JP7361315B2 - Power relay equipment, power supply system and power distribution system - Google Patents

Description

The present disclosure relates to a power relay device, a power supply system, and a power distribution system. More specifically, the present disclosure provides a power relay device that relays between one outlet of a plurality of outlets that outputs power supplied from a power system and an output section of a distributed power source, and a power source equipped with the power relay device. The present invention relates to a system and a power distribution system including the power relay device.

2. Description of the Related Art A residential manual power switching device described in Patent Document 1 is known as a means for supplying power to a building's power distribution system during a power outage. This manual power switching device for residential use includes a switching switch that switches between a regular power source and an emergency power source. Under normal conditions, the switching switch is manually connected to the utility power source, and power from the utility power source is output to the building's power distribution system. In an emergency, the switching switch is manually connected to the emergency power source, and power from the emergency power source is output to the building's power distribution system.

Utility model registration No. 3113914

In the residential manual power switching device described in Patent Document 1, when installing the residential manual power switching device in a building, it is necessary to perform large-scale electrical work on the distribution board etc. installed in the building. Yes, it costs a lot of money.

An object of the present disclosure is to provide a power relay device, a power supply system, and a power distribution system that can supply power from a distributed power source to a building power distribution system with an inexpensive configuration.

A power relay device according to one aspect of the present disclosure relays between one outlet of a plurality of outlets that outputs power supplied from a power system and an output section of a distributed power source. The power relay device includes an input plug and an output plug. The input plug is connected to the output section of the distributed power source. The output plug is connected to the one outlet. The input plug and the output plug are each male plugs. The power relay device includes a relay-side switch that connects and disconnects an electric path between the input plug and the output plug depending on the closed state and the open state. Electric power from the power grid is distributed to the plurality of outlets via a grid-side switch. The grid-side switch conducts or interrupts electrical paths between the power grid and the plurality of outlets depending on the closed state and open state. The power relay device includes an opening/closing detection section that detects whether the grid-side switch is in an open state. The relay side switch is controlled to change from the open state to the closed state when the opening/closing detection section detects that the system side switch is in the open state. The output plug has an N-phase pole and a ground pole. The opening/closing detection section detects whether or not the system-side switch is in an open state based on an impedance value between the N-phase pole of the output plug and the ground pole.

A power supply system according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes the power relay device and the distributed power source.

A power distribution system according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes the power relay device and a grid power distribution system. The power grid distribution system distributes power supplied from the power grid to the plurality of outlets via the first switch. The first switch conducts or interrupts an electric path between the power system and the plurality of outlets depending on a closed state or an open state.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present disclosure has the advantage that power from a distributed power source can be supplied to a building's power distribution system with an inexpensive configuration.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a power relay device, a grid power distribution system, and a distributed power source according to an embodiment. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the operation of the continuity detection section of the power relay device same as above. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the operation of the pseudo earth leakage circuit of the power relay device same as above. FIG. 4A is a side view of the output plug of the above power relay device as seen from the side with a portion thereof seen through. FIG. 4B is a front view of the contact surface of the output plug same as above. FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the power relay device same as above. FIG. 6 is a block diagram of each of a power relay device and a power grid distribution system according to Modification 2. FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a power relay device according to Modifications 3 and 4. FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a power relay device according to modification 5. FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a power relay device according to modification 6. FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a power relay device according to modification 7.

(Embodiment)
A power relay device 1 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the power relay device 1 relays between one outlet 3 a of the plurality of outlets 3 that output power from the power system 2 and the output section 4 a of the distributed power source 4 . Thereby, power from the distributed power source 4 is supplied to other outlets 3b among the plurality of outlets 3. As a result, even if the power supply from the power system 2 is stopped due to a disaster such as an earthquake or a typhoon, the distributed power source 4 can supply power to the electrical devices 5 connected to other outlets 3b. The power relay device 1 will be described in detail below.

First, before explaining the power relay device 1 in detail, the power grid distribution system 10 installed in a building will be explained. The power grid distribution system 10 is a system that distributes power from the power grid 2 to a plurality of outlets 3 installed in a building.

The grid power distribution system 10 receives power from the power grid 2 via the pole transformer 6 . More specifically, the power from the power system 2 is high voltage (for example, 6600V) single-phase two-wire AC power. The power system 2 and the pole transformer 6 are connected by two electric lines. Electric power from the power system 2 is transmitted from the power system 2 to the pole transformer 6 through two electric lines. The pole transformer 6 steps down the power from the power system 2 into single-phase three-wire AC power of a predetermined voltage (for example, 100V or 200V). The pole transformer 6 and the grid power distribution system 10 are connected through three electric lines. The electric power stepped down by the pole transformer 6 is transmitted from the pole transformer 6 to the grid power distribution system 10 through three electric lines.

The pole transformer 6 includes a primary coil 61 and a secondary coil 62 wound around an iron core. Two electric lines from the power system 2 are connected to both ends of the primary coil 61. Three electric lines from the power distribution system 10 are connected to both ends and the center of the secondary coil 62, respectively. The three electrical circuits are an L1 phase electrical circuit, an L2 phase electrical circuit, and an N phase electrical circuit, respectively. The N-phase circuit is connected to the center of the secondary coil 62. In the N-phase circuit, a branch point B1 of the N-phase circuit is grounded at a grounding point A1. The electrical resistance at the ground point A1 is, for example, 10Ω or less. The L1 phase circuit and the L2 phase circuit are each connected to both ends of the secondary coil 62. A voltage of 100V is applied to each of the L1 phase circuit and the L2 phase circuit with the N phase circuit as a reference.

The grid power distribution system 10 includes a main electrical circuit 11, a plurality of branch electrical circuits 12, a distribution board 13, a plurality of outlets 3, and a smart meter 14.

The main electrical line 11 is an electrical line that connects the pole transformer 6 and the grid power distribution system 10, and is drawn into the grid power distribution system 10. The main electrical circuit 11 is composed of the three electrical circuits (L1 phase electrical circuit, L2 phase electrical circuit, and N phase electrical circuit).

The plurality of branch electric circuits 12 are electric circuits branching from a plurality of branch points on the main electric circuit 11, and are electric circuits that connect the main electric circuit 11 and the plurality of outlets 3. Each of the plurality of branch electric circuits 12 is composed of two electric circuits. The plurality of outlets 3 include an L1 side outlet 3 and an L2 side outlet 3. The outlet 3 on the L1 side is connected to the L1 phase circuit and the N phase circuit of the main circuit 11 by two circuits of a branch circuit 12. The outlet 3 on the L2 side is connected to the L2 phase circuit and the N phase circuit of the main circuit 11 by two circuits of a branch circuit 12.

The distribution board 13 is a device that distributes the power transmitted from the pole transformer 6 through the main electrical line 11 to the plurality of outlets 3. The distribution board 13 includes a branch circuit 131, a main breaker 132, a plurality of branch breakers 133, and a plurality of ground terminals 134.

The branch circuit 131 is a circuit that distributes the power transmitted through the main power line 11 to the plurality of outlets 3. The branch circuit 131 includes a main electrical circuit 11 (more specifically, a portion of the main electrical circuit 11 drawn into the distribution board 13) and a plurality of branch electrical circuits 12.

The master breaker 132 (first switch, system-side switch) is provided upstream of a plurality of branch points in the main electrical circuit 11. The main breaker 132 is provided downstream of the pole transformer 6 in the main electrical circuit 11 . In this embodiment, the master breaker 132 is provided in the main electrical circuit 11, but it may be provided in any position on the electrical circuit between the power system 2 and the plurality of outlets 3. The main breaker 132 is switched to an open state or a closed state depending on whether the amount of current flowing through the main circuit 11 exceeds a specified value. The master breaker 132 conducts and interrupts the main electrical circuit 11 (the electrical circuit between the power system 2 and the plurality of outlets 3) depending on the closed state and the open state. The main breaker 132 conducts and interrupts power transmitted to the plurality of outlets 3 all at once.

Note that when the main breaker 132 interrupts the main electrical circuit 11, it means that all three electrical circuits that constitute the main electrical circuit 11 are cut off, and when the main breaker 132 conducts the main electrical circuit 11, it means that the main electrical circuit 11 is electrically connected. The purpose is to make all three electrical paths conductive.

The master breaker 132 has an earth leakage detection circuit 132a. The leakage detection circuit 132a detects whether or not the current flowing through the main circuit 11 via the master breaker 132 (that is, the current supplied from the power system 2 to the plurality of outlets 3) is leaking. When the leakage detection circuit 132a does not detect a leakage, it maintains the main breaker 132 in a closed state and maintains the main electrical path 11 in a conductive state. Further, when detecting a current leakage, the earth leakage detection circuit 132a switches the main breaker 132 from the closed state to the open state, thereby interrupting the main electrical circuit 11. The main breaker 132 can be manually switched to an open state or a closed state. Therefore, when the main breaker 132 is switched from the closed state to the open state, it is possible to make the main circuit 11 conductive by manually switching the main breaker 132 from the open state to the closed state.

