JP2002243403A - Method and device for display of crack amount of tunnel inner wall, etc. - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To simply monitor a crack amount. SOLUTION: The upper fixation part 108 and the lower fixation part 108 of a body panel 101 and the tip of a lever 103 are fixed to a tunnel inner wall surface in such a way that a crack generated in the wall surface is situated between them. After that, when the width of the crack is changed, the lever 103 is moved right and left by following its change. Thereby, a pointer 102 is turned. That is to say, the change in the width of the crack is expanded and displayed as the movement of the tip of the pointer 102.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0002] The present invention mainly relates to a technique for monitoring a change in the amount of cracks generated on an inner wall of a tunnel or the like.

[0003]

[Prior art]

[0004] In a railway tunnel or the like, in order to monitor the transition of a crack (crack) on the inner wall caused by aging or the like, for example, the width of the crack is measured in a periodic inspection or the like.

Conventionally, the measurement of the width of such a crack is made by applying a caliper scale to the cracked portion, reading the scale, or previously drawing a line of various thicknesses on the paper, and measuring the line and the crack. It was done by comparing.

[0006]

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

[0007] According to the conventional technique for monitoring the change in the amount of cracks, it is necessary for a person to look up to the vicinity of the crack and to perform measurement. If this occurs, there is a problem that the measuring operation requires a long time and a large amount of labor.

[0008] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to enable a monitor to more easily monitor the amount of cracks.

[0009]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

[0010] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides, for example,
A crack amount display method for displaying an amount according to a width of a crack generated in an object,

A main body, a pointer pivotally mounted on the main body, and a lever portion pivotally mounted on the pointer and rotating the pointer with respect to the main body with movement with respect to the main body. An installation step of fixedly installing a crack amount indicator having a crack at a crack location,

A display step of continuously displaying the width of the crack or a change in the width according to the position of the pointer on the installed crack amount indicator;

[0013] In the installation step, the main body and the lever portion of the crack amount indicator are respectively fixed to the object with the crack interposed therebetween,

[0014] In the display step, the amount of movement of the lever portion with respect to the main body may be enlarged and displayed as the amount of movement of the tip of the pointer.

According to such a crack amount display method, when the width of the crack changes after the crack amount indicator is fixed to the wall surface, the lever moves in accordance with the change, whereby the pointer is rotated. The change in the width of the crack is enlarged and displayed as the movement of the tip of the pointer.

[0016] Therefore, it is possible to monitor the transition of the crack only by visually recognizing the indicator of the amount of crack in a regular inspection or the like, for example. There is no. In addition, the recording of the width of the crack or the amount of change in the width in the periodic inspection or the like can be performed by recording a photograph or the like from a place away from the crack amount indicator.

[0017] Therefore, it is possible for the observer to more easily monitor the crack amount.

[0018]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described.

First, a first embodiment will be described.

FIG. 1 shows a structure of a crack amount indicator according to the first embodiment.

In the drawing, a represents the front of the crack amount indicator 100, b represents the back, c represents the bottom, and d represents the right side. However, the front and rear (thickness) directions of the crack amount indicator 100 are schematically shown somewhat enlarged so as to clearly show the structure.

As shown in FIG.
Is mainly composed of three members: a main body panel 101, a pointer 102, and a lever 103. Pointer 102
Is pivotally attached to the main body panel 101 with a pin 104, and a lever 103 is
It is mounted swingably. A small hole for fixing the lever is provided at the tip of the lever 103.

The main body panel 101 has a guide portion 106 for suppressing the movement of the pointer 102 in the forward direction, and a guide portion 107 for suppressing the movement of the lever in the vertical and forward directions.
And upper and lower fixing portions 108 each having a small hole for fixing the main body panel, and a cutout portion 106 for allowing the pointer 102 and the lever 103 to move without the pin 105 interfering with the main body panel 101. ing. The main body panel section 101 is provided with a scale 109 and an entry column 110 by printing or the like.

