JP5319949B2 - Wiring equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wiring apparatus which is interposed between a main earth leakage breaker and a load in each user, has a load cutoff function for protection against leakage and excess current, works as a wall-embedded plug receptacle, a table-tap type plug receptacle, a plug receptacle built in electrical equipment, etc., and surely carries out protective operation with a single switching unit to reduce loss due to the switching unit and space required. <P>SOLUTION: At an abnormality determining unit 26, a determining circuit 30 detects leakage based on output from a zero-phase current transformer 28 via a filter 29, and gives a trip signal to a switching unit 22 to cut off a load. When a ground line 31 is provided, a connection determining unit 41 determines whether connections among a power line 23, a neutral line 24, and the ground line 31 are proper, and displays the result of determination on a display/warning unit 27. Hence the connection error is eliminated, so that protective operation is surely carried out even if the switching unit 22 is disposed on only the power line 23 to reduce loss due to the switching unit 22 and space required. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a wiring device realized as an outlet, a table tap, or the like.

  In each consumer such as a dwelling unit or a business office, the current power line is drawn in as a trunk connected to a commercial power source (which may be equipped with a private power source as appropriate) 2 in the distribution board 1 as shown in FIG. This is done by branching from the earth leakage breaker 3 to a plurality of branch breakers 4 and connecting the distribution line 5 exiting the distribution board 1 to a load 6. The main earth leakage breaker 3 is defined as an earth leakage breaker according to the extension regulations. Further, in the wiring device 7 realized as a wall-embedded outlet interposed between each distribution line 5 and the load 6, a table tap type outlet, or an outlet built in an electric device, the viewpoint of ensuring electrical safety From the above, the above-mentioned extension regulations stipulate that a wiring apparatus used around water or outdoors is provided with a leakage detection function.

  In the wiring device 7 of FIG. 3, an open / close unit 8 and a zero-phase current transformer (ZCT) 9 are provided between the distribution line 5 and the load 6, and the control circuit 11 is a control power source created by the power source unit 10. The leakage current is detected by measuring the voltage across the terminals of the resistor connected between the terminals of the secondary winding (not shown) of the zero-phase current transformer 9, and a leakage of a predetermined amount or more is detected from the detection result. When detected, the opening / closing part 8 is shut off.

Recently, an outlet with a ground electrode has been used for such a countermeasure against electric leakage and noise countermeasures for computers and the like. However, the outlet with the grounding electrode cannot exert its intended effect if the wiring is missed or the grounding wire is disconnected (floating). Therefore, in Patent Document 1, in an outlet with a grounding electrode, the same impedance element is inserted between the power supply electrode and the neutral electrode and between the power supply electrode and the grounding electrode, and the voltage is measured. The result shows that the polarity of the wiring between the neutral electrode and the ground electrode can be easily checked.
JP 2006-53006 A

  By mounting the prior art of Patent Document 1 on the wiring device 7 of FIG. 3, it is possible to realize a wiring device with a protective function that prevents a wiring mistake. However, when such many functions are packed, the wiring device becomes large, and it becomes difficult to embed it in an existing box or mount it in an electric device. There is also a problem of loss that always occurs in the opening / closing part 8.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a wiring device with a leakage detection function capable of reducing the size and saving power while performing a protective operation.

Wiring device of the present invention is interposed between the load and the main breaker in each consumer, said power supply poles which a load is connected, the wiring device having a neutral pole and a ground pole, the power supply pole, medium sex electrode and the ground electrode, whether the corresponding power supply line, of the neutral and ground wires, whether the ground wire is disconnected, and replaced by the said power supply line and the neutral line occurs and determining connection determination unit for determining a display unit for displaying the determination result of the connection determination unit, and an abnormality determination unit for detecting at least one of an overcurrent or leakage current, it is provided only between the power supply line of the power supply electrode And an open / close unit that responds to a determination result of the abnormality determination unit and is blocked when an abnormality occurs.

According to the above structure, in each customer such as dwelling units and offices, (sometimes provided with a self-generating power source) connected to a commercial power source is interposed between the trunk (earth leakage) breaker and load, In a wiring device having a power pole (hot side), a neutral pole, and a grounding pole, for example, a single-phase 100V wall-embedded outlet, a table tap-type outlet, or an outlet built in an electrical device. When performing a protection operation against at least one of current and electric leakage, the corresponding power line and neutral line are not interchanged (misconnected) in the power source electrode and neutral electrode , and the ground wire corresponding to the ground electrode is disconnected. In addition , a connection determination unit that determines whether or not the connection is appropriate is provided with a display unit that displays the determination result. An opening / closing unit driven by a trip signal from the abnormality determination unit for detecting the abnormality is provided only between the power supply line and the power supply electrode.