The earth leakage detection circuit 132a operates (that is, starts) using the voltage from the power system 2 supplied through the main electric line 11 as an operating voltage. In this embodiment, the earth leakage detection circuit 132a operates using the voltage between the L1 phase circuit and the L2 phase circuit of the main circuit 11 (ie, 200 V) as the operating voltage. Therefore, in this embodiment, as will be described later, the output voltage (100V) of the distributed power source 4 and the applied voltage (for example, 100V) at the time of continuity detection of the power relay device 1 are insufficient for operating voltage. Circuit 132a does not operate.

The plurality of branch breakers 133 correspond one-to-one to the plurality of branch electric circuits 12 and are provided in the corresponding branch electric circuits 12. The plurality of branch breakers 133 switch to an open state or a closed state depending on whether the amount of current flowing in the corresponding branch circuit 12 satisfies a predetermined condition, and switch the corresponding branch circuit breaker according to the closed state or the open state. 12 is conductive and disconnected. The above predetermined condition is, for example, that a current of a predetermined value (for example, 20 A) flows through the branch circuit 12 for a predetermined time (for example, one hour). The plurality of branch breakers 133 individually conduct and interrupt the power transmitted to the plurality of outlets 3 for each outlet 3. Note that when the branch breaker 133 interrupts the branch electrical circuit 12, it means that all two electrical circuits forming the branch electrical circuit 12 are cut off, and when the branch breaker 133 conducts the branch electrical circuit 12, it means that the branch electrical circuit 12 is configured. The purpose is to make all two electrical paths conductive.

The plurality of ground terminals 134 are terminals used when grounding the E-phase pole (ground pole) of each outlet 3, which will be described later. Each of the plurality of ground terminals 134 is grounded to a ground point A2. The electrical resistance at the ground point A2 is, for example, 100Ω or less. The E-phase pole of each outlet 3 is connected to a ground terminal 134 via an electric path. The E-phase pole of each outlet 3 is connected to the ground terminal 134, thereby being grounded to the ground point A2.

The smart meter 14 is provided between the pole transformer 6 and the distribution board 13 in the main electrical circuit 11. The smart meter 14 measures the power transmitted from the pole transformer 6 to the distribution board 13 (that is, the power consumed by the electrical equipment 5 in the building). The measurement results of the smart meter 14 can be transmitted to, for example, an electric power company.

The plurality of outlets 3 are installed inside or outside the building. The plurality of outlets 3 are outlets into which the power plugs of the electrical equipment 5 are inserted, and supply power to the electrical equipment 5 through the inserted power plugs. The electrical equipment 5 is, for example, a lighting fixture, a refrigerator, a television, or the like.

At least one of the plurality of outlets 3 is a three-pole outlet. A three-pole outlet is an outlet that has three individual ports. A three-pole plug is a plug having three insertion ports corresponding to the three blades (L-phase pole, N-phase pole, and E-phase pole (ground pole)) of a three-pole plug. Note that the three-pole outlet may further have a two-pole outlet. A two-pole small mouth is a small mouth that has only two insertion ports corresponding to the two plug blades (L-phase pole and N-phase pole) of a two-pole plug. In this embodiment, among the plurality of outlets 3, the outlet 3a is a three-pole outlet, and the remaining outlets 3b and 3c are two-pole outlets. A two-pole outlet is an outlet that has only two individual outlets. Note that all of the plurality of outlets 3 may be three-pole outlets.

In this embodiment, for example, all the L1 side outlets 3c are two-pole outlets. Among the outlets 3 on the L2 side, only the outlet 3a is a three-pole outlet, and the remaining outlets 3b are two-pole outlets. The L-phase pole and the N-phase pole of the two-pole outlet 3c on the L1 side are connected to the L1-phase circuit and the N-phase circuit of the main circuit 11 via two circuits of the branch circuit 12, respectively. Of the three poles of the three-pole outlet 3a on the L2 side, the L-phase pole and the N-phase pole are respectively connected to the L2-phase circuit and the N-phase circuit of the main circuit 11 via the two circuits of the branch circuit 12, The E-phase pole is connected to the ground terminal 134 via the electrical path 16. The L-phase pole and the N-phase pole of the two-pole outlet 3b on the L2 side are connected to the L2-phase circuit and the N-phase circuit of the main circuit 11 via two circuits of the branch circuit 12, respectively.

The plurality of outlets 3 include an indoor outlet and an outdoor outlet. The outdoor outlet is an outlet installed outdoors (for example, on an outer wall) of a building, and in this embodiment, the three-pole outlet 3a is the outdoor outlet. An indoor outlet is an outlet installed inside a building, and in this embodiment, the outlets 3b and 3c are indoor outlets. Note that all of the plurality of outlets 3 may be indoor outlets or may be outdoor outlets.

In this power grid distribution system 10, power from the power grid 2 (for example, 6600 V) is stepped down to a predetermined power (for example, 100 V/200 V, 15 A) by the pole transformer 6, and then transmitted to the distribution board 13 through the main power line 11. be done. The electric power transmitted to the distribution board 13 is distributed to the plurality of outlets 3 through the plurality of branch power lines 12 after passing through the main breaker 132 . Each outlet 3 can output power of a predetermined standard (for example, 100V, 15A). The power transmitted to each outlet 3 is supplied to the electrical equipment 5 connected to the outlet 3. The earth leakage detection circuit 132a of the main breaker 132 operates using the voltage applied to the main electric line 11 as an operating power source, and detects electric leakage of the current flowing through the main electric line 11. When the leakage detection circuit 132a detects a leakage, it switches the main breaker 132 from the closed state to the open state to interrupt the main circuit 11. By this cutoff, the supply of power from the power system 2 to the plurality of outlets 3 is stopped. By manually switching the main breaker 132 from the open state to the closed state, it is possible to restart the supply of power from the power system 2 to the plurality of outlets 3.

Note that in this embodiment, the power relay device 1 and the distributed power source 4 constitute a power supply system that supplies power to a grid power distribution system 10 installed in a building. Furthermore, the power relay device 1 and the grid power distribution system 10 constitute a power distribution system that supplies power to a plurality of outlets 3 installed in a building.

Next, the distributed power source 4 will be explained in detail with reference to FIG.

The distributed power source 4 is a power source that outputs alternating current power, and is a power source other than the power system 2. The distributed power source 4 is, for example, a backup power source for the power system 2. The backup power source is a power source that supplies AC power in place of the power system 2 when the power system 2 is unavailable. The distributed power source 4 is, for example, a generator or a solar power generator. The generator is a generator that uses gasoline, LP gas, or the like as fuel. Further, the distributed power source 4 may be a power output unit (for example, an AC 100V outlet) provided in a hybrid vehicle, an electric vehicle, or the like. The distributed power source 4 has an output section 4a that outputs power. The output section 4a is a female type output section (that is, a structure having a socket into which a plug is inserted). The output section 4a is a three-pole output section having three-pole individual ports.

Next, the power relay device 1 will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

First, the main features (features 1 to 3) of the power relay device 1 will be explained.

The power relay device 1 outputs power from the distributed power source 4 to the one outlet 3 by relaying between the output unit 4a of the distributed power source 4 and one outlet 3 of the plurality of outlets 3. As the first outlet 3 to be relayed, a three-pole outlet 3 including an E-phase pole (ground pole) is selected for the purpose of controlling the opening and closing of the main breaker 132 by the power relay device 1 as described later. In this embodiment, an outdoor outlet 3a is selected as one outlet 3.

In the following description, one outlet 3a that is relayed will also be referred to as a relay outlet 3a. Further, the time when the power relay device 1 is connected to the output unit 4a of the distributed power source 4 and the relay outlet 3a is also simply referred to as "when the power relay device 1 is connected." Further, the state in which the power relay device 1 relays between the output unit 4a of the distributed power source 4 and the relay outlet 3a is also simply referred to as the "relay state of the power relay device 1."

(Feature 1)
The power relay device 1 outputs power from the distributed power source 4 to the relay outlet 3a only when the main breaker 132 is in the open state when the power relay device 1 is connected and in the relay state. As a result, even if the master breaker 132 is in the closed state when the power relay device 1 is connected, or even if the master breaker 132 is manually switched from the open state to the closed state while the power relay device 1 is in the relay state, the distributed Electric power from the power source 4 can be prevented from flowing backward into the power system 2.

(Feature 2)
When the main breaker 132 is in the closed state when the power relay device 1 is connected and in the relay state, the power relay device 1 controls the main breaker 132 to forcibly change from the closed state to the open state. As a result, even if the master breaker 132 is in the closed state when the power relay device 1 is connected, or even if the master breaker 132 is manually switched from the open state to the closed state while the power relay device 1 is in the relay state, the distributed Electric power from the power source 4 can be prevented from flowing backward into the power system 2.

(Feature 3)
The power relay device 1 has two male plugs (an input plug 20 and an output plug 21) as described below. The power relay device 1 determines that the output voltage of the distributed power source 4 is output from the output plug 21 when the input plug 20 is connected to the output part 4a of the distributed power source 4 and the output plug 21 is not connected to the relay outlet 3a. prohibit. Thereby, the plug blade of the output plug 21 can be prevented from being exposed while the output voltage of the distributed power source 4 is applied.