Here, the present crack amount indicator 100 is a substantially card-type device as a whole. Also, the main body panel 101,
The pointer 102 and the lever 103 can be formed by processing a sheet of synthetic resin such as plastic, for example. In this case, the guides 106 and 107
Are the main body panel 101
The sheet can be formed by making two cuts in the sheet having the shape shown in FIG. 1, extruding the space between the cuts, and deforming as shown by e and f in the figure. However, the main body panel 10
1, a part or all of the pointer 102 and the lever 103 may be made of metal or paper.

[0026] The size of the crack amount indicator 100 is, for example, about 11 to 12 cm in length and about 5 to 6 cm in width.
Further, for example, the length from the pin 104 to the tip of the pointer 102 is about 6 to 7 cm, and the length from the pin 104 to the pin 105 is about 6 to 10 mm.

Hereinafter, a method of using the crack amount indicator 100 will be described.

[0028] As shown in FIG.
Is used by fixing it to a cracked wall surface.

That is, the upper and lower fixing portions 1 of the main body panel 101
08 and the tip of the lever 103 are fixed to a wall surface so that a crack is located therebetween. This fixing may be performed by a method in which screws are passed through upper and lower fixing portions 108 of the main body panel 101 and small holes provided at the tip of the lever 103, and these are screwed to the wall surface. The upper and lower fixing portions 108 of the main body panel 101 and the tip of the lever 103 may be bonded to a wall surface with an appropriate adhesive.

Here, at the time of this fixing, the pointer 102 is pointed to the scale 0 or the position of the scale indicating the same value as the width of the crack measured at that time separately measured. In order to fix such hands to a desired scale, it is preferable to use an adhesive tape for temporarily fixing the hands 102 to the main body panel 101. That is, before use, the pointer 102 is temporarily fixed to the main body panel 101 at the position of the scale 0 in advance with an adhesive tape. And guideline 10
When 1 is fixed to the scale 0, the main body panel 101 and the lever 103 are fixed to the wall surface in this temporarily fixed state, and then the adhesive tape is removed. When the pointer 101 is fixed at the position of the scale indicating the same value as the width of the crack at that time, the adhesive tape is temporarily removed, and the pointer 102 is moved to the position of the scale indicating the same value as the width of the crack. Adjust the position and temporarily fix it with adhesive tape again.
1 and the lever 103 are fixed to the wall surface, and then the adhesive tape is removed.

[0031] Now, the crack amount indicator 100
When the width of the crack changes after is fixed to the wall surface, the lever 103 moves to the left and right following the change, whereby the pointer 102 rotates. That is, the change in the width of the crack is enlarged and displayed as the movement of the tip of the pointer 102. When the indicator 102 is fixed with the indicator 102 at the scale 0, the scale indicated by the indicator 102 indicates the amount of change at each time point from the time when the width of the crack is fixed, and the indicator is indicated by the indicator of the crack. When the crack amount indicator 100 is fixed to a scale having the same width, the scale indicated by the pointer 102 indicates the width of the crack at each time point.

Therefore, the change in the crack can be monitored only by visually recognizing the crack amount indicator 100 from a distant place, for example, in a periodic inspection, and a person can approach a crack near the cracked portion. No need. Further, the recording of the width of the crack or the amount of change in the width in the periodic inspection or the like can be performed simply by putting the crack amount indicator 100 in a photograph or the like from a distance.

Further, as described above, the crack amount indicator according to the first embodiment has a simple structure that can be mainly produced by processing a sheet-like material, so that it is extremely lightweight and lightweight. This can be created at low cost.

[0034] The first embodiment of the present invention has been described above.

Hereinafter, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

The second embodiment relates to a crack amount indicator that can be made more robust than that according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 shows the structure of a crack amount indicator 200 according to the second embodiment.

In the drawing, a indicates the front of the crack amount indicator 200, and b indicates the right side.

As shown, the present crack amount indicator 200
Is mainly composed of four members: a main body panel 201, a pointer 202, a lever 203, and a cover 204.

