural structure, civil engineering structure, building structure, or civil engineering building structure, A state monitoring and disaster prevention system that monitors the occurrence / progress of deformation or an increase in the degree of danger.