Next, the configuration of the power relay device 1 will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

The power relay device 1 includes two plugs (an input plug 20 and an output plug 21) and a device main body 22.

The input plug 20 is connected to the output section 4 a of the distributed power source 4 and inputs the power output from the distributed power source 4 . The output plug 21 is connected to one outlet (relay outlet) 3a of the plurality of outlets 3, and outputs the power from the distributed power source 4 input to the input plug 20 to the relay outlet 3a. The two plugs 20 and 21 are each male plugs with three poles. A three-pole plug is a plug that has three plug blades (L-phase pole, N-phase pole, and E-phase pole). The three poles of the input plug 20 are respectively connected to the three poles of the outlet 3 such that the same phase poles are connected to each other. The three poles of the output plug 21 are respectively connected to the three poles of the output section 4a of the distributed power source 4 so that the same phase poles are connected to each other. The two plugs 20 and 21 are each connected to the device main body 22 via wiring. By connecting the input plug 20 to the relay outlet 3a and connecting the output plug 21 to the output section 4a of the distributed power source 4, the power relay device 1 relays between the relay outlet 3a and the output section 4a of the distributed power source 4. .

The device body 22 outputs the power from the distributed power source 4 input to the input plug 20 to the relay outlet 3a connected to the output plug 21. The device main body 22 includes a main electrical circuit 23, an electromagnetic switch 24, a continuity detection section 25, a pseudo earth leakage circuit 26, a connection detection section 27, and two voltage detection sections (a first voltage detection section 28 and a second voltage detection section 28). It includes a detection section 29), a power supply section 30, a display section, and a control section 32.

The main electric line 23 is an electric line for transmitting the electric power input to the input plug 20 to the output plug 21. The main circuit 23 is composed of three circuits (L-phase circuit, N-phase circuit, and E-phase circuit). The L-phase circuit, the N-phase circuit, and the E-phase circuit electrically connect the L-phase poles of the two plugs, the N-phase poles to each other, and the E-phase poles of the two plugs, respectively. The portion of the main electrical path 23 that extends outside the device main body 22 and connects to the plugs 20 and 21 constitutes the above-mentioned wiring that connects the plug and the device main body.

The electromagnetic switch 24 (second switch, relay side switch) is switchable between a closed state and an open state, and conducts or interrupts the main electrical circuit 23 depending on the closed state or the open state. Through this conduction and disconnection, power is transmitted from the input plug 20 to the output plug 21 and power transmission is stopped. More specifically, the electromagnetic switch 24 individually conducts and interrupts two of the three electrical circuits (L-phase electrical circuit and N-phase electrical circuit) that constitute the main electrical circuit 23 depending on the closed state and open state. do.

The continuity detection section 25 (opening/closing detection section) detects whether the main breaker is connected or not based on the continuity state of the electrical circuit passing through the main breaker 132 (in other words, the electrical circuit including the main electrical circuit 11) when the power relay device 1 is connected and in the relay state. 132 is in an open state. More specifically, the continuity detection unit 25 detects the connection between the N-phase circuit and the E-phase circuit of the main circuit 23 between the output plug 21 and the electromagnetic switch 24 when the power relay device 1 is connected and in the relay state. The conduction state of the electric path is detected based on the impedance. In this embodiment, detecting the impedance between the N-phase circuit and the E-phase circuit of the main circuit 23 means detecting the impedance between the N-phase pole and the E-phase pole of the three poles of the output plug 21. Furthermore, it is the same as detecting the impedance between the N-phase pole and the E-phase pole of the three poles of the relay outlet 3a.

The pseudo-leakage circuit 26 causes a pseudo-leakage in the current flowing through the main circuit 23 of the power relay device 1 when the main breaker 132 is in the closed state in the relay state of the power relay device 1 . As a result, the current flowing through the main circuit 11 (the circuit passing through the main breaker 132) of the distribution board 13 is caused to have a pseudo current leakage. The pseudo earth leakage circuit 26 causes the earth leakage detection circuit 132a of the main breaker 132 to detect the pseudo earth leakage described above, thereby forcibly controlling the main breaker 132 to change from the closed state to the open state.

The pseudo earth leakage circuit 26 short-circuits the L-phase circuit and the N-phase circuit of the main circuit 23 between the output plug 21 and the electromagnetic switch 24 when the power relay device 1 is in a relay state. Generates a pseudo leakage in the current. The pseudo earth leakage circuit 26 includes a relay 26a and a resistor 26b. The relay 26a and the resistor 26b are connected in series between the L-phase circuit and the N-phase circuit of the main circuit 23. Depending on the closed state and open state of the relay 26a, conduction is established and interrupted between the L-phase circuit and the N-phase circuit, and the conduction short-circuits the L-phase circuit and the N-phase circuit.

The connection detection unit 27 is provided in the output plug 21 and detects whether the output plug 21 is connected to the relay outlet 3a. The connection detection unit 27 outputs a connection signal or a disconnection signal to the control unit 32 depending on whether the output plug 21 is connected to the relay outlet 3a. The connection signal is a signal indicating that the output plug 21 is connected to the relay outlet 3a, and the non-connection signal is a signal indicating that the output plug 21 is not connected to the relay outlet 3a.

The first voltage detection unit 28 determines whether the voltage output from the relay outlet 3a to the output plug 21 exceeds a predetermined voltage (for example, 0V) when the power relay device 1 is in the relay state and the electromagnetic switch 24 is in the open state. Detect. More specifically, the first voltage detection unit 28 determines whether the voltage between the L-phase circuit and the N-phase circuit of the main circuit 23 between the electromagnetic switch 24 and the output plug 21 is equal to or higher than a predetermined voltage. Detect. Thereby, it is possible to detect whether the power system 2 is in a power outage or has double power. That is, if the voltage detected by the first voltage detector 28 is below the predetermined voltage, it is determined that the power grid 2 is in a power outage, and if the voltage detected by the first voltage detector 28 exceeds the predetermined voltage, the power grid 2 is determined to be in a power outage. It is determined that there is double electricity.

The second voltage detection unit 29 detects whether the voltage input to the input plug 20 (that is, the output voltage of the distributed power source 4) exceeds a specified voltage (for example, the rated voltage of the outlet 3, for example, 100 V). More specifically, when the power relay device 1 is in the relay state and the electromagnetic switch 24 is in the open state, the second voltage detection unit 29 detects the voltage in the L-phase electrical circuit of the main electrical circuit 23 between the electromagnetic switch 24 and the input plug 20. It is detected whether the voltage between the E-phase circuit and the E-phase circuit exceeds a specified voltage.

Note that if the detected voltage of the second voltage detection unit 29 exceeds the specified voltage, the electromagnetic switch 24 is switched from the closed state to the open state, and the output of the distributed power source 4 is prohibited from being transmitted to the output plug 21. may be done.

In addition, in this embodiment, each detection section (continuity detection section 25, connection detection section 27, first voltage detection section 28, and second voltage detection section 29) detects the above at regular intervals in the relay state of the power relay device 1. Detection is performed. By setting the above-mentioned fixed interval to a relatively short interval (for example, 1 second), each detection section can perform the above-mentioned detection substantially immediately when the power relay device 1 is connected.

The power supply section 30 functions as a power source for the power relay device 1 . The power supply unit 30 steps down the output voltage of the distributed power supply 4 input to the input plug 20 to a predetermined voltage, and uses the voltage as the operating voltage of the power relay device 1 .

The display unit 31 displays various information regarding the power relay device 1 (for example, detection results of the continuity detection unit 25, connection detection unit 27, first voltage detection unit 28, and second voltage detection unit 29). The display section 31 is composed of a liquid crystal display or the like.

The control unit 32 (interruption control unit and power supply control unit) controls the electromagnetic The switch 24 and the pseudo earth leakage circuit 26 are controlled.

More specifically, when the continuity detection unit 25 detects that the main breaker 132 is in the closed state when the power relay device 1 is connected or in the relay state, the control unit 32 changes the electromagnetic switch 24 from the closed state. Control so that it is in the open state. As a result, the main electrical circuit 23 of the power relay device 1 is cut off. Therefore, the power from the distributed power source 4 is prohibited from being output to the relay outlet 3a through the power relay device 1. As a result, power from the distributed power source 4 is prevented from flowing backward into the power system 2. In this manner, the control unit 32 controls the output (power transmission) of power from the distributed power source 4 to the relay outlet 3a by controlling the opening and closing of the electromagnetic switch 24.

Further, when the continuity detection unit 25 detects that the master breaker 132 is in the open state when the power relay device 1 is connected or in the relay state, the control unit 32 changes the electromagnetic switch 24 from the open state to the closed state. Control as follows. As a result, the main electrical circuit 23 of the power relay device 1 becomes conductive, and the power from the distributed power source 4 is outputted to the relay outlet 3a through the main electrical circuit 23. In this manner, when the main breaker 132 is in the open state, the control unit 32 causes the power from the distributed power source 4 to be output to the relay outlet 3a. As a result, power from the distributed power source 4 is supplied from the relay outlet 3a to the other outlets 3b through the electrical circuit in the distribution board 13.