In the figure, c indicates the present crack amount indicator 200 with the cover 204 removed, and d indicates the cross-sectional end taken along the line AA in the figure.
At 06, the lever 203 is swingably attached to the main body panel 201, and the lever 203 is swingably attached to the pointer 202 with the rotating shaft 207. At the end of the lever 203, a small hole for fixing the lever and a triangular protrusion-shaped mark 20 are provided.
8 are provided. Here, the rotating shaft 206 and the rotating shaft 2
07 is composed of, for example, a bolt and a spacer pipe and nut inserted into the bolt.

The main body panel 201 has upper and lower fixing portions 209 provided with small holes for fixing the main body panel, and small holes 210 for fixing the cover. Also, the main body panel 20
1, a scale 211 is provided by printing or the like.

Next, in the figure, e is the back surface of the cover 204, f is the left side surface of the cover 204, g is the right side surface of the cover 204, h
Represents the top surface of the cover 204, and j represents the bottom surface of the cover 204.

As shown in the figure, the cover 204 has a box shape whose back surface is generally open. An entry column 212 is provided on the front of the cover 204. Also, the cover 20
4, a notch 213 is provided on the upper surface so that the pointer 202 can be moved between them. On the right side of the cover 204, the lever 203 is moved up and down and slightly up and down A notch 214 is provided so as to be movable. Also, cover 2
The front and rear four corners of the cover 04 and the back of the lower surface are provided with a cutout for removing water and dust, provided that the crack amount indicator 200 is fixed in any direction so that water, dust and the like do not collect inside the cover. A notch 216 is provided. Also, the cover 20
On the back surface of 4, a flange portion 215 having a screw hole for fixing the cover is provided. Then, the cover 204
Is fixed to the main body panel by inserting a screw into a small hole for fixing the cover provided on the main body panel 201 and screwing it into a screw hole provided on the flange 215 on the back surface of the cover.

The usage of the crack amount indicator 200 according to the second embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, and the upper and lower fixing portions 209 of the main body panel 201 and the tip of the lever 203 are connected to each other. It is used by fixing it to the wall so as to sandwich cracks in the meantime.

However, in the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4A, a temporary fixing member 250 is used for temporarily fixing the pointer 202.

The temporary fixing member 250 is, for example, urethane, rubber or another elastic member having a wedge-shaped lower portion as shown in FIG.
02 is inserted into the notch 213 of the cover 204 so as to be sandwiched between the left and right sides of the notch 251 and held down.
The pointer 202 is used for temporarily fixing. Here, the temporary fixing member 250 has a size and a shape that partially cover the scale 211 of the main body panel 201 when mounted. However, when the pointer 202 is attached, it is easy to fix the pointer 202 at a desired scale 211 position.
Notch 2 up to the position indicated by the first pointer 202
51 is extended so that the position indicated by the pointer 202 on the scale 211 can be visually recognized even during temporary fixing. In this way, by not allowing the entire scale 211 to be read while the temporary fixing member 250 is attached, the user temporarily forgets to remove the temporary fixing member 250 at the start of use, and
02 can be prevented from being temporarily fixed. When the pointer 202 is temporarily fixed at a position other than the zero position of the scale 211, the temporary fixing member 250 may be inserted obliquely as shown in FIG.

In the second embodiment, when the indicator 202 is fixed to the wall surface by pointing the pointer 202 to the position of the scale indicating the same value as the width of the crack at that time, the lever 203 is used. The width of the crack at that time can be measured using the mark portion 208 provided at the tip.

That is, first, the temporary fixing member 250 is removed, the pointer 202 is set to the scale 0, the entire crack amount indicator 200 is moved as it is, and the tip of the mark portion 208 is aligned with one end in the width direction of the crack. . Then, the pointer 202 is rotated by hand until the tip of the mark portion 208 matches the other end in the width direction of the crack. Then, at the position of the pointer 202, the temporary fixing member 250 is mounted again,
The pointer 202 is temporarily fixed, and in this state, the main body panel 201 and the lever 203 are fixed to the wall surface.
The temporary fixing member 250 is removed.

As described above, the second embodiment of the present invention has been described.