  Therefore, since the display is performed when the three wires including the ground wire are not properly connected to the corresponding electrodes, such a connection error should be eliminated. Even if it is provided only between the power supply line and the power supply electrode, the protective operation can be reliably performed. This makes it possible to reduce the problem of loss and space caused by the opening / closing part by using one opening / closing part.

In the wiring device of the present invention, the connection determination unit includes a voltage dividing resistor provided between the power line and the neutral line and between the neutral line and the ground line, and a voltage dividing by the voltage dividing resistor. A voltage detection circuit that detects a voltage and a determination circuit that performs the determination based on a detection result of the voltage detection circuit are provided.

  According to the above configuration, in the case of a single-phase 100V in which one of the power supply lines is a neutral line, the connection between the neutral line and the power supply line (hot side) is likely to be wrong. Divide the voltage between the wire (probable one side) and the neutral wire (probable other side) and the voltage between the neutral wire (probable other side) and the ground wire. A determination circuit consisting of a logic circuit measures the resistance and voltage detection circuit, compares the measurement results (a voltage appears between the power line and the neutral line, and the neutral line and the ground line If no voltage is output between them, it is correctly connected. In other cases, it is determined that they are not correctly connected or a disconnection has occurred), and these wiring errors can be detected. Thus, the connection state can be detected by a relatively simple voltage detection circuit and logic circuit.

Furthermore, in the wiring device according to the present invention, the connection determination unit includes a series circuit of first and second impedance elements that cause a detection current to flow from the power supply line to the ground line, and the first and second impedance elements. A high-impedance element having one end connected to the connection point and having a sufficiently higher impedance than the second impedance element; a capacitor connected between the other end of the high-impedance element and the neutral line; and It is characterized by comprising a determination circuit that detects the charging voltage and makes the above determination from the detection result.

  According to the above configuration, when the power line, the neutral line, and the ground line are properly connected, the capacitor is hardly charged by the high impedance element, and the ground line is disconnected. When the power line and the neutral line are interchanged, charging is performed with the opposite polarity.

  Therefore, a detection current is allowed to flow from the power supply line to the ground line, and the determination circuit can detect a wiring error from the path through which the detection current flows.

  In the wiring device of the present invention, the connection determining unit is characterized in that the impedance element is connected to a power supply line by capacitor coupling.

  According to the above configuration, by using a coupling capacitor as a high withstand voltage element, even if the connection determination unit is provided, the withstand voltage can be maintained at the commercial power frequency between the ground line and the power line, In addition, the coupling capacitor can be operated as a filter for high frequency components such as noise.

Wiring device of the present invention, as described above, at each customer such as dwelling units and offices, is interposed between the main breaker and the load connected to a commercial power source, power pole, neutral pole and ground In a wiring device having a pole and realized as, for example, a single-phase 100V wall-embedded outlet, a table tap-type outlet, or an outlet built in an electric device, etc., when performing a protection operation against at least one of overcurrent and electric leakage The connection determination unit for determining whether the power supply electrode and the neutral electrode are properly connected without the corresponding power supply wire and the neutral wire being interchanged and the ground wire corresponding to the ground electrode is not disconnected. In addition, a display unit for displaying the determination result is provided, and display is performed when the three wires including the ground wire are not properly connected to the corresponding electrodes. Such a connection error is should have been eliminated, provided only during the opening and closing portion of the protective action is driven by the trip signal from the abnormality determination unit for detecting the abnormality from the power supply line of the power supply poles.

  Therefore, it is possible to reduce the problem of loss and the space caused by the opening / closing part by using only one opening / closing part while reliably performing the protection operation.

  In the wiring device of the present invention, as described above, the connection determination unit is appropriately connected from the voltage between the power line and the neutral line and the voltage between the neutral line and the ground line. It is determined whether or not.

  Therefore, the connection state can be detected by a relatively simple voltage detection circuit and logic circuit.

Furthermore, in the wiring device of the present invention, as described above, the connection determination unit is connected to the series circuit of the first and second impedance elements that cause the detection current to flow from the power line to the ground line, and the first and second A high impedance element having one end connected to a connection point of the two impedance elements, a capacitor connected between the other end of the high impedance element and the neutral wire, and detecting a charging voltage of the capacitor, And a determination circuit that determines whether the connection is appropriate based on the detection result.

  Therefore, a detection current is allowed to flow from the power line to the ground line, and the determination circuit can detect a wiring error from the path through which the detection current flows.

  Further, as described above, the wiring device of the present invention connects the impedance element to the power supply line by capacitor coupling.

  Therefore, by using a coupling capacitor as a high withstand voltage element, even if the connection determination unit is provided, the withstand voltage can be maintained at the commercial power frequency between the ground line and the power line, and noise and the like can be maintained. For high frequency components, the coupling capacitor can be operated as a filter.