Further, when the continuity detection unit 25 detects that the main breaker 132 is in the closed state when the power relay device 1 is connected or in the relay state, the control unit 32 activates the pseudo earth leakage circuit 26 (i.e., the relay 26a from the open state to the closed state). As a result, a pseudo leakage occurs in the current flowing through the main circuit 11 of the distribution board 13. When the leakage detection circuit 132a of the master breaker 132 detects the pseudo leakage, the master breaker 132 is automatically switched from the closed state to the open state. That is, the control unit 32 activates the pseudo earth leakage circuit 26 to generate a pseudo earth leakage, and causes the earth leakage detection circuit 132a to detect the pseudo earth leakage, thereby forcing the main breaker 132 to change from the open state to the closed state. It's in control.

Further, when the continuity detection unit 25 detects that the main breaker 132 is in the open state when the power relay device 1 is connected or in the relay state, the control unit 32 causes the pseudo earth leakage circuit 26 to be stopped (i.e., the relay 26a in an open state). This prevents pseudo-leakage from occurring in the current flowing through the main circuit 11 of the distribution board 13.

More specifically, when the continuity detection unit 25 detects that the master breaker 132 is in the open state when the power relay device 1 is connected or in the relay state, the control unit 32 controls the detection by the first voltage detection unit 28. When the voltage exceeds a predetermined voltage (for example, 0V), the pseudo earth leakage circuit 26 is controlled to start, and when the detected voltage of the first voltage detection section 28 is below the predetermined voltage, the pseudo earth leakage circuit 26 is stopped. Control as follows.

In addition, when the detected voltage of the second voltage detection section 29 exceeds a specified voltage (for example, the rated voltage of the outlet 3, for example, 100 V) when the power relay device 1 is connected or in a relay state, the control section 32 controls, for example, an electromagnetic The switch 24 is controlled from a closed state to an open state. This prohibits power exceeding the specified voltage from being output from the distributed power source 4 to the relay outlet 3a via the power relay device 1. Further, the control unit 32 causes the electromagnetic switch 24 to change from the open state to the closed state when the detected voltage of the second voltage detection unit 29 is below the specified voltage when the power relay device 1 is connected or in the relay state. to control. As a result, power that does not exceed the specified voltage is output from the distributed power source 4 to the relay outlet 3a via the power relay device 1.

Next, with reference to FIG. 2, the above feature 1 of the power relay device 1 will be explained in detail.

In feature 1, the power relay device 1 outputs power from the distributed power source 4 to the relay outlet 3a only when the main breaker 132 is in the open state when the power relay device 1 is connected and in the relay state.

More specifically, the continuity detection unit 25 detects that the impedance between the N-phase circuit and the E-phase circuit of the main circuit 23 of the power relay device 1 is a predetermined value (for example, 200Ω) when the power relay device 1 is connected or in a relay state. ) or less. Thereby, the continuity detection unit 25 detects whether or not the path T1 shown in FIG. 2 is closed, and based on the detection result, determines (detects) whether the main breaker 132 is in the open state.

The path T1 includes, in order from the continuity detection unit 25, a branch point B2 of the N-phase circuit of the main circuit 23, an N-phase pole of the output plug 21, an N-phase pole of the relay outlet 3a, and a branch point B3 of the N-phase circuit of the main circuit 11. , the N-phase side relay of the main breaker 132, the branch point B1 of the N-phase circuit, the ground point A1, the ground point A2, the ground terminal 134, the circuit 16, the E-phase pole of the relay outlet 3a, the E-phase pole of the output plug 21, and , the path returns to the continuity detection section 25 via the branch point B4 of the E-phase circuit of the main circuit 23.

When the path T1 is electrically conductive, the impedance detected by the electrical continuity detector 25 is approximately the sum of the grounding resistances at the two grounding points A1 and A2 (for example, 110Ω). On the other hand, when the path T1 is not conductive, the impedance detected by the conduction detection section 25 becomes infinite. Therefore, if the impedance detected by the continuity detector 25 is less than or equal to a predetermined value (for example, 200Ω), the continuity detector 25 determines that the path T1 is conductive (that is, the main breaker 132 is closed). do. Furthermore, if the impedance detected by the continuity detection section 25 exceeds a predetermined value, the continuity detection section 25 determines that the path T1 is not conducted (that is, the main breaker 132 is in an open state).

More specifically, the continuity detection unit 25 applies a predetermined voltage (a voltage of about several volts) between the N-phase circuit and the E-phase circuit of the main circuit 23 of the power relay device 1 . Then, the continuity detection section 25 detects the current flowing between the N-phase circuit and the E-phase circuit when the voltage is applied. Based on the detected current, the continuity detection section 25 determines whether the impedance between the N-phase circuit and the E-phase circuit of the main circuit 23 is below a predetermined value (that is, whether the impedance between the circuits 11 and 23 passing through the main breaker 132 is conductive). Note that, at the time of this detection, it is desirable that the electromagnetic switch 24 be controlled to be in an open state by the control unit 32.

Note that the earth leakage detection circuit 132a of the master breaker 132 is activated by the voltage (200V) between the L1 phase circuit and the L2 phase circuit of the main circuit 11 in the distribution board 13. Therefore, the earth leakage detection circuit 132a is not activated by the voltage applied during detection by the continuity detector 25 and the output voltage of the distributed power source 4.

In addition, since the continuity detection unit 25 repeatedly performs detection at relatively short fixed intervals (for example, 1 second intervals), when the main breaker 132 is manually switched from the open state to the closed state, the main breaker 132 is immediately switched off. The closed state can be detected.

If the main breaker 132 is in the closed state and the electromagnetic switch 24 is in the closed state, there is a possibility that the power from the distributed power source 4 will flow back into the power system 2. Therefore, in this case, the electromagnetic switch 24 is maintained in the open state by the control section 32. As a result, the electrical connection between the output section 4a of the distributed power source 4 and the relay outlet 3a is cut off. On the other hand, when the master breaker 132 is in the open state, there is no possibility that the power from the distributed power source 4 will flow back into the power system 2 even if the electromagnetic switch 24 is in the closed state. Therefore, in this case, the electromagnetic switch 24 is controlled by the control unit 32 to change from the open state to the closed state. Thereby, the output section 4a of the distributed power source 4 and the relay outlet 3a are electrically connected.

Next, the above feature 2 of the power relay device 1 will be explained in detail with reference to FIG. 3.

In feature 2, when the main breaker 132 is in the closed state when the power relay device 1 is connected and in the relay state, the power relay device 1 controls the main breaker 132 to forcibly change from the closed state to the open state. .

For example, when the main breaker 132 is manually switched from an open state to a closed state while power is being supplied to the power system 2 (including after power is restored), the earth leakage detection circuit 132a of the main breaker 132 is activated. In this case, the pseudo-leakage circuit 26 of the power relay device 1 causes a pseudo-leakage of the current flowing through the path T2 shown in FIG. 3 (that is, the electric path passing through the main breaker 132), and causes the earth-leakage detection circuit 132a to detect this pseudo-leakage. When the earth leakage detection circuit 132a detects a pseudo earth leakage, the main breaker 132 is automatically switched from the closed state to the open state. In this manner, when the earth leakage detection circuit 132a is activated, the power relay device 1 causes the pseudo earth leakage circuit 26 to generate a pseudo earth leakage, and causes the earth leakage detection circuit 132a to detect the pseudo earth leakage, so that the main breaker 132 is activated. Control is forcibly changed from the closed state to the open state.

The path T2 includes, in order from the lower end B5 of the secondary coil of the pole transformer 6, the branch point B6 of the L2 phase circuit of the main circuit 11, the L side circuit of the branch circuit 12 connected to the branch point B6, and the relay outlet. L-phase pole of 3a, branch point B7 of the L-phase circuit of the main circuit 23 of the output plug 21, resistor 26b, relay 26a, branch point B8 of the E-phase circuit of the main circuit 23, E-phase pole of the output plug 21, relay outlet 3a, the electrical circuit 16, the grounding terminal 134, the grounding point A2, the grounding point A1, the branch point B1 of the N-phase electrical circuit of the main electrical circuit 11, the center point of the secondary coil 62, and the lower end B5 of the secondary coil 62. This is the route that leads to it.

More specifically, in this embodiment, the continuity detection unit 25 detects that the main breaker 132 is in the closed state when the power relay device 1 is connected and in the relay state. Then, in accordance with this detection result, the control unit 32 controls the pseudo earth leakage circuit 26 to start (that is, to change the relay 26a from the open state to the closed state).

In addition, in this embodiment, the pseudo earth leakage circuit 26 is activated (operated) according to the detection result of the continuity detection section 25, as described above. However, the pseudo earth leakage circuit 26 may be operated at all times regardless of the detection result of the continuity detection section 25. That is, the relay 26a may be maintained in a closed state at all times. In this case, when the main breaker 132 is switched from the open state to the closed state during power supply to the power system 2 (including after double power supply) while the power relay device 1 is in the relay state (that is, the electromagnetic switch 24 is in the closed state). , temporarily, power supply from the power system 2 and power supply from the distributed power source 4 are performed in parallel. However, when the earth leakage detection circuit 132a detects the pseudo earth leakage caused by the pseudo earth leakage circuit 26, the main breaker 132 is immediately switched from the closed state to the open state, and the power supply from the power system 2 is cut off.