Hereinafter, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 5 shows the structure of a crack amount indicator 300 according to the third embodiment.

As shown in the figure, a crack amount indicator 300 according to the third embodiment is an application of the crack amount indicator 200 according to the second embodiment. To the cover 2 of the crack amount indicator 300.
04 has been removed.

As shown in the figure, in the third embodiment, if the lever 203 comes off from the wall surface during use, the pointer 202 can be recognized even from a remote place.
3 that swings one side of the scale (-direction in this example)
01 is provided.

The change in the width of the crack is large,
In the third embodiment, in a case where the lever 2 has been swung to one of the scales, or when the lever 203 has come off from the wall surface during use, it can be recognized even from a distant place. A display 302 such as an LED, two detection switches 303 for detecting the turning of the pointer 202 in the + direction and the-direction, respectively. When the detecting switch 303 detects the turning of the pointer, the display 302 is displayed in a predetermined blinking pattern. , A display control circuit 304 for blinking, and a dry battery 305 for supplying power to these units. Here, even when the hands 202 are not completely swung, the display control circuit 304 blinks the display 302 in a blinking pattern different from the case where the hands 202 are swung completely to keep the dry battery 305 out of battery. So that it can be recognized from a different location. The blinking pattern is, for example, intermittent blinking at intervals of 10 seconds when the pointer 202 is fully swung, and intermittent blinking at intervals of 20 seconds in other cases.

[0055] The third embodiment of the present invention has been described above.

By the way, the structure for fixing the lever 203 to the wall surface in the second and third embodiments described above is shown in FIG. 6A as an example applied to the crack amount indicator 200 according to the second embodiment. As described above, a structure using the fixing piece 401 may be adopted.

That is, as shown in FIG.
The fixing piece 401 is fixed to the wall by passing a screw through a hole 4012 provided at one end of the fixing piece 401, and two long holes 2031 provided at the lever 203 and two holes 4 provided at the other end of the fixing piece 401.
A structure is adopted in which the lever 203 and the fixing piece 401 are fixed by passing bolts through the nuts 011 and tightening with nuts.

[0058] With such a structure, the operator firstly sets the lever 203 and the fixing piece 401 in a state where they are not fixed.
In an approximate positional relationship, the fixing piece 401 and the main body 201 are
After each is fixed to the wall surface, the lever 203 and the fixing piece 401 can be fixed so that the pointer 202 exactly matches the position of the desired scale 211 while adjusting the positional relationship using the elongated hole 2031. That is, according to such a structure, it is easy to install the pointer 202 on the wall surface that is accurately adjusted to the desired scale 211 position.

In the case where such a structure for fixing the lever 203 to the wall surface is adopted, or in other cases, the shape of the lever 203 in the second and third embodiments is as follows.
6a, a partial constriction 2032 is shown as an example of application to the crack amount indicator 200 according to the second embodiment.
May be provided. The constriction 2032 is provided to give the lever 203 flexibility in the vertical direction in the figure. By adopting such a shape, the difference in the movement distance and direction between the left and right movement of the lever 203 and the movement in the rotation direction of the pointer 202, which occur in conjunction with the crack width, is absorbed by the bending of the lever 203. Then lever 2
The pointer 202 can be more smoothly rotated in conjunction with the horizontal movement of the pointer 03.

[0060] The crack amount display devices according to the above embodiments can be applied not only to the display of the crack amount but also to the display of the deformation amount of various objects.