[Embodiment 1]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an electrical configuration of a wiring fixture 21 with a leakage detection function according to the first embodiment of the present invention. This wiring device 21 is realized at the end of the distribution line 5 extending from the distribution board 1 shown in FIG. 3 described above as a wall-embedded outlet, a table tap type outlet, an outlet built in an electric device, or the like. When power is supplied to the load 6 such as a leak and a leakage occurs, the load is cut off as will be described later. Therefore, the wiring device 21 includes an opening / closing unit 22 that cuts off the load, internal distribution lines 23 and 24 connected to the distribution line 5, and a power supply unit 25 that extracts a control power source from the distribution lines 23 and 24. And when operating with the control power source obtained by the power supply unit 25 and detecting a leakage, an abnormality determination unit 26 that shuts off the opening and closing unit 22 and a leakage detection by the abnormality determination unit 26, And a display alarm unit 27 that notifies the user. Although the present embodiment has been described with leakage detection, the protection operation may be performed by overcurrent detection, or may be performed by both leakage detection and overcurrent detection.

  The power supply unit 25 includes a diode bridge and a stabilized power supply circuit. The abnormality determination unit 26 includes a zero-phase current transformer (ZCT) 28 interposed in the distribution lines 23 and 24, a filter 29 that removes noise components from the output of the zero-phase current transformer 28, and the filter 29 And a determination circuit 30 for determining leakage from the output.

  In the wiring device 21 with a leakage detection function configured as described above, it should be noted that in the present embodiment, the wiring device 21 is provided with a ground electrode 32 connected to the ground wire 31. Whether or not the ground line 31 is connected, and to the ground line 31, the distribution line 23 that is a power line and the distribution line 24 that is a neutral line respectively correspond to a ground electrode 32 and a power line 33. In addition, a connection determination unit 41 that determines whether or not it is properly connected to the neutral electrode 34 is provided. Correspondingly, the switching unit 22 is connected to the power supply electrode 33 from the distribution line 23 that is a power supply line. It is provided only between. And the connection determination part 41 alert | reports to a user from the said display alarm part 27, when not connected appropriately. Further, the opening / closing part 22 may be blocked.

  The connection determination unit 41 includes a voltage dividing resistor R1 provided between the distribution line 23 that is a power line and the distribution line 24 that is a neutral line, and between the distribution line 24 that is a neutral line and the ground line 31. , R2; R3, R4, voltage detection circuits 42, 43 for detecting a divided voltage by the voltage dividing resistors R1, R2; R3, R4, and the detection results of the voltage detection circuits 42, 43 are appropriately connected. And a determination circuit 44 for determining whether or not the Here, in the case of a single-phase 100V in which one of the power supply lines is a neutral line, the connection between the neutral line and the power supply line (hot side) is likely to be wrong. Therefore, the connection determination unit 41 determines the voltage between the distribution line 23 on one side that seems to be a power line and the distribution line 24 on the other side that seems to be a neutral line, and the other side that seems to be a neutral line. The voltage between the distribution line 24 and the ground line 31 is measured using the voltage dividing resistors R1, R2; R3, R4 and the voltage detection circuits 42, 43. Compare As a result, if a voltage is generated between the power line and the neutral line and no voltage is generated between the neutral line and the ground line, the wiring is correctly performed. Otherwise, the wiring is not correctly performed. Alternatively, it is possible to detect such wiring mistakes by determining that a disconnection has occurred. In this way, the connection state can be detected by the determination circuit 44 including the relatively simple voltage detection circuits 42 and 43 and the logic circuit.

  By configuring in this way, in the wiring device 21 that is used around the water and has a load breaking function by detecting leakage, the three wires 31, 23, 24 including the ground wire 31 are connected to the corresponding electrodes 32, 33, 34. Since the display is performed when not properly connected, such a connection error should be eliminated. For this reason, the opening / closing part 22 for protection operation is connected from the distribution line 23 which is a power supply line to the power supply electrode 33. Even if it is provided only between the two, a protective operation can be performed reliably. As a result, it is possible to reduce the problem of loss and space caused by the opening / closing part 22 by using one opening / closing part 22. For example, when the opening / closing part 22 is provided in each of the distribution lines 23 and 24, loss during energization due to contact resistance or the like increases. The countermeasure against heat due to this conduction loss has a problem that the outer shape becomes large for heat dissipation. Furthermore, there is a problem that the drive unit (determination circuit 30) that drives the two opening / closing units simultaneously becomes complicated and the operation time becomes long.