In the above case (that is, when the relay 26a is always maintained in the closed state and the electromagnetic switch 24 is in the closed state), the potential of the E-phase circuit of the main circuit 23 of the power relay device 1 may increase. Therefore, it is desirable to set the value of the resistor 26b so that the potential of the E-phase circuit does not exceed a specified potential.

Note that it is desirable that the relay 26a of the pseudo earth leakage circuit 26 be controlled to be in an open state when the electromagnetic switch 24 is in an open state.

Next, the above feature 3 of the power relay device 1 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 4A and 4B.

As shown in FIG. 4A, the output plug 21 of the power relay device 1 includes a plug body 211, three plug blades 212 to 214, and a connection detection section 27. The connection detection section 27 includes a protrusion 271 and a switch 272.

The three blades 212 to 214 are respectively an L-phase pole blade 212, an N-phase pole blade 213, and an E-phase pole blade 214. The plug body 211 is a member that holds three plug blades 212 to 214. Plug body 211 has a contact surface 211a. The contact surface 211a is a flat surface that comes into contact with the surface of the relay outlet 3a when the output plug 21 and the relay outlet 3a are connected. The contact surface 211a has a hole in which the protrusion 271 can be accommodated. The three plug blades 212 to 214 protrude from the contact surface 211a in the normal direction of the contact surface 211a.

The protrusion 271 is provided on the plug body 211 so as to be able to protrude from the hole of the contact surface 211a and to be accommodated within the hole. The protrusion 271 is urged by an elastic member so as to protrude from the hole in the contact surface 211a. The elastic member is housed inside the hole. The protrusion 271 can be pushed into the hole by external force against the biasing force of the elastic member (that is, can be accommodated inside the hole). The protrusion 271 is provided, for example, at the peripheral edge of the contact surface 211a.

The switch 272 is provided inside the plug body 211. The switch 272 is turned on or off depending on the protruding state and the retracted state of the protrusion 271. When the protrusion 271 is in the protruding state, the switch 272 is switched from on to off and outputs an off signal to the control unit 32, and when the protrusion 271 is in the housed state, it is switched from off to on and outputs an on signal. is output to the control section 32.

In this output plug 21, when the output plug 21 is not connected to the relay outlet 3a, the protrusion 271 protrudes from the contact surface 211a. In this protruding state, the switch 272 is switched from on to off and outputs an off signal to the control section 32. In this embodiment, the off signal is a signal (non-contact signal) indicating that the output plug 21 is not connected to the relay outlet 3a. On the other hand, when the output plug 21 is connected to the relay outlet 3a, the tip of the protrusion 271 contacts the relay outlet 3a, and is pushed into the hole by the relay outlet 3a and accommodated. There is. In this accommodated state, the switch 272 is switched from off to on and outputs an on signal to the control unit 32. The on signal is a signal (contact signal) indicating that the output plug 21 is connected to the relay outlet 3a.

In this embodiment, the protrusion 271 is provided at the peripheral edge of the contact surface 211a, but it may also be provided between the three plug blades 212-214. Further, in this embodiment, there is one protrusion 271, but a plurality of protrusions 271 may be provided. In this case, each of the plurality of protrusions 271 detects the amount of protrusion of each protrusion 271 from the contact surface 211a. Thereby, it is possible to detect not only whether the output plug 21 is connected to the relay outlet 3a, but also whether the output plug 21 is connected perpendicularly to the relay outlet 3a or at an angle. be able to.

Note that in this embodiment, the connection detection section 27 is provided only in the output plug 21, but it may also be provided in the input plug 20. In this case, the connection detection section provided in the input plug 20 detects whether the input plug 20 is connected to the output section 4a of the distributed power source 4, and the control section 32 detects whether the input plug is connected to the output section 4a of the distributed power source 4. The electromagnetic switch 24 may be controlled to be closed only when connected to the output section 4a.

Next, the operation of the power relay device 1 will be explained with reference to the flowchart of FIG. In the following description, Sn (n=1, 2, . . . ) indicates each step in the flowchart of FIG. 5.

A power outage occurs in the power system 2 (S1). In this situation, the user manually switches the main breaker 132 from the closed state to the open state (S2), or leaves the main breaker 132 in the closed state (S3), and then connects the power relay device 1 to the distributed power source 4. is connected between the output section 4a of and the relay outlet 3a (S4). At this time, the input plug 20 is connected to the output section 4a of the distributed power source 4, and the output plug 21 is connected to the relay outlet 3a. When the output plug 21 is connected to the outlet 3, the connection detection unit 27 of the power relay device 1 detects the connection (S5).

Furthermore, after connecting the power relay device 1, the user activates the distributed power source 4 (S6). As a result, power from the output section 4a of the distributed power source 4 is input to the input plug 20.

Then, the continuity detection unit 25 of the power relay device 1 determines whether the main breaker 132 is in an open state based on the impedance between the N-phase circuit and the E-phase circuit of the main circuit 23 of the power relay device 1. Detect (S7). As a result of this detection, if the main breaker 132 is in the open state (Yes in S7), the control unit 32 of the power relay device 1 controls the electromagnetic switch 24 from the open state to the closed state (S8). . Thereby, power from the output section 4a of the distributed power source 4 is outputted to the relay outlet 3a via the power relay device 1. As a result, the power from the distributed power source 4 flows from the relay outlet 3a through the electrical circuit inside the distribution board 13 and is supplied to the other outlet 3b. Thereby, power from the distributed power source 4 is supplied to the electrical equipment 5 connected to the other outlet 3b. In this way, even in the event of a power outage in the power system 2, the electrical device 5 can be used by connecting it to another outlet 3b.

The connection detection unit 27 of the power relay device 1 constantly detects whether the output plug 21 is connected to the relay outlet 3a (in other words, whether the output plug 21 is removed from the relay outlet 3a). Yes (S9). Then, when the user removes the output plug 21 of the power relay device 1 from the relay outlet 3a, the connection detection unit 27 of the power relay device 1 detects the removal (Yes in S9). Then, in accordance with this detection result, the control unit 32 controls the electromagnetic switch 24 from the closed state to the open state (S10). Then, the processing of the power relay device 1 ends.

On the other hand, in step S9, if the output plug 21 of the power relay device 1 is not removed from the relay outlet 3a (No in S9), the process returns to step S7, and the processes from step S7 onwards are executed.

On the other hand, if the main breaker 132 is not in the open state (that is, in the closed state) as a result of the detection in step S7 (No in S7), the control unit 32 of the power relay device 1 opens the electromagnetic switch 24 from the closed state. control so that the state is reached (S11). As a result, transmission of power from the distributed power source 4 from the input plug 20 to the output plug 21 is interrupted. As a result, it is possible to prevent the power from the distributed power source 4 from flowing back into the power system 2 through the main breaker 132.

Then, the control unit 32 of the power relay device 1 detects whether the detection result of the first voltage detection unit 28 (the impedance between the L-phase pole and the N-phase pole of the output plug 21) exceeds a predetermined value ( S12). If the impedance detected by the first voltage detection unit 28 exceeds the predetermined value (Yes in S12), the control unit 32 determines that the earth leakage detection circuit 132a of the main breaker 132 is activated, and Activate circuit 26. That is, the control unit 32 controls the relay 26a from the open state to the closed state (S13). As a result, a pseudo leakage occurs in the current flowing through the path T2 shown in FIG. 3, and the leakage detection circuit 132a detects the pseudo leakage, thereby controlling the main breaker 132 from the closed state to the open state. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the power from the distributed power source 4 from flowing backward into the power system 2 via the main breaker 132.

In this way, when the main breaker 132 is switched from the open state to the closed state (S11), if the impedance detected by the first voltage detection unit 28 exceeds the predetermined value (Yes in S12), the power system 2 The leakage detection circuit 132a of the main breaker 132 is activated by the voltage from the power system 2. For this reason, the control unit 32 activates the pseudo-leakage circuit 26 to cause a pseudo-leakage to flow, thereby using the function of the earth-leakage detection circuit 132a of the main breaker 132 to forcibly change the main breaker 132 from the open state to the closed state. It is controlled so that

Then, the process returns from step S13 to step S7, and the processes from step S7 onwards are executed. As a result, when the continuity detection unit 25 of the power relay device 1 detects that the main breaker 132 is in the open state (Yes in S7), the control unit 32 of the power relay device 1 changes the electromagnetic switch 24 from the open state. It is controlled to be in a closed state (S8). This prevents the power from the distributed power source 4 from flowing backward into the power system 2, and the power from the distributed power source 4 is supplied to the relay outlet 3a via the power relay device 1.