[0061]

【The invention's effect】

As described above, according to the present invention, the observer can more easily monitor the crack amount.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a crack amount indicator according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a use state of a crack amount indicator according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration of a crack amount indicator according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a configuration of a temporary fixing of a pointer of a crack amount indicator according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a configuration of a crack amount indicator according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing another configuration example of the crack amount indicator according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

101: body panel, 102: pointer, 103: lever,
104: pin, 105: pin, 106: guide section, 10
7: guide portion, 108: fixed portion, 109: scale, 11
0: entry field, 201: body panel, 202: pointer, 20
3: lever, 204: cover, 206: rotary shaft, 20
7: rotating shaft, 208: mark part, 209: fixed part, 21
1: scale, 250: temporary fixing member, 301: spring, 30
2: display, 303: detection switch, 304: display control circuit, 305: dry battery

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A crack amount display method for displaying an amount corresponding to a width of a crack generated in an object, comprising: a main body; a pointer swingably mounted on the main body; An installation step of fixedly installing a crack amount indicator having a lever portion for rotating the pointer with respect to the body with the movement of the body with respect to the body at a crack location; and displaying the installed crack amount. And a display step of continuously displaying the width of the crack or a change in the width according to the position of the pointer on the container. In the setting step, the main body and the lever portion of the crack amount indicator are provided. Is sandwiched between the cracks,
The method according to claim 1, wherein the moving amount of the lever relative to the main body is enlarged and displayed as the moving amount of the tip of the pointer in the displaying step. 2. A crack amount indicator for displaying an amount corresponding to a width of a crack generated in an object, comprising: a main body; a pointer swingably mounted on the main body; When the body and the lever of the crack amount indicator are respectively fixed to the object with the crack interposed therebetween, the change in the width of the crack The lever moves with respect to the main body in accordance with the movement of the lever, and the pointer rotates with respect to the main body in accordance with the movement of the lever. A crack amount indicator, which is enlarged and displayed as an amount. 3. The crack amount indicator according to claim 2, wherein the main body has a limiter structure for limiting a rotatable range of the pointer, and the crack amount indicator indicates the pointer by the pointer. A biasing member which biases the pointer to one end of a rotatable range of the pointer when the pointer and the lever are in a free state. Crack amount indicator. 4. The crack amount indicator according to claim 3, wherein the crack amount indicator indicates when the pointer is swung over the one end of the rotatable range of the pointer. A crack amount indicator having a lever part detachment state indicator. 5. The crack amount indicator according to claim 1, wherein said main body has a limiter structure for limiting a rotatable range of said hands, and said crack amount indicator is such that said hands have said hands. Characterized in that it has a shake-off state indicator that indicates when it is shaken to any end of the rotatable range of the crack amount. 6. A crack amount indicator according to claim 2, 3, 4 or 5, and a temporary fixing member which is detachably attached to said crack amount indicator and temporarily fixes said pointer to said main body. A crack amount indicator set comprising: 7. The crack amount indicator set according to claim 6, wherein a scale indicated by a tip of the pointer is displayed on a main body of the crack amount indicator. A crack amount indicator set, wherein the scale is at least partially covered by the crack amount indicator. 8. The crack amount indicator set according to claim 7, wherein the temporary fixing member is configured to move a portion of the scale indicated by the tip of the pointer when attached to the crack amount indicator. A crack amount indicator set, wherein the portion is made visible from the outside without being covered. 9. The crack amount indicator according to claim 2, wherein said main body has a substantially sheet-like shape, and said crack amount indicator has a substantially card-like shape as a whole. Crack amount indicator. 10. A deformation amount display for displaying an amount corresponding to a deformation amount generated in an object, comprising: a main body; a pointer swingably mounted on the main body; Having a mounted lever portion, when the main body and the lever portion of the deformation amount indicator are respectively fixed to the object, between a fixing portion of the main body and a fixing portion of the lever portion. The lever portion moves with respect to the main body with the resulting deformation, and the pointer pivots with respect to the main body with the movement of the lever portion. A deformation amount indicator, which is enlarged and displayed as a movement amount of a tip. 11. A deformation amount indicator for displaying an amount corresponding to a deformation amount generated in an object, comprising: a main body; a pointer swingably mounted on the main body; A lever portion mounted on the main body for rotating the pointer with respect to the main body as the main body is moved relative to the main body; the main body includes a main body fixing structure used to fix the main body to the object. The lever portion has a lever fixing structure used to fix the lever portion to the object, and a movement amount of the lever portion with respect to the main body is enlarged as a movement amount of a tip of the pointer. A deformation amount indicator characterized by being displayed.