[Embodiment 2]
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an electrical configuration of a wiring device 51 with a leakage detection function according to the second embodiment of the present invention. This wiring device 51 is similar to the above-described wiring device 21, and corresponding portions are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. It should be noted that in the wiring device 51, the connection determination unit 52 is different from the connection determination unit 41 described above. Specifically, the connection determination unit 52 includes a series circuit of a coupling capacitor C1 that supplies a detection current from the distribution line 23 that is the power line to the ground line 32 and a voltage dividing resistor R11 and R12 that are impedance elements, A resistor R13 which is a high impedance element having one end connected to a connection point of the voltage dividing resistors R11 and R12, and a capacitor C2 connected between the other end of the resistor R13 and the distribution line 24 which is the neutral wire A Zener diode ZD connected in parallel with the capacitor C2, a series circuit of a resistor R14 and a diode D connecting the other end of the resistor R13 to the ground line 31, and a charging voltage of the capacitor C2, And a determination circuit 54 that determines whether or not the connection is appropriate based on the detection result.

  Therefore, when the ground line 31 is connected from R13 >> R12, the charging current to the capacitor C2 does not flow, the charging voltage of the capacitor C2 is low, and the ground line 31 is disconnected (floated). The path through which the detection current flows changes, the charging current to the capacitor C2 flows, and the charging voltage of the capacitor C2 increases, and the determination circuit 54 detects disconnection (floating) from the change in the current path. be able to. Further, when the charging voltage of the capacitor C2 has a reverse polarity, the determination circuit 54 determines that the distribution line 23 that is a power supply line and the distribution line 24 that is a neutral line are mistakenly connected.

  The Zener diode ZD is a protective element provided so that the charging voltage of the capacitor C2 does not become too high. A Zener diode or the like may be used instead of the resistor R13. Further, the branch circuit from the resistor R13 is not directly connected to the power supply line 24, which is a neutral line, but is connected to the circuit ground and connected to the power supply line 24 via the power supply unit 25. The effect of can be obtained.

  With this configuration, the determination circuit 54 can detect a wiring mistake from the path through which the detection current flows.

  Also, it should be noted that in the connection determination unit 52, impedance elements such as the voltage dividing resistors R11 and R12 are connected to the distribution line 23 which is a power supply line by coupling by the capacitor C1. Therefore, by using the coupling capacitor C1 as a high withstand voltage element, even if the connection determination unit 52 is provided, the withstand voltage is reduced between the ground line 31 and the distribution line 23 that is the power supply line at the commercial power supply frequency. The coupling capacitor C1 can be operated as a filter for high frequency components such as noise.

It is a block diagram which shows the electrical constitution of the wiring appliance with a leak detection function which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the electric constitution of the wiring appliance with a leak detection function which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating drawing of the general power line to a dwelling unit or a business establishment.

1 Distribution board 2 Commercial power supply 3 Main earth leakage breaker 4 Branch breaker 5 Distribution line 6 Load 21, 51 Wiring device 22 Opening / closing part 23 Distribution line (power line)
24 Distribution lines (neutral wires)
25 Power supply unit 26 Abnormality determination unit 27 Display alarm unit 28 Zero-phase current transformer (ZCT)
29 Filter 30, 44, 54 Determination circuit 31 Ground line 32 Ground electrode 33 Power supply electrode 34 Neutral electrode 41, 52 Connection determination part R1, R2; R3, R4 Voltage dividing resistor 42, 43 Voltage detection circuit C1 Coupling capacitor R11, R12 Voltage dividing resistor (impedance element)
R13, R14 Resistor C2 Capacitor ZD Zener diode D Diode

Claims (4)

Is interposed between the load and the main breaker in each consumer, said power supply poles which a load is connected, the wiring device having a neutral pole and ground electrode,
Said power supply poles, the neutral pole and ground electrode, the corresponding power supply line, of the neutral and ground wires, whether the grounding line is broken, and are swapped in and the power line and the neutral line A connection determination unit that determines whether or not it occurs ,
A display unit for displaying a determination result of the connection determination unit;
An abnormality determination unit for detecting at least one of overcurrent or leakage current;
A wiring device comprising: an opening / closing unit provided only between the power supply line and the power supply electrode, and responding to a determination result of the abnormality determination unit and shut off when an abnormality occurs. The connection determination unit
A voltage dividing resistor provided between the power line and the neutral line and between the neutral line and the ground line;
A voltage detection circuit for detecting a divided voltage by the voltage dividing resistor;
The wiring device according to claim 1, further comprising a determination circuit configured to perform the determination based on a detection result of the voltage detection circuit. The connection determination unit
A series circuit of first and second impedance elements for flowing a detection current from the power supply line to the ground line;
A high-impedance element having one end connected to a connection point of the first and second impedance elements and having a sufficiently higher impedance than the second impedance element;
A capacitor connected between the other end of the high impedance element and the neutral wire;
The wiring device according to claim 1, further comprising: a determination circuit configured to detect the charging voltage of the capacitor and perform the determination based on the detection result.   The wiring device according to claim 3, wherein the connection determination unit is configured such that the impedance element is connected to a power supply line by capacitor coupling.

Images