On the other hand, in step S12, if the impedance detected by the first voltage detection unit 28 is less than or equal to the predetermined value (No in S12), the control unit 32 determines that the power system 2 is not double-powered. That is, the control unit 32 determines that the switching of the master breaker 132 from the open state to the closed state in step S11 is an erroneous operation by the user. Then, the process returns to step S2, and the processes after step S2 are executed. As a result, after the user manually switches the main breaker 132 from the closed state to the open state (S2), the control unit 32 of the power relay device 1 switches the electromagnetic switch 24 through each process (S4 to S7). It is controlled from the open state to the closed state (S8). This prevents the power from the distributed power source 4 from flowing backward into the power system 2, and the power from the distributed power source 4 is supplied to the relay outlet 3a via the power relay device 1.

(Main effect)
As described above, according to the power relay device 1 of the present embodiment, by relaying the output section 4a of the distributed power source 4 and one outlet 3a of the plurality of outlets 3, the other outlet of the plurality of outlets 3 can be connected. Power from the distributed power source 4 can be supplied to the outlet 3b. Therefore, power from the distributed power source 4 can be supplied to the building power distribution system 10 without requiring any construction work (ie, with an inexpensive configuration). Furthermore, when the main breaker 132 is open, the power from the distributed power source 4 is outputted to one outlet 3a, so that the power from the distributed power source 4 can be prevented from flowing backward into the power system 2. Therefore, power from the distributed power source 4 can be supplied to the grid power distribution system 10 with an inexpensive configuration and while preventing reverse power to the power grid 2.

Further, since each of the input plug 20 and the output plug 21 is a male plug, it is possible to relay the female output section 4a of the distributed power source 4 and one outlet 3a. That is, since the output section 4a of the general distributed power source 4 is a female type, the output section 4a of the general distributed power source 4 and one outlet 3a can be relayed. As a result, power from the distributed power source 4 can be supplied to the power distribution system 10 of the building using the general distributed power source 4 (that is, with an inexpensive configuration).

(Modified example)
A modification of the above embodiment will be described. The modified examples described below can be applied in combination as appropriate.

(Modification 1)
In the above embodiment, the continuity detection unit 25 causes the master breaker 132 to open based on whether the impedance between the N-phase pole and the E-phase pole of the three poles of the output plug 21 exceeds a predetermined value. Detect whether the state is the same or not. However, the continuity detection unit 25 detects whether the main breaker 132 is open based on whether the impedance between the L-phase pole and the E-phase pole of the output plug 21 exceeds a predetermined value. It's okay. Furthermore, the continuity detection section 25 detects whether the main breaker 132 is in an open state based on whether the impedance between the L-phase pole and the N-phase pole of the output plug 21 exceeds a predetermined value. It's okay.

(Modification 2)
In the above embodiment, the continuity detection unit 25 causes the master breaker 132 to open based on whether the impedance between the N-phase pole and the E-phase pole of the three poles of the output plug 21 exceeds a predetermined value. Detect whether the state is the same or not. However, as shown in FIG. 6, the grid power distribution system 10 may include a detector 40 (external device) that detects whether the main breaker 132 is in an open state. In this case, the continuity detection unit 25 acquires from the detector 40 a switching signal indicating whether the main breaker 132 is in an open state, and determines whether the main breaker 132 is in an open state based on the obtained switching signal. It may also be detected whether or not. In this case, the continuity detection section 25 and the detector 40 have a communication function to communicate with each other (for example, wireless communication), and use these communication functions to send and receive the above-mentioned opening/closing signal. In this modification, it is assumed that the above communication function performs wireless communication, but wired communication may also be performed.

(Modification 3)
In the above embodiment, the continuity detection unit 25 causes the master breaker 132 to open based on whether the impedance between the N-phase pole and the E-phase pole of the three poles of the output plug 21 exceeds a predetermined value. Detect whether the state is the same or not. However, as shown in FIG. 7, the power relay device 1 may include an operation input unit 50 that accepts input of opening/closing information by the user. In this case, the continuity detection section 25 may detect whether the main breaker 132 is in the open state based on the opening/closing information input to the operation input section 50. Note that the above opening/closing information is information indicating whether or not the main breaker 132 is in an open state.

(Modification 4)
In modification 3, as shown in FIG. 7, the main electrical circuit 23 of the power relay device 1 may further include an earth leakage breaker 33 (protective cutoff section). The earth leakage breaker 33 is switchable between an open state and a closed state, and interrupts and conducts the main electric path 23 depending on the open state and the closed state. In the example of FIG. 7, the earth leakage breaker 33 interrupts and conducts two electrical circuits (L-phase electrical circuit and N-phase electrical circuit) included in the main electrical circuit 23. In addition, among the main electric lines 23, the E-phase electric line is a ground line that is grounded, and the L-phase electric line and the N-phase electric line are non-ground lines that are not ground lines. The earth leakage breaker 33 detects the current flowing in the main electric line 23 (for example, the L-phase electric line or the N-phase electric line). Through this detection, the earth leakage breaker 33 detects an abnormality (for example, electric leakage, short circuit, and ground fault) in the branch circuit 12 on the outlet 3a (first outlet) side, and depending on the result of this detection, the earth leakage breaker 33 The main electric path 23 (electrical path) between the output plug 21 and the main electric path 23 is made conductive and disconnected. The earth leakage breaker 33 becomes a closed state to conduct the main circuit 23 when a current lower than a specified value flows in the main circuit 23, and prevents the main circuit 23 from receiving a current exceeding the specified value (for example, ground fault current, leakage current, and short circuit current). ) flows, it becomes an open state and cuts off the main electric circuit 23.

Note that the earth leakage breaker 33 may be capable of being manually switched between an open state and a closed state. The earth leakage breaker 33 is provided, for example, between the electromagnetic switch 24 and the output plug 21 in the main electrical circuit 23 (that is, at the output stage of the power relay device 1). The earth leakage breaker 33 individually conducts and interrupts the L-phase circuit and the E-phase circuit among the three circuits of the main circuit 23 . The earth leakage breaker 33 can protect the internal circuit of the power relay device 1 from leakage current or short-circuit current when there is a leakage or short circuit inside the grid power distribution system 10 while the power relay device 1 is in the relay state.

Note that although this modified example is applied to Modified Example 3, it is also applicable to the above embodiment or other modified examples.

(Modification 5)
In the fourth modification, the earth leakage breaker 33 (protective cutoff section) is provided between the electromagnetic switch 24 and the output plug 21 in the main electric circuit 23, but as shown in FIG. It may be provided between the electromagnetic switch 24 and the input plug 20 in. The earth leakage breaker 33 of this modification is configured similarly to the earth leakage breaker 33 of the fourth modification.

As shown in FIG. 8, the earth leakage breaker 33 detects an abnormality (for example, ground fault) in the branch circuit 12 on the outlet 3a (first outlet) side, and depending on the result of this detection, connects the input plug 20 and output plug 21 and the main electric path 23 (electrical path) is conducted and cut off. More specifically, the earth leakage breaker 33 detects an abnormality in the branch circuit 12 on the outlet 3a side based on the current flowing in the main circuit 23 (for example, L-phase circuit or N-phase circuit). Note that the branch circuit 12 is composed of an L-phase circuit and an N-phase circuit. The earth leakage breaker 33 individually conducts and interrupts the L-phase circuit and the E-phase circuit (i.e., the ground wire) included in the main circuit 23 . The earth leakage breaker 33 is in a closed state and conducts the main electric line 23 when a current lower than a specified value flows through the main electric line 23 (that is, when the earth leakage breaker 33 does not detect a ground fault current). Further, when a current equal to or higher than a specified value flows through the main electric line 23 (that is, when the earth leakage breaker 33 detects a ground fault current), the earth leakage breaker 33 becomes open and interrupts the main electric line 23.

The distributed power source 4 has a ground terminal 4b in addition to the three poles of the output section 4a (namely, the L-phase electrode, the N-phase electrode, and the E-phase electrode) and the AC power source 4c. Among the two output ends of the AC power source 4c, one output end is connected to the above-mentioned L-phase electrode, and the other output end is connected to the above-mentioned N-phase electrode and E-phase electrode. The ground terminal 4b is connected to any one of the three electrodes (for example, the N-phase electrode and the E-phase electrode) of the output section 4a of the distributed power source 4. Further, the ground terminal 4b is grounded.

Here, a case will be considered in which the branch electric line 12 (for example, the L-phase electric line) on the outlet 3 a side experiences a ground fault via the conductive object 200 in the relay state of the power relay device 22 . For example, consider a case where a living conductive object 200 comes into contact with the L-phase circuit of the branch circuit 12, causing a ground fault in the L-phase circuit. In this case, as shown in FIG. 8, a ground fault current Ia flows from the L-phase circuit of the branch circuit 12 on the outlet 3a side to the ground via the conductive object 200. This ground fault current Ia flows from the ground through the ground terminal 4a of the distributed power source 4 and into the distributed power source 4. Then, this ground fault current Ia flows from the grounding terminal 4b to one of the three electrical circuits (for example, the N-phase electrode) in the distributed power source 4, and is relayed to the power via the input plug 20 connected to the output section 4a. It flows into the main circuit 23 (for example, the N-phase circuit) of the device 22. Note that since the power relay device 22 is in the relay state, the electromagnetic switch 24 is closed.

When the earth leakage breaker 33 detects the ground fault current Ia flowing in the N-phase circuit of the main circuit 23, it becomes open and interrupts the main circuit 23 (for example, the E-phase circuit and the L-phase circuit). Thereby, the power relay device 22 can be protected from a ground fault (abnormality) occurring in the branch circuit 12 on the side of the outlet 3a connected to the output plug 21.

In this way, when the branch electric line 12 on the outlet 3a side has a ground fault, if the ground terminal 4b of the distributed power source 4 is grounded, the ground fault current Ia will be transferred to the ungrounded line of the main electric line 23 of the power relay device 22. flows to Therefore, the above ground fault can be detected by detecting the ground fault current Ia flowing through the ungrounded wire using the earth leakage breaker 33.

Note that, like the fourth modification, this modified example is applied to the third modified example, but it is also applicable to the above embodiment or other modified examples.

(Modification 6)
Modified example 5 exemplifies a case where a ground fault is detected when the ground terminal 4b of the distributed power source 4 is grounded, but in this modified example, a ground fault is detected when the ground terminal 4b of the distributed power source 4 is not grounded. Here is an example of a case where

As shown in FIG. 9, the power relay device 22 of this modification is the same as the power relay device 22 of the fifth modification, further including a current detection section 34. The current detection unit 34 detects the current flowing in the E-phase circuit (ground wire) included in the main circuit 23 of the power relay device 22 .

In addition to detecting the abnormality described in Modification 5, the earth leakage broker 33 (protective cutoff unit) of this modification also detects the electrical outlet 3a connected to the output plug 21 ( An abnormality (for example, a ground fault) in the branch electrical circuit 12 on the side of the outlet (one outlet) is detected. More specifically, when the detected value of the current detecting section 34 is a current value that is less than the specified value (that is, when the current detecting section 34 does not detect a ground fault current), the earth leakage breaker 33 is in the closed state and the main circuit is closed. The electric path 23 is made conductive. Furthermore, when the detected value of the current detecting section 34 is a current value greater than or equal to a specified value (that is, when the current detecting section 34 detects a ground fault current), the earth leakage breaker 33 becomes open and closes the main electric line 23. Cut off.

Here, a case will be considered in which the branch electric line 12 (for example, the L-phase electric line) on the outlet 3 a side experiences a ground fault via the conductive object 200 in the relay state of the power relay device 22 . For example, consider a case where a living conductive object 200 comes into contact with the L-phase circuit of the branch circuit 12, causing a ground fault in the L-phase circuit. In this case, as shown in FIG. 9, a ground fault current Ib flows from the L-phase electrical path on the outlet 3a side to the ground via the conductive object 200. This ground fault current Ib flows from the ground to the E-phase electrode of the outlet 3a. This ground fault current Ib flows from the E-phase electrode of the outlet 3a through the E-phase circuit of the main circuit 23 of the power relay device 22 via the output plug 21 connected to the outlet 3a, and from the input plug 20 to the input It flows through the E-phase circuit of the circuit in the distributed power supply 4 connected to the plug 20, and flows to the AC power supply 4c.

When the current detection unit 34 detects the ground fault current Ib flowing in the E-phase circuit of the main circuit 23 of the power relay device 22, the earth leakage breaker 33 becomes open and cuts off the E-phase circuit and the L-phase circuit of the main circuit 23. do. Thereby, the power relay device 22 can be protected from a ground fault (abnormality) occurring in the branch circuit 12 on the side of the outlet 3a connected to the output plug 21.

In this way, when the branch electrical line 12 on the outlet 3a side has a ground fault, if the ground terminal 4b of the distributed power source 4 is not grounded, the ground fault current Ib will cause the grounding line of the main electrical line 23 of the power relay device 22 to flows. Therefore, the above-mentioned ground fault can be detected by detecting the ground fault current Ib flowing through the ground wire by the current detection unit 34.

(Modification 7)
In Modifications 5 and 6, a case is illustrated in which an abnormality occurring in the branch circuit 12 on the outlet 3a side is detected, but in Modification 7, as shown in FIG. A case will be illustrated in which an arc 36 that occurs when the branch circuit 12 is partially disconnected is detected. Note that a half-disconnection means that one of the two electric circuits is disconnected. In the example of FIG. 10, a case is illustrated in which one of the branch circuits 12 (for example, the L-phase circuit) is disconnected, and an arc 36 is generated at the disconnection location.

As shown in FIG. 10, the power relay device 22 of this modification includes an arc detection breaker 35 (protective cutoff section) instead of the earth leakage breaker 33 in the power relay device 22 of the fifth modification. The arc detection breaker 35 determines whether the branch circuit 12 on the outlet 3a side to which the output plug 21 is connected is half-broken, based on the waveform of the current flowing in the main circuit 23 (for example, L-phase circuit or N-phase circuit) of the power relay device 22. Then, it is detected whether or not an arc 36 has occurred at the half-disconnection point.

More specifically, the waveform (abnormal waveform) of the current (arc current) flowing through the main electrical circuit 23 when the branch electrical circuit 12 is partially disconnected and an arc 36 occurs at the half-disconnected location is The waveform (normal waveform) of the current flowing through the main electric circuit 23 is different from that when the main electric circuit 23 is not running. For this reason, the arc detection breaker 35 stores the arc current waveform (abnormal waveform) in advance as a reference waveform. Then, when the waveform of the current flowing through the main electric line 23 matches the reference waveform (that is, when the waveform of the current flowing through the main electric line 23 is an abnormal waveform), the arc detection breaker 35 detects the branch electric line 12 based on this coincidence. It is detected that the wire is half disconnected and an arc 36 is generated at the disconnection point.

When the waveform of the current flowing through the main electric line 23 (for example, the L-phase electric line or the N-phase electric line) is a normal waveform (that is, when the branch electric line 12 is not partially disconnected and the arc 36 is not generated), the arc detection breaker 35 detects , the main electric circuit 23 is brought into a closed state and conductive. Furthermore, when the waveform of the current flowing through the main electric line 23 is an abnormal waveform (that is, when an arc 36 occurs), the arc detection breaker 35 becomes open and interrupts the main electric line 23. Thereby, the power relay device 22 can be protected from a half-disconnection of the branch circuit 12 on the side of the outlet 3a connected to the output plug 21 and an arc generated at the location of the half-disconnection.

In addition, in this modification, an arc (series arc) that occurs at a half-disconnection point of the branch circuit 12 on the outlet 3a side is detected, but two circuits (L-phase circuit and N-phase circuit) of the branch circuit 12 on the outlet 3a side are detected. ) It is also possible to detect an arc (serial arc) that occurs when a short circuit occurs between

Further, in this modification, the arc detection breaker 35 detects the arc 36 based on the waveform of the current flowing in the main electric line 23, but it also detects the arc 36 based on the waveform of the voltage generated in the main electric line 23. It's okay.

(Modification 8)
In the above embodiment, it is assumed that all the plurality of outlets 3 are wall outlets provided in the wall of a building. A wall outlet is an outlet connected via indoor wiring. The indoor wiring is a portion of the electrical circuit between the branch breaker 133 and the outlet 3 in the branch electrical circuit 12. However, the plurality of outlets 3 may include a distribution board outlet as an outlet other than a wall outlet. The distribution board outlet is provided on the distribution board 13, and is an outlet that does not require indoor wiring. In this case, the output plug 21 of the power relay device 1 may be connected to a distribution board outlet. That is, in this case, the distribution board outlet becomes the relay outlet.

(Other variations)
In the above embodiment, the control unit 32 of the power relay device 1 controls the main breaker 132 from the closed state to the open state to prevent reverse flow. However, if the smart meter 14 is equipped with a switch that opens and closes the main circuit 11, the control unit 32 changes the switch of the smart meter 14 from the closed state to the open state instead of the main breaker 132 to prevent reverse flow. May be controlled. In this case, the switch of the smart meter 14 becomes the first switch.

Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the power relay device 1 may further include a current detection unit that detects the current input to the input plug 20 (that is, the output current of the distributed power source 4). In this case, the control unit 32 controls the electromagnetic switch 24 to change from the open state to the closed state when the detected current of the current detection unit exceeds the specified current (for example, the rated current of the outlet 3, for example, 15 A). Further, when the current detected by the current detection section is equal to or less than the specified current, the control section 32 controls the electromagnetic switch 24 from the closed state to the open state.

(summary)
The power relay device (1) of the first aspect includes one outlet (3a) of a plurality of outlets (3) that outputs power supplied from a power system (2), and an output of a distributed power source (4). (4a). The power relay device (1) includes an input plug (20) and an output plug (21). The input plug (20) is connected to the output section (4a) of the distributed power source (4). The output plug (21) is connected to one outlet (3a). The input plug (20) and the output plug (21) are each male plugs.

According to this configuration, since each of the input plug (20) and the output plug (21) is a male plug, the female output part (4a) of the distributed power supply (4) and the one outlet (3a) can be relayed. That is, since the output part (4a) of the general distributed power source (4) is a female type, the output part (4a) of the general distributed power source (4) and one outlet (3a) can be relayed. As a result, power from the distributed power source (4) can be supplied to the building power distribution system (10) using the general distributed power source (4) (ie, with an inexpensive configuration).

In the power relay device (1) of the second aspect, in the first aspect, the input plug (20) and the output plug (21) are each three-pole plugs including a ground electrode.

According to this configuration, the power relay device (1) has a three-pole outlet including a grounding electrode as one outlet (3a), and a three-pole outlet including a grounding electrode as the output part (4a) of the distributed power source (4). Can be relayed with a female output section.

The power relay device (1) of the third aspect includes a relay-side switch (24) in the first or second aspect. The relay side switch (24) conducts or interrupts the electric path (23) between the input plug (20) and the output plug (21) depending on the closed state or the open state.

According to this configuration, by controlling the opening and closing of the relay side switch (24), it is possible to control the power transmission from the output part (4a) of the distributed power source (4) to the one outlet (3a). .

In the power relay device (1) of the fourth aspect, in the third aspect, power from the power grid (2) is distributed to the plurality of outlets (3) via the grid-side switch (132). The system-side switch (132) conducts and disconnects the electric path (11) between the power system (2) and the plurality of outlets (3) depending on the closed state and the open state. The power relay device (1) includes an opening/closing detection section (25). The open/close detector (25) detects whether the grid-side switch (132) is in an open state. The relay side switch (24) is controlled from the open state to the closed state when the switching detection section (25) detects that the system side switch (132) is in the open state.

According to this configuration, when the switching detection unit (25) detects that the system side switch (132) is in the open state, the relay side switching unit is controlled to change from the open state to the closed state ( That is, power from the output section (4a) of the distributed power source (4) is output to one outlet (3a)). Therefore, it is possible to prevent power from the distributed power source (4) from flowing backward into the power grid (2).

The power relay device (1) of the fifth aspect includes a connection detection section (27) in the third or fourth aspect. The connection detection unit (27) detects whether the output plug (21) is connected to one outlet (3a). The relay side switch (24) is controlled to change from the open state to the closed state when the connection detection unit (27) detects that the output plug (21) is connected to the one outlet (3a). Ru.

According to this configuration, when the connection detection section (27) detects that the output plug (21) is connected to the one outlet (3a), the relay side switch (24) changes from the open state to the closed state. controlled so that Therefore, the blade of the output plug can be prevented from being exposed while the output voltage of the distributed power source is applied.

The power relay device (22) of the sixth aspect further includes a protection cutoff section (33; 35) in any one of the first to fifth aspects. The protective cutoff unit (33; 35) detects an abnormality in the electric circuit (12) on the side of the first outlet (3a), and depending on the detection result, disconnects the input plug (20) and output plug (21). The electrical path (23) between them is made conductive and cut off.

According to this configuration, the power relay device (22) can be protected from abnormalities that occur in the electric circuit (12) on the side of the one outlet (3a) to which the output plug (21) is connected.

In the power relay device (22) of the seventh aspect, in the sixth aspect, the protective cutoff unit (33) detects a ground fault as an abnormality.

According to this configuration, the power relay device (22) can be protected from a ground fault that occurs in the electrical circuit (12) on the side of the one outlet (3a) to which the output plug (21) is connected.

In the power relay device (22) of the eighth aspect, in the seventh aspect, the electric path (23) between the input plug (20) and the output plug (21) is an ungrounded wire that is not a grounded wire. (Including L-phase circuit and N-phase circuit). The protective cutoff unit (33) detects a ground fault based on the current flowing through the ungrounded wire.

According to this configuration, when the electric line (12) on the side of one outlet (3a) to which the output plug (21) is connected has a ground fault, a ground fault current (Ia) flows from the electric line (12) to the ground. flows. This ground fault current (Ia) flows from the ground through the grounding terminal (4b) of the distributed power source (4) to the electrical circuit within the distributed power source (4), and is input from the distributed power source (4) to the power relay device (22). It flows through the plug (20) to the above-mentioned ungrounded wire of the power relay device (22). Therefore, the above ground fault can be detected based on this ground fault current (Ia). As a result, the power relay device (22) can be protected from the above ground fault.

In the power relay device (22) of the ninth aspect, in the seventh or eighth aspect, the electric path (23) between the input plug (20) and the output plug (21) is connected to the grounding wire (E phase circuit). The protective cutoff section (33) detects a ground fault based on the current flowing through the ground wire.

According to this configuration, when the electric line (12) on the side of one outlet (3a) connected to the output plug (21) has a ground fault, a ground fault current (Ib) flows from the electric line (12) to the ground. flows. This ground fault current (Ib) flows from the ground to the grounding electrode (E-phase electrode) of the above-mentioned first outlet (3a), and then flows through the output plug (21) connected to the above-mentioned first outlet (3a). It flows to the above ground wire of the power relay device (22). Therefore, the above ground fault can be detected based on this ground fault current (Ib). As a result, the power relay device (22) can be protected from the above ground fault.

In the power relay device (22) of the tenth aspect, in any one of the sixth to ninth aspects, the protective cutoff section (35) detects an abnormality in the electric circuit ( 12) The arc generated is detected.

According to this configuration, the power relay device (22) can be protected from the influence of an arc generated in the electric circuit (12) on the side of the one outlet (3a) connected to the output plug (21).

A power supply system according to an eleventh aspect includes a power relay device (1) according to any one of the first to tenth aspects and a distributed power source (4).

According to this configuration, a power supply system including the power relay device (1) can be provided.

A power distribution system according to a twelfth aspect includes the power relay device (1) according to any one of the first to tenth aspects, and a grid power distribution system (10). The grid power distribution system (10) distributes power supplied from the power grid (2) via the first switch (132) to a plurality of outlets (3). The first switch (132) conducts or interrupts the electric path (11) between the power system (2) and the plurality of outlets (3) depending on the closed state or the open state.

According to this configuration, a power distribution system including the power relay device (1) can be provided.

1 Power relay device 2 Power system 3, outlet 3a Relay outlet (first outlet)
4 Distributed power source 4a Output section 10 System power distribution system 11, 23 Main electrical circuit (electrical circuit, electrical circuit between input plug and output plug)
12 Branch electrical line (electrical line on the side of the first outlet)
20 Input plug 21 Output plug 23 Main electrical circuit (electrical circuit between input plug and output plug)
24 Electromagnetic switch (second switch, relay side switch)
25 Continuity detection section (opening/closing detection section)
27 Connection detection unit 32 Control unit (cutoff control unit, power supply control unit)
33 Earth leakage breaker (protective cutoff section)
35 Arc detection breaker (protective cutoff section)
40 Detector (external device)
50 Operation input section 132 Main breaker (first switch, system side switch)
Ia, Ib Earth fault current

Claims (10)

A power relay device that relays between one outlet of a plurality of outlets that outputs power supplied from an electric power system and an output section of a distributed power source,
an input plug connected to the output section of the distributed power source;
an output plug connected to the first outlet,
The input plug and the output plug are each male plugs,
comprising a relay side switch that conducts and interrupts an electric path between the input plug and the output plug depending on the closed state and the open state,
Electric power from the power grid is distributed to the plurality of outlets via a grid-side switch,
The grid-side switch conducts and interrupts electrical paths between the power grid and the plurality of outlets according to a closed state and an open state,
comprising an opening/closing detection unit that detects whether the system side switch is in an open state,
The relay side switch is controlled to change from the open state to the closed state when the opening/closing detection section detects that the system side switch is in the open state ,
The output plug has an N-phase electrode and a ground electrode,
The opening/closing detection unit detects whether the grid-side switch is in an open state based on an impedance value between the N-phase pole and the grounding pole of the output plug.
Power relay device. The input plug and the output plug are each three-pole plugs including a grounding electrode,
The power relay device according to claim 1. comprising a connection detection unit that detects whether the output plug is connected to the one outlet;
The relay side switch is controlled to change from an open state to a closed state when the connection detection unit detects that the output plug is connected to the one outlet.
The power relay device according to claim 1 or 2. further comprising a protective interrupting unit that detects an abnormality in the electrical circuit on the side of the one outlet, and conducts or interrupts the electrical circuit between the input plug and the output plug according to the detection result;
The power relay device according to any one of claims 1 to 3. The protective cutoff section detects a ground fault as the abnormality.
The power relay device according to claim 4. The electrical path between the input plug and the output plug includes an ungrounded wire that is not a grounded wire,
The protective cutoff unit detects a ground fault based on the current flowing through the ungrounded wire.
The power relay device according to claim 5. The electrical path between the input plug and the output plug includes a grounding wire that is grounded,
The protective cutoff unit detects a ground fault based on the current flowing through the ground wire.
The power relay device according to claim 5 or 6. The protective cutoff unit detects an arc occurring in the electrical circuit on the side of the one outlet as the abnormality.
The power relay device according to any one of claims 4 to 7. The power relay device according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
The distributed power source;
power system. comprising the power relay device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 and a grid distribution system,
The power grid distribution system distributes power supplied from the power grid to the plurality of outlets via a first switch, and the first switch connects the power grid to the power grid according to a closed state and an open state. Continuing and interrupting electrical circuits between multiple outlets,
power distribution system